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;}\listid1797721763}}{\*\listoverridetable {\listoverride\listid409231443\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid1797721763\listoverridecount0\ls2}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid6102360\rsid11750237\rsid11937656}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6764;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI} {\author Roselyn}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2006\mo2\dy13\hr10\min17}{\revtim\yr2006\mo2\dy13\hr10\min17}{\version2}{\edmins1}{\nofpages4}{\nofwords1428}{\nofchars8143}{\*\company Judicial Department}{\nofcharsws9552}{\vern16391}}\margb720 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow0\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot11937656 \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\header \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 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\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 ACTION NO. HBC0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 185R OF 2003S}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 BETWEEN:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 KALA WATI}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 (f/n Vishnu Deo) of Mango \par Place, Naulu Housing, Nakasi, Nasinu, \par Fiji, Domestic Duties. \par PLAINTIFF \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 AND:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 KRISHNA SAMI GOUNDAR}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 (f/n Chin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Sami Goundar) of Mango Place, Naulu \par Housing, Nasinu, Fiji, Caretaker. \par DEFENDANT}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 Counsel for the Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 R. Singh: }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Kohli & Singh \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 Counsel for the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Ms M. Mua}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 : }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Messrs Khan & Co. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par Date of Ruling: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 18. 06. 2004 \par Time of Ruling}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 : }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 9.30 a.m.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11937656 RULIN}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 G \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par The Defendant is the registered lessee of the land known as Lot 24 on D.P. 7782 in the district of Naitasiri.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 It is a Housing Authority sub-lease No. 426999 with an area of 282m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 2 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The Defendant together with his first wife, one Kusum Lata, had become owners of the property i n November 1996 upon consideration of $6,802.40 paid by them to the Housing Authority.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The shares of Kusum Lata was transferred to the Defendant for the price of $3,000.00 in October 1999 following their divorce.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 A mortgage in favour of the Housing Authority was granted by the Defendant over the property in January 2000 for advances which the Defendant claims to be an amount of $50,000.00.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The money was used by the Defendant for the improvements to the one bedroom wooden dwellinghouse on the property plus t he construction of a two-bedroom concrete dwelling house adjacent to the wooden residence. \par \par The Plaintiff of Lautoka,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 arrived on the scene on 13 May 2002.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 She married the Defendant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 However, the Defendant says that the marriage was never consummated because the Plaintiff refused so to do.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Finally after 6 months, the Defendant moved into the partially completed concrete structure; the Plaintiff remained in the wooden building. \par \par On 4 November 2002, the Plaintiff lodged a caveat on the property to prevent any dealings on it and this was subsequently extended by this Court on 16 May 2003 until further orders. \par \par The Defendant then filed a Motion on 10 June 2003 for the Court Order extending the Caveat to be vacated and/or alternatively that the Registrar of Titles be ordered to cancel the Plaintiff\rquote s Caveat.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In his affidavit in support, the Defendant argued that his marriage to the Plaintiff has never been consummated because of refusal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 As a result he had filed divorce proceedings at the Nausori Magistrates\rquote Court upon this ground.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Furthermore the Defendant claims, that the property was purchased and improved upon from the moneys provided by him and his first wife, Kusum Lata, and also the loan he obtained from the Housing Authority.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 According to the Defendant, the Plaintiff had never contributed any money or resources to the improvement of the property, and that her claims are at the most vexatious, frivolous and abuse of the Court process. \par \par The Plaintiff on the other hand, is claiming that she had contributed at least $2,500.00 to the property.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 She has also helped in cooking for the labourers and had sewn the curtains to the house.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 She denies that the marriage had not been consummated and Counsel in his submission referred to the Defendant\rquote s divorce proceedings which had been dismissed by the Nausori Magistrates\rquote Court.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In that proceedings, the Plaintiff had on sworn evidence, testified that she and the Defendant were living as husband and wife and had consummated their marriage. \par \par The question for this Court to decide is whether, the Plaintiff has sufficient interest to establish a caveatable interest recognised in law, and which would legally enable her to lodge and maintain a caveat on the Defendant\rquote s property as required under section 106 of the Land Transfer Act. \par \par The facts are straight forward and self evident.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The Defendant had acquired of his own the property in question.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The Plaintiff has not contributed anything to the initial costs of the new concrete building nor to the already existing wooden structure.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Sh e is however now claiming some monetary contribution of $2500.00, which the Defendant vehemently denies, as well as other services, such as cooking for workers, and sewing of curtains, which she argue constitute her contribution to the improvement and mai ntenance of the property. \par \par What constitutes a caveatable interest was examined fully by this Court in its recent decision }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The Fiji National Provident Fund Board}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 v. }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Vivrass Holdings Ltd & Or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 . HBC 325J of 2002.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 All the Australasian cases cited (}{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Staples & Co}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 . v. }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Corby and District Land Registrar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \{1900\} 19 NZLR 517; }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Municipal District Concord}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 v. }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Coles}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 (1906) 3 CLR 96; }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Guardian Trust and Executors Co. of NZ}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 v. }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Hall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \{1938\} NZLR 1020) confirm the essential requirement to a caveatable interest namely, that it must b e based on statute and confers and estate or interest in land. \par \par Section 106 of the Land Transfer Act (Cap. 131) specifies those that may lodge a caveat as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par \par }\pard\plain \s4\ql \li720\ri720\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel3\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid11937656 \b\i\f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \'93Any person \endash \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid11750237 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\s17 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri720\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin720\lin2160\itap0\pararsid11937656 \b\i\f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 claiming to be entitled or to be beneficially interested in any land subject to the provisions of this Act, or any estate or interest therein, by virtue of any unregistered agreement or other instrument or transmission, or of any trust expressed or}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 implied, or otherwise howsoever . . . . .\'94 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par In }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Cambridge Credit (Fiji Ltd}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 . v. }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 W.F.G. Ltd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 . 2 1 FLR 182 the Fiji Court of Appeal laid down the test as a requirement, before anyone can come within the provisions of section 106.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 These are, at page 184}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11937656 \b\i\f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \'93(1)\tab That it is a person claiming to be entitled to or to be beneficially interested in any land estate or interest under the Act; and \par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid11750237 {\b0\i0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\s17 \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \fi-660\li1440\ri720\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 That it is so claiming by virtue of an unregistered agreement or transmission or any trust expressed or implied or otherwise howsoever.\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 (emphasis added) \par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid11750237 {\b0\i0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In this case, the Plaintiff claims a constructive trust giving rise to an equitable interest in the property.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 This arises, according to the Plaintiff\rquote s argument, from her contribution in cooking, cleaning and other domestic duties or chores, to the home.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Lord Diplock in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Gissing}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 v. }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Gissing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \{1971\} AC 886 defines the situation where an equitable trust may arise.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 At page 905, he states}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 :}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid11937656 \b\i\f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \'93 A resulting, implied or constructive trust \endash and it is unnecessary for the present purposes to distinguish between three classes of trust \endash is created by a transaction between the truste e and the cestui que trust in connection with the acquisition by the trustee of a legal estate in land, whenever the trustee has so conducted himself that it would be inequitable to allow him to deny to the cestui que trust a beneficial interest in the la nd acquired.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 And it would be held so to have conducted himself if by his words or conduct he has induced the cestui que trust to act to his own detriment in the reasonable belief that by so acting he was acquiring a beneficial interest in the land.\'94 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The Pl aintiff married the Defendant in May 2002.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The property was acquired by the Defendant with his first wife in November 1996, almost 6 years before.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In fact the construction of the second building, a concrete house, on the property was near completion at the time of the Defendant\rquote s marriage to the Plaintiff.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 All the financing to the new building was by the Defendant.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 The Plaintiff did not make any financial contribution to the residence.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Barely 6 months after the marriage, the Defendant filed for divorce and the Plaintiff lodged her caveat.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Although the petition was dismissed, the Plaintiff insists on keeping the caveat on the property. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par It could hardly be said on the evidence before the Court, that there exists an agreement, expressed or implied, for the Court to conclude that there was common intention between the parties for the Plaintiff to have a beneficial interest in the property.} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In the first place, she did not directly contribute in cash to the acquisition of the lease nor to the construction of the co ncrete building.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 All of these were achieved by the Defendant before the Plaintiff married him.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In my view, on the facts available and applying the summary of the principle of law stated by Lord Diplock in the }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Grissing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 case, I can find no constructive trust that will give the Plaintiff an equitable}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 interest in the Defendant\rquote s property.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 While there has been the usual contribution of a spouse in home-making, which this Court concedes can contribute, given time, to the accrual of a beneficial interest the fact that the Plaintiff had been married to the Defendant for only 6 months before lodging her caveat on the ground that she had a caveatable interest in the Defendant\rquote s property, is plainly wrong in law and in equity.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 It surely could not have been the intentio n of the Court of Equity to extend the equitable devise of a constructive trust to endow beneficial interest upon a party that had only moved into a matrimonial home, without as much as contributing in cash donation to its acquisition, not making a substa ntial and sustained efforts in her share of home-making and improvements. \par The Plaintiff remains married to the Defendant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 She has not showed, to the satisfaction of this Court that she possess an equitable interest in the land that is capable of supporting a caveat on it.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 As Gallan J noted in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 Guardian Trust and Executors Company of New Zealand Ltd}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 . (supra) \par \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid11937656 \b\i\f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \'93 It is not enough to show that the lodging and continued existence of the caveat would be in some way advantageous to the Caveator.\'94 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \f178\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 In this instance, the Plaintiff must bring herself within the provisions of S.106 of the Act.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 She failed. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 \par Order is hereby made for Caveat No. 517484 registered over Housing Authority Sub-Lease No. 426999 on land described as Lot 24 on D.P. No. 7782 to be removed by the Registrar of Titles with immediate effect. \par \par Costs in the cause.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11750237 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 F. Jitoko \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11750237 JUDGE}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656\charrsid11750237 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11937656 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11750237\charrsid11937656 At Suva \par 18 June 2004}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11937656 \par }}