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{\creatim\yr2006\mo2\dy13\hr10\min30}{\revtim\yr2006\mo2\dy13\hr10\min30}{\version2}{\edmins1}{\nofpages3}{\nofwords772}{\nofchars4401}{\*\company Judicial Department}{\nofcharsws5163}{\vern16391}}\margl2160\margr2160 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\horzdoc\dghspace0\dgvspace0\dghorigin0\dgvorigin0\dghshow0\dgvshow0\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot2652127 \fet0\sectd \linex0\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (} {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT SUVA \par CIVIL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 CIVIL ACTION NO. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid15879450 HBC0}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 188 OF 2001 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Between: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 LIVAI NATOVAKALAU \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Plaintiff}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 and}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 JAMES DANFORD \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Mr. E. Veretawatini for the Plaintiff \par Mr. K. Marawai for the Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 DECISION}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 This is the defendant\rquote s summons dated 25 July 2002 seeking an order that the judgment entered against him in this action on 20 June 2001 in default of}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Notice of Intention to Defend be set aside on the grounds set out in his affidavits in support. \par \par The main reason which he gives in his first affidavit for failing to file his Statement of Defence is: \lquote }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 I was busy on duty attending to sick patients at the Korovou Hospital, as it was my duty and obligation that I took oath on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \rquote .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 In his \lquote }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Amended}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Affidavit in Support}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \rquote he says that he has a valid defence to the plaintiff\rquote s claim.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 He stresses the point that the 30% disability claim by the Plaintiff at the hearing of assessment of damages to his right eye, did not result from the fight in question.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 He says that by this \lquote misinformation\rquote the plaintiff has \lquote caused injustice\rquote to him in the context of the damages to be assessed.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The defendant further refers to the Deputy Registrar\rquote s}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 statement in his Ruling (on Assessment of Damages) of 11 July 2002 that \lquote }{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 the Defendant to file the summons to set aside the Default Judgment and seek leave to file his defence}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \rquote .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Hence this application. \par \par The application is vigorously opposed by the plaintiff.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The detailed facts surrounding this case are set out in the plaintiff\rquote s affidavit in opposition and filed in Court. \par \par Briefly, the plaintiff says that after service of writ of summons on the defendant he did not do anything and judgment was obtained against him on 20 June 2001.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 When it came to assessment of damages, the defendant after leave was granted by the Deput y Registrar, filed his written submission through his solicitor on 27 June 2002, but instead of confining himself to \lquote quantum\rquote he went on to dispute liability which was not the issue at the material time.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 As a result the Deputy Registrar who was to assess damages gave the defendant leave to file an application to set aside the said judgment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The plaintiff thinks that this is a \lquote }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 very highly irregular decision}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \rquote .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 He says that it has taken the defendant \lquote exactly one year\rquote to file this application.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The plaintiff says that no good reason has been advanced to set aside. \par \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Consideration of the issue \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par This is a default judgment which reads: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \'93 No Defence having been filed by the Defendant in the within action.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 It is this day adjudged that the Defendant do pay damages to the plaintiff to be assessed with costs\'94. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The reason given by the defendant in his first affidavit for not filing his Statement of Defence is no reason at all for the Court to set aside the judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 However, in his Amended Affidavit he has raised a solid defence as it affects assessment of damages greatly.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 To entitle the plaintiff to damages for eye injury it has to be proved.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The question of liability arises, namely, whether the alleged injury arose as a result of the \lquote fight\rquote etc. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par The Deputy Registrar before whom assessment of damages was placed was put in a dilemma judging from his said Ruling.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 He could not proceed with assessment because of matters raised by the defendant particularly his denial of liability for the injuries allegedly suffered by the plaintiff.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The Registrar in his Ruling said: \lquote }{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 I therefore order the Defendant to file the summons}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 to set aside the Default Judgment and seek leave to file his defence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 .\rquote }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 This the defendant did on 25 July 2002. \par \par Bearing in mind the above circumstances, although the application is made out of time, the circumstances in my view require judgment to be set aside (}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Beale v Macgregor}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 , 2 T.L.R. 311).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Although the judgment was regular but not on merits, there is an affidavit of merits i.e. an affidavit stating facts showing a substantial ground of defence [}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Farden v Richter} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 (1889), 23 Q.B.D. 124]. \par \par In all the circumstances of this case I adopt the following \lquote headnote\rquote to }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Maclaurin v Little}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 (1906) 9 G.L.R. 348 which correctly states the effect of the decision of }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Chapman J.}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The headnote reads: \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li720\ri720\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid2652127 \b\i\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Where judgment by default was entered by the plaintiffs, and it appeared that a slip had been made as to the time within which a defence ought to have been filed, and the affidavit filed by the defendant showed a good defence to th e action, the judgment was set aside at defendant\rquote s cost, defendant to have liberty to file a defence within four days, failing which the judgment was to stand.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri720\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\b0\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2652127\charrsid2652127 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Although there has been a failure to file a Defence within time, it should not in the situation here cause the Court to refuse to exercise its discretion.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The failure has been satisfactorily explained and I find merit in the proposed defence that has been annexed to his affidavit [}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Howell v Ngakapa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 (1895) 13 N.Z.L.R. 298]. \par \par For these reasons, the judgment by default will be set aside.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 The defendant has liberty to file a statement of defence within 14 days from the date of this order failing which the judgment will stand. I fix the costs of this summons against the defendant at $250.00 to be paid within 7 days. }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid2652127 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 D. Pathik \par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 Judge \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2652127 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid0\langnp2057\insrsid12138230\charrsid2652127 At Suva \par 23 May 2003 \par }}