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IN THE COURT Of APPEAL, FIJI ISLANDS}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8404958 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid8404958 ON AP}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11682368\charrsid8404958 PEAL FROM THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid8404958 
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\par (H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3738086 igh Court Criminal Action No. HAA 47 of 2006S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3738086 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid3738086 THE STATE
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 Coram: Ward, President Ellis,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3738086 
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{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 20}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2007}}}Wednesday, 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14956570\charrsid3738086 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956570  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956570\charrsid5781048 June 2007{\*\xmlclose}, {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname City}}Suva}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14956570 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 Counsel: Appellant in Person
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3738086 Date of Judgment: {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 6}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 25}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2007}}}Monday, 25}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3738086\charrsid3738086 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  June 2007{\*\xmlclose}, {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1
{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname City}}Suva}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6454918 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6454918\charrsid7100009 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3738086\charrsid7100009 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6454918\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 [1] The appellant and his co-accused faced one count of breaking and en}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3045363 tering and larceny contrary to s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11490360 .300 of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  Penal Code Cap.17. The offence was committed on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname 
Month}{\xmlattrvalue 3}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 7}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}7 March 2006{\*\xmlclose}. The appellant and his co-accused appeared in the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname 
address}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname Street}}Magistrates Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10904249 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 3}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 9}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  March 2006{\*\xmlclose}
. They were unrepresented. They pleaded guilty and were sentenced on that day. The appellant was sentenced to 4 years imprisonment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid722772 [2]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  On 27 March 2006}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257  the appellant filed an appeal }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 against sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid722772 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid722772 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5779606 Magistrates Court file}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  was received by the Hi
gh Court on 18 April 2006. It was allocated to Winter J on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 4}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 19}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}
{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}19 April 2006{\*\xmlclose}. The file was minuted (undated) by the Judge }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 first call 26 May.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2434725 [4]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  A notice of hearing was issued on 1 May 2006 by the High Court Registry. Likewise a produ
ction order to the officer in charge of the Suva Prison was issued on the same day ordering the pro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 duction of the appellant on 26}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid538257  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 May.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 [5]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 5}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 3}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}3 May 2006{\*\xmlclose} the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions was served with the hearing notice and service was acknowledged.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 [6]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  On 11 May 2006, the Production Order was served at the Suva Prison Offic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6952438 
e and, service was acknowledged.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6253838  There was a notation o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 n the production order dated 9 May 2006:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6454918 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid538257 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
Please also find a copy of Court Record attached herewith for appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6253838  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 purposes.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6253838 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 [7]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
 The appellant, in his notice of appeal to this Court asserted that he escaped from prison on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 5}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 13}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}13 May 2006{\*\xmlclose} not knowing that the appeal had been listed
 for hearing. That date was disputed by the State. We have no evidence to resolve the issue. For the purposes of this appeal we propose to treat {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 5}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 13}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}13 May 2006{\*\xmlclose} as the date of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257  appellant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 s escape from prison.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
\par 
\par [8] There is no evidence on the Court File that the notice of hearing issued by the High Court office and directed to the appellant concerning the hearing on 26 May was served on him at any time.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 [9] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 5}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 26}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}26 May 2006{\*\xmlclose} the appeal was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10628192  called in the High Court. The J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
s note shows that there was no appearance by the appellant. The Judge recorded:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10962775 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 (1) Appellant }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 escaped}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10962775 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 (2) Adj in his absence to 23 June 06}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10962775 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 (3) Order Production}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10962775 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 (4) if no appearance appeal struck out.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid538257\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 [10] On a hearing sheet dated 23 June 2006}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11606049  there}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
 is a notation by the Judge }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 Adj to 26}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 .
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 [11] On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 6}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 26}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}26 June 2006{\*\xmlclose} the appeal was again called. The Di}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1048834 rector of Public Prosecutions }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 entered an appearance.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8748678 [12] The J}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge made a minute for the hearing on 26 June 2006 which reads:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5007914 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
(1) No appearance of the appellant for the second time}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16728145 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16728145\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5007914 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 (2) Orders: Appeal struck out for abando}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16728145 nment by non appearance (1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 050)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16728145 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15754691 13] A memorandum}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  dated 27 June 2006 was sent by the officer 
in charge High Court (Criminal) Suva to the Acting officer of the Magistrates Court Nasinu advising that on 26 June 2006 the appeal was struck out due to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1859528 non appearance of the appellant.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  The Magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 s Court file was returned.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 [14]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 8}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0
{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 14}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}14 August 2006{\*\xmlclose}
 the appellant was back in custody. Shortly afterwards he wrote to the High Court inquiring as to his appeal. He did not receive a reply until {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 2}}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 8}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2007}}}8 February 2007{\*\xmlclose} when he was informed that the appeal had been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 set aside.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  On {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}
{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 2}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 12}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2007}}}12 February 2007{\*\xmlclose} he wrote to the High Court requesting a }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 reassessment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  of his appeal.
\par 
\par [15] The appellant then appealed to this Court against the sentence of 4 years}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14553851  imprisonment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
\par 
\par [16] On 30 March 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6834487 07 Ward, P sitting as a single J}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge of this Court refused leave to appeal against sentence by virtue of s.22}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5406709 (1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 A) of the
 Court of Appeal Act, which only allows an appeal from the High Court, sitting in its appellate jurisdiction, to this Court on the grounds that the sentence passed was unlawful or was passed in consequence of an error of law. The grounds of the appellant}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 s appe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2248794 al fell outside those grounds.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 [17] Ward P, however, granted leave to the appellants to appeal on the question of t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12589635 he propriety of the High Court J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge striking out the appeal when he had no evidence that the appellant had been notified of the date of either hearing and when he made no inquiry is to whether he was still at larg}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 e when the appeal was dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 [18]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  We commence our consideration of this appeal by referring to s.28(1)(}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16147882 l}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 ) of the Constitution which provides that every person charged with an offence has the right, if found guilty, to appeal to a higher court}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297 . The appellant exercised that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 Constitutional right on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}
{\xmlattrvalue 3}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 27}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}27 March 2006{\*\xmlclose}. Thereafter the procedure 
laid down by s.314 of the Criminal Procedure Code Cap. 21 was required to be followed. Under that provision the Chief Registrar of the High Court is enjoined, inter alia, to enter the appeal for hearing, serve a notice of hearing on the parties to the app
eal and supply the respondent, that is the State, with a copy of the appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
s appeal and a copy of the judgment or order (in this case the sentence) appealed against.
\par 
\par [19] Before that procedure had run its course the appellant, by his own deliberate action}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2382790  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
had escaped from prison well knowing that his appeal was then on foot. By his own}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2382790  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9843329 action h}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 e had made it impossible for one of the procedures prescribed by s.314 to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2382790  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 be carried out, namely, service on him of the notice of hearing.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 [20] We accept when the appeal was first called on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}{\xmlattrvalue 5}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}
{\xmlattrvalue 26}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}26 May 2006{\*\xmlclose}, the appellant was unaware of th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297 e date of hearing. That was his }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 own fault.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid131132 [21]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  Here we refer to }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid9072799 R v Flower}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  [1966] 1 QB 146. Widgery J in delivering the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914  judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeal said at page 151:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5007914 {\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5007914 
The practice of this court where an appellant escapes, and for that reason is not present when an appeal is called on, is either to adjourn the appeal or dismiss it, according to the justice of the case.}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5007914 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914 [22]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  That statement was approved and followed in this Court in }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5007914\charrsid14297297 John Yogendra Sing}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid14297297 h v.
\par The State}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297  Criminal Appeal AAU0025/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 99S. Having set out the statement in}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid14297297  Flower}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11499740  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
 this Court referred to the right of appeal to a higher Court contained in s.28}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 (1)(l) of the Constitution and went on to say}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11499740\charrsid5781048 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14297297 {\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid14297297 
That right is always available to citizens, but to avail themselves of it they must be prep
ared to subject themselves to the lawful jurisdiction of duly established Courts. Where that jurisdiction is rejected, the right must be taken to have been waived or abandoned}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7168198 .}{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1114947 "}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid14297297 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid14297297 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297 [23]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  In this case Winter J adjourned the appeal for just under one month, no 
doubt on the basis if the appellant was apprehended in the meantime he would be able to conduct his appeal. When the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12678158 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
ase was listed again on 23 June it was adjourned to 26 June. The appellant was still at large.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297 [24] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4268386 On 26 June th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 e appeal was again called. We accept th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5072302 at there is no record that the J}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge inquired is to wh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11348052 
ether he was still at large but,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  even if he had done so, he would have been told of that fact.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14297297\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356 [25]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  On 26 J}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2895784 une the J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge dismissed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid532873  the appeal on the ground that i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 
t had been abandoned by non appearance.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356 [26]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  When the appellant filed his appeal on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname date}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Month}
{\xmlattrvalue 3}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Day}{\xmlattrvalue 27}}{\xmlattr\xmlattrns0{\xmlattrname Year}{\xmlattrvalue 2006}}}27 March 2006{\*\xmlclose}
 the High Court became seized of it. The appellant had then subjected himself to the lawful jurisdiction of the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 [27] Had the appellant not escaped but remained in custody he would have known of the various hearing dates. By his own actions he denied himself that knowledge.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356 [28]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  By his escape, having filed an appeal to the High Court the appellant created a situation in which
 he was at risk of being held to have abandoned his appeal. Not surprisingly, the Court reached that conclusion and struck it out on tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5257750 t account. The decision of the J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge was in accordance with the authorities set out above. We therefore conclude that there was no }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5257750 impropriety on the part of the J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 udge and the appeal is therefore dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid11086442 Result
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid5781048 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356 [29]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048  The appeal is dismissed.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9372811 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5966357 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16404356 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid16404356 Ward, President
\par Ellis, JA
\par Penlington, JA
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5781048 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16404356\charrsid13774202 Solicitors:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13774202\charrsid13774202 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5781048\charrsid5781048 Appellant in Person
\par Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Suva for the Respondent
\par }}