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{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author Judge2}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2006\mo3\dy27\hr15\min6}{\revtim\yr2006\mo3\dy27\hr15\min6}{\printim\yr2004\mo2\dy18\hr14\min26}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages7}{\nofwords1751}{\nofchars9987}
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\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LAUTOKA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 CIVIL ACTION NO. HBJ0006 OF 2003L
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 THE STATE
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 AND:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 AJMAL GULAB KHAN
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 1st Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 ATTORNEY GENERAL OF FIJI
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 2nd Defendant
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\par Counsel for the Plaintiff: Mr. Iqbal Khan 
\par Counsel for the Defendants: Ms. Suliana Tabaiwalu
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 JUDGMENT
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\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 APPLICATION
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par The applicant seek by way of Notice of Motion leave to institute judicial review proceedings seeking to review the decision of the 1st Respondent following the inquest into the death of Deo Mani s/o Ganga Naidu. 
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
The motion was opposed and came before Byrne J. on 30 June 2003 when he granted a stay of the decision of the 1st Respondent that }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 \'93
charges of manslaughter be laid against the 1st Applicant and the charge of being an accessory to manslaughter be laid against the 2nd Applicant.\'94}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par 
\par The application is supported by affidavits sworn on 30 June 2003 and 20 January 2004 by Karuna Garan Pillay. The respondents rely on an affidavit of Alvina Ali sworn on 19 August 2003.
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The record of the Magistrate\rquote s Court was available and Counsel for the Applicants and Counsel for the Respondents filed written submissions and made further oral submissions.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 BACKGROUND
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par Deo Mani s/o Ganga Naidu died at Lautoka Hospital on 8 November 1999.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The record of the Magistrate\rquote 
s Court shows that the Inquest No. 2 of 2000 first came before the Court on 4 December 2000 for mention.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
The inquest came before the Magistrate\rquote s Court on eleven subsequent occasions before it was finally dealt with on 9 June 2003.
\par 
\par The evidence was taken from Dr. Dhanna Gounder, who performed a post mortem on the deceased; various relatives of the deceased; Constable Raoneet Singh and the applicants.
\par 
\par The evidence of the 2}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 nd}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Applicant was that he took the deceased to the 1}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Applicant for \'93treatment.\'94
\par 
\par The treatment apparently involved the deceased ingesting jafir, lemon and rum and then dunking or having his head dunked in the sea.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 He subsequently became u}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337 nconscious and ultimately died.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par 
\par The record shows that the 1}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Applicant was cautioned by the Learned Magistrate early in her evidence.
\par 
\par On 17 June 2003 the Learned Magistrate delivered his decision where he relevantly stated that the deceased died at Lautoka Hospital on 8 November 1999 at 1245 hours; }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'93
in my opinion Gita is responsible for the death of Deo Mani and ought to be charged for manslaughter.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
The cause of death was due to water in the lungs and this water entered due to the actions and directions of Gita; furthermore some of the deceased were taken to Gita on the recommendation of witness Karuna Pillay.}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 There is some evidence of him being charged for being an accessory also.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }
{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 This matter should have been subject of a more vigorous investigation by police and charges laid earlier rather than waiting and finding an inquest.\'94
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par The Magistrate then made the following recommendations: -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par 
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A full and further investigation with a view to charges of manslaughter being laid;
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Police ought to be more vigilant in cases as these showing inquest can be held quickly and a finding might stopped the Attorney General\rquote s Office also has asked for various adjournments when hearing dates were arranged.}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 These matters ought to be given priority in public interest.\'94
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\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 LEGISLATION
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par The conduct of inquest is governed by the Inquest Act [Cap. 46]. 
\par Section 7 states:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-900\li1620\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1620\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'937(1) \endash 
 If, upon receiving all necessary reports, a magistrate shall be satisfied, without holding an inquest, as to the cause of death, he shall report to the Attorney-General the cause of death as ascertained to his satisfaction.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-900\li1620\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin1440\lin1620\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 A magistrate may hold an i
nquest if there is no body available, in any of the circumstances referred to in section 3.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-900\li1620\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin1440\lin1620\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
A magistrate shall not hold any inquest under this Act if he has reason to believe that criminal proceedings against any person for having caused the death of the deceased have been, or are about to be, commenced.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (4)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-900\li1620\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin1440\lin1620\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
In all other cases, the magistrate shall proceed as soon as possible to hold an inquest but may adjourn the inquest sine die if any such criminal proceedings as aforesaid are commenced.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par Section 9 states:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'939(1) \endash 
 A magistrate holding an inquest shall have all the powers exercisable by a magistrate in holding a criminal trial under the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code}{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 and }{\b\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 shall give at least fourteen days notice of his intention to hold any inque
st by the insertion of a notice in the Gazette and a notice, in such languages, as he considers desirable, in such editions of a newspaper published and circulating in Fiji or some part thereof, as he shall think fit.\'94}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par Section 14 states:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-1080\li1800\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1800\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337 \'9314(1) \endash \tab }{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 Any per
son whose conduct is likely in the opinion of the magistrate to be called in question at an inquest, shall, if not duly summoned to give evidence thereat, be given at least four days notice of the date, hour and place at which the inquest will be held.}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnb1\pni1
\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin1440\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 If
 the conduct of any person is called in question at an inquest on grounds which the magistrate thinks substantial and which related to any matter referred to in section 15 and if that person is not present at the inquest and has not been duly summoned to 
attend or otherwise given notice of the holding of the inquest, the inquest shall be adjourned to enable him to be present, if he so desires.\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par And Section 15 states:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-698\li1418\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'9315(1) \endash 
 The proceedings and evidence at an inquest shall be directed solely to ascertaining the following matters, and any matters relevant thereto, namely: -}{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-709\li2127\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls5\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin1440\lin2127\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 who the deceased was;}{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-709\li2127\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin2127\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 (b)\tab the cause and the date and place of death;}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-709\li2127\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls6\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin1440\lin2127\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
the persons, if any, to be charged with murder, manslaughter, infanticide, causing death by dangerous driving or 
of being accessories before the fact to such offences, should the magistrate find that the deceased came by his death by murder, manslaughter, infanticide or by dangerous driving;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-709\li2127\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls6\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin1440\lin2127\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 the particulars for the time being required under the provisions of the Bir
ths, Deaths and Marriages Registration Act to be registered concerning the death.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri1440\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls7\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
For the purpose of avoiding doubt it is hereby declared that a finding under paragraph (c) of subjection (1) shall not operate as a committal for trial nor shall such proceedings be deemed to be a preliminary inquiry.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 THE GROUNDS ON WHICH RELIEF IS SOUGHT
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par The applicants seek to rely on grounds that might be summarized as follows: -
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The decision of the 1}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Respondent is }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 ultra vires}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  the Inquest Act;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The 1}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Respondent neglected to take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances when recommending that further investigations be carried out that the 1}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Applicant be charged with the manslaughter on the 2}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 nd}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Applicant for accessory to manslaughter.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The 1}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Respondent exceeded his powers in that \endash 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 i)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls11\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 He took into consideration irrelevant matters; 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 ii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls11\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 He is not taking into consideration irrelevant matters;
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 iii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls11\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls11\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 He acted unreasonably in breach of the Inquest Act and/or Arbitrarily;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The 1}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Respondent failed and/or neglected to give any opportunity to the Applicants regarding the proposed charges;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The decision of the 1}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Respondent is tainted with the illegality and procedure impropriety;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The 1}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 st}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  Respondent conducted the inquest in breach of Section 9 of the Inquest Act;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls8\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The decision to lay charges against the Applicant are in breach of Natural Justice.

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 THE LAW
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par The granting of leave to apply for judicial review is governed by Order 53 Rule 3 of the High Court Rules.
\par 
\par The conditions precedent must be satisfied before leave can be}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337  granted:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 -
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls9\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
an application for certiorari must be made within three months of the decisions of the decision sought to be reviewed \endash  Order 53 Rule 4(2);
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls9\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
The applicant for leave must have a sufficient interest in the matter to which the application relates \endash  Order 53 Rule 3(5);
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls9\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The applicant must show he has an arguable case \endash  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 Fiji Airline Pilots\rquote  Association v. Permanent Secretary for Labour & Industrial Relations (Civil Appeal No.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 ABU0059U of 1997 \endash  Judgment 27 February 1998)}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 .
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 THE ISSUE
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par The Counsels agree that condition (1) and (2) are not in issue.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
The matter therefore for the consideration of the Court is whether or not the Applicants have shown they have an arguable case.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 In }
{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 Fiji Airline Pilots\rquote  Association v. Permanent Secretary for Labour & Industrial Relations. }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337 It was stated:}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 -
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'93
The basic principle is that the Judge is only required to be satisfied that the material available discloses what might, on further consideration, turn out to be an arguable case in favour of granting the relief.}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 If it does, he or she should grant the application \endash  per Lord Diplock in }{
\b\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 Inland Revenue Commissioners v. National Federation of Self Employed, }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 [1982] AC 617 at 644.}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 This principle was applied by his Court in }{\b\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
National Farmers\rquote  Union v. Sugar Industry Tribunal and Others}{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  (CA 8/1990; 7 June 1990).}{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 In }{\b\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 R v. Secretary of State for the Home Department ex p. Rukshanda Begum}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  (1990) COD 107 (referred to in 1 Supreme Court Practice 1997 at pp.865 and 868) Lord Donaldson MR accepted that an intermediate category of cases existed
 where it was unclear on the papers whether or not leave should be granted, in which event a brief hearing might assist, but it should not become anything remotely like the hearing which would ensue if the parties were granted leave.\'94}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The issues raised by the applicants are all adequately addressed by the respondents and the court record with the exception of the failure of the}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 1st Respondent to cause notice of his intention to hold the inquest to be advertised as required by Section 9 of the Inquest Act.

\par 
\par That is what Lord Diplock described as \'93procedural impropriety\'94 in }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 Counsel of Civil Service Unions v. The Minister for Civil Service [1985] A.C. 374.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337 He said in page 411: -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14162337\charrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-22\li1440\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'93I have described the third head as \'93
procedural impropriety\'93 rather than failure to observe basic rule of natural justice or failure to act with procedural fairness towards the person who will be affected by the decision.}{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 This is because susceptibility to judicial review under this head covers also failure by an administrative tribunal to observe procedural rules}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  }{\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
that are expressly laid down in the legislative instrument by which its jurisdiction is conferred, even where such failure does not involve any denial of natural justice.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par There is therefore an arguable case on the basis of the failure to advertise the intention to hold the inquest as required by Section 9 of the Inquest Act.
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par CONCLUSION
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par The granting of leave to apply for judicial review will be futile.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The Magistrate merely made a recommendation that }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'93a full and further investigation with a view to charges of manslaughter being laid.\'94
\par 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The applicants were both in attendance at the inquest and gave evidence.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 They had notice of it and could have been legally represented.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 

\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 What purpose would relevantly be served by compliance with Section 9?
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par It is trite that the Court will refuse to issue a remedy with which serves no useful purpose.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 It is said: -
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin720\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'93
This is a controversial area of the law since it raises a conflict between the court\rquote s duty to ensure that governmental agencies act lawfully, and the public interest in discouraging unnecessary litigation.}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
It is a fundamental principle that the Court will not act in vain, so the decision will not be quashed where the Court takes the view that the defect did not affect the actual decision \endash }{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  }{\b\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 R v. Crown Court at Knightsbridge, Ex p Marcrest Properties Ltd. [1983] 1WLR 300, C.A.\'94}{
\b\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487  \endash  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \'93Applications for judicial review \endash  Law and Practice of the Crown Law Office \endash 
 Second Edition \endash  Aldaus and Alder.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par I am of the view that the failure to advertise the intention to hold the inquest did not affect the learned Magistrate\rquote s decision.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 ORDERS
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls10\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta .}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 Leave is refused.
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls10\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta .}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls10\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 The applicants are to pay the respondents\rquote  costs.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14162337 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 JOHN CONNORS
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid11957487 JUDGE}{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11957487 {\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 AT LAUTOKA
\par 23}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337 RD}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11957487\charrsid14162337  FEBRUARY, 2004
\par }}