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{\*\rsidtbl \rsid616714\rsid7028955\rsid9582498\rsid12209607\rsid15157273}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6764;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author Roselyn}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2005\mo11\dy29\hr11\min55}
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\f37\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 CIVIL ACTION NO. HBC 508D OF 2003S
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 BETWEEN:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 MOHAMMED JANIF RAZA}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 (f/n Mohammed}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
Razak) of Lot 20, Bal Govinda Road, Nadawa,
\par Nasinu, Welder.
\par PLAINTIFF
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 AND:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 NASINU LAND PURCHASE & HOUSING
\par CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LTD.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 A duly}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
Incorporated Society registered under Co-
\par Operatives Act 16, which is more correctly}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12209607  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 d}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 escribed as}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12209607 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 NASINU LAND PURCHASE &}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12209607  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 HOUSING CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY.

\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 DEFENDANT
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par Counsel for the Plaintiff}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 : }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 Mrs A.A. Seruvatu: O\rquote Driscoll & Seruvatu
\par Counsel for the Defendant:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  R. Singh}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 : Kohli & Singh
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 Date of Judgment:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 21 September, 2004
\par Time of Judgment:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 9.30 a.m.
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 EX}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273  }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 TEMPORE DECISION
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par On 12 December 2003, the Plaintiff obtained an Order of this Court extending Caveat No. 518737 over land described as Lot 21 on DP 8485 and comprised in C.T. 3324 until further order.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 On 19 February 2004, the Defendant, a duly incorporated Society registered under the Co-operatives Act (Cap.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 16), and the registered proprietor of the said piece of land, applied for the order of 12 December 2003 to be set aside and for the said Caveat to be removed.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 Plaintiff\rquote s Argument}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par 
\par In support of his caveat, the Plaintiff stated that he had entered into a verbal agreement with the Defendant for the purchase of the land.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 A condition precedent was the Plaintiff }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'93to erect a retaining wall and level the property.\'94}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 This, the Plaintiff claims, he did at the cost of $4,000.00.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 In his second affidavit of 21 May, 2004, the Plaintiff annexed an Invoice from }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'93Hussain Bulldozing Works\'94}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273  dated 20 March, 2001 confirming the delivery to}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'93Mohd. Janif
\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273  of Nadawa, Nasinu, of }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'93100 loads soapstone - $40.00 per load}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 :}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273  $4,000.00\'94.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par 
\par The Plaintiff claims that the money paid and the ground works already done on the property, amounted to consideration for the verbal agreement for the sale of the land to him by the Defendant.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
It is to protect his interest and stop the sale of the property to a third party, that the Plaintiff submits, is the reason for the lodging of the caveat and the subsequent extension granted thereto by the Court.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 Defendant\rquote s Argument}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par 
\par Chairman of the Society, in his affidavit in support of the Defendant\rquote s application to remove the Caveat, vehemently denies that it had entered into any verbal agreement for sale and purchase of the property.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 The Plaintiff therefore, according to the Defendant, does not have an interest in the land capable of supporting a caveat.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 Court\rquote s Consideration}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par 
\par Obviously for the Plaintiff to be allowed to keep his caveat on the land, he has to satisfy the requirements of section 106 of the Land Transfer Act (Cap. 131).}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 It states}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 :
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'93106.\tab Any person \endash }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
claiming to be entitled or to be beneficially interested in any land subject to the provisions of this Act, or any estate or interest therein, }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
by virtue of any unregistered agreement or other instrument or transmission, or of any trust expressed or implied, or otherwise howsoever}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 ; or
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
transferring any land subject to the provisions of this Act, or any estate or interest therein, to any other person to be held in trust,}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 may at any time
 lodge with the Registrar a caveat in the prescribed form, forbidding the registration of any person as trustee or proprietor of, and of any instrument affecting, such estate or interest either absolutely or unless such instrument be expressed to be subje
ct to the claim of the caveator as may be required in such caveat.\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 (emphasis added)
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par The interpretation and application of the section was fully explored and explained by the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 Cambridge Credit (Fiji) Ltd. v. W. F.E. Ltd}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 . FLR Vol 21, 182, and more recently by this Court in }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
The Fiji National Provident Fund Board v. Vivrass Holdings & Or}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 . CA HBC}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 0}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 325J}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 .}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 2002S.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }
{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 The Fiji Court of Appeal, in determining who can lodge a caveat, cited with approval this statement of Stout CJ in }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
Staples & Co. v. Corby and District Land Registrar}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 (}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 1900}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 )}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273  19 NZLR 517, at 536}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273 :}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'93
Before a person can caveat under this section he must be a person who claims to be entitled to the land, or any estate or interest to the land or to be \'93beneficially interested\'94 in the land, o
r in any estate or interest in the land, and the person in either event must claim \'93by virtue of any unregistered agreement\'94 or other \'93instrument or transmission\'94 (\'93transmission\'94
 meaning acquirement by title or estate consequent on death, will, intestacy, bankruptcy, etc) \'93or of any trust expressed or implied}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 \'94 }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 or otherwise howsoever.\'94}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par In this instance, while the Plaintiff claims the existence of an agreement to sell, he can only point to the improvement he had already made on the land as proof of its existence.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 There is no unregistered instrument of agreement to point to support the claim.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 The Defendant totally denies the existence of any such agreement and referred to section 59 of the Indemnity, Guarantee and Bailment Act (Cap 232) which states that no ac
tion can be brought upon any contract or sale of land, unless the agreement relied upon is in writing and signed.
\par 
\par The evidence before me does not show or support the existence of any unregistered agreement between the Plaintiff and the Defendant for the s
ale of the land in question; at any rate, not the sort of an agreement if there is any, that is capable of creating an interest in the land which gives Plaintiff the right to lodge a caveat on the property to protect his interests.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15157273  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 It is possible that, under such circumstances, the Plaintiff\rquote s relief may lay elsewhere.
\par 
\par In the result, the Court finds that the Plaintiff does not have a caveatable interest in law and there being no justifiable cause why his caveat should remain, it is hereby ordered that Cave
at No. 518737, with immediate effect, be removed from Certificate of Title No. 33324.
\par 
\par Costs of $150.00 is awarded to the Defendant.
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 F. Jitoko
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 JUDGE}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15157273 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9582498\charrsid15157273 
\par At Suva
\par 21 September 2004
\par }}