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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 CIVIL ACTION NO. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8355281 HBC0}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 233 OF 2002
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Between:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
\par BANKING GROUP LIMITED
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 KELEMEDI RAKUVE BULEWA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par Mr. H. Lateef for the Plaintiff
\par Defendant in Person
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par By}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  Originating Summons dated 7 June 2002}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  (the \'93}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'94) in a \lquote  mortgage action\rquote  seeks the following relief and/or remedies against }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Kelemedi Bulewa}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  (the \'93}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 defendant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'94)under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Order 88 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 High Court Rules 1988}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 :
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pni0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
That the Defendant and/or any other occupant deliver to the Plaintiff vacant possession of ALL THAT piece or parcel of lands known as \'93Davuilevu\'94 and \'93Na Calia\'94
, containing areas of two hectares four hundred twenty seven metres (2.042 ha) and t
wo hectares one hundred and ninety three square metres (2.0193ha) situated in the District of Naitasiri and Islands of Viti Levu and being C.T. No. 30693 being Lot 5 on Plan No DP.7191 and C.T.No. 30694 being Lot 6 on DP 7191 }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 together with }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 all improvements
 thereon, as charged by the Defendant to the Plaintiff by Mortgage Number 428174 registered on 2 September 1997 to secure the money therein mentioned.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pni0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 That the Defendant, his servant, agent or employee be restrained from interfering with the improvements 
on the said properties in any way so as to deplete its value.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 c)\tab Costs of the action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 

\par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par An affidavit in support was filed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
The defendant responded by filing an affidavit on 14 August 2002 to which the plaintiff replied by affidavit sworn 9 September 2002 followed by a reply thereto by the plaintiff through his affidavit of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 9 March 2003. There was a further response filed by the plaintiff on 17 March 2003.
\par 
\par As ordered, Mr Lateef counsel for the plaintiff filed his submission on 4 February 2003, but because Mr Bulewa was too sick for some months his submission was not filed until 24 March 2003.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Plaintiff\rquote s submission
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 This application is made under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Order 88 Rule 3 of the High Court Rules 1988.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 The learned counsel for the plaintiff submits that the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
Order 88}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  have been complied with in making this application. These are fully set out in the plaintiff\rquote s written submission (at page 2).
\par 
\par The plaintiff is the first registered mortgagee of C.T.NO.30693 being Lot 5 on D.P.NO. 7191 and C.T.NO. 30694 seeing Lot 6 on DP NO. 7191 (the \'93properties\'94).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 It is seeking an order for vacant possession of the properties.
\par 
\par The facts are that under the Mortgage a demand was made by the plaintiff on 13 November 2000 for the outstanding amount on the Housing Loan Account a
nd various other accounts of the defendant. The defendant has been in default of repayment so the plaintiff exercised its rights under the m}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 ortgage by issuing the demands.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par 
\par The Defendant was served with notice to vacate on 5 March 2002 in accordance with }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 s.75 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Property Law Act. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 The defendant does not deny that he was served with such a demand.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 In the circumstances counsel submits that the plaintiff is legally entitled to enter into procession of the mortgaged property. 
\par 
\par Counsel further submits that under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Clause 12 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
Mortgage }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
document the plaintiff is specifically empowered as mortgagee to enter into procession and if necessary to bring an action for ejectment to obtain possession. The plaintiff therefore exercised its power under the mortgage by bringing this action.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Defendant\rquote s submission
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 The defendant who appeared in person sets out in his written submission the law pertaining to the issue before the Court.
\par 
\par He submitted that the procedure followed by the plaintiff in these proceedings is inappropriate and there are a number of irregularities such as (inter alia):
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s19 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \s19\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
There is a total denial by him of arrears in payments giving rise to a default over which the plaintiff can invoke his entitlement given by the law.
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s19 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}\pard \s19\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 There are serious procedural irregularities.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 There is no proper affidavit of service of the demand.
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s19 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}\pard \s19\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 There is material non-disclosure of facts by the plaintiff.
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s19 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d)\tab}}\pard \s19\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 There are factual errors in the affidavits of plaintiff.
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s19 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 e)\tab}}\pard \s19\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 The law relating to deeds only permits the payment of Bank fees and 
charges; unauthorized charges or fees are unjustified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148\charrsid8355281 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
The defendant submits that the proceedings by way of originating summons is not the correct procedure and asks that the Summons should either be dismissed or an order be made under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
Order 28 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 High Court Rules 1988 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
for continuation of proceedings as if}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  cause or matter begun by writ.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Consideration of the issue
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 This is the plaintiff\rquote s application under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Order 88 }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 the High Court Rules 1988 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
in respect of the said properties.
\par 
\par In an application under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Or. 88 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
the plaintiff has to comply with certain requirements as stated in that Order particularly }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Or.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 88 rules 2, 3(2), 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 This I find the plaintiff has done.

\par 
\par Although the defendant vigorously disputes the claim he is considerably in arrears of payment of his debt to the plaintiff and has defaulted in payment leaving the Bank with no option but to exercise its powers under the security document herein.
\par 
\par The defendant is in possession of the properties. I find that demands have been properly made by the plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
Under the powers contained in the mortgage document the plaintiff is empowered to obtain possession as therein provided. The right to possession arises in this case because of the default in payment to the plaintiff.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 The defendant\rquote s 
argument in effect suggests that for the reasons advanced by him the Bank be restrained from exercising its power of sale under the mortgage. If the defendant wants an injunction in this regard then he has to move the Court.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 On this aspect the law is very clear and I refer to the following passage in }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Halsbury\rquote s Laws of England 4th Ed. Vol.32 para 725 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 which supplies the answer and is apt:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93
The mortgagee will not be restrained from exercising his power of sale because }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 the amount due is in dispute}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
 or because the mortgagor has begun a redemption action or because the mortgagor objects to the manner in which the sale is being arranged. He will be restrained however }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
if the mortgagor pays the amount which the mortgagee claims to be due to him.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'94 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 (emphasis added)
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 This is not a case where the Court will interfere with the mortgagee\rquote s rights under mortgage for it has complied with the provisions of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Order 88}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 . The defendant as mortgagor has vested the Bank with wide powers under the mortgage document. The effect of thes
e powers have been fully set out in the following passage from the judgment in}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  Matthie v Edwards 73 ER 776 at 779}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 :
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \lquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
Now those powers so given may undoubtedly, be often used for purposes of oppression. They are however, powers which the party having a powe
r of the property thinks proper to confer on the individual from which he borrows the money; it is a bargain; one party parts with his money, and he has to pay himself out if the property upon which it is charged; and it is for the other party, who create
s
 the mortgage, to consider whether he has not given too large a power to the individual with whom he is dealing. But when once it is given, the party advancing his money is perfectly entitled to execute the power which such a contract gives him. However i
f
 the power is sought to be exercised for exorbitant purposes, without a due regard to the interest of the parties concerned, this Court will interfere under certain circumstances, and, like other pledges, if the individual comes and deposits the money, th
e Court will, under certain circumstances prevents a party from exercising that power arbitrarily, but not without the actual deposit of the sum which the other party is entitled to.
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Now it is quite clear, that the interests of society (and more particular
ly financing institutions) require, and the justice of such a case requires that those powers, when they do not come within the (above) principles on which the Court has acted, should not be interfered with; it is merely a power which the individual has g
iven.\rquote 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Further, the mortgagee has a common law right to possession and this is well established as borne out by the judgment of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
Goff L.J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 . in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Western Bank Ltd v Schindler }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
(1977) 1 Ch where it is stated:
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93It has for a very long time been established law tha
t a mortgagee has a proprietary right at common law as owner of the legal estate to go into possession of the mortgaged property. This right has been unequivocally recognised in a number of modern cases: see for example, Four Maids Ltd v. Dudley Marshall 
(Properties Ltd. (1957) Ch. 317. \'85 It has nothing to do with default: See per Harman J. in the Four-Maids case where he said, at p.320:
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
The mortgagee may go into possession before the ink is dry on the mortgage unless there is something in the contract, express or by implication, whereby he has contracted out of that right."
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 On the affidavit evidence before me it is not that money is not owing by the defendant. The defendant does not say how much he owes nor does he say what amount is disputed. The defenda
nt has had dealings with the Bank for sometime and he must have been furnished with Bank statements of account from time to time. He cannot now be heard to just say that he is not satisfied with the accounts supplied to him and therefore he will stop payi
ng under the mortgage. There is no question of waiver of terms and conditions of the security documents arising here because of some dispute to alleged insufficiency of pa}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 rticulars relating to accounts.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par 
\par As required under the said }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 0.75}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  the plaintiff served 
a notice to vacate on 5 March 2002 and there is no denial that this demand has actually been served. Having complied with this requirement it enables the plaintiff as mortgagee to legally enter into possession of the mortgaged properties.
\par 
\par Furthermore, clause }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 12(3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
 of the mortgage document specifically empowers the Bank as mortgagee to enter into possession of the mortgaged property and if necessary to bring an order for ejectment to obtain possession of it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Hence the Bank has exercised its powers pursuant to the mortgage.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 The Law
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 There are two cases to which I will particularly refer in dealing with the issue for my determination for there their}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Lordships Jayaratne and Fatiaki (now Chief Justice) respectively dealt in detail with the law on the subject of Order}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  88.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  The cases are }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited v}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Shanti Lal f/n Harkissan Chnibu }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
(Civil Action No. 265/90 - judgment 12.4.91- Jayaratne J) and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 National Bank of Fiji v Abdul Kadeer Kuddus Hussein s/o Kadir Hussein}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 (Civ Action No. 331/94 - Fatiaki J - judgment 9.2.95).
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Mortgagee\rquote s right to possession
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 On the subject of a mortgagees\rquote  right to possession of the mortgaged property I have already stated hereabove what }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Goff L. J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Western Bank Ltd v Schindler}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 (1977) 1 Ch ar 20 has said. That is the Bank\rquote 
s common law right but there is also ample statutory powers to enter into possession and this is provided in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Section 75 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Property Law Act Cap 130 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 which states:
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93\'85 mortgagee upon default in payment of mortgaged property or any part 
thereof may enter into possession of the mortgaged land by receiving rents and profits thereof or may distrain upon an occupier or tenant of the said land for the rent then due.\'94
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Again }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Buckley L.J in}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Schindler (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 supra) said at p9 as follows recognising the usefulness of the remedy }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 under Order 88: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93A legal mortgagee\rquote 
s right to possession is a common law right which is an incident to his estate in the land. It should not be lightly treated as abrogated or restricted. Although it is perhaps most commonly exercised as preliminary steps to an exercise of the mortgagee
\rquote s power of sale, so that the sale may be made with vacant possession, this is not its only value to the mortgagee. The mortgagee may wish to protect his security \'85 He might wish to take possession
 for the purpose of carrying out repairs or to prevent waste.\'94
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par I agree with the plaintiff\rquote s submission that in attempting to justify its position the defendant has raised a number of issues but these are not in anyway relevant to the Bank\rquote s (as mortgagee)
 right to possession of the mortgaged properties. The issues raised by the defendant have been answered by Mr Christopher Griffiths in his affidavit sworn 9 September 2002.
\par 
\par On the issue of the operation of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Consumer Credit Act 1999 (\'93CCA\'94) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 raised by th
e defendant I agree with counsel that there is no provision in the CCA specifically stipulating that the Act is retrospective. Therefore s5 (1) of CCA would apply and make the Act operational from the date the Act was gazetted, namely, }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 7 May 1999.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par 
\par Hence in this case the Act will not apply to the securities given the Bank by the defendant.
\par 
\par The support for the argument that the CCA is not retrospective is to the found in the a decision given by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Jiten Singh J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
 in the case of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 ANZ v Amir & Sandhya Laxmi}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  (HBC0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 307}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 .2002) where he said:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93
A mortgage is a contract between a mortgagee and mortgagor. The terms of mortgages vary infinitely depending on what the parties agree to. There is nothing in the Consumer Credit Act to show that legislature intended to streamline 
enforcement procedures to mortgages which already existed.\'94
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Mortgagee\rquote s right to possession
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Mr. Lateef has dealt quite fully with this aspect in his written submission and I agree with him in the light of the authorities referred to by him.
\par 
\par The Court will not interfere with the mortgagee\rquote s right to possession and its power of sale under the mortgage unless the mortgagor pays the amount due into Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 (Barwick C J in Inglis & Another v Commonwealth Trading Bank of Australia}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  126 C.L.R. 161 ar 168; vide also }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Joe Colati v Fiji Development Bank }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 (HBC0060.19}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 98 - Scott J) and }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Daulat v J. Santaram (Stores) Limited}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  (HBC}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 0}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 455}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 .19}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 97), }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Votualailai Ltd v FNPF }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 (unreported) HBC0}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 272}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 .19}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 98 - Sadal J).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
On this aspect I should refer to the statement of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Byrne J in NBF Asset Management Bank v Donald Thomas Pickering and Ellen Pickering}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  (HBC0170}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 .19}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 99) at page 2 where he said:
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93In Action No. HBC0097 of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11938148 
\tab \tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 NBF Assets Management Bank v Bulivakarua in my unreported judgement of the 30th November 1999 I stated at page 2 that it was sur
prising that actions by Mortgagees against defaulting Mortgagors were frequently before the Courts in Fiji because of the fact that the law governing them is well settled. That law put simply is that failing payment into the Court of the amount sworn by t
he Mortgagee, no restraint should be placed on the exercise of the Mortgagee\rquote s powers of sale under the Mortgage.\'94
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Conclusion 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid11938148 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 To conclude, for the reasons given and on the authorities the plaintiff will be entitled to the relief sought in the originating summons.
\par 
\par The defendant has failed to give any reasons in law to enable the Court to restrain the plaintiff from exercising its powers under the mortgage. 
\par 
\par As the action stands, with a large sum of money owing to the Bank and default in payment under the mortgage there is nothing before the Court to prevent the plaintiff from exercising its powers requiring vacant possession of the mortgaged property.
\par 
\par I conclude with the remarks of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Barwick C. J }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 in his judgment in }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Inglis }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 (supra) at 169 when he said:
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11938148 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 \'93The
 case falls fairly, in my opinion within the general rule applicable when it is sought to restrain the exercise by a mortgagee of his rights under the mortgage instrument. Failing payment into court of the amount sworn by the mortgagee as due and owing un
der the mortgage, no restraint should be placed by order upon the exercise of the respondent mortgagee\rquote s right under the mortgage\'94.
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par In the light of the law in the matter of restraining a mortgagee in exercising his/its powers under the mortgage, }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 it is ordered}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 , that }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 subject}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
 to deposit of the full amount due under the security document in question into court within 30 days, the defendant is to deliver to the plaintiff vacant}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  possession}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  of the properties described the item A of the Originating Summons. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 It is further ordered}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
 that the defendant, his servants, agents or employees be restrained from in any way damaging removing or interfering with the improvement on the said properties in any way so as to diminish their value. I award }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 costs}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281  against the defendant in
 the sum of $400.00 to be paid within 28 days. Liberty reserved to parties to apply generally.
\par 
\par }\pard \s19\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 D Pathik
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 Judge
\par }\pard \s19\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8355281 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 At Suva
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8355281 10 March 2004}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12874999\charrsid8355281 
\par }}