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\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090\charrsid7296090 CIVIL ACTION NO. HBC0}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 414 OF 2003
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 JOHN BEATER ENTERPRISES PTY LIMITED
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 PLAINTIFF
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 AND:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 EXPORT FREIGHT SERVICES (FIJI) LIMITED
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 DEFENDANT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par Counsel for Plaintiff:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 Mr. A. Seru
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090 Counsel for Defendant: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 Mr. J. Savou
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 EX}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090\charrsid7296090  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 TEMPORE JUDGMENT
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
Notice of Motion dated the 2nd of December 2003 the defendant seeks leave to appeal to the Fiji Court of Appeal against the Interlocutory Ruling this Court made on the 14th of November 2003 and sealed on the 27th of November 2003.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 The application is made pursuant to section 12(2)(f) of the Court of Appeal Act.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 That section provides that no appeal shall lie without the leave of the Judge or of the Court of Appeal from any interlocutory 
order or interlocutory judgment made or given by a judge of the High Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
There is no dispute that leave is in fact necessary in this matter.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
Parties have each furnished written submissions and Rony Chan on behalf of the defendant has filed an affidavit sworn 26th November 2003 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090 in support of notice of motion.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 \b\f35\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
What are the principles applicable in the granting of leave in circumstances such as this?
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par Both parties have referred the court to the decision of the then President of the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 Kelton Investments Limited v Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 [1995] FJCA 15 \endash  18th July 1995.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
In that decision his Lordship recites the law on the granting of leave and reiterates the emphasis that leave is to be carefully granted and that appeals against interlocutory orders or decisions only rarely succeed.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par 
\par The President relied upon a decision of the Supreme Court of Victoria, Australia (full court) of }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 Niemann v Electronic Industries Ltd}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672  [1978] VR 431 Judgment of Murphy J page 441 was referred to by the President and is relevant to the present application.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 At about point 10 on page 441 his honour said and I quote:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 \'93
Likewise in Perry v Smith (1901), 27 V.L.R. 66 and the Darrel Lea Case, [1969] V.R. 401, the Full Court held that leave should only
 be granted to appeal from an interlocutory judgment or order, in cases where substantial injustice is done by the judgment or order itself.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 If the order was correct, then it follows that substantial injustice could not follow.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 If the order is seen to be clearly wrong, this is not alone sufficient.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 It must be shown, in addition, to effect a substantial injustice by its operation.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 \b\i\f35\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
It appears to me that greater emphasis therefore must lie on the issue of substantial injustice directly consequent on the order.}{\i0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\i0\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
Accordingly, if the effect of the order is to change substantive rights, or finally to put an end to the action, so as to effect a substantial injustice if the order was wrong, it may more easily be seen that leave to appeal should be given.\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 \f35\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 The P
resident in Kelton Investments said at page 7 of that judgment and I}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 quote:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887 

\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090\charrsid12607672 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 \'93
If a final order or judgment is made or given and the Applicants are aggrieved they would have a right of appeal to the Court of Appeal against such order or judgment.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 Therefore, no injustice can result from refusing leave to appeal.
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
The Courts have thrown their weight against appeals from interlocutory orders or decisions for very good reasons and hence leave to appeal are not readily given.\'94 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par The President of the Fiji Court of Appeal again considered the issue in 1996 in }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
Totis Incorporated, Spor (Fiji) Limited, Richard Evanson v John Leonard Clark, John Lockwood Sellers as executors and trustees of the Estate of Michael Philip Crew}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
 [Civil Appeal ABU0035 of 1996].}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 In that decision the President said at page 15 of the judgment:
\par 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 \'93
It has long been settled law and practice that interlocutory orders and decisions will seldom be amenable to appeal.\'94
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par And at page 16 he said and I quote:
\par 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 \'93
Courts have repeatedly emphasised that appeals against interlocutory orders and decisions will only rarely succeed.
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
The Fiji Court of Appeal has consistently observed the above principle by granting leave only in the most exceptional circumstances.\'94
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par It seems to me the Fiji Court of Appeal has made patently clear the principles to apply when this court is considering an application for leave to appeal.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 Counsel for the applicant on the motion tells the Court that the substantial injustice th
at will be suffered by the defendant should leave not be granted is the delay in payment of the monies allegedly owing by the plaintiff.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 This being merely a delay is not, in my opinion, sufficient to satisfy the test that I am obliged to apply.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 As the Pr
esident said in Kelton when the final order or judgment is made or given and the applicants are aggrieved they will have a right of appeal in the Court of Appeal against such order or judgment.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 Therefore in my opinion no injustice can result in refusing leave to appeal.
\par 
\par Relying on the affidavit of Mr. Chan, the written submissions of the parties and the oral submission given to me today I cannot be satisfied that the applicants suffer irreparable harm should leave not be granted and accordingly I propose
 to refuse the application.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 I therefore make the following orders:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 Application for leave be refused.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887 
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7296090\charrsid12607672 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s17 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \s17\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 The applicant to pay the respondent costs in the sum of $250.00.
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 
\par }\pard \s17\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7296090 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 [ John Connors ]
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid12607672 JUDGE
\par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12607672 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10970887\charrsid7296090 
\par At Suva
\par 14th January, 2004
\par }}