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{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par At Suva \par Civil Jurisdiction \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 Civi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 l}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 Action No. 0138 of 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 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\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 SALESI TEMO \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 First Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 - and - \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 ATTORNEY GENERAL OF FIJI \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 Second Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 Counsel:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 Plaintiff in Person \par Mr. Keteca and Ms. Karen for the First and Second Defendants \par \par Date of Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 23rd May, 2005 \par Date of Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 21st October, 2005}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid13264106 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [1]\tab The plaintiff, Mr Naco, runs a business.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 On 26 November 2001 he wrote to the Senior Court Officer at Suva Magistrates Court requesting a copy of the decision in a 1994 criminal case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He states he required it in relation to the business.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid1867278 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [2]\tab The Senior Court Officer replied by letter dated 7 December 2001.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He said}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \'93Your 26 November 2001 letter refer (sic). \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 It was submitted to the Chief Magistrate for consideration and directions. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I am directed to advise you that your request (for a copy ju dgment) has been denied on the grounds that no good reason is provided for the request.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par [3]\tab Mr Naco did not write in stating his reason.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 On 20 December at about 2 p.m. he went to the Magistrates Court Registry to see Mr Singh.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was unavailable.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco went to see the acting Chief Registrar (he refers to him as the Deputy Registrar) with Mr Singh\rquote s letter.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The Registrar wrote, by hand, on the letter of 7 December \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \'93SCO Magistrates Court. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Please attend to Mr Naco\rquote s request for a judgment copy which he said that he would like to use as an \'93authority for a case he is dealing (as his reason)\'94}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 It\rquote s a public document and if he is required to pay a fee, then charge it \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106\charrsid13264106 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Thank you.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13264106 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 and then signed and dated it. \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par [4]\tab Armed with this Mr Naco returned to the Magistrates Court Registry.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There is a door in from the outside walkway and then a counter (about 80 centimeters wide) at which members of the public are attended to. \par \par [5]\tab It is from this point on there is a dispute as to what happened. \par \par [6]\tab Mr Naco states that he showed the note to a girl in the Registry.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She took it to the Chief Magistrate.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The latter\rquote s secretary called him outside.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He gave the letter to her she went away and came back and said \'93The Chief Magistrate doesn\rquote t want to see you.\'94 \par \par [7]\tab Mr Naco accepts his normal speaking voice is loud.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He told her \'93He\rquote s not God.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I want to see him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She went in.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Next thing is police came and I was arrested and taken to a cell.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Nothing else was said.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The police just said \'93you come down with us.\'94}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I went down to the cel}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106 l at the Government Buildings.\'94}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par \par [8]\tab He says he was there for about an hour.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was the taken up into No. 1 Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The Chief Magistrate was there and asked him what he wanted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco says he told him about the request in the letter and the Chief Magistrate replied he hadn\rquote t seen it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco said that was between him and the SCO.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The Chief Magistrate told him}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 not to be cheeky and that he could send him to gaol.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco then says \'93 I questioned \lquote Why am I in court?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I am never charged with an offence.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 After a while he told me to go.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He didn\rquote t reply (to the question) why am I in court, never charged?\'94 \par \par [9]\tab In cross-examination he denied banging the counter in the registry at the second visit.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He denied being threatening or abusive or smelling of alcohol.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He said if she (the secretary) was scared then \'93she wouldn\rquote t come and stand with me alone.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The plaintiff is a well built man, sixty-seven years of age, the secretary is a slim, short woman.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He said he didn\rquote t know if he disturbed the Chief Magistrate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He accepted he was angry and that he heard and saw the Chief Magistrate when he said \'93arrest this fellow.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He denied being abusive to the Chief Magistrate in Court. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1132000\charrsid1867278 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [10]\tab The plaintiff called Tomasi Tabulauvere in support.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He had had lunch with the plaintiff and no alcohol was consumed. \'93They don\rquote t sell liquor there.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He corroborates the plaintiff \rquote s sequence of events.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He heard no banging on the counter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 When he was told the Chief Magistrate\rquote s reply he says \'93I heard the plaintiff was not a very happy man.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 When the police came to take him away he says \'93The plaintiff was not a happy man again.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He wanted to know what were the charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There were exchanges between the two. I put in my little bit.\'94 The plaintiff was taken away. Mr Tabulauvere was not in Court later that day. \par \par [11]\tab In cross-examination he stated \'93Mr Naco was angry.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I have known him for so many years.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He has a loud voice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was not demanding.\'94 He disagreed with the suggestion Mr Naco was abusive or violent towards registry staff. \par \par [12]\tab The defendants called five witnesses, Ravinesh Raj, Assistant Court Officer, Wati Volavola, Assistant Court Officer, Asillika Masikolikoli, Assistant Court Officer, Roshni Ram, Secretary to the Chief Ma gistrate and the first defendant Salesi Temo. \par \par [13]\tab The first three gave evidence to the effect that when Mr Naco returned with the hand written note and was refused the judgment he became loud, angry, demanding and abusive.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He banged the counter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was attracting attention.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Ravinesh Raj said \'93We tried to cool him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The situation was getting out of hand.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was not the only member of the public at the counter\'85 I felt threatened by his appearance because of his demanding nature \'85. He might have assaulted me in the process.\'94 \par \par [14]\tab The Chief Magistrate\rquote s Secretary, Roshni Ram saw Mr Naco in the walkaway.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She thought it might help if she saw him.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Naco had a raised voice and seemed angry.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She considered it her duty to show the letter to the Chief Magistrate, and did so.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Temo said he stood by what he had said.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was, she believed, writing a judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She relayed the message to Mr Naco, who was then \'93 very angry and shouting and wanted Temo to tell him these things personally.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She went back to Mr Temo and returned again. \'93 Naco was then very angry.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Shouting at the top of his voice \lquote Who the hell does he think he is.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Does he think he is God.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was advancing to me, when he was very close I could smell liquor on his breath\'85. I was scared, very frightened\'85 Temo opened his window and asked the police officers to take Naco to the cells.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 When he was talking at the counter I didn\rquote t feel threatened.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 In the corridor when he was advancing and came close I thought he was going to hit me.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13264106 He was really angry.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par \par [15]\tab Salesi Temo gave evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was appointed on 1 February 1994 and was a Resident Magistrate at the time of these events.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 On the afternoon of 20 December he was in chambers.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was very busy writing judgments.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He remembers his Secretary saying that Mr Naco wanted a judgment and that he\rquote d dealt with the matter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 No reason had been given for the request.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He said he doesn\rquote t normally see members of the public without an appointment. He has to be careful. \par \par [16]\tab Therefore Mr Temo instructed his Secretary to tell Mr Naco as there was no reason given for the request there was no point in seeing him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Had he been informed of the reason he would have given access to the judgment. \par \par [17]\tab Mr}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1132000\charrsid1867278 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Temo said his Secretary was coming in and out.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He could hear a commotion outside, even though the windows were closed, and the air conditioner was on.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mrs Ram briefed him in what was happening and told him she could smell liquor on his breath.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He did not feel safe to see Mr Naco. When his Secretary said she had to stand between two police officers, \'93I had to use powers under the Courts Act to protect myself and Court Staff.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I have looked at section 136(2).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 My understanding is Parliament has given powers if there is contempt in the face of the Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [They have] to be used carefully and exceptionally.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I had to act given the level of abuse and the briefing from my Secretary\'85. I expected the police officer to arrest you and take you to the police station.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Temo said the police didn\rquote t appear to be acting so he ordered the plaintiff\rquote s detention.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548\charrsid1867278 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [18]\tab An hour later in Court he says he explained to Mr Naco what was happening but it turned into a shouting match.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco wouldn\rquote t listen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was told to be careful as he might be formally charged with contempt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco was shouting at the top of his voice.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He told Mr Naco to go and he left.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He said he had not come across such behaviour before in Fiji.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He stated he might have been incorrect in his use of section 136(2) Criminal Procedure Code in these circumstances. \par \par [19]\tab The Plaintiff\rquote s amended statement of claim reads from paragraph 17 \'93the first Defendant arbitrarily deprived the Plaintiff of his liberty and detained the Plaintiff without been (sic) charged for an offence.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The First Defendant was breaching the constitutional rights of the Plaintiff, causing the plaintiff physical and mental stress and strain, such conduct was unfair, unjust, unreasonable, prejudiced and unconstitutional and denied the Plaintiff natural justice. \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Wherefor the Plaintiff claims against the Defendants:- \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 An Order that the First Defendant breached the Constitutional Rights of the Plaintiff namely: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-1080\li2520\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2520\itap0\pararsid1867278 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 S23 (1) A person must not be deprived of personal liberty. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-1080\li2520\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2520\itap0\pararsid1867278 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 S25 (1) Every person has the right to freedom from torture of any kind, whether physica l, mental or emotional, and from cruel, inhumane degrading or disproportionately severe treatment or punishment. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-1080\li2520\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2520\itap0\pararsid1867278 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 S27(1) Every person who is arrested or detained has the right: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2880\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl2\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 to}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 be}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 informed promptly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 in}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 language}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 he or she understands of the reason for his or her arrest or detention and of the nature of any charge that may be brought. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iv)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-1080\li2520\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin2520\itap0\pararsid1867278 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 S28(1) Every person charged with an offence has the right: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2880\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (b)\tab to be given details in legible writing, in a language that he or}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 she understands, of the nature of and a reason for the charge. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 An Order that the First Defendant\rquote s actions were unreasonable and outside the scope and duties of his role as Magistrate: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 General Damages; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Any other relief which to this Honourable Court may seem just; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Cost of this action.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [20]\tab The amended defence denied Mr Naco\rquote s factual allegations and in particular in respect of the first defendant relied upon section 65(1) Magistrates Court Act, Chapter 14. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1132000\charrsid1867278 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [21]\tab Section 65(1) is headed \'93Protection of Judicial Officers\'94 and reads: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid5339548 \par }\pard \ql \fi-1440\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\tx1440\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \'9365. \endash (1)\tab No magistrate, justice of the peace or other person acting judicially shall be liable to be sued in any civil court for any act done or ordered to be done by h im in the discharge of his judicial duty whether or not within the limits of his jurisdiction provided that he at the time, in good faith, believed himself to have jurisdiction to do or order the act complained of.\'94}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548\charrsid5339548 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [22]\tab The plaintiff and defendants gave written closing submissions.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The first defendant stated he was acting under section 136(2) of the Penal Code. \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Section 136(1) and (2) of the Penal Code state: \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \'93136. -}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (1)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Any person who \endash \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (a)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548 \tab }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 within the premises in which any judicial proceeding is being had or taken, or within the precincts of the same, shows disrespect, in speech or manner, to or with reference to such proceeding, or any person before whom such proceeding is being had or taken; or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548\charrsid5339548 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (b) - (f)\'85\'85\'85. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548\charrsid5339548 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 causes an obstruction or disturbance in the course of a judicial proceeding; or}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548\charrsid5339548 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li1800\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1800\itap0\pararsid1867278 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 - (l) \'85\'85. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548\charrsid5339548 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (m)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid5339548 { \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 commits any other a}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4531097\charrsid1867278 ct of intentional disrespect to }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 any}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6911947\charrsid1867278 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 judicial proceeding, or to any person before whom such proceeding is being}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 had or taken. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid5339548 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 is guilty of an offence, and is liable to imprisonment for three months. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid5339548 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 136-}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (2)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 When an offence against paragraphs (a),\'85. (g)\'85 or (m) of subsection (1) is committed in view of the court, other than a magistrate\rquote s court presided over by a third class magistrate, the court may cause the offender to be}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 detained in custody, and at any time before the rising of the court on the same day may take cognizance of the offence and sentence the offender to a fine not exceeding forty dollars or in default of payment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one month.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid5339548 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [24]\tab The first defendant argues that if in fact he did exceed any power under section 136 then it was done in good faith and he is protected by section 65(1) of Magistrates Court Act. \par \par [25]\tab Neither party has addressed the question as to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548 whether the kind of protection a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 ff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548 o} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 rded by section 65 is available to the State.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 And, if so, whether or not it is constitutional. \par \par [26]\tab Section 3 Crown Proceedings Act Chapter 24 makes the Crown liable in tort as set out, but by subsection (5) states \'93No proceedings shall lie against the Crown by virtue of this section in respect}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 of anything done or omitted to be done by any person while discharging or purporting to discharge any responsibilities of a judicial nature vested in him, or any responsibilities which he has in connexion with the execution of judicial process.\'94 \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 But this is a claim under the Constitution. \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par [27]\tab In broad terms, there is little dispute on the facts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco had a note from the deputy registrar saying he was entitled to a copy judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 This was denied to him.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He raised his face, became angry and made a remark about the \lquote Chief Magistrate\rquote .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The latter then ordered him to be detained and taken to a cell.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was there for approximately an hour before being brought to Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There was a further exchange of words and he was released. \par \par [28]\tab There is no evidence to show that at any stage he was told why or by what power he was being arrested or detained.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There is no evidence to show that, when he was brought into court, he was told what power was being exercised or purportedly exercised.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He was only told \'93\'85be careful, or you might be formally charged with contempt.\'94 \par \par [29]\tab I find that all parties and witnesses were doing their best to recollect what happened.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 This incident happened nearly three and a half years ago. \par \par [30]\tab There were many discrepancies in the evidence of the defendants\rquote witnesses. \par \par [31]\tab I find that Mr Naco did loose his temper and became angry when, armed with the note, he was refused a copy judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He has, in ordinary speaking, a powerful voice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He raised his voice, was angry and said, referring to the Chief Magistrate, \'93He\rquote s not God.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I want to see him.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I accept he did bang the counter a few times.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Tomasi Tabulavuere stated the plaintiff had not drunk alcohol.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I accept this. \par \par [32]\tab Mr Naco says he is aged 67 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He still appears to be a fit and well built man.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Given the circumstances I accept that the defence witnesses felt abused and threatened.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mrs Roshni Ram, the first defendant\rquote s secretary, showed calm and courage in the circumstances. \par \par [33]\tab I accept the evidence of the first defendant, Mr Temo.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Whilst judgment writing he had, out side his office, a man who was loud and demanding to see him, despite the messages he had sent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He had had relayed to him what was happening and the concerns of his staff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He could hear a commotion despite closed windows and air-conditioning.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He opened his window and saw Mr Naco.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There were police officers there who were apparently doing nothing. \par \par [34]\tab Mr Temo accepts he gave the instruction for the plaintiff to be taken to the cells.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 About an hour later there was the Court appearance and release. \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4531097\charrsid1867278 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [35]\tab Mr Temo did not have power under section 136 Penal Code to order the arrest or detention of Mr Naco.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 That section is aimed at \'93 contempts committed in the face of the court.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There was no \'93judicial proceeding\'94 being disrupted by Mr Naco\rquote s behaviour.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The first defendant was in his chambers working, albeit on}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 judgment writing. \par \par [36]\tab Mr Temo accepted, in evidence, he may not have had power in these circumstances to order the arrest or detention of Mr Naco.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He does state he believed himself to have such power and did so in good faith. \par \par [37]\tab I find that Mr Temo did believe he was in the limits of his jurisdiction when he ordered detention of Mr Naco and did so in good faith.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The circumstances as I have found them support this.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There is nothing to rebut it. \par \par [38]\tab The reasons for this immunity are well known.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Accordingly I must dismiss the action against the first defendant. \par \par [39]\tab I turn to the second defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 In his original statement of claim the plaintiff stated, at paragraph 17 and in the claim that he was alleging breaches of his constitutional rights.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 In his amended statement of claim he specified precisely the rights he was referring to. \par \par [40]\tab The High Court (Constitutional Redress) Rules 1998 set out the procedures for bringing an action for constitutional redress.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 In a number of respects this application does not comply with these Rules.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The second defendant has not taken this point.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco is a litigant in person.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 It has been clear from the outset constitutional redress is being sought, and precisely which rights are involved from the time of the amended claim.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The Attorney-General has been involved throughout. \par \par [41]\tab I find no party has been prejudiced by the failure to comply with the Rules.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Accordingly I waive any breaches.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I do not find there was an unreasonable time between the date of the incident, 20 December 2001, and the launch of proceedings, 2 April 2002. \par \par [42]\tab I find that Mr Naco was deprived of his liberty for approximately one hour.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 That deprivation might have been lawful had it been done by someone who had a power of arrest on the reasonable suspicion that Mr Naco had committed an offence for which he could be arrested.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 That is not the case here.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 No other exceptions can apply. \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Accordingly I find there has been a breach by the State as represente d by the second defendant of Mr Naco\rquote s right under Article 23(1). \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par [43]\tab I can find no evidence that begins to support Mr Naco\rquote s contention that there was a breach of his rights under Article 25(1), \'93Freedom from cruel or degrading treatment.\'94 \par \par [44]\tab I find there has been a breach by the State as represented by the second defendant of Mr Naco\rquote s right under Article 27(1)(a) in that Mr Naco, having been detained was not \'93informed promptly in}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 a language that he\'85 understands of the reasons for his\'85. detention and of the nature of any charge that may be brought;\'94 \par \par [45]\tab Article 28(1) states \'93Every person charged with an offence has the right:\'94 and there is then a list set out.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Mr Naco was not charged with any offence, so this Article is not engaged. \par \par [46]\tab There was one outstanding question on liability.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Neither party had addressed it at any stage, including submissions. \par \par [47]\tab This was a provisional judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 It is now finalised.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The parties were given a further hearing date.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 They were to research and be prepared to argue the following questions: \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (1)\tab Is there any statute or authority which provides immunity to the state from an action for constitutional redress for acts or omissions of a judicial officer bona fide acting in the exercise or purported exercise of his or her judicial authority? \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 (2)\tab If so, is such a provision constitutional? \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Argument was to be directed to the two questions only. \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par [48]\tab Neither party has sought to argue that the answer to question 1 in paragraph 47 above is \'93yes\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 In these circumstances the parties addressed me on the quantum of damages. \par \par [49]\tab There are a number of authorities concerning the false imprisonment of individuals.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Awards vary from approximately $1,000.00 to several thousand dollars.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I look to the individual concerned, Mr. Naco, and the circumstances.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par \par [50] \tab Mr. Naco is a mature and self-assured man.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 The length of his false imprisonment was approximately one hour in the cells at the court, he was brought into court and his liberty restored.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There is no suggestion of any temporary or permanent injury to him above and beyond that period of loss of liberty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 There is no claim for punitive or exemplary damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par \par [51]\tab Mr. Naco does argue that his damages should be higher than normal on the basis that it was a judicial officer and not, for example, a police officer or ordinary member of the public who wrongfully deprived him of his liberty.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I find I cannot take this factor into consideration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 By damages Mr. Naco is being compensated for his loss of liberty and breach of his constitutional rights and not specifically for the person who brought that about.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Further, I did find at paragraph 42 above that \'93 that deprivation might have been lawful had it been done by someone who had a power of arrest on the reasonable suspicion that Mr. Naco had committed an offence for which he could be arrested\'94. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1867278 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [52]\tab To some extent the plaintiff has been the author of his own misfortune.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 That does not mean there has been no breach of his constitutional right or that he should not be compensated therefor.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 However, his case is not in the realms where higher damages have been awarded, e.g. the shackling of a child by the police. \par \par [53]\tab In all the circumstances I find that the correct figure for damages in this case is the sum of $1,000.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I find that is a reasonable sum for the first hour of loss of liberty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 Had there been continuing hours of false imprisonment or breach of rights the amount per hour would have been less.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 This recognises and marks the relative greater importance of the initial loss of liberty. \par \par [54]\tab In arriving at this figure and these principles I have respectfully adopted the reasoning and quantum set by Mrs. Ju}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548 stice Pulea in Civil Action HBC}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 0307 of 2004 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid5339548 Eseroma Ledua v. Fiji Police Force and Others}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 .} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 She examines the prin ciples at pages 6 to 12 under the headings (i) False Imprisonment (ii) Quantum of Damages and (iii) The submissions and Thompson Guidelines.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 In the case of a businessman wrongly imprisoned for twenty-four hours she set a figure of $1,000.00 for the first hour.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 This case, in this respect, is the same. \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [55]\tab Mr. Naco has acted as a litigant in person throughout.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 It is clear that he does know a considerable amount about the legal process.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 He is not entitled to costs as though he was a professional lawyer acting for a client.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 However, he is entitled to his outgoings and disbursements.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I assess these at $1,250.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 I order that the damages and costs are paid by 3.00 p.m. on the 21st of November, 2005.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1867278 \par }\pard \qc \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 [R}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5339548 .J}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 . Coventry] \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5339548 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 JUDGE}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9387938\charrsid1867278 \par }}