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\f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 CIVIL ACTION NO.: HBC}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 0}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 307 OF 2002
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 BETWEEN:}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 

\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027  }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 GROUP LIMITED
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 PLAINTIFF
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 AND}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 :}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12022027 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 AMIT KUMAR AND SANDHYA LAXMI
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid12022027 DEFENDANTS
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
This is an application under Order 88 of the High Court Rules in respect of a Housing Authority Lease Number 174744 being Lot 81 on Deposited Plan 4130.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 The plaintiff is seeking vacant possession and an order restraining the defendants from interfering with the improvements on the property.
\par 
\par I had before me three affidavits \endash 
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Affidavit dated 10th July 2002 sworn by Sunil Kalyan on behalf of the plaintiff.
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\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Affidavit dated 7th August 2002 sworn by Amit Kumar one of the defendants.
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\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Affidavit dated 30th August 2002 sworn by Christopher Robin Griffiths.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid10627913 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Certain facts are not in dispute.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
It is agreed that mortgage number 391919 was executed on 16th February 1996.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
At the time of the execution of mortgage the defendants were Bank officers.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
It is also agreed that the defendants have three accounts with the plaintiff\rquote  Bank.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
These are an overdraft account, a term loan account and a housing loan account.
\par 
\par The first preliminary issue raised by Mr. D. Sharma was that the original mortgage was not produced to the court.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
The usual practice in Order 88 applications is to annex a true copy of the mortgage and to produce the duplicate of the registered mortgage on hearing.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 The original is always kept at the titles Office and if Mr. Sharma\rquote s submission were correct, the Registrar of Titles would need to be subpoened on each o
ccasion to produce the mortgage.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Mr. Sharma\rquote 
s query is answered by Cross on Evidence 2nd New Zealand edition at page 574 where it states \endash 
\par 
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There are certain private documents which must be filed in a Court or other public office and when they are thus filed, the copy issued by the Court or other office may be treated as the original.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Thus the second executed copy of a Memorandum of Mortgage registered under the Land Transfer Act 1952 is an original.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par The mortgage produced in court was the second executed copy of the registered mortgage.
\par 
\par The next issue raised by the defendants was that the mortgage only covered the Housing loan and not the other two loans.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
Paragraph 12 of SUNIL KALYANS affidavit dated 10th July 2002 shows the state of the three accounts as at the date of issue of this action.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 In respect of Housing Loan it says, }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
arrears as at approximate date of issue of this action (instalments and interests) nil.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 The defendants submit that since there were no arrears on housing loan there was no default under the mortgage and the action is misconceived.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 The right to ejectment depends upon default say the defendants.
\par 
\par This is an action based on mortgage so the terms of the mortgage have to be considered.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
One of the considerations for which the mortgage was executed was }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
in consideration of all other sum and sums of money now or which may hereafter become due or owing from the Customer or the Mortgagor to the Bank}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 .}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 It goes on and the relevant portion of clause 1 reads }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
THAT the mortgagor will }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 on demand}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913  in writing pay to the Bank }{
\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 all and every sums}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
 and sum of money loans and advances made by the Bank or which may hereafter be lent or made by the Bank\'85}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 ' }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par [the underlining is for emphasis]
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par The words of the mortgage are wide enough to encompass moneys due under any account.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
Additionally annexure A to the affidavit of Christopher Robin Griffiths sworn on 30th August 2002 refers to the three accounts.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 In }
{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 General}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913  }{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Conditions}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913  contained in that annexure is the clause 
\endash 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 (i)\tab 
All facilities are repayable on demand \'85}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par The defendants were Bank officers and they signed acceptance of these conditions.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
The mortgage therefore is a mortgage repayable on demand.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 It is not disputed that some moneys are owing by the defendants.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Clause 12 of the mortgage provides that upon d
efault in payment the mortgagee may enter into possession or bring an action of ejectment to recover possession of the land.
\par 
\par In addition the mortgagee has certain statutory powers under the Property Law Act Cap 130.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Section 75 of that Act gives a mortgage
e power to enter into possession by receiving rents or profits or to distress upon any tenant on the land if there is default in payment under the mortgage.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Section 79 gives the mortgagee power to sell if there is default in payments or in performance of a
ny covenant and such default continues for a period of thirty days after service of notice under Section 77.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
At common law the mortgagee had the right to possession of mortgaged property \endash  see }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Weston Bank Ltd v. Schindler}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913  1977 1 Ch. 1 where at page 20 Lord Goff said }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
It has for a very long time been established law that a mortgagee has a proprietary right at common law as owner of the legal estate to go into possession of the mortgaged property.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par Hence the mortgagee in the present case has its contractual powers under the mortgage to take proceedings for ejectment, the statutory powers under the Property Law Act and its powers under common law to enter into possession.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 These powers have not been negatived by the mortgage.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 The mortgagee therefore is entitled to the possession.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par 
\par Thirdly Mr. Sharma submitted that the Consumer Credit Act is now in force.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
He argued that even though the mortgage was executed before the Consumer Credit Act came into force, nevertheless, its provisions relating to enforcement of mortgages applied to these mortgages.
\par 
\par The starting point is Section 14 of the Interpretation Act which reads \endash 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
Where any written law, or part thereof, came or comes into operation, on a particular day, it shall be deemed to have come or shall come into operation immediately on the expiration of the day next preceding such day.}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par Section 22 of the Interpretation Act enables subsidiary legislation to operate retrospectively it as long as it is not beyond the commencement day of the main Act.
\par 
\par In }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Turnbull v. Foreman}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913  1885 13 Q.B.D. 234 at 236 in discussing effect of legislation it is stated \endash 

\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
Unless the language used is clear to the contrary, an enactment affecting rights must be construed prospectively only and not retrospectively so as to affect rights accrued before the Act passed.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par Bowen L.J. in the same case at p. 238 said}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \endash }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
Where the legislature mean to take away or lessen rights acquired previously to the passing of an enactment, it is reasonable to suppose that they would use clear language for t
he purpose of doing so, or, to put the same thing in a somewhat different form, if the words are not unequivocally clear to the contrary, a provision must be construed as not intended to take away or lessen existing rights \'85}{
\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 '}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par A mortgage creates certain rights and obligations not least of which in this case is the mortgagee\rquote s right to re}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
enter after default.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
The mortgage in clause 13 refers to section 77 of the Property Law Act and the period of one month is reduced to one day.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
If what Mr. Sharma is submitting is correct, then that is asking me to rewrite clause 13 of the mortgage.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
That would be a gross violation of the rights of the mortgagee to give an early default notice.
\par 
\par A mortgage is a contract between a mortgagee and mortgagor.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 The terms of mortgages
 vary infinitely depending on what the parties agree to.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
There is nothing in the Consumer Credit Act to show that legislature intended to streamline enforcement procedures to mortgages which already existed.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Accordingly I conclude that this submission fails.
\par 
\par I therefore hold that there was default, a notice was given and upon the defendants failing to rectify the default, these proceedings were taken.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Order 88 has been complied with.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
In its affidavit in support, the plaintiff also asked for an injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with improvements to the property.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 This type of order is regularly asked by applicants under Order 88.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 In the originating summons the plaintiff failed to refer to the Order under which it was seeking the injurictory relief.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 I do not consider that an experienced counsel like Mr. Sharma would be prejudiced or misled by such omission.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Such omission I hold was not fatal in view of the application for it under the affidavit
\par 
\par For above reasons, I grant the following orders}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 :}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
that the defendants or current occupants forthwith deliver vacant possession of the land comprised in Housing Authority sub}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913 -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
lease Number 174744 being Lot 81 on DP 4130.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 that the defendants, their servants or agents or employees are restrained from in
terfering with improvements on the said property.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 Costs to be taxed if not agreed.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 [ Jiten Singh ]
\par JUDGE
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10627913 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 
\par At Suva
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10627913  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12022027\charrsid10627913 January 2003
\par }}