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\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 CIVIL ACTION NO. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9467077 HBC0}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 400 OF 2003}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 KRISHNA SAMI CHETTY}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 father\rquote s name Krishna Sami Chetty, of 86 Wellington Drive, Namaka, Nadi, Trade Unionist
\par Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 AND:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 FIJI PUBLIC SERVICE ASSOCIATION}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 a trade union registered under Section 6 of the Trade Unions Act, Cap. 96, whose registered office is at 298 Waimanu Road, Suva.
\par Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Counsel:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Mr. Koya \endash 
 for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. Nagin \endash  for the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Date of Hearing: Upon the papers
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 Date of Judgment: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 6th May, 2004}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 JUDGMENT}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Introduction
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par The defendant\rquote s Annual General Meeting of its 4,000 members was to be held on the 26}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
 of September, 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The day before the meeting the plaintiff filed an ex-parte application for an injunction restraining the AGM and election.
\par 
\par The application was considered on a \'93pickwick\'94 basis and the injunction granted.
\par 
\par Thereafter the defendant filed an inter-parte application seeking dissolution of the injunction or alternatively modification of it on terms.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 This was refused.
\par 
\par That hearing was held on the 6th and 7th of October, 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
The High Court delivered its judgment on the 24th of October, 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
An appeal against that decision was made on the 14th of November, 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
The matter is presently pending in the Fiji Court of Appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 It is likely to be reached in the next session.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 That appeal contends that the entire process of grantin}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 g the injunction was erroneous.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par 
\par In recognition of any hardship the defendant Union may suffer by postponing its AGM my brother Justice Connors time-tabled an early hearing of the substantive proceedings for the beginning of the 2004 law term.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 However, as the defendant filed an appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The practical effect was to nullify the timetable.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The substantive matter has not been heard.
\par 
\par The case came before me by way of a further application by the defendant to vary the injunction order granted on the 25th of September, 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Submissions and authorities were filed by 23rd April.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 It was agreed that this matter could proceed on the papers with a decision on notice.
\par 
\par The application seeks that the annual general meeting of the defendant be allowed to continue with its full agenda except for:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984 1.\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
the announcement of results of the election of General Secretary; and
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984 2.\tab }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 the motion to amend clause 5 of the defendant\rquote s constitution.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par The defendant applicant brings its case to the Court upon the basis that all it is seeking is a narrowing of an unnecessarily wide injunction.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 It can point to no change in circumstances or public interest policy considerations since the earlier decisions.
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Jurisdiction and Judicial Comity
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The defendant has appealed the original and subsequent injunction decisions to the Court of Appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 In accordance with Order 59 Rule 10(9) an appellant can apply incidentally to its appeal for a variation, discharge or enforcement of an injunction.
\par 
\par When reviewing the instant application with counsel at a pre-trial conference I expressed grave reservation about the practice of filing multiple applications to vary an injunction in the High Court when the ins
tant proceedings where the subject of an appeal to the Fiji Court of Appeal.
\par 
\par In my view it is preferable particularly where there are no changes in circumstances or public policy principles to be considered for such applications to be considered by the Appeal Court, not the Court of first instance.
\par 
\par In this regard I accept the plaintiff respondent\rquote s argument that if I were to vary the injunction at this time there is a risk that I would usurp the authority of the Fiji Court of Appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 In my view that would be an abuse of this Court\rquote s process.
\par 
\par There is another reason why I remain uncomfortable with the application.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 I drew counsel\rquote 
s attention to a decision of the Federal Court of Australia }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Hicks v The Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 (2003) FCA 757.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
The factual background in the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Hicks}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  case is relatively straightforward.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 A young New Zealander who had legitimately lived in Australia for several years turned to a life of crime.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 This lead to the Ministry of Immigration cance}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 ling his visa and seeking his deportation.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Challenges were made to the Minister\rquote s decision.
\par 
\par The facts may have been simple but the applicable law was not.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
The prime legal issue was the interpretation and construction of a section in the Migration Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 During t
he pendency of the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Hicks}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  appeal a decision was}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 issued by a single Judge of concurrent decision (Ryan J in }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Ball}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 ).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 In other words a judge of the same status as those set to consider the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Hicks}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
In a long 84 paragraph judgment the Court in 4 paragraphs addressed the need for judicial comity.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
I respectfully adopt those 4 paragraphs.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
To give this adoption of principle proper context I must fully quote the relevant passages.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
They read as follows:
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 \b\f169\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 It was also submitted by counsel for the Minister that it is not necessary for this Court as a matter of judicial comity to follow an earlier decision of a single judge.}{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 It was submitted that there are factors in the present case which militate against following Ryan J.}{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 It was said that the decision was wrong as to the construction of }{
\b0\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 s501}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
(7)(d) and that it is recent and there is no question of the law being settled by the earlier decision.
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
I am not bound by any doctrine of precedent to apply the construction adopted by Ryan J in }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Ball}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 .}{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The position in this Court is the same as that expressed by Lord Goddard CJ (Atkinson and Lewis JJ agreeing) in }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Police Authority for Huddersfield v Watson}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  [1947] 1 KB 842 at 848:
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li1440\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 \lquote \'85
 I think the modern practice, and the modern view of the subject, is that a judge of first instance, th
ough he would always follow the decision of another judge of first instance, unless he is convinced the judgment is wrong, would follow it as a matter of judicial comity.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 He certainly is not bound to follow the decision of a judge of equal jurisdiction.\rquote }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 \tab  }{\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
This view has not always produced consistency in judicial decision-making at first instance.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 In }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Froom v Butcher}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  [1976] 1 QB 286 at 289 Lord Denning MR, sitting in the Court of Appeal, observed \lquote 
a remarkable conflict of opinion\rquote  in the lower courts on the question of seatbelts:
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li1440\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 \lquote 
Half of the judges think that if a person does not wear a seatbelt he is guilty of contributory negligence and his damages ought to be reduced.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The other half think that it is not contributory negligence and they ought not to be reduced.\rquote 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
Generally speaking the same position applies in the State Supreme Courts, although as a recent text on judicial precedent observes:
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li1440\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 \lquote 
Some judges are quite robust in preferring their own views against those of their fellow single judges.\rquote 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li1440\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 MacAd
am and Pyke, Judicial Reasoning and the Doctrine of Precedent in Australia, Butterworths, (1998) at 8.50.
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 In }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Zotovic v Dobel Boat Hire Pty Ltd}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  (1985) 62 ACTR 29 at 32 (cited by the learned authors), Blackburn CJ said:

\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li1440\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 \lquote As a judge of this Court I should f
ollow a decision of another judge of the court unless there is a clear reason for not following it.\rquote .}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
It is well established that a judge of this Court should follow an earlier decision of another judge unless}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
of the view that it is plainly wrong \endash  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Takapana Investments Pty Ltd v Teco Information Systems Co Ltd}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
 (1998) 82 FCR 25 at 33 (Goldberg J), citing }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Towney v Minister for Lands and Water Conservation for New South Wales}{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  (1997) 147 ALR 402 at 412 and}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  Esso Australia Resources Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation}{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  (Cth) (1997) 150 ALR 117 at 121.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 See also }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 La Macchia v Minister for Primary Industries and Energy}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  (1992) 110 ALR 201 at 204 where Burchett J said:
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li1440\ri1440\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 \lquote 
The doctrine of stare decisis does not, of course, compel the conclusion that a judge must always follow a decision of another judge of the same court.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Even a decision of a single justice of the High Court exercising original jurisdiction, while \'93deserving of the closest and respectful consideration\'94
, does not make that demand upon a judge of this court: Businessworld Computers Pty Ltd v Australian Telecommunications Commission (1988) 82 ALR 499 at 504.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 But the practice in England, and I think also in Australia, is that \'93a judge of first instance will as a matter of judicial comity usually follow the decision 
of another judge of first instance [scil of coordinate jurisdiction] unless he is}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 convinced that the judgment was wrong\'94
: Halsbury, 4}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 th}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  ed, vol 26, para 580.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The word \'93usually\'94 indicates that the approach required is a flexible one, and the authorities ill
ustrate that its application may be influenced, either towards or away from an acceptance of the earlier decision, by circumstances so various as to be difficult to comprehend within a single concise formulation of principle\'85.\rquote 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li0\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \s2\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The injunction to judicial 
comity does not merely advance mutual politeness as between judges of the same or co-ordinate jurisdictions.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
It tends also to uphold the authority of the courts and confidence in the law by the value it places upon consistency in judicial decision-making and mutual respect between judges.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 And where questions of law, and statutory construction, are concerned the proposition that a judge who has taken one view of the law or a statute is \lquote clearly wrong\rquote 
 is one not lightly to be advanced having regard to the choices that so often confront the courts particularly in the area of statutory construction.}{\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  }{
\b0\i\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Indeed, where a serious doubt arises on the part of one judge, about the correctness of the law as stated by another, in a matter of importance, it may be desirable
 for a case to be stated to the Full Court for early resolution of the question in contention.
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14495984 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 (CF. }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Hicks}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  supra}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984  paras 73-76.)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Reddy Construction Company Limited v Pacific Gas Company Limited}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
 26 FLR 121 (Mr. Justice Dyke) a decision of our Fiji High Court while not directly sighting comity nonetheless in principle equally applies.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 The learned justice refused an application to amend an injunction as he considered himself bound by the previous ruling of a brother justice and held that successive applications 
should not be made unless circumstances had altered.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
\par 
\par The defendant applicant argues that I should re-look at this matter as my brother Justice Connors has now shifted to Lautoka and is unavailable to re-consider his original decision.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 This Court has a wi
de jurisdiction and large discretion to vary orders made on interlocutory applications. However, as a matter of practice it would be extremely unsound for any judge in the absence of changed circumstances or exceptional policy consideration to vary or dis
charge an injunction.
\par 
\par As such I believe the decision of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Tebara Transport Limited & Others v Transport Control Board}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984  judicial review No. HBJ00}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 10 of 1994 is easily distinguishable.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
That case involved matters of public interest and the delivery of bus services where the presiding judge fell ill and a dissolution of injunction was urgently required to meet public demand.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 In the instant case there is no such wide policy consideration demand for urgency or change in circumstances that might even begin to motivat
e me to shrug off the mantle of comity in preference for party convenience.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
This is especially so where that party by its own actions and tactical trial decisions has thrown away an opportunity for an early hearing on the substantive issues.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 If it had not chosen to appeal the defendant would have had its substantive decision by now.
\par 
\par Further the defendant has appealed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
In my view it would be usurping the role of the Court of Appeal for me to grant the application as made.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 
I refuse to do so.
\par 
\par The application is refused.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 I order costs against the defendant of $1,000.00.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 These are to be paid within 14 days of judgment.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 Gerard Winter
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 JUDGE}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14495984 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14495984\charrsid14495984 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7807615\charrsid14495984 At Suva
\par 6th May, 2004
\par }}