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{\revtim\yr2005\mo12\dy3\hr10\min23}{\printim\yr2004\mo4\dy26\hr15\min42}{\version2}{\edmins1}{\nofpages6}{\nofwords1672}{\nofchars9533}{\*\company Judicial Department}{\nofcharsws11183}{\vern16391}} \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow0\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot5905338 \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs19\insrsid87625 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs19\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid87625 6}}}{\cs19\insrsid87625 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid87625 \par 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\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO: HAA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 0}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 064 OF 2003S \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Between:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMITI VUKEI \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Appellant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 And:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 THE STATE \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Respondent \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par Hearing:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 22nd April 2004 \par Judgment:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 29th April 2004 \par \par Counsel:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Mr. T. Fa for Appellant \par Mr. W. Kurisiqila for State \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par The Appellant was convicted after a trial of the following offences: \par \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 COUNT ONE \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 INDECENT ASSAULT ON FEMALE}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 : Contrary to Section 154 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMITI VUKEI in the ye ar 1990, in Suva in the Central Division, unlawfully and indecently assaulted Kelera Vakaloloma. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 COUNT TWO \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 INDECENT ASSAULT ON FEMALE}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 : Contrary to Section 154 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMITI VUKEI in the year 1992, in Suva in the Central Division, unlawfully and indecently assaulted Kelera Vakaloloma. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 COUNT THREE \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 INDECENT ASSAULT ON FEMALE}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 : Contrary to Section 154 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMITI VUKEI in the year 1994, in Suva in the Central Division, unlawfully and indecently assaulted Kelera Vakaloloma. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 COUNT FOUR \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 RAPE}{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 : Contrary to Section 149 and 150 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMITI VUKEI in the year 19 96 in Suva, in the Central Division, had unlawful carnal knowledge of Kelera Vakaloloma without her consent. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 COUNT FIVE \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 INDECENT ASSAULT ON FEMALE}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 : Contrary to Section 154 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMITI VUKEI in the year 1997 in Suva, in the Central Division, unlawfully and indecently assaulted Kelera Vakaloloma. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 COUNT SIX \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 INDECENT ASSAULT ON FEMALE}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 : Contrary to Section 154 of the Penal Code, Cap. 17. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Particulars of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 SEMIT I VUKEI on the 21st day of May 1998 in Suva, in the Central Division, unlawfully and indecently assaulted Kelera Vakaloloma. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par He appealed against conviction and sentence in person, on a number of grounds.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 However on the date of the hearing of this appeal h e was represented by counsel who abandoned all grounds save one.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 That ground reads: \par \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \'93 That the learned magistrate erred in law by refusing my only piece of evidence (a letter of apology written by the complainant confessing that she made up the allegation I am accused of.\'94 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The facts \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par The charges were filed on the 17th of December 2001.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The Appellant pleaded not guilty.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Over numerous hearing dates, there was some difficulty to getting the complainant to court.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 On 30th July 2002, the Appellant told the court that he had a letter written by the complainant stating that she had lied in her complaint.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The court gave the letter to the prosecutor to hand over to the police for further investigation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 A bench warrant was issued for the complainant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The Appellant was remanded in custody on the ground that he had interfered with a prosecution witness. \par \par The trial finally proceeded on the 27th of August 2002 after the Appellant had been remanded in custody for two weeks.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The complainant gave evidence from behind a screen. \par \par She said that the Appellant was her natural father and that she had lived since her childhood with him and her stepmother Mere Vukei.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Her date of birth is 30th May 1984.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 In 1990 when she was six years old, she was sleeping on her bed when her father indecently assaulted her by touching her genitals.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 She told no one.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 In 1992, he did this again, and performed oral intercourse with her.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 This incident was repeated on another occasion, and also in 1995.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 In 1996, when she was in Class 6 and was 2 years old, he tried to rape her, by forcing part of his penis into her vagina.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 In 1997 he again touched her private parts after he had disciplined her by belting her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He did this after he saw her talking to a boy. \par \par In 1998, after he again touched her breasts and private parts she told her class teacher that she had been abused by her father.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Her teacher took her to the Principal who asked her for details.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The Principal then called the Women\rquote s Crisis Centre.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Later the complainant went to the Maafu Girls\rquote Home where she r emained for a few months while police investigations continued.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 She said: \'93 I recall writing a letter, asking for forgiveness from my dad.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 My father asked me to write the letter.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I didn\rquote t write the letter out of my own free will.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Because I was living with the accused, I had no choice but to write it.\'94 \par \par The letter was shown to the complainant and she identified it.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 It was tendered as an exhibit. \par \par In cross-examination, the Appellant suggested to the complainant that she had concocted her entire story, that he had never indecently assaulted her, not had sex with her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The court record indicates that she wept while being cross-examined, saying that her evidence was the truth and that she was sorry but had no choice but to tell the truth. \par \par Edward Brown and Catherine Nand, who were the complainant\rquote s school teachers gave evidence of her distress on telling them what the Appellant had done to her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 There was very little cross-examination of them. \par \par PW4 was Mere Vukei, the Appellant\rquote s wife and the complainant\rquote s stepmother.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 She also gave evidence that the complainant told her that she had been abused by the Appellant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 There was no cross-examination. \par \par Sgt. Miliakere Dumulolo gave evidence that she interviewed the Appellant under caution.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He denied any act of indecent assault or of rape or attempted rape.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dr. James Fong tendered the medical report of the complainant.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Although he was not the examining doctor he tendered the report as a trade or business document under section 4 of the Evidence Act. \par \par The medical report was recorded on the 26th of May 1998.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The complainant was then 13 years old.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 She told the doctor she had been touched on her private parts by her father every week since she was small and that there had been no penile penetration.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 She was distressed when the doctor conducted his examination of her genital area.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The doctor found that the complainant\rquote s hymen was not intact and that sexual assault had occurred over many years using a finger.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 There was no evidence of penile penetration, but the doctor considered that his findings were consistent with sexual abuse. \par \par Under cross-examination the doctor said that vaginal penetration was probably 2 years previously because the injuries likely to be caused by forceful contact would have healed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The doctor was asked if the complainant may have caused the rupture of the hymen herself.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He said that it was possible but that it was unusual for a girl to abuse herself and to cause herself injuries. \par \par The Appellant gave sworn evidence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He pointed to the inconsistency between the complainant\rquote s allegation of penile penetration and the medical report.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He said the complainant had concocted her story and that the letter she wrote proved his innocence. \par \par Under cross-examination he said he had frequently disciplined his daughter with sticks and belts but that he had never sexually abused her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 At page 31 of the record he said: \'93I didn\rquote t abuse my daughter.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I did not rape her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I did not force my daughter to write the letter she wrote.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I didn\rquote t apologise to PW1.\'94 \par \par Judgment was delivered on 26th November 2002.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 After reviewing the evidence, and giving himself the appropriate corroboration warning, he concluded that there was no corroboration of the complainant\rquote s evidence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 However he found the evidence of recent complaints to her teachers, and the medical report, to be consistent with the allegations of sexual abuse.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He said he found the complainant to be a credible and reliable witness.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He said that there was some doubt as to whether there had been any penile penetration, but accepted that the Appellant had attempted such penetration without the complainant\rquote s consent.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He convicted him instead of attempted rape on Count 4, and convicted him on all other counts.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 He sentenced him to 12 months imprisonment on each count of indecent assault, and to 3 years imprisonment on the count of rape.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The total sentence was 8 years imprisonment. \par \par A perusal of the learned Magistrate\rquote s judgment reveals that counsel rightly abandoned all other grounds of appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Although the Appellant was unrepresented at the trial, the learned magistrate obviously took care to ensure that he was not prejudiced by lack of representation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The defence was clear and unequivocal and cross-examination was vigorously conducted.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 There were no errors of law or fact in the judgment. \par \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The only remaini ng ground is that the learned Magistrate erred in failing to refer to the letter written by the complainant.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 That letter was written in Fijian and no English translation was included in the record.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 However the High Court interpreter prepared the following translation: \par \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \'93Dear Dad, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Hello father.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I hope that you are well.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I am well here and there is no problem. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I am only writing to you now because I have regretted making those allegations against you falsely.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I came home and Mum told me that you are being prosecuted.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I stand and think about the wrong that I have put you in.}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I request you and Mum to forgive me.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I wish to come clean to you, that all the allegations I made against you, I made it all up inside me.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I did all that because I wanted a free life and do not want anyone to boss me.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I made up my story from Titilia.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I know that both you and Mum are really ashamed, but your shamefulness is small compared to mine.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I am frightened to see the police.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I am also ashamed to come home.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I request a favour from you, when you go to court again, show this letter to the police.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I am really ashamed.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Dad, I hope you have accepted me.}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 I wish to end here.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Regards. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 From your only daughter. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 K. Vakaloloma\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par If accepted, this letter would have constituted a previous inconsistent statement because it states that the charges against the Appellant were false.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 However, in her evidence-in-chief, the complainant quite categorically explained the circumstances in which she wrote the letter.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 She said she had been forced by her father to write the letter and that it was false.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 The Appellant never cross-examined her on this issue.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 This failure on his part may have been due to his ignorance about the laws of evidence, but the record shows that he was able to put his case in other respects, succinctly to the complainant including an allegation that she and her friend Titilia had made up the allegation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Further, although the letter is undated, it was agreed by the Appellant that this letter was written when the complainant was 13 years old and living with him.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 What weight could any court put on a letter written by a complainant in these circumstances? \par \par It would certainly have been advisable to refer to the letter in the analysis of the complainant\rquote s evidence, but I do not consider that a failure to refer to it renders the convictions unsafe.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 } {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Given the complainant\rquote s clear explanation for the letter, a conclusion that no weight could be put on the letter, particularly when her evidence was accepted as being credible and reliable would be unsurprising. \par \par For these reasons, this ground of appeal fails. \par \par There is no appeal against sentence.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5977404 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 This appeal is dismissed. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 Nazhat Shameem \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5977404 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2904026\charrsid5977404 \par At Suva \par 29th April 2004 \par }}