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\f36\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid16341798 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
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\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 CRIMINAL APPEAL ACTION NO.: HAA}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
00}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 40 OF 2004
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\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 BETWEEN:
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\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid16341798 STATE
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Appellant
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\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid16341798 KALINE RAVULA
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Respondent
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\par Counsel:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11091528  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Ms P. Madanavosa \endash  for the State
\par Respondent \endash  In Person
\par 
\par Date of Hearing:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11091528\charrsid11091528  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 30th June, 2004
\par Date of Judgment:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11091528\charrsid11091528  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 30th June, 2004
\par 
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\par This is an appeal by the State against the respondent\rquote s sentencing upon guilty plea and conviction for the offence of dangerous driving contrary to Section 98(1) and Section 114 of the Land Transport Act 1998.
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
It was said in the particulars of the offence that the respondent drove his motor vehicle on the 7th of February, 2003 along Edinburgh Drive, Suva in a manner which was dangerous to the public having regard to all the circumstances of the case.
\par 
\par The record reflects that those facts were read out by the Prosecution and a copy handed to the Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
Regrettably that is not contained in the record.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
All that exists is a shorthand note of the salient features of that summary of fact which reads as follows:
\par 
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Edinburgh Drive, Suva
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Accused driving Private Motor Vehicle
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Reg. No. CS226
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 On Edinburgh Drive, Suva
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Complainant driving Private Motor Vehicle
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Reg. No. CF463
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Samabula to Suva
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Accused Vehicle overtake a Bus
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Accused vehicle went out of control
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Head on Collision
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\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 One of Complainant\rquote s vehicle passenger got injured
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 -\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlblt\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb -}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Medical \endash  Exhibit 1
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 -\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlblt\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb -}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Accused
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 -\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlblt\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb -}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Dangerous driving
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 -\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlblt\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb -}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Admitted offence
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 -\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlblt\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb -}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Facts \endash  admitted
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 -\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlblt\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxtb -}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Previous Conviction \endash  1st offence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par Against this background taking into account the unrepresented accused\rquote s mitigation the learn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 ed Magistrate sentenced him to:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 A fine of $350.00 to be paid 30 days in default of 60 days imprisonment.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Accused is given a partial disqualification for next 3 months.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Only to drive 6.00am to 6.00pm 7 days a week.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 30/03/04 \endash  mention only to review payment.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par I note the fine was paid and that the disqualification wil}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 l end on the 30th of June, 2004.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid16341798 The Appellant\rquote s Case
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 \f36\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 In accordance with the appeal judgment of my sister Justice Shameem in the }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 State v Prasad}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  HAA0}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 038}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 .}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
2003S, the State submits and I accept that Courts do not have powers to order disqualification between certain hours of the day.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
They do not have powers to disqualify from driving certai}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 n classes of vehicle.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par I find that by imposing a partial disqualification the learned Magistrate was wrong in Law.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
He had no power to disqualify the respondent between certain hours of the day.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
However, in accordance with Section 59(2) of the Act the Court does have power to disqualify a person for a shorter period than that prescribed or indeed not to disqualify the person at all but must specify the reasons for so doing.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Length of Disqualification
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The appellant complains that the length of disqualification was so lenient as to be unjustified.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
The State points to the scarce reasoning contained in the record and submits that there was no judicial basis for making a decision to disqualify this appellant for less than the 6 months offered in Section 114 of the Act.
\par 
\par Again in }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Prasad (supra)}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
 my sister Justice Shameem provided guidance from the facts to be considered when determining the length of disqualification.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
At page 5 of her judgment she said:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \'93The length of disqualification depends on the following factors:}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The standard of driving shown on the offending.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Any previous convictions for traffic offences.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The need to protect the public from dangerous/careless/drunk drivers.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Good character.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Serious hardship to the families.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Driving providing the source of livelihood for the offender.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par The learned Magistrate in sentencing apart from noting the good character of the respondent did little else to note the reasoning he used to make the sentencing finding he did.
\par 
\par During the course of the appeal I had the opportunity of reviewing the police file.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
It is clear that the Prosecutor failed to provide the Court with a full and accurate description of all of the material contained on that file.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Prosecutors must ensure that the Court is fully informed of all the relevant circumstances of an offence.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
It would be improper for me to take into account on this appeal the contents of a full and frank admission from the respondent made shortly after the incident which gives rise to the charges.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 However, I note that this confession was not placed before the learned Magistrate.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 It should have been.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Dangerous or Careless Driving
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The respondent was charged with dangerous driving.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
He was an unrepresented accused.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The facts as presented to the presiding Magistrate were simply that on a speci
fied date at 9.30pm the respondent went to overtake a bus.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 It had been raining.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  
}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The road was wet and no doubt slippery.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
The bus pulled out more sharply than the respondent was expecting.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 It effectively cut him off.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 He had to swerve to avoid a collision.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The respondent\rquote s reactions were slow.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
He lost control of his vehicle in the slippery conditions and collided with the complainant\rquote s car.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par Although the unrepresented respondent pleaded guilty to the charge as laid, it was in my view nonetheless incumbent on the learned Magistrate to make sure that the facts presented to him could properly support the charge.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 In my view the unrepresented respondent was not driving dangerously.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 There was nothing put before the learned Magistrate that would indicate that to be so.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 There was no antecedent driving in a reckless manner.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
There was no evidence of undue speed.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
It appears as if the Prosecutor relied entirely on the fact of accident to indicate dangerousness.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
The fact of accident is not determinative of dangerous driving.
\par 
\par In my view the facts presented to the learned Magistrate rather indicated a lack of skill and a falling below the standard of a reasonable and prudent driver in the circumstances as opposed to reckless endangerment of public safety.
\par 
\par In circumstances wh
ere Courts are uncertain on a guilty plea that the facts presented to it are sufficient to prove the charge they must be vigilant to make enquiries and if necessary refuse to accept that the summary of facts containing enough information to convict the un
represented defendant.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 In that instance the proper course is to invite the accused to change his plea.
\par 
\par In the final analysis, however, these observations are not determinative of my task on appeal.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
The process merely indicates that on an analysis of the facts presented to the learned Magistrate this was barely dangerous driving and so might be treated at the lower end of the scale.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 That is particularly so when considering the factors listed earlier in this judgment:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 I would find that the standard of driving shown on the offending was barely dangerous and in reality careless.}
{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 This incident was created by the bus but continued by the driver\rquote 
s lack of skill in wet conditions in response to an emergency situation.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The respondent had no previous convictions for traffic offences.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 There is little need to consider protection of the public bearing in mind my finding on 1.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 In a long driving history the respondent has good character.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls4\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 There would be serious hardship to his family as he uses his motor vehicle to provide a source of livelihood. 

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par For all of these reasons the imposition of a minimum term was called for.
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 I adopt the reasoning of my brother Justice Gates in }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Turagatautoka v The State,}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528  Criminal Appeal HAM}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 0}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 058.03S.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 In that case the appellant was charged with a single charge of dangerous driving as a result of similar bad overtaking.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 At page 4 the learned Justice explores the Magistrate\rquote s discretion not to disqualify under Section 59(2) of the LTA.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par At paragraph 20 of page 5 his honour finds and I adopt that the words \'93sufficient reason\'94 are wide enough to include reasons of a more general character which relate to the offender and not solely to the offence, CF }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Jones v English}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528  [1951] 2 ALL E.R. 853.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par His honour goes on to observe that sometimes such reasons will depend not so much on the accused\rquote s mitigation but upon the very nature of the circumstances concerning the incident itself.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 In that case my brother Justice noted that the appellant had no previous convictions, that he was 53 years old and had employm
ent with a statutory body that required him to have a driving licence.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
No one was injured by the error of judgment that caused the accident.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The result is that the fine was upheld.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 However, the disqualification was reduced from one of 6 months to 3 months effective from the original date of sentence.
\par 
\par I find }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Turagatautoka }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 a persuasive authority.
\par 
\par However, further than that it is clear that the respondent has by the time of this appeal met the penalty originally given to him.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
He has paid his fine.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The State accepts that he has faithfully served his term of partial disqualification.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
In those circumstances, I also take into account the effect of a decision of the English Criminal Court of Appeal in the Attorney-General\rquote s Ref. No. 33 of 1997.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 This is a case dealing with the wrongful impossible of suspension of a term of imprisonment for a violent offence.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The Court although making that finding nonetheless did not order the respondent to immediately go to jail.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 It was said that on a State\rquote s Appeal (Attorney-General\rquote 
s Reference) the ultimate penalty imposed must also firmly take into account whether or not the respondent had served the term of his original sentence and thereby met the penalty of the Court at first instance.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
\par 
\par In those circumstances the Court quite properly, in my view, stated that it would be wrong to impose a further penalty by way of a fully custodial and immediate sentence of imprisonment when the original sentence had been completed.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 At the very least the appeal sentence calculation must take int
o account that fact and the overall sentence be reduced to reflect the fact the sentence at first instance has been fully or partially completed.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The State\rquote s Appeal
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 This was the State\rquote s appeal against both the duration of disqualification and disqualification for}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 part of a day during that period.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
For the reasons expressed in this judgment I find the appeal succeeds in part only.
\par 
\par The learned Magistrate had no power to partially disqualify the respondent.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 As for the duration of the disqualification I find 
that there was no basis displayed in the record for the orders made.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
However, on a review of the facts and consideration of the proper factors that should influence the duration of a period of disqualification, I find that 3 months was an appropriate term for this offence.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 This way driving displaying elements of lack of skill rather than reckless endangerment.
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Conclusion
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Accordingly the orders of the Court are that the sentence in the court below is varied, the appeal succeeds in part.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 The fine is maintained.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
The appeal against the sentence of disqualification from holding or obtaining a driving licence succeeds.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 That sentence is quashed.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 I substitute a period of disqualification of 3 months from the original date of sentence in the Magistrates Court i.e. 
the 30th of March, 2004.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16341798  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 
The practical result for the respondent is that he will have completed his period of disqualification today the 30th of June, 2004.
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16341798 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 Gerard Winter
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid11091528 JUDGE
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11091528 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1248551\charrsid16341798 
\par 
\par 
\par At Suva
\par Wednesday 30th June, 2004
\par }}