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{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author win}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2005\mo12\dy13\hr7\min47}{\revtim\yr2005\mo12\dy13\hr8\min46}{\printim\yr2000\mo5\dy2\hr22\min10}{\version4}{\edmins3}{\nofpages5}{\nofwords2063}{\nofchars11764}
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain 
\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 CIVIL ACTION NO.: HBC}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892\charrsid5469892 0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 283 OF 2002
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 BETWEEN:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 KENNETH A.J. ROBERTS
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 PLAINTIFF
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 AND:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 ROSALIA L. CHUTE and ANOTHER
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 DEFENDANT/APPLICANT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid7629077 Mr. S. Matawalu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892  for Plaintiff
\par }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid7629077 Mr. D. Sharma}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892  for Defendant/Applicant
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 BACKGROUND:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The parties were married on 26th September 1996.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
They have one son Benjamin Allan John Roberts.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The child was born 4th October 1990.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 A Decree Nisi was pronounced on 1st November 2001 on husband\rquote s petition on grounds of wife\rquote s adultery.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 A decree absolute was made on 21st December 2001.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The learned Magistrate who dealt with the divorce transferred the issue of matrimonial property to be finalized by the High Court.
\par 
\par This led to the applicant filing an originating summons seeking equal interest in seven different items of real property and in six companies.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The parties filed their affidavits but because of the contentious nature of proceedings and disputes as to material facts oral evidence was called.
\par 
\par Divorce is invariably a sensitive matter.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The parties have taken considerable time to file their submissions.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Delay in divorce matters is highly undesirable as until the litigation including property matters are finally concluded, it is difficult for parties to make a transition from married life to an independent one.
\par 
\par In }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid6493058 White v. White}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892  - 2000 1 ALL ER 1 the House of Lords made the following pertinent remarks as follows}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5469892 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 \'93
Divorce creates many problems.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 One question always arises.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It concerns how the property of the husband and wife should be divided and whether one of them should continue to support the other.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  
}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Stated in the most general terms the answer is obvious.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Every one would accept that the outcome on these matters, whether by agreement or court order, should be fair, more realistically, the outcome ought to be as fair as it possible in the circumstances.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }
{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 But every one\rquote s life is different.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Features which are important when discussing fairness differ in each case.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 And sometimes
 different minds can reach different conclusions on what fairness requires.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Then fairness like beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder.\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par One has to be objectively fair having regards to the relationship which existed prior to the divorce.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Sections 86 and 87 the Matrimonial Causes Act are the relevant statutory provisions in relation to settlement of property matters.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Section 86(1) gives the court wide discretionary powers to make }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 \'93such a settlement of property \'85 as the court considers just and equitable in the circumstances of the case\'94}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
These sections give the court powers to determine how a property or properties of both parties are to be divided.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The object which the above provision aims to achieve is for a court to produce whether by agreement of parties or by its own order an outcome that is fair to both parties.
\par 
\par Section 86(1) was considered by the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid7608880 Protima Devi v. Rajeshwar Singh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892  \endash 
 Civil Appeal 29 of 1985 which at page 3 said that }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 \'93despite the absence of any refe
rence in its text to contributions by the spouses, such may properly be taken into account of in exercise of the discretion to order a settlement\'94}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 .}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par Contribution is widely construed so it encompasses not only monetary contributions but also contributions like looking after the children or doing household duties.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 A homemaker\rquote s contribution is no less than that of a salary earner.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 They are both equally valuable to a relationship of marriage.
\par 
\par In the context of this case I shall look at the pre-marital acquisitions and post-marital acquisitions of property.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
For purposes of the exercise I shall take January 1988 as the cut off date as that is when the parties began their relationship albeit a de}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413737  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 facto one.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 They had a child born on 4th October 1990.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The legal marriage took place on 26th September 1996.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 There was no break in relationship in the transition from de}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8413737  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
facto relation to a legal one except for one of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 a ten-month period.
\par 
\par The applicant it appears owned no real properties when she began the relationship.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She 
also explained that prior to their commencement of relationship the respondent owned certain properties namely}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (1) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
A residential property at Smith Drive, Lami.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
It was acquired by the respondent in 1973 and was in a run down condition in 1988 after some tenants had moved out.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Some improvements were made to it and the parties lived there till 1994.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It had been fully paid off by 1988.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It cannot be considered a matrimonial property.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (2) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
An eight-acre property at Navua held in the name of Bialoa Limited which was a company incorporated in 1980.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The shareholders are Rim Holdings Limited and Susan Elizabeth East.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Rim Holdings Limited is a company incorporated in 1980.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It is vacant land generating no income and incurring little expenditure.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It was purchased well before the relationship and I find it is exclusively respondent\rquote s property.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (3) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
There is a property in Queensland, Australia purchased in 1978.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It too generates no income.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Again I find it is pre-marital acquisition to which the applicant is not entitled.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par As far as other properties are concerned the applicant\rquote s main submission is that these were accumulated during the course of their relationship when she worked for company called Makosoi Products Limited which she alleges is a family company.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She says she helped the company expand its business.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She alleges that the assets were acquired using funds generated by her efforts through Makosoi Products Limited.
\par 
\par The respondent submits that the applicant was paid for her efforts in Makosoi.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She was paid a salary of $18,000.00 per annum.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He also submits that the applicant was more of a liability in spending her time and money to the detriment of Makosoi.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She made no financial contribution to the acquisition of any property and that the marriag
e was entered into to protect the interest of the only child.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 In other words the respondent is saying that applicant\rquote 
s role in Makosoi was only ornamental and peripheral to making success of the business.
\par 
\par Since Makosoi Products Limited has featured so strongly in the case a word or two about this company are warranted.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
A search of the company done on 31st October 2001 shows it was incorporated on 13th November 1980.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The shareholders were Rim Holdings Limited, the applicant, the respondent, Coconut Limited Westco Secretaries Limited and Wilson Fred Tigarea.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It is therefore not strictly a family company as entities other than the parties here are shareholders.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Both the applicant and the respondent were directors of the company.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Search shows she resigned on 13th April 2000.
\par 
\par According to the applicant the following properties were purchased by funds generated by Makosoi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (1) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
1 Isa Lei Drive, Lami for $275,000.00 registered in the name of Rosewood Limited.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
A search of Rosewood shows the parties are shareholders.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
It also shows there is a mortgage dated 15th May 1995 securing advances in the sum of $193,500.00.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (2) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
150 acres native land on Gau Island for $27,000.00.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It is registered in the name of Kiama Limit
ed whose directors are the two parties but the shareholders are two solicitors.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
There is a collateral mortgage dated 1st September 1999 securing $200,000.00 in favour of Bank of Hawaii.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
This property was bought to supply coconut oil to Makosoi for manufacture of its products.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (3) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Lot 26 Wailada Subdivision purchased in 1991 by Makosoi.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 A two-storey factory premises is located on this land.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It was purchased by obtaining a loan from Bank of Hawaii and not too long after the relationship began.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (4) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 A motor v
ehicle BMW registered number DE 885 bought on 23rd January 1998.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The registration shows it is registered in the name of Jans Rental Limited so it may be on a hire purchase.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (5) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
A Nissan pathfinder registration number CZ 332 in 1996 used by the respondent.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8413737 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11691753 (6) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
A car CV 295 bought for $12,000.00 in 1996 and used by her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It was taken away by the respondent and sold.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The respondent says the car was meant for sales person for Makosoi.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 If it was meant for a sales person then why was it sold.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
There is no evidence of a replacement vehicle being bought.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
I find that this car was meant for her exclusive use because of her status as a wife.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par Makosoi was a company incorporated in 1980.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 According to the respondent in 1982 it developed technology to manufacture 100 perce
nt pure coconut soap distributed to tourist plants locally and also exported to Australia, United Kingdom, New Zealand and North America.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 So on the basis of this undisputed piece of evidence, the infrastructure both for production and export was in place long before the applicant arrived on the scene.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The respondent had since 1965 been associated with Cope-Allman International Limited a company dealing in soap and biscuit manufacturing so this type of activity was not foreign to the respondent.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He was the Managing Director of Cope Allman in Fiji from 1969 to 1981.
\par 
\par The applicant said she took over the management role from 1990 in Makosoi and extended the business.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The respondent she said worked full time for Fiji Employers Association.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She suggested that her
 contribution to the success of the business was pivotal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The respondent on the other hand says though he is employed by Fiji Employees Association, he spends an hour or two in the mornings with the company after dropping his son at school.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 If needed, he also goes back in the afternoon and this is how he operated all the time.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He has also kept a telephone at his place of work for him to be accessible if needed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I believe the respondent on this as with his experience in the industry he was able to put in place a system which did not require his constant supervision.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
The applicant in fact was away working for Diners Club for ten months at one time so her role cannot be significant or instrumental to success of the business.
\par 
\par I listened to the two parties very carefully.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I am aware that both of them have a great deal at stake in these proceedings.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The respondent\rquote s credentials Defence Exhibit 1 are self-speaking.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He had been by experience saturated in the business of oil and soap.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He had the company put in place; he had the factory going and sales and exports set up.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He appeared as an intelligent, self- assured, controlled and disciplined person, confident of his abilities as a businessman.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He spoke coherently and confidently.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I bel
ieve him when he says that he earned $62,500.00 from his employment and ploughed this money into Makosoi.
\par 
\par Opposed to him was the applicant who alleged that she was the driving force in the success of the business.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
I do not consider this to be true.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The person in charge of finances was the respondent.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
He in fact dismissed her thrice for being financially undisciplined in trying to bulldoze ideas which were unworkable because of expenses involved.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He had been in such business and would therefore be knowledgeable about such matters.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 The applicant appeared to me as an erratic person, intelligent but undisciplined.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She described the respondent as a }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 \'93control freak\'94}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
In matters of business he probably was as he wanted the company to run accordingly to set plans in an organized way for it to succeed.
\par 
\par The success of this company is due largely if not wholly to the respondent.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Having said that it must still be remembered that she was given 100,000 shares in the company whether she paid for it or not is really immaterial.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I am of the view she was given these shares because the parties were married and a benevolent recognition of whatever little contribution she made.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I do not believe she was holding these shares in trust for the son as there is no evidence of this.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 These shares are lawfully hers.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 There would be no need for her to hold on trust.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
They could be put in son\rquote s name.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I note in case of Rim Holdings Limited the son held 100 shares in his own name.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 As for her contributions to the company, she was getting paid $18,000.00 per annum which was quite adequate.
\par 
\par The respondent gave her credit where it was due.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 He acknowledged that the applicant was very good with people.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 However she had problems with drinking which did not help her at her work.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 In fact she admitted going out to parties while the husband and the son stayed home.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 It appears that the relationship between the two was an unsteady one.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Even before 1994 she had gone away once for ten months and worked for Diners Club.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 In the year 2000 she admitted to going to Sri Lanka with the co-respondent who did not take his wife with him.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 At the beginning of cross-examination she would not admit that she was living with the co-respondent but it is obvious that she is.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I got a very distinct feeling that both the sanctity and stability of marriage did not matter great deal to her.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 Her partying and drinks were more important to her than her family.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 I am not saying this by way of any criticism because people are infinitely different with varying likes and dislikes.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 She appears to be of an outgoing vivacious nature which was not at the time agreeable to a steady relationship.
\par 
\par Given the applicant was paid $18,000.00 annually, the fact that she was given 100,000 shares in Makosoi an already well established company and whatever ev
idence is points to a volatile relationship, I am of the view that the 100,000 shares in Makosoi and use of car CV 295 express more than adequately her contributions to this relationship and what the parties intended should be her total interest in the pr
operties.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
I therefore hold that the applicant is entitled to only a car of value equivalent to CV 295 and value of her shares in Makosoi.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5469892  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
Beyond that, in the circumstances of this marriage it would be unjust to declare any of the other properties as matrimonial properties.
\par 
\par With this remarks I hope the parties can sit down and work out a reasonable sum for settlement acceptable to both parties.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8545109 [ Jiten Singh }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 ]
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5469892 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid5469892 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3361615\charrsid8413737 At Suva
\par 8th July 2004
\par }}