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blake_r}{\creatim\yr2006\mo3\dy30\hr14\min37}{\revtim\yr2006\mo3\dy30\hr14\min37}{\printim\yr2004\mo4\dy6\hr11\min52}{\version2} {\edmins0}{\nofpages9}{\nofwords3678}{\nofchars20967}{\*\company Judicial Department}{\nofcharsws24596}{\vern16391}}\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1701 \dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow0\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot15027713 \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs19\insrsid2497649 PAGE }}{\fldrslt { \cs19\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid2497649 9}}}{\cs19\insrsid2497649 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid2497649 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par CRIMINAL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 Cr. Action}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 HAC0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 16.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 02S}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 The State \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 v \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Navau Lebobo}{ \b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 Fiji High Court, Suva}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 6 April 2004}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par Gates J \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 SUMMING UP \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Mr B. Solanki and Mr Qira for the State \par Ms P. Narayan for the Accused}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 All 3 Assessors present}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [1]\tab Lady and Gentlemen Assessors,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 it is now my duty to sum up the case to you.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 We have differing roles in this trial.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I have to give you directions on the law and you must accept those directions.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You are to decide the facts applying those directions and to give me your opinions as to the Accused\rquote s guilt or innocence. \par \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [2]\tab In going through the evidence I may express an opinion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you do not agree with that opinion, you are free to ignore it and to form another view of that piece of evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I may o mit some evidence which you think significant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Nonetheless you may give that evidence such weight as you consider appropriate.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You are free to form your own opinions. \par \par [3]\tab At the end of this summing up, and after you have given your individual opinions, the final decision on the facts rests with me.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I am not bound to conform to your opinions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 However in arriving at my judgment I shall place much reliance upon your opinions. \par \par [4]\tab The burden of proof rests throughout the trial upon the State.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In our system of justice there is a presumption of innocence in favour of an Accused which is enshrined in the Constitution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The State brings the charges against the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Therefore it is for the State to prove each charge against the Accused.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Each element of the charge must be proved, but not every fact of the story.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This burden never changes, never shifts to the Accused. \par \par [5]\tab The prosecution must prove its case beyond reasonable doubt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 That means that before you express an opinion that the Accused is guilty of any of the charges you must be satisfied so that you are sure of his guilt beyond reasonable doubt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you consider him innocent of any of the charges you must give your opinion that he is not guilty of that charge.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you entertain a reasonable doubt of guilt, you must also give your opinion that the Accused is not guilty of that charge. \par \par [6] \tab The Accused is charged with one count of murder, one of rape, and one of robbery with violence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 But you must consider each of the charges separately, when you examine the case in your deliberations.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You are not obliged to find the Accused guilty either on all of the charges or not guilty on all.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Look at the evidence as it affects each of the charges separately.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Your opinions about the charges could differ from one to the oth er, depending on the view you took on each of the charges and the evidence available on each. \par \par [7] \tab The Accused elected to remain silent, and called one witness in his defence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In choosing not to give evidence the Accused exercised his rights and no adverse inference can be drawn from that election.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 There is no obligation on an Accused to give evidence in his own defence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The fact that he has not given evidence himself proves nothing one way or the other.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It does nothing to establish his guilt.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 On the other hand it does nothing to rebut, contradict or explain the evidence put before you by the State. \par \par [8] \tab You must decide this case upon the evidence presented to you.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It will be your task to discover which witnesses have given honest and accurate evidence and which may not. \par \par [9]\tab After I have completed this summing up, you will be asked to retire to your retiring room to deliberate amongst yourselves so as to arrive at your opinions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Upon your return to court, when you are ready, each one of you will be require d to state his or her individual opinions orally on each of the charges against the Accused, which opinions will be recorded.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Your opinions need not be unanimous.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You will not be asked for reasons for your opinions. \par \par [10]\tab However it will be helpful to you beforehand in arriving at sound and rational opinions if you ask yourselves why you have come to those opinions. \par \par [11]\tab Those opinions must be based solely upon the evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Evidence consists of sworn testimony of the witnesses, what each witness has told the court in the witness box, as well as the exhibits tendered in court, such as the sketch of the scene, the photographs, the wooden baton, the post mortem report, the caution interview statement and the charge statement.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In addition, you will consider the evidence that went in by consent of both parties, listed in the paper headed agreed facts.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Following correct procedure counsel have agreed certain issues or facts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 These are therefore not in dispute in this trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Such agreements properly help to shorten the proceedings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Concentrate on the issues that are disputed.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par \par [12] \tab Neither speculation nor theories of one\rquote s own constitute evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Media coverage, idle talk, or gossip are similarly not evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Put out of your mind when considering your opinions, anything you may have read in the newspapers about this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Focus solely on the evidence which you have seen, heard, or examined in this court. \par \par [13]\tab This summing up is not evidence either, nor are counsel\rquote s opening or closing addresses.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Naturally we hop e all of these are of assistance to you, but they do not constitute evidence. \par \par [14]\tab If a witness is asked a question in cross}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 examination and agrees with what counsel is suggesting, the witness\rquote answer is evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If he or she rejects the suggestion, neither the question nor the answer can become evidence for the proposition put. \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [15]\tab In arriving at your opinions, use the common sense you bring to bear in your daily lives, at home and at work.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Observe and assess the witnesses\rquote evidence and demeanour together with all of the evidence in the case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You can accept part of a witness\rquote testimony and reject other parts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 A witness may tell the truth about one matter and lie about another; he or she may be accurate in saying one thing and be wide of the mark about another. \par \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [16]\tab If you have formed a moral opinion on the conduct alleged in this case, put that to one side.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Consistent with your oath, you should put away both prejudice and sympathy. Ignore for the purposes of your deliberations, the horror of what took place here.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Approach your assessment of the evidence dispassionately.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Bring a cool detachment to your task of examining whether the case against the Accused has been proved before you, proved with evidence on each of the three counts. \par \par [17]\tab I turn now to deal with what the prosecution must prove.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Accused is charged on count 1 in the information with murder which is an offence in our Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par \par [18] \tab There are 4 relevant elements that the prosecution must prove.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 First it must be proved beyond reasonabl e doubt that the deceased Badri Maharaj died on 9 June 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This element is part of the agreed facts and is therefore admitted by the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 But you have heard evidence also from the Scenes of Crime officer ASP Rokobera who saw the deceased lying dead on the floor of his bedroom at 68 Rewa Street. \par \par [19] \tab His death was subsequently confirmed by the pathologist Dr Merelita Goneyali who estimated time of death at around 4 am on 9 June 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Dr Goneyali stated the cause of death was severe head trauma due to multiple blunt impacts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This fact was also admitted by the Accused in the agreed facts. \par \par [20] \tab The second element which the prosecution must prove is that the deceased\rquote s death was caused by an unlawful act, an act without justification.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It was clear that the deceased received a prolonged and forceful assault to his face, head, and upper body when you consider photograph 51 and the evidence of Dr Goneyali detailing all of the injuries external and internal that she found on Mr Badri\rquote s body.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You can bear in mind also the disarray of the room in which he was found and the blood on the bedding near his body.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You may conclude from the injuries to his body and from the surrounding circumstances that his death was neither accidental nor had it occurred lawfully. \par \par [21] \tab Thirdly the prosecution must prove to you that these unlawful acts were the acts of the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This issue is disputed.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I shall refer to the identification evidence further on. \par \par [22] \tab Fourthly and lastly, it must be proved beyond reasonable doubt, a s indeed must all of the elements of murder be proved, that the Accused killed the deceased whilst acting with malice aforethought. Malice aforethought is a legal term covering three possible intents of mind.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It must be proved that the Accused either inten ded to cause the death of the deceased, or that he intended to cause the deceased grievous bodily harm or that he knew that his acts, the continuous punching and hitting with the wooden baton or stick would probably cause the death of the deceased or caus e grievous harm, and that the Accused was indifferent as to whether or not death or grievous bodily harm would be caused, or even}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 if he wished it would not be caused. \par \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [23] \tab Grievous harm is defined in the Penal Code to mean any harm which amounts to a maim or dangerous harm, or seriously or permanently injures health or which is likely so to injure health, or which extends to permanent disfigurement, or to any permanent or serious injury to any external or internal organ, member or sense. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par [24] \tab Whoever committed these acts on the deceased, you may think, did so, intending at the very least to cause Mr Badri really serious bodily harm.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You could conclude that when you see photograph 51, and when you recall the pathologist\rquote s evidence of the number of bones in Mr Badri\rquote s body that had been broken, some bones broken in several places, his twisted face, and the extent of the facial and internal brain damage. \par \par [25]\tab Count 2 of the information alleges rape by the Accused upon Mrs Maharaj.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 First it must be proved be yond reasonable doubt that the Accused had sexual intercourse with the complainant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The physical act of intercourse must be proved, that is that the Accused\rquote s penis penetrated the complainant\rquote s vagina.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The slightest penetration is sufficient.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It is not necessary to prove ejaculation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It has not been suggested to the complainant in cross}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 examination that this act of penetration did not take place.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The complainant told you the full act of intercourse did take place. \par \par [26] \tab Second, it must be proved that when the Accused had sexual intercourse with the complainant he did so without her consent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The complainant says she told him when it was clear he intended to have sex with her }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Leave me, leave me, I am a mother.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Remember she was 76 years old and he only 28 at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Consider all of the circumstances in deciding whether the complainant gave her consent to sexual intercourse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 At the close of her cross}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 examination she said }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I was in pain.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He assaulted me a lot.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I was bleeding.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I was not able to talk.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It had not been suggested to Mrs Maharaj in cross} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 examination that she did consent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You may therefore find this element straightforward and conclude she did not consent to the act of sexual intercourse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Wisely she may have had the presence of mind to relax and thus to avoid injury.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Or was it that she was simply too old and too weak and shaken from the assault already administered to her by the Accused to offer any resistance.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par \par [27] \tab Thirdly it must be proved that the Accused either knew that she did not consent or was reckless as to whether she consented.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In the agreed facts the Accused admits that he forcefully entered the house of Mr & Mrs Maharaj on the day in question, that he stole money from the house, and that he }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 ""}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 did slap the face of Chandra Wati Maharaj.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Again you must consider whether the Accused would have known that the elderly Mrs Maharaj was not consenting to having sex with himself, an intruder in the middle of the night.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Consider all of the circumstances.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you are not sure that he would have realised she was not consenting then go on to consider whether the Accused might have been reckless as to whether she consented.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Did he genuinely believe she was consenting?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If so, or you are not sure, he is to be acquitted on this count.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you do not believe he thought she was consenting when you consider all of the circumstances, you should convict him of rape.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Remember the evidence was that Mrs Maharaj was picked up by the Accused from the floor of the bedroom where she lay after the initial assault on her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 She had to be carried by the Accused into the next room where he had intercourse with her. \par \par [28] \tab Lastly you must be sure beyond reasonable doubt that it was the Accused that raped Mrs Maharaj.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par \par [29] \tab On count 3, robbery with violence, the prosecution must prove several elements.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 First it must be proved to you beyond reasonable doubt that the Accused stole the cash as set out in the information from the complainant Mrs Maharaj.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Accused in the agreed facts admits stealing money from the house at 68 Rewa St.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Stealing here means that the Accused took the money from the glass or the China bowl in the kitchen that is the FJD150, AUD200 and USD100.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You need to be satisfied that this was Mrs Maharaj\rquote s money, that the Accused took it from her, and that when th e Accused did so he knew he was appropriating property which belonged to the complainant, property which he had no right to, and at the time he took it, that he intended to deprive the complainant of it permanently. \par \par [30] \tab The evidence confirms that the Accused went with his friend Epeli from the settlement to the Thomas Cook Money Exchange to change the foreign currency.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This money appears to have been spent on a drinking spree in the Caesar\rquote s Palace Nightclub.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You may feel when this money was taken the Accused intended to keep it permanently from the complainant and not give it back, and that therefore he stole it. \par \par [31] \tab Second you must be satisfied that the stealing was carried out whilst the complainant was put in fear of the use of force, or that force was used against her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Accused admits in the agreed facts that he }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 slapped}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Mrs Maharaj.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Mrs Maharaj gave a more detailed account of the assaults upon her. \par \par [32] \tab The complainant said she saw the Accused take money from her purse and from the glass in the kitchen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In the kitchen she kept US$ and A$, about $2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 300 in a glass.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 She had about F$100 or so in her purse and some change.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Her evidence on this point went unchallenged. \par \par [33] \tab Lastly on this count you need to be sure beyond reasonable doubt that this robbery was committed by the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Has the Accused been sufficiently identified?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Yesterday in her closing address Ms Narayan said this offence was admitted.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Nonetheless examine the evidence carefully matching it with the elements that I have told you about.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In view of the lack of dispute on these matters you should be able to reach your opinions on count 3 without difficulty. \par \par [34] \tab I should just mention the use of the screen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The screen was used during the evidence for Mrs Maharaj.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This should not be taken as a matter reflecting badly on the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The screen was used to make the giving of evidence by this elderly frail witness less traumatic, that is all. \par \par [35] \tab In all sexual cases, it is necessary that you be directed on the need for corroboration.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You should look for corroboration of the evidence given by the complainant Mrs Maharaj that she was raped by the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 In the absence of such corroboration it is dangerous to convict on the evidence of the complainant alone.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Having warned yourselves of the dangers of convicting on the complainant\rquote s evidence alone without corroboration, you may still convict the Accused on the strength of Mrs Maharaj\rquote s evidence if you consider her evidence alone to be accurate, reliable and credible. \par \par [36] \tab The corroboration required is evidence which is independent of Mrs Maharaj\rquote s evidence and which implicates the Accused in some material way relevant to the charge.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I shall indicate the evidence which is capable of supporting Mrs Maharaj\rquote s allegation of rape sufficiently, if accepted by you, as corroboration. \par \par [37] \tab Epeli Balemaimakogai was called by the prosecution as their second witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He was a 20 year old man who lived in the same settlement as the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He knew the Accused who he said had stayed in the settleme nt at Tuitalevu, Flagstaff for a long time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 They knew each other very well and used to go around the settlement drinking grog together. \par \par [38] \tab On 13 June 2002, a few days after the crimes were discovered at 68 Rewa Street, the Accused called Epeli to go to town to change some foreign currency.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 After this was done, the Accused invited Epeli for some drinks at a night club.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Accused treated him and several others to free drinks for a long time, perhaps for as long as 4 hours. \par \par [39] \tab Then, in his cups or whilst getting drunk, the Accused started to tell Epeli what had happened at Rewa Street at Sunil\rquote s father\rquote s place.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Sunil\rquote s father clearly meant Mr Badri Maharaj, though the name was not given in evidence by this witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Sunil used to visit the settlement which was close by and call people to work for him in his business.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Epeli said: \par \par }\pard \s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He (the Accused) told me what he did that night.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He went inside the house of Sunil\rquote s father.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He was a bit drunk when he went inside.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He demanded for some cash from him and started to punch the old man and then he told me that he slept with the husband\rquote s wife.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This was in Rewa Street.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 " \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [40] \tab Epeli told you how scared he was by this revelation and that he tried to find a way to get away as soon as he could.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you accept Epeli as a truthful and accurate witness his evidence of the Accused\rquote s volunteered admission would corroborate the evidence of Mrs Maharaj that she had been raped by the Accused. \par \par [41] \tab In considering corroboration, first you assess whether the witness to be corroborated, Mrs Maharaj, has given evidence that is credible or capable of belief.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Do you believe Mrs Maharaj\rquote s account?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you do, then you go on to consider the corroboration evidence to see if it supports her testimony. \par \par [42] \tab Next there is the evidence of Detective Constable Semisi Bokadi from Raiwaqa Police Station.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 On 19 June 2002 he interviewed the Accused under caution at the Sexual Unit office in Nabua.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He recorded the questions and answers during the interview in Fijian, which were translated into English for you.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Fijian record was signed at various places by the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It was put to this witness that the Accused had denied the offence throughout, and that the interview had been made up.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It was also suggested in closing address by Ms Narayan there were differences in the account given by Mrs Maharaj and that recorded as answers by the Accused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You can consider these matters put to you in closing address by Ms Narayan in deciding whether this witness and the other police officer present D/Sgt Ise i Ecela were or were not, telling the truth about this interview. \par \par [43] \tab The Accused told the police of his assault on the Indian lady, of how he punched her twice on the face, strangled her neck tightly, and threw her back on the bed in the first room.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The lady\rquote s nose was bleeding he said.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 After dealing with the old man he came back to the lady and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 carried her from where she was lying down}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 to another bedroom.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He said he did this in order to rape her. \par \par [44] \tab He said he tore her dress after putting her on the bed in the other room and then had sex with her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 She did not refuse he said because she was very weak.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 I have not dealt with all of the details he gave to the police.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 If you accept that the police witnesses account of the taking of the interview was co rrect, and that the admissions were given voluntarily by the Accused and not fabricated by the police, the evidence of those admissions by the Accused could also constitute corroboration of the evidence of Mrs Maharaj about the rape. \par \par [45] \tab Lastly, there is the evidence of D/Inspector Tevita Lesu.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He accompanied the Accused on 19 June 2002 on a reconstruction of the scene.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He said the Accused willingly went to show him what he did that day.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Inspector Lesu said he was not part of the investigation team on 9 June 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He had no conversation with the interviewing officer about what the Accused had said during his interview.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He said the Accused spoke in the Bauan dialect and the Accused appeared to understand what was said to him in Bauan. \par \par [46] \tab The Accused told the Inspector that as for the old lady he assaulted her and forced her between the wall and the bed in the same room where he had assaulted the old man.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He placed a mattress on her when she was on the floor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Later after further assaults on the old man with the stick, he lifted her and carried her into the second room. \par \par [47] \tab He then said the Accused told him that: \par \par }\pard \s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He put her on the bed, tore her dress, removed his trousers and underpants and climbed on top of the old lady.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He then had sexual intercourse with her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 " \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [48] \tab If you accept this witness\rquote s evidence, here was another account which materially supported the evidence of Mrs Maharaj that the Accused had had sexual intercourse with her. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Neither in his account to Inspector Lesu or in that to the poli ce interviewer is it suggested by the Accused that what he did was anything less than sexual intercourse, that is penetration by him of his victim. \par \par [49] \tab Dr James Fong was called by the prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He was a doctor with 8 years experience as a specialist in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He did not examine Mrs Maharaj.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He exhibited the medical report on Mrs Maharaj compiled by a doctor who has since migrated, Dr Nelsine Bentley.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 This report was not the A & E report on this patient, but one specifically to deal with matters gynaecological. \par \par [50] \tab Dr Bentley had made a vaginal and rectal examination at 2.30 pm on 9.6.02, which revealed that there were no signs of sexual intercourse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Dr Fong said }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It is possible that there were no signs of sexual int ercourse.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It is possible.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It is possible if the patient were having regular intercourse or if she had maintained the presence of mind to remain calm and not resist and then there would be no injuries.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 \par \par [51] \tab You have the accounts of what happened, from Mrs Maharaj, and from the Accused in his two accounts one to D/Const Semisi in interview and one to Insp. Lesu at the reconstruction.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 There is no evidence of any resistance by Mrs Maharaj, who was 76 years old at the time, and who was weak from the Accused\rquote s assault upon her.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Does this explain why there were no injuries found in this region of her body?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 It is a matter for you to weigh. \par \par [52] \tab You have to decide this case on the evidence presented to you by the prosecution and the defence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The defence called o ne witness Losana Tulele who said the Accused stayed at her house at Tuitalevu from 1998, though she knew him since he was a little boy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 She said he was educated up to class 5.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Sometimes he was slow or silent she said.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 She confirmed he understands Fijian and the Bauan dialect. \par \par [53] \tab If you considered a prosecution witness manifestly unreliable or inaccurate, you could disregard part or all of that witness\rquote s evidence without more.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 However if you were convinced a witness was telling the truth and was accurat e in what he or she had said, and there was no contradictory evidence to oppose it, then you should rely on that witness\rquote s testimony, because you have accepted it and because there has been no evidence setting up a different and credible opposing account. \par \par [54] \tab There is no evidence suggesting anybody else intruded into Mrs Maharaj\rquote s house.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Accused never told Epeli either that anybody else was involved.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Nor did he suggest so to D/Const Semisi or to Insp Lesu.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He admits in the agreed facts that he was there that night, slapped Mrs Maharaj, and stole the money.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 He denies his interview statement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Was any alternative account or explanation put in cross examination to the police interviewers or to Insp Lesu? \par \par [55] \tab Mrs Maharaj identified the Accused on the identification parade, and his fingerprint was found inside the house, on the bowl.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 There is no evidence before you suggesting anyone else was responsible for the murder and the rape.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 The Accused now acknowledges his responsibility for the robbery.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 [56] \tab As an eye witness you may think, though she is now a frail 78 year old, Mrs Maharaj did not come across as a weak and confused character.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Stunned by events she clearly was, but was she confused by the circumstances of the robbery or indeed did she not know a s a mother of children whether she had been penetrated?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 You will have to decide these matters to arrive at your opinions. \par \par Please now retire to consider your opinions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par \par }\pard \s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 A.H.C.T. GATES \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 JUDGE}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15027713 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713\charrsid15027713 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15027713 Solicitors for the State\tab : }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4730178\charrsid15027713 Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Suva \par Solicitors for the Accused: Legal Aid Commission, Suva \par }}