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\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par MISCELLANEOUS JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335\charrsid16083335 CRIMINAL MISC. CASE NO: HAM0}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 014 OF 2004
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 Between:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 MAKARIO ANISIMAI
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 Applicant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 And:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 THE STATE
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par Hearing:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 14th May 2004
\par Ruling:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 26th May 2004
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 Mr. T. Fa for Applicant
\par Mr. P. Bulamainaivalu for State
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 RULING
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par On the 10th of January 2003 I granted an application by the State for a restraining order over property alleged to be obtained as proceeds of crime.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 The property included all money held in an ANZ Access Account, number 5031080 in the name of the Applicant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
He now seeks variation of the order under section 35(2)(b) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 1997, to allow $8000 from this bank account to be paid to his counsel as legal fees for his representation.
\par 
\par This application was heard on the 14th of May 2004.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
At the conclusion of the hearing, counsel asked for time to file a further affidavit, that of the de facto wife of the Applicant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 This was filed on the 19th of May 2004.
\par 
\par Section 35(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 1997 provides that on application by the DPP, the Court can make a restraining order.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
Section 35(2) provides:
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083335 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 \'93
An order under subsection (1) may be made subject to conditions as the Court thinks fit and, without limiting the generality of this section, may make provision for meeting, out of the property or a specified part of the property:
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 The person\rquote 
s reasonable living expenses (including the reasonable living expenses of the person\rquote s defendants (if any) and reasonable business expenses;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 (b) The person\rquote s reasonable ex
penses in defending a criminal charge and any proceedings under this Act; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 (c) Other specified debt incurred by the person in good faith;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083335 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
but the Court shall not make such provision unless it is satisfied that the person cannot meet the expenses or debt concerned out of property that is not subject to a restraining order.\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par In the affidavit of Detective Inspector Ilimotama Cawi, filed for the purpose of obtaining the restraining order in June 2003, the Applicant was said to be charged of larceny, and robbery with violence (on two counts).}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 These charges will be heard in the High Court and have already been transferred.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 The ANZ Access account has a balance of $16,520.66.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 A total amount of $83,920 in cash was seized from the Applicant\rquote s house.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 The State say
s that these entire amounts are tainted because they are all proceeds of the alleged crimes, in particular in relation to the robbery from an Armourguard Fiji employee on the 6th of December 2002.
\par 
\par The Applicant gave sworn evidence in respect of this application in evidence-in-chief.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
He said he did not earn any money and was a serving prisoner.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 His wife is a schoolteacher.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He used to run an amusement centre business but it had been sold.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He said his family survived on his wife\rquote s income.
\par 
\par Under cross-examination he said he earned more than $100 per week at the amusement centre, and also operated a canteen shop at Suvavou House.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He also ran a money-lender\rquote s business and owned a house which was built on his brother\rquote s land.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He said at first that the land was freehold land but later said that it was native land.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He agreed that his caution interview contained a confession to the Armourguard robbery and that his share of the proceeds was $120,000, $83,920 of which was found in his house.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 However he said that the statement was false and that all the money was derived from his various businesses.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He said he did not know what the shop earned after his incarceration.
\par 
\par In answer to my questions, he said that the income from the shop amounted to $2000 per month and that part of this income was used to extend his house.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He said he bank the rest.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
He said he earned $8000 per year from his money-lending business, and that the sum seized by the police at his house was the proceeds of this business.
\par 
\par The affidavit of Ateca Morovia, the Applicant\rquote s partner, states that she is a kindergarten teacher earning $135.00 a fortnight.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 She says that she and the Applicant and their 3 year old son lived at a squatter settlement but that the Applicant had now built a house on his brother\rquote s lan
d at Tovata Road, Makoi.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 At paragraph 7 of her affidavit she states:
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16083335 \f2\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 \'93
Before my husband was sent to prison in January 2003 he ran his own businesses from home.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He had his own bill}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335 i}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 ard tables which were earning him money everyday, he had a groceries shop a
t home from which the neighbourhood bought their food supplies, he was a money lender and he was a middleman dealing with yaqona buying from farmers, drying them at home and reselling them to our neighbours.\'94
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par She states that all these businesses have now stopped and the groceries in the shop are used for their family needs.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
She said that she used to help her husband deposit money from his businesses into his bank account and the average deposit was $2000.
\par 
\par The bank statements annexed to the affidavit of Detective Inspector Cawi show deposits, of between $500.00 and $8000.00 from 19th December 2002 to the 20th of January 2003.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 The balance prior to the deposit of 19th December was $20.66.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 In his caution statement (the truth of which he disputes) the Applicant said that he had banked more than $15,000 which was part of the proceeds of the robbery.
\par 
\par It is for the Applicant to show the court to its satisfaction that he requires a variation of the restraining order to pay his legal expenses.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 In this case I am not so satisfied.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
Firstly, the Applicant was less than forthright in his evidence about his various businesses.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
He disclosed a little more in cross-examination, in that he said he ran a shop and a money lending business, but he still failed to disclose his business of selling yaqona, a matter disclosed by his partner in her affidavit.
\par 
\par Secondly, his evidence about his weekly and monthly income, is inconsistent with the bank statements exhibited.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
Because he disputes the truth of his confession, I disregard the admissions made therein.
\par 
\par Thirdly, the Applicant has failed to provide either personally or through his partner, any business records showing that his various business concerns have wound down and are non-productive.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 Indeed, before his incarceration he admits to having several businesses, including a money-lending business.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 He said that they were all highly lucrative.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
These businesses must have accounts, ledgers and balance sheets.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 None was produced in court.
\par 
\par In all the circumstances I am not satisfied that the Applicant is unable to meet his legal expenses from sources other than the property restrained.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16083335  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 In considering this application I am conscious that only a trial can determine the ownership of the properties restrained, but that it is the duty of the c
ourt to, as far as possible and in the interests of justice, preserve the status quo in respect of those properties in order that the rights of all parties be protected.
\par 
\par This application for variation of the restraining order is dismissed.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 Nazhat Shameem
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16083335 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7474507\charrsid16083335 
\par At Suva
\par 26th May 2004
\par }}