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{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author win}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2005\mo12\dy7\hr17\min56}{\revtim\yr2005\mo12\dy7\hr17\min56}{\printim\yr2000\mo1\dy27\hr22\min5}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages4}{\nofwords1334}{\nofchars7605}
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\cs17\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid4027114 4}}}{\cs17\insrsid4027114 
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\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 
\f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254\charrsid7216254 JUDICIAL REVIEW
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254\charrsid7216254 ACTION NO.: HBJ000}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 
5 OF 2003
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 BETWEEN:
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 THE STATE}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448\charrsid7216254 

\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 v.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 THE NATIVE RESERVES COMMISSION
\par THE NATIVE LAND TRUST BOARD
\par THE NATIVE LANDS COMMISSION
\par THE REGISTRAR OF TITLES
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 RESPONDENTS
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 EX-PARTE}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254 : }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 MANOA RATINAISIWA
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 APPLICANT
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Mr. N. Nawaikula \tab \tab -\tab For the Plaintiff
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 Mr. D. Dalituicama \tab \tab -\tab For the 1st and 2nd Defendants
\par Mr. S. Banuve with\tab \}\tab -\tab For the 3rd and
\par Ms}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448\charrsid7216254  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 M. Lord\tab \tab \}\tab \tab 4th Defendants
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5180448 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 This is an application for judicial review of decision of the first res
pondent made on 20th November 2002 to give ownership of 368 acres of land NLC Lot 13, Map Ref. E/5, 4 and F/1, 3 to Yavusa Yanawai.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The land is in Dawara, Vanualevu.
\par 
\par The applicant is seeking seventeen declarations or orders.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 In essence the applicant is sa
ying that there was a breach of natural justice, that the first defendant took irrelevant matters into account, the decision is unreasonable and there is veiled suggestion that the 1st respondent acted ultra vires.
\par 
\par The application concerns a piece of native land being NLC Lot 13 on Map E/5, 4 and F/1, 3.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 It is annexure MR2 in plaintiff\rquote 
s affidavit.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The Register of Native Lands shows that the Mataqali Navisoi of the Yavusa Yanawai is the proprietary unit owning this land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The Mataqali Navisoi at some stage became extinct so the subject land reverted to the State under the provisions of section 19 of the Native Land Trust Act.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 It is convenient at this stage to set out Section 19(1) in full.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
It reads:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 \'93If any mataqali shall cease to exist by the extinction of
 its members its land shall fall to the Crown as ultimus haeres to be allotted to the qali of which it was a part or other division of the people which may apply for the same or to be retained by the Crown or dealt with otherwise upon such terms as the Bo
ard may deem expedient.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5180448 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
\par It appears from plaintiff\rquote s affidavit that upon Mataqali Navisoi becoming extinct, there were customary dealings with the land by the chiefs in the area.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Customary dealings are recognized by Section 3 of Native Lands Act but only in respect of native lands.
\par 
\par Counsels could not inform me under what powers the chiefs dealt with the land, the land having reverted to the State and one would expect only the State to be able to legally deal with the land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 However nothing much turns on that fact as these customary dealings were given legal recognition.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 An extract from NLC register (MR3) shows the Native Lands Commission on 29th May 1962 recommended that the land be reserved for Yavusa Naisamuwaqa.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The President acting under the powers confe
rred upon him by Section 18 of the Native Land Trust Act by proclamation dated 4th May 1992 set the land aside for use, maintenance and support of Yavusa Naisamuwaqa.
\par 
\par The controversy in this case is whether this proclamation had vested the customary ownership as the applicant alleges or only the usage rights in the applicant Yavusa as the respondents allege.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The applicant says that since customary ownership had passed to Yavusa Naisamuwaqa the 1st respondent could not have dealt with the land.
\par 
\par On 10th November 2002 a notice appeared in the Fiji Times notifying all that a formal enquiry into claims for allotment of extinct mataqali lands will be conducted at Dawara, Wailevu West.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The applicant was aware of this meeting.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
After the enquiry on 20th November 2002, the first respondent decided to assign the customary ownership of the land to Yavusa Yanawai.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
It is this assignment of land to Yavusa Yanawai which is the source of controversy in this case.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 FAIRNESS:
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The applicant alleges that the first respondent acted in breach of natural justice in that the applicant\rquote 
s views were not heard even though their rights in the subject land were at issue.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
I agree that the applicant had the right to be heard.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The applicants knew of the meeting of 20th November 2002.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 However, he elected not to attend.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The opportunity was offered; it was not taken.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Counsel for applicant told the court that the applicant did not attend but wanted a postponement.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
If the applicant wanted his views taken into consideration, it was for him to be present at the meeting and put his views forward.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
This ground has no substance.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 OWNERSHIP OR USAGE RIGHTS ONLY PASS ON PROCLAMATION:
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 On 4th May 1992 the President acting under powers conferred upon him under Section 18 of the Native Land Trust Act }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
\'93set aside for the use of maintenance and support\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448  for the applicant the 368 acres of land in issue here.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The applicant submits that the effect of the proclamation is it confers ownership rights to the land as well.
\par 
\par Section 18 is designed to achieve important social objective in ensuring that members of a mataqali do not have their livelihood affected because of shortage of land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Often members of mataqali do not have the financial resources to buy land for themselves nor do they often have the education and expertise to compete in the modern urban life.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 For them living off the land is the essence of their life and means of survival.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 This section ensures that they are able to continue to live adequately from the land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The section empowers the President to provide sufficient land without any expense to the mataqali.
\par 
\par The President can only make the proclamation in respect of Crown land or purchase of land for such purpose.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The Crown land in respect of which the proclamation was made was one which had reverted to the Crown as }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 \'93ultimus}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448  }
{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 haeres\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 .}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Section 18 further says that any land so set aside under the proclamation shall be deemed to be a native reserve.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 NATURE OF A NATIVE RESERVE:
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Native reserves have peculiar characteristics of their own.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Even though all native land is vested in the Native Land Trust Board, the Board cannot issue a licence or lease in respect of a native reserve without consent of the native owners.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 The obtaining of consent of native owners is a prerequisite to grant of a licence or lease.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Such lease or licence can only be granted to another native Fijian.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 

\par 
\par Under section 18, the land subject of a proclamation is deemed to be a native reserve.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The point in time when such land is deemed to become a native reserve is the date of proclamation by the President not when the Register of Native Lands kept by the Registrar of Titles has been altered to note the change.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 Once a proclamation is made in favour of a mataqali, its members can go and start to use the land.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 They do not have to wait the completion of the administrative act of change of register before they can enter the land.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 They can treat the land as theirs to the exclusion of others from other mataqalis.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }
{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 I am of the view that such a proclamation has the effect of passing the ownership to the proprietary unit in the traditional customary sense of ownership.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Even though such concept of ownership may be a totally different concept of ownership of land in comparison to the generally understood concept of ownership of land, it is nevertheless recognized under the Native Land Act and Native Land Trust Act, and }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 \'93such native rights and obligations may be recognized by the common law and enforced by the court\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448  \endash  }{
\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 MESULAME NARAWA & ANOTHER v.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448  }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
NATIVE LAND TRUST BOARD & OTHERS}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448  \endash  FCA 12 of 1999 at page 8.
\par 
\par In the course of hearing, it transpired that part of the land subject of dispute had been rented out for mining purposes.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
As a result I asked for further information of this.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Counsels agreed to this course of action as it would throw more light on the issue of ownership.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
As a result Mr. Nawaikula produced a lease issued by NLTB to Mount Kasi Limited sometime in 1997.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The exact date is not endorsed on the lease.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Its significance however lies in the fact that on page 1 of the lease it is confirmed that the land is }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 \'93owned by Yavusa Naisamuwaqa\'94}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 .}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Clause 4(m) further requires the lessee to pay $1.00 per ounce of gold produced to the Yavusa Naisamuwaqa for educational purposes.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
It is also agreed by all counsels that since the issue of lease in Mount Kasi it was Yavusa Naisamuwaqa which was paid lease moneys collected by Native Land Trust Board.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 A schedule of payments was also produced.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
Such payments to a mataqali are evidence of ownership rights not merely usage right to land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
\par 
\par The members of mataqali either individually or collectively may not hold any documents of title but that fact alone does not reduce their right to only a right to cultivate and occupy the land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5180448  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 They hold a proprietary native title which in this case is reinforced by the proclamation of 4th May 1992.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 CONCLUSION:
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7216254 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
The Commission I conclude, made in error of law in concluding that the Proclamation of 1992 only granted usage rights to the applicant and no more and therefore the first respondent could re-allocate the land.
\par 
\par Accordingly certiorari shall issue to quash the decision of the 1st and 2nd respondents made on 20th November 2002 and 17th December 2002 respectively to assign the customary ownership of the land to Yavusa Yanawai.
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7216254 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid7216254 [ Jiten Singh ]
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5180448 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4404088\charrsid5180448 
\par At Suva
\par 2nd April 2004
\par }}