{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f169\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f170\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f172\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f173\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f174\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f175\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f176\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f177\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;
\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;
\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 Normal;}{
\s2\qj \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 heading 2;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1
\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 Body Text;}{\s16\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext16 Body Text 2;}{\s17\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext17 Body Text 3;}{\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
\sbasedon0 \snext18 header;}{\*\cs19 \additive \sbasedon10 page number;}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid4589\rsid4088754\rsid4815088\rsid10883517}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6764;}{\info{\title The State v Inoke Bainivalu }{\author High Court }{\operator blake_r}
{\creatim\yr2006\mo2\dy3\hr10\min24}{\revtim\yr2006\mo2\dy3\hr10\min24}{\printim\yr2004\mo7\dy2\hr9\min32}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages4}{\nofwords1233}{\nofchars7030}{\*\company Judicial Department}{\nofcharsws8247}{\vern16391}}\margb720 
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1
\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\rsidroot4815088 \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\header 
\pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs19\insrsid4088754 PAGE  }}{\fldrslt {
\cs19\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid4088754 4}}}{\cs19\insrsid4088754 
\par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid4088754 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4815088 Cr. Action}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 HAC0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 25.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 20}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 03S}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 The State}{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 v}{\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4589 Inoke Bainivalu}{
\b\caps\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 Fiji High Court, Suva}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589 30 June, 2 July 2004}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4589 
\par Gates J
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4589 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4589 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 SENTENCE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4589 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw30\brsp20 \aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Manslaughter sections 198, 201 Penal Code Cap 17; death arising from occurrence
 of robbery with violence; death from asphyxiation after Accused left victim face down; violence meted out at lower end of scale; injuries inflicted minor, not directly causative of death; heavily inebriated victim left in vulnerable situation by Accused
\rquote s
 unlawful act, section 206(d) and (e) Penal Code; early plea of guilty to amended information; degree of culpability; robbery with violence a significant circumstance of aggravation; victim incapacitated by inebriation is in a vulnerable category requirin
g court\rquote s protection; substantial discount for plea; discount for time in custody awaiting trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589\charrsid4815088 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4589 Mr W. Kurisaqila for the State
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Ms B. Malimali for the Accused
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 [1]\tab 
The Accused originally faced an information for murder.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Subsequently the prosecution filed
 an amended information containing a single count of manslaughter, and on 24 June 2004 the Accused pleaded guilty to it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 To accommodate counsel
\rquote s other}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 commitments, I heard the facts and mitigation on 30 June 2004 and put off sentence till today.
\par 
\par [2] \tab On 14 June 2003 Rusiate Qalitasamu, a 43 year old construction worker working for Fletcher Construction, was out drinking with friends.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He drank a good deal more than was good for him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
When he left the Chequers Night Club that night and walked up Waimanu Road, Suva he did so with difficulty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
He was seen to stagger, step backwards, and to sway from side to side.
\par 
\par [3]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab The Accused had been one of those who had been drinking with Rusiate that evening and for whom Rusiate had bought drinks.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The Accused followed Ru
siate up Waimanu Rd., and the Accused told one of the security guards on duty at the Kings Hotel that he was going to follow Rusiate in order to pick his pocket.
\par 
\par [4]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab Inexplicably and shamefully, the security guard did not try to stop the Accused, nor did he do anything to protect Rusiate.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 It is clear from the statement of that security officer that he heard from the Accused himself of his dishonest intentions.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Such inaction does not reflect well on the security guard.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 His intervention might have prevented Rusiate\rquote s death that night.
\par 
\par [5]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab The Accused purported to assist Rusiate up the hill, until they reached Brewster Street in Toorak.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He admitted in interview with the police on 19 June 2003 that he intended to rob Rusiate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The Accused said he pushed the victim towards the drain.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
The victim dropped, came up again wanting to resist, whereupon the Accused kicked his face.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He fell down again and appeared to be unconscious.

\par 
\par [6] \tab The Accused looked for money in his pocket.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 There was none.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Instead he pulled off Rusiate\rquote s safety boots and took a small radio from his bag.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 This occurred at about 10 pm.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The victim\rquote 
s body was found in the morning at approximately 7 am in the same place, head down in the drain.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
He had died of asphyxiation from food particles which he had vomited up and which had then blocked the air passage.
\par 
\par [7]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab The Accused co-operated with the police and made a full confession.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Mitigating factors
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 [8]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab The Accused is a young man, who is 21 years old now.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He was 20 at the time of the offence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He was brought up by his father alone, who died in 1999.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
He was educated only up to class 5 in primary school.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He left his village in Vanua Levu in 2002 to come to Suva to look for work.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He survived in the city as a shoe shine boy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par 
\par [9]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab Through his counsel he makes apology to the family of the deceased and to the court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He says he is sorry for what happened to this man.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
He never intended the consequences of his assault.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 I accept all of that.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He has pleaded guilty to manslaughter as soon as the State was prepared to reduce the charge.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He has made a truthful admission of events that night.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
He seeks the mercy of the court.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Aggravating factors
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 [10] \tab This was a mean robbery that went wrong.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
The victim had with others bought the Accused drinks all evening, and is then repaid by the Accused by being pushed into a drain, kicked in the face, and left upside down.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He was also robbed of his boots and a radio.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par 
\par [11]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab It was an offence in which the Accused deceived the victim into thinking the Accused was out to help him.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The plan took a little time to execute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The victim, albeit the author of his own dangerously incapacitating inebriation, was then a vulnerable member of the public on the street.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The courts will seek to protect the weak even if they have been unwise or foolish .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 They are to be protected from violent predators.
\par 
\par [12]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab The Accused is not a first offender.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He has been in trouble before.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
He has 4 convictions since July 2001, the last two being for larceny from the person [bound over for 12 months] and robbery with violence [6 months imprisonment].}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 When he committed the present offence he must have been out of prison only a short time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He is already leading off in the wrong direction.
\par 
\par [13]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab A life has been lost in the course of a robbery.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Society might succeed by turning this young man away from crime now if the court imposed a community service order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 However the matter is too serious for that.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
The Accused must take responsibility for what happened that night.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 He must pay the penalty for it and serve a term of imprisonment.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Conclusion
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 [14]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab 
None of the sentencing cases on manslaughter seem quite to fit these facts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 In }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Kim Nam Bae v The State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
 (unreported) Court of Appeal, Fiji Cr. App. No. AAU0015 of 1998S, 26 February 1999, the Court of Appeal said (p.4):
\par 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4589 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \'93The 
cases demonstrate that the penalty imposed for manslaughter ranges from a suspended sentence where there may have been grave provocation to 12 years imprisonment where the degree of violence is high and provocation is minimal.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 It is important to bear in mi
nd that this range covers a very wide set of varying circumstances which attract different sentences in different manslaughter cases.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
Each case will attract the appropriate sentence within the range depending on its own facts.\'94
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par [15] \tab The violence meted out in the instant case was relatively minor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 This diminishes the degree of culpability.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The pathologist stated the injuries to the head from the kick or the fall on the road were not life threatening.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The unlawful acts were the kicking to the ground and the
 abandonment of the victim after the assault, so heavily intoxicated, face down in the drain, by the Accused\rquote s own placing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
I am satisfied that these facts fall within the definition of causation of death as set out in section 206(d) and (e) of the Penal Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
Within the tariff, I start therefore with a sentence of 2 years imprisonment.
\par 
\par [16] \tab To that must be added 3 years for the circumstances of aggravation, the accompanying robbery with violence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
The Accused is not charged with robbery with violence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 If 
he had have been, his sentence for that offence alone would have been much greater than the 3 years, perhaps in the range 6-8 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
But the robbery was an aggravating factor to the offence of manslaughter, and a significant one to be taken into account.
\par 
\par [17] \tab I add a further year to the sentence for the fact that the victim was in a vulnerable category being so incapacitated that he could not make any resistance to the Accused\rquote s assault.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par 
\par [18]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab From that 6 years sentence, I make two deductions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 For the early plea to the amended information I allow a discount of 2\'bd years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Second, he has been in custody almost 12 months.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
I therefore grant a further discount of 1\'bd years, the equivalent to the sentence he would have received for the time he has effectively served awaiting trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 The total discount amounts to 4 years in all, leaving him with a term of 2 years imprisonment to be imposed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Without these discounts the sentence would have been one of 6 years imprisonment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Ms Malimali had nonetheless put up a valiant submission with helpful case references.
\par 
\par [19]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 \tab For the single count of manslaughter the Accused is sentenced to a term of 2 years imprisonment to be served from today.
\par 
\par }\pard \s17\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4589 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 A.H.C.T. GATES
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 JUDGE
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4815088 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Solicitors for the State\tab :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4589  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10883517\charrsid4815088 Office of the Director of Public Pro
secutions, Suva
\par Solicitors for the Accused: Legal Aid Commission, Suva
\par }}