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{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2006\mo2\dy14\hr8\min23}{\revtim\yr2006\mo2\dy14\hr8\min23}{\printim\yr2004\mo4\dy22\hr14\min58}{\version2}{\edmins1}{\nofpages9}{\nofwords2890}{\nofchars16474}{\*\company Judicial Department}{\nofcharsws19326}{\vern16391}}
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 CIVIL ACTION}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 NO. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 HBC0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 302 OF 1997
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Between:
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 SAFAIRA ULUINACEVA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 NATIONAL MBf FINANCE LIMITED
\par DAYA SINGH}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  s/o Ram Chandra and
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 CHANG MUNG}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  both of Suva trading under
\par name and style of Chevy Motors
\par Defendants
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par Mr. S. Chandra for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. I. Fa for the 1st Defendant
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In this action the plaintiff claims against the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 first defendant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 D1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 ) the sum of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $19,600.00 (Nineteen thousand six hundred dollars}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 ) being made up as follows: depos
it of $8500.00, 12 months payment amounting to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $8,100.48}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  at $675.04 per month and general damages and loss of use $900.00.}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The plaintiff also claims interest and costs of this action.
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s1\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Background facts
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par Most of the background facts surrounding this case are not in dispute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 These facts are well set out in the plaintiff\rquote s counsel\rquote 
s written submission and they are as follows:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 On or about 13}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
th}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  October 1994 the Plaintiff became interested to purchase motor vehicle No. CL744 and paid a holding deposit of $300.00 (Three hundred dollars) to the 2}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant (Chevy Motors) in respect of the motor vehicle (hereinafter called \'93the vehicle\'94
) from sale and secure the same until payment of full purchase price from 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 On about 28}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 th}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  October 1994 the Plaintiff purchased the vehicle from the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendants and the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendant agreed to finance the purchase of the vehicle on a Hire Purchase Agreement dated the same day.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 This action of }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 1}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  required that it had to purchase the vehicle from the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 2}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendants}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  and }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 as owner}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  then enter into a Hire Purchase Agreement with the Plaintiff as the hirer.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The Plaintiff upon request by the 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendant deposited with it a sum of $8,500.00 (Eight thousand five hundred dollars) being her share of the contribution towards the purchase.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendant then paid the full sum of $24,500.00 (Twenty four thousand and five hundred dollars) directly to the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendants to obtain the release of the vehicle for the Plaintiff.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The Hire Purchase Agreement of }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 28}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 th}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  October 1994}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (hereinafter referred to as the \'93}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 agreemen}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 t\'94
) covered a balance of $16,000.00 (Sixteen thousand dollars) together with insurance and financial charges (including interest) of $8,301.37 making a total of}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  $24,301.37}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (Twenty four thousand three hundred one dollars and thirty seven cents) which was to be paid by the Plaintiff by regular monthly instalment of}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  $675.04}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  over a period of 3 (three) years under the agreement.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It transpired later that the vehicle was under a Bill of Sale to Fiji National Provident Fund.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 This Bill of Sale was registered prior to the agreement.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
By virtue of the High Court Action No. 197/95 instituted by FNPF it seized the vehicle from the Plaintiff.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The Plaintiff lost the vehicle that she purchased from the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendants on Hire Purchase Agreement from the 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par The other agreed facts are that the first defendant obtained a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Hire Purchase Agreement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (the \lquote }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 agreement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \rquote ) from the plaintiff to secure its finance and a guarantee in its favour from the plaintiff\rquote 
s husband Josaia Uluinaceva over the said vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The first defendant paid the full purchase price to the second defendant less $300 which was paid by the plaintiff to the second defendant.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Issues for determination
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par In the Pre-trial Conference Minutes filed herein are set out numerous}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 matters for determination.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Plaintiff\rquote s submissions
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par The learned counsel for the plaintiff submits that the plaintiff approached the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 first defendant (D1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 to finance the purchase of the vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 To obtain Hire Purchase Agreement over the vehicle D
1 requested the plaintiff to deposit the sum of $8,500 which she did.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Then D1 released the balance sum of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $24,200.00}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  directly to the second defendant }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 (D2)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 .
\par 
\par Counsel submits that }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 D1 failed to do searches}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  for prior encumbrances at the Land Transport Authorit
y, Registrar of Deeds, Merchant Bank of Fiji and the Credit Corporation of Fiji Ltd. as a normal practice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
A search at the Registrar of Titles would have revealed that there was a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Bill of Sale No. 4112/95}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 registered in the name of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Fiji National Provident Fund}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 .
\par 
\par Counsel says that the evidence reveals that no search was done and that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 D1\rquote 
s witness said that it was not the practice of the bank to search at these places mentioned before obtaining a Hire Purchase Agreement when the transaction occurred.
\par 
\par At the time of the execution of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Hire Purchase}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Agreement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (the \lquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 agreement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \rquote ) on }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 28 October 1994}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  there existed a Bill of Sale properly given to FNPF.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The D1\rquote s witness }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Kishore Goundar}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 stated that although there is no record of any search having been done in this case, the D1 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 now}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 does all the necessary searches.
\par 
\par It is the plaintiff\rquote s submission that D1 did not seriously take \lquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 duty of care and procedure involved}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \rquote 
 in obtaining a proper secured Hire Purchase Agreement over the vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The vehicle was not properly transferred to D1.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Counsel said that D1 being a Bank as lender could have reasonably foreseen in the circumstances that due to its carelessness, the borrower could lose the motor vehicle which it did.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In support of his argument counsel referred the Court to the Court of Appeal case of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
ANZ Banking Group Ltd v Merchant Bank of Fiji}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  40 F.L.R. 266 (1994).
\par 
\par On loss of use of vehicle, counsel submitted that the plaintiff was suddenly left without a vehicle; she did not know that the vehicle was encumbered by Bill of Sale to FNPF.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 As a result she has lost the deposit paid by her }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 12 months monthly repayments to D1.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 She is claiming loss of use at the rate of $30 per day for 30 days making a total of $900.00.
\par 
\par Counsel submits that D1\rquote s counterclaim be dismissed as in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 High Court Action No. HBC 464/95}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 the Court gave judgment against D2 (Daya Singh \endash  the 3}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 rd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 defendant in that action) but not against the Plaintiff who was the second defendant in that action.
\par 
\par Mr. Chandra says that the plaintiff is entitled to a refund of the deposit of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $8500.00}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 with interest from the date of deposit; refund of repayments in the sum of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $8,100.48}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 with interest from the date of seizure; general damages and loss of use }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $900.00}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  and costs of this action.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 First Defendant\rquote s submission
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Mr. Fa for 
the first defendant submitted that the Bill of Sale was given by one Charlie Yee aka Chang Ming was unknown to both the plaintiff and D1.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
He said that D1 had done an ownership search and vehicle search at the Land Transport Authority and found no encumbrance over the vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The D1 then proceeded to pay D2 the purchase price for the vehicle and have it registered in its name }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 as owner}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 .
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par Counsel submits that because there was a contractual relationship between D1 and the Plaintiff the former cannot be liable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The D1 obtained from D2 an indemnity in the event title was in dispute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
In this regard he submits that the parties are bound by their agreement contained in the Hire Purchase Agreement dated 28 October 1994.
\par 
\par In his submission Mr. Fa referred the Court to clauses 6 and 15 of the Agreement and argued as follows (in his own words):
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \'93
The Agreement clearly establish that liability in relation to a defect in title or not being of merchantable quality or not being fit for purpose are not those of the owner but those of the hirer.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Further the Hirer also declares that they have inspected the vehicle.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
This is evidence that the hirer has made his or her inquiries in relation to the vehicle and placed no reliance whatsoever on the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It was also proved i
n evidence that the Plaintiff in choosing to purchase this particular vehicle from the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendant at no time sought the advice of the Plaintiff (should be D1) or relied on the Plaintiff (should be D1) in any manner or form for advice or guidance.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In fact it was established and became clear during the proceedings that the Plaintiff had chosen the car from the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd
}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant and had done its deal with the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendant.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It only came to the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant solely for the purpose of obtaining finance.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Some of t
hose terms are set out above.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
They include the fact that the hirer had inspected the vehicle and was buying through its own free will and decision making process and that the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant would not be liable for any defect in title.\'94
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par Mr. Fa further submits:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \'93The Plaintiff argues that the 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant owed the Plaintiff a duty of care.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The facts do not support this.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant is a finance provider and nothing else.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It has done its part by providing the relevant finance.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The Plaintiff is a businesswoman and had the resources to engage a lawyer to act on her behalf but she didn\rquote t.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant is not a professional adviser and at no time warranted or represented to the Plaintiff that it was.}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The Plaintiff cannot now impute negligence on the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant for its own negligence and shortcomings.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
We submit that a duty of care is not owed as this is a contractual situation and the parties obligations to each other are set out in the agreement.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
For these reasons counsel says that the plaintiff\rquote s claims ought to be dismissed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
He says that the real culprit in this matter is the second defendant who represented that the motor vehicle was free from encumbrances.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
He says:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant has no relationship with the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In fact it is the P
laintiff who has the relationship with the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant as it is the one who brought the 2}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant to the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant after having done a deal with him.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The fact of the matter is the 2}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant lied to the Plaintiff and then subsequently to the 1}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In this regard the 1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 Defendant surely cannot be held liable.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Finally we would like to point out to the Court that at the hearing, the Plaintiff did not prove any claim for damages or loss.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
It did not lead any evidence in this regard.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Determination of the issues
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par The circumstances leading to the Agreement being executed have been outlined hereabove.
\par 
\par The facts as I find them to be as derived from the evidence, the documents tendered to Court and the said }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 High Court Civil Action No. HBC0464/95S}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (between National MBF Finance Fiji Ltd (plaintiff) AND}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Chevy Motors }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 (1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant),}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Mrs. Safaira Uluinaceva (2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  defendant), }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Daya Singh}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  f/n Ram Chandar &}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Chang Mung}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (3}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 rd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant) are stated hereunder.
\par 
\par In the said C.A. 464/95 the D1 (in the present action) obtained judgment against D2 (in the present action) but no judgment was given against the plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Hence the plaintiff in this case was not made liable and she was absolved from all liability.
\par 
\par The Court was in 464/95 dealing with the same transaction which is the subject- matter of the present case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The judgment was given for $24,640 against the first defendant in that action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Therefore the D1 (in the present action) is entitled to recover the said sum from the said 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  and 3}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 rd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  defendants in that action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 How the judgment sum is made up is stated as follows in the judgment at page 4:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \'93
The first relief claimed by the Plaintiff is judgment for $24,301.37 (inclusive of interest at the rate of 13% p.a.) \'93as the sum advanced by the Plaintiff to the 2}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 nd}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  Defendant under a financing agreement for the purchase of the said vehicle\'94.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 That is not a sum advanced by the Plaintiff to the Second Defendant.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 That was the sum required to be paid under the hire purchase agreement by the second Defendant over a period of 3 years.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In practical terms the sum \lquote advanced\rquote  to the second Defendant was $16,000 being the cash price of $24,500. Less a deposit of $8,500 paid by the Second Defendant.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Finance (including interest at a flat rate of 13% p.a.) and insurance charges of $
8,301.37 were added to make the total payment of $24,301.37 payable by the Second Defendant.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The indemnity (Exhibit A) given by the First Defendant does not indemnify the Plaintiff for payment of this sum by the Second Defendant.\'94
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It is clear that part of
 the judgment debt includes $8,500 deposit paid by the plaintiff in the present action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
This amount should actually be paid out to the plaintiff because she has lost the vehicle through no fault of her own.
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par Furthermore, it is clear on the evidence, looking at the judgment, it was the first defendant in the present action which purchased the vehicle from the second defendant although the purchase was negotiated by the plaintiff herself.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The judgment at p2 states: 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 \b\i\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \'93
The Second Defendant agreed to purchase a Toyota Wagon CL744 from the First Defendant and the Plaintiff agreed to finance the purchase by the Second Defendant on hire purchase.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 This required the Plaintiff to purchase the vehicle from the First Defendant and then, as owner, to enter into a hire purchase agreement with the Second Defendant as hirer.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The First Defendant, in consideration of the purchase price of $24,200 paid to it by the Plaintiff, gave the Plaintiff a written indemnity against losses it may suffer.\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par So, it was the D2 in this action who gave a written indemnity to D1 in this action \lquote against losses it may suffer\rquote .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
It was then that D1 entered into the Hire Purchase Agreement with the plaintiff.
\par 
\par The situation boils down to this that the D1 was the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 owner}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
of the vehicle and not the plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Therefore before it became the owner it should have caused the necessary search to be done to see that the vehicle was free from all encumbrance despite whatever assurance the 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 st}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  and 3}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 rd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
 defendants in that action gave to the D1 in that regard.
\par 
\par It is also borne out from the judgment at pages 2-3 that the vehicle was subject to a bill of sale to FNPF where in Suva High Court Action }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 197/1995}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  against D1 (in this action) orders prevented D1 from dealing with the vehicle and required it to hand over the vehicle to FNPF.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The judgment said that \'93}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 the plaintiff therefore lost the vehicle that it had}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 purchased from the first defendant and also lost the benefit of the hire purchase agreement entered into with the second defendant.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \'94
\par 
\par Although the plaintiff negotiated the purchase of the vehicle from D2 and paid a deposit of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $300}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  to them,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 the bulk of the finance was arranged with D1.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 D1 also wanted the plaintiff to pay a deposit of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $8500 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
which she did.
\par 
\par It is clear from the evidence, that D1 did not do any search to ascertain if the vehicle was free from encumbrances.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 If D1 had searched at }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Registrar of Titles}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  and other places referred to above it would have revealed that there was a }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Bill of Sale No. 4112/95}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  registered in the name of Fiji National Provident Fund.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 If }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
it did a search, which it did not on the evidence, it did not discover any encumbrance, which cannot be so.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The witness for D1 is saying that }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 now}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  it does searches which shows that it has learnt from its mistakes.
\par 
\par As an institution which lends money it was incumbent on D1 to seek legal advice to protect its interests.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The normal and proper practice is that a lending Bank and in this case it was the owner of the vehicle should obtain a proper Certificate from its solicitors after search before moneys are advanced even if a borrower (in this case the \'93hirer\'94
) has or has not a solicitor }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 acting for him or her}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It was stated by the Court of Appeal in the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Merchant Bank of Fiji}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  case (supra) that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \'93We understand that it is usual for those who buy second hand vehicles }{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 or lend money}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
to the owners on the security of their vehicles to search the register of bills of sale\'94.}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri720\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
In the circumstances of this case the plaintiff never became the registered owner of the vehicle as the Bill of Sale was registered earlier which was not discharged before the execution of the Hire Purchase Agreement.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 In fact, there is no evidence that there is statutory provision for the registration of hire purchase agreement.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Here the facts are quite simple, that is, that at the time of entering i
nto a hire purchase agreement there was already a registered Bill of Sale over the said vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
Not having done any search neither the plaintiff nor the defendant were aware of the encumbrance to prevent a dealing with the said vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Defendant\rquote s count
erclaim
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par In the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Amended Counter-claim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  the D1 stresses the point that the plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \lquote }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
should have done a vehicle search upon receipt of the quotation dated 13 October 1994 from the seller before agreeing to purchase the said vehicle}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \rquote .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 It further says that that there was no obligation on the part of D1 under the agreement to do a vehicle search.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
This amounted to negligence on the part of the plaintiff resulting in the re-possession of the vehicle by FNPF which was the holder of the Bill of Sale over the said vehicle.
\par 
\par I have considered D1\rquote s counterclaim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
In the light of my findings of fact I see no merit in its claim as the Court in C.A. 464/95 did not find the plaintiff liable at all and as there was no judgment against her in this transaction.
\par 
\par The D1 claimed under the Counterclaim payment by the plaintiff of the balance of $8009.52 allegedly due under the agreement together with interest thereon.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 The said $8009.52 is made up of the purchase price of $24,500.00 less $8000.00 which comes to $16,500.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 From this is deducted $8100.48 being payments made over a period of 12 months leaving the said balance of $8009.52.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Conclusion
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par In view of what I have stated hereabove, in the light of the said civil action and on the other evidence, the first defendant\rquote s counsel\rquote s submission do not hold any water, inter alia, in regard to his argument on \lquote indemnity\rquote 
 and clauses 15 and 16 of the agreement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 I see no merit whatsoever in his arguments.
\par 
\par I find that there was negligence on the part of the first defendant in not looking after the interest of the purchaser.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
It went ahead and purchased the vehicle for itself without doing any search.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
The search would have certainly revealed that there was a registered Bill of Sale in favour of FNPF.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Consequently, the plaintiff suffered ba
dly not only by losing the vehicle as it was taken away from her through a Court Order but lost the deposits and the payments she made to the first defendant over a short period of time.
\par 
\par All this happened through negligence on the part of the first defendant which owed a duty of care to the plaintiff.
\par 
\par In this case it is clear on the evidence that the plaintiff has lost the deposit of the said sum of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $8500.00}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 eight thousand five hundred dollars}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 ).
\par 
\par She has also lost the sum of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $8100.48}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
eight thousand one hundred dollars and forty-eight cents}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 ) being repayment at the rate of $675.04 per month for 12 months as a result of the seizure of the vehicle by FNPF.
\par 
\par Because of the seizure of the vehicle the plaintiff had lost the use of her vehicle in her business for 30 days at the rate of $30.00 per day amounting to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 $900.00}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660  (nine hundred dollars) by way of general damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
This is the amount which the plaintiff is claiming.
\par 
\par For the reasons given the defendant\rquote s (D1\rquote s) counte}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 rclaim is dismissed with costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par 
\par In the outcome, for these reasons the plaintiff succeeds in her claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
I therefore enter judgment for the plaintiff against the first defendant as follows:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Depos}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 it paid to defendant\tab \tab \tab \tab 8500.00}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Interest thereon }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 from the date of deposit 
\par to date of this judgment at the rate of 6% p.a.
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 (to be calculated)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Repayment under Agreement for 12 months.\tab \tab 8100.00
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Interest thereon from the date of seizure

\par (5.10.95) to date of this judgment at the rate
\par of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660  6% p.a. (to be calculated).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 General damages for loss of use of vehicle\tab \tab  900.00
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 for business f}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
or 30 days at $30.00 per day.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par The costs on the claim and counterclaim are to be taxed unless agreed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 D. Pathik
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 Judge}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9465660 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660 At Suva}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9465660\charrsid9465660 
\par 23 April 2004
\par }}