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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LABASA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 CIVIL ACTION NO. 28 OF 2002
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ALI\rquote S CIVIL ENGINEERING LIMITED
\par ALEBASOGA TROPIKBOARDS LMITED
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Plaintiffs/Applicants
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 FIJI DEVELOPMENT BANK
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 1st Defendant/
\par 1st Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 CHIRK YAM and ILAITIA BOILA
\par and PRICE WATERHOUSE COOPERS
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2nd Defendants/
\par 2nd Respondents
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\par Mr. W. Archibald for the Plaintiffs
\par Mr. D. Sharma for the 1st Defendant
\par Mr. J. Apted for the 2nd Defendants
\par 
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\par The Court has three motions before it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
They are interlocutory proceedings, separately filed by each of the parties to this action as follows:
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (A)\tab The plaintiffs\rquote  application filed 25 April 2002
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The plaintiffs seek the following relief and orders:-
\par }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
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\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 First Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 cease exercising its rights}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  as mortgagee under Deed of Debenture executed by the Second Applicant and dated 9th August 1993; and
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls18\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Second Respondents cease exercising their rights}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  as receivers and mana
gers under the deed of appointment executed by the First Respondent as mortgagee under the deed of debenture dated 9th August 1993 and accepted by themselves on 1st May 2001; and
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls18\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
First and Second respondents deliver possession}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the Second Applicant\rquote s undertaking, property stock-in-trade, and book debts to the Second Applicant; and that
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\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (d)\tab The }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 first Respondent be restrained}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 from exercising all or any of its rights as mortgagee under the securities granted by the First and Second Plaintiffs to it
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 the trial of this action and further order or orders of this Honourable Court; and
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\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 \tab }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 for such }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 FURTHER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 or }{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 OTHER ORDERS }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 as this Honourable Court deems just.
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\par The learned counsel for the plaintiffs, Mr. Wendell Archibald says in the motion that the grounds on which this application is made are:
\par 
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{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls47\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 the Plaintiffs have a serious case to be tried in these proceedings; and
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\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls47\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls47\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That should the plaintiffs do succeed at the trial, an award of damages would not adequately}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 compensate the plaintiffs for losses incurred between the date hereof and the date of the trial; or
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\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls47\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls47\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That the balance of convenience favour the plaintiffs
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Upon the further grounds-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (a)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Appearing in the affidavit of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 BAHADUR ALI}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  (father\rquote s name Jamalud Din) sworn and filed herein; and}{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (b)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Appearing in the statement of claim filed herein}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (B)\tab The first defendant\rquote s application (the \lquote Bank\rquote ) filed 13 May 2002
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The second application is by the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bank}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  dated }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
13 May 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  to strike out the plaintiffs\rquote  action on the following grounds:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 No prior consent obtained from Directors of Lands to institute the action.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
No prior consent was obtained from Second Defendants to institute the action and/or alternatively no indemnity has been offered by 2nd Plaintiff together with an offer to pay the amount owing under the First Defendant\rquote s Debenture into Court.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That the First Plaintiff has no locus to be party to the action.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par This Application is made under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Order 18 Rule 19(a)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 High Court Rules 1988.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The 1st Defendant will rely upon
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (a)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Sec
tion 13 of the Crown Lands Act, Cap 132
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (b)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The interlocutory Judgement of the High Court in Civil Action No. 183 of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 2001 on the issue of locus; and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (c)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The affidavit filed of Chirk Yam filed on behalf of the Second Defendant setting out further grounds of abuse of process.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (C)\tab The second defendants\rquote  application (as amended) (\lquote 
Receivers\rquote ) filed 10 May 2002
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls45\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls45\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  under }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 O.18 rl8(1)(a), (b)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (d}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ) of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 High Court Rule}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
s, 1998 and under the inherent jurisdiction of the Court that the Statement of Claim in this Action be wholly struck out as against the Second Defendants and that the action be dismissed against the Second Defendants, on the grounds that \endash 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (i)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
it discloses no reasonable cause of action; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (ii)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
it is scandalous, frivolous or vexatious; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls46\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnb1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls46\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It is otherwise an abuse of the process of the court;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls45\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls45\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 further or in the alternative }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 O. 18 r18(a), (b) and (d) }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 High Court Rules, 1988}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 and the inherent jurisdiction of the Court that various specific paragraphs of the S
tatement of Claim which refer to the Second Defendants be wholly struck out or at least reference to the Second Defendants in all (or alternatively any) of those paragraphs be struck out and the Plaintiffs\rquote 
 claims against the Second Defendants be dismissed-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (c)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
further or in the alternative }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 under }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 o.18 r18(1)(a), (b) and (d)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
High Court Rules, 1988}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and the inherent jurisdiction of the Court that paragraph 1 be wholly struck out and the following paragraphs or alternatively the references to 
ACEL in all (or alternatively any) of the paragraphs of the Statements of Claim be struck out which refer to ACEL and the ACEL\rquote S claims against the Second Defendants be dismissed-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 on the grounds that \endash 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (i)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
they disclose no reasonable cause of action; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (ii)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
they are scandalous, frivolous or vexations; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls48\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnb1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls48\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 they are otherwise an abuse of the process of the court;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 further or in the alternative }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 under }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 o.18 r18(1)(a), (b) and (d)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
High Court Rules 1988}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , and the inherent jurisdiction of the Court that paragraph 2 be wholly struck}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 out and the paragraphs or alternatively the references to the Tropikboards in all (or alternatively any) of the paragraphs of}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 the Statement of Claim be struck out and the Tropikboard\rquote s claims against the Second Defendants be dismissed-

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 On the grounds that-
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (i)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
they disclose no reasonable cause of action; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (ii)\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
they are scandalous, frivolous or vexatious; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls49\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnb1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls49\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 they are otherwise an abuse of the process of the court;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 further or in the alternative }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 o.15 r6(2)(a}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ) of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
the High Court Rules 1988, that the Tropikboards should cease to be a party and be struck out of the action together with all references to it in the Statement of Claim and its claims dismissed;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 further or in the alternative }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 under o.15 r6(2)(a) of the High Court Rules 1988, that the Tropikboards should}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
cease to be a party and be struck out of the action together with all references to it in the Statement of Claim and its claims dismissed;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  further}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 or in the alternative }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 under }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 o.18 r18 or o.15 r6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 or the inherent jurisdiction of the Court that the action be stayed until ACEL and Tropikboards provide to the Second Defendants on behalf of the Second Plaintiff, a security for the costs of defending the action, to be a
ssessed by the Court on an indemnity basis ad paid by a date to be ordered by the Court;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 further or in the alternative }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 o.15 r6(2)(a)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 High Court Rules 1988}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 the PricewaterhouseCoopers should cease to be a Defendant to the action; and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 AN ORDER}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 that the ACEL and the directors and/or shareholders of the Tropikboards pay the Tropikboards and Second Defendants; cost of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 this application and all incidental costs hereto;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (j)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls43\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls43\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Such further Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 as this Honourable Court deems just.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Description of parties
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The parties to this action are referred to as hereunder in these applications:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (a)\tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Ali
\rquote s Civil Engineering Limited
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 which is the First Plaintiff- the First Applicant (}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ACEL}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 )
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (b)\tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Valebasoga Tropikboards}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Limited\tab }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 which is the Second Plaintiff- the Second Applicant (\lquote }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote )
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (c)\tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Fiji Development Bank}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 which is the First Defendant- the First Respondent (\lquote the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bank}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote )
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (d)\tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Chirk Yam and Ilaitia}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Boila and Price Waterhouse Coopers}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 who are the Second Defendants - the second respondents (\lquote }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Receivers}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The plaintiffs
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The 2 Plaintiffs in this Action are registered companies, beneficially owned by Mr. Bahadur Ali and his wife Jaibul Nisha.
\par 
\par The first Plaintiff, }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (\'93ACEL\'94)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , is in the business of civil engineering.
\par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Second Plaintiff, (\'93}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Tropikboards}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'94)
 carries out business at Labasa as sawmillers and plywood and veneer manufacturers. It is presently under the Receivership and Management of Mr. Chirk Yam and Mr. Ilatia Boila (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93
the Receivers\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ), two of three- named Second Defendants, who were appointed by the First Defendant }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (\'93FDB\'94).

\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \i\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ACEL}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  is for all intents and purposes controlled by Mr. Ali, as was Tropikboards until the appointment of the Receivers.
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \i\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Defendants

\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \i\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The First Defendant
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The First Defendant in this Action is the FDB, a statutory body, established by the Fiji Development Bank Act (Cap. 214). Its operations (including its dealings with the Plaintiffs which are the subject of this Action) are subject to and include}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713  powers given to it by the Act.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Second Defendants
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par There are 3 named Second Defendants
\par 
\par The first 2 are Chirk Yam and Ilaitia Boila who were appointed as Receivers and Managers of Tropikboards by the FDB on 1 May 2001 and took possession of Tropikboards}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 assets on 11 May 2001.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Both Mr. Yam and Mr. Boila are among the partners of the firm of Price Waterhouse Coopers }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (\'93PWC\'94).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 \i\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
PWC are the third- named of the Second Defendants to this Action. One of the alternative interlocutory orders sought by the Second Defendants is an application to have PWC struck out as a party and the claims against them dismissed.
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par Introduction
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par As ordered, all three counsels made helpful comprehensive written submissions.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
I must commend them for putting in so much hard work in the compilation and preparation of these submissions.
\par 
\par In support of the above motions, affidavits have been filed as well as affidavits in response by the respective parties.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 These affidavits together with annexures have become voluminous.
\par 
\par There have been a number of actions in the High Court involving the parties.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 In an earlier case (}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Civil Action No. 183 of 2001)}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 factual background relating to this action are set out by me in an interlocutory application brought by the Receivers, the Bank and the Merchant Bank of Fiji against Bahadur Ali and his sons.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Mr. Apted has also in his written submissions at pages 7 to 12 herein stated in considerable detail the backgrou}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 nd facts involving the parties.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par Because of defaults in payments to the Bank, a demand was made under the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 in question in this action. The receivers were appointed and they went into possession of the second plaintiff\rquote s assets.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Then there followed a series of actions in the High Courts of Fiji. This present action is the ninth action that has been filed in this Court arising out of the Receivership of the second
 plaintiff.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 A summary of these cases is outlined in Mr Apted\rquote 
s said submission at pages 12 to 20 and I need not set them out in this decision as they are not altogether relevant to the issues before me.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979 
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 History of this action (C.A. 28/02)
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The route that this action has taken is as follows:-
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Writ of Summons was issued }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 25 April 2002
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 14 May 2002}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 orders were made for filing of affidavits in reply to plaintiffs\rquote  application}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 From}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 7 June to 23 July 2002 }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 various orders were made in the three motions and applications heard.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Final hearing was }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 22 July 2002}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The decision was to be given on notice.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Writ of Summons in C.A. No. 183/01 was filed against Bahadur Ali, and Niwaz Ali as Directors of Valebasoga Tropikboards Limited (VTL) by the plaintiffs in that action, namely, the Receivers, the Bank and Merchant Bank of Fiji}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 C.A. 183/01 is not disposed yet.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 An interlocutory judgment was given by me in that case on }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2 November 2001
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
When another application was made in that case judgment in this action (28/02) was to be deferred as counsel consented because the parties were discussing settlement.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls50\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnb0\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls50\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
It was not until settlement talks failed that counsel stated that I now write decision in 28/02 while 183/01 was to be held in abeyance pending my decision in 28/02.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par Hence this decision although rather belated for the reasons given hereabove. }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par Events surrounding the case leading to the exercise by the Bank of its powers under the debenture
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The background facts leading to the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bank }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 exercising its powers under the debenture is
 well set out by Mr. Sharma in his written submissions at pages 6 to 8 as stated below:
\par 
\par On 28th May 1993, VTL was approved a loan of $3,070,750.00 by the Bank. A copy of the loan approval letter dated 28th May 1993 is exhibited to Ali\rquote s Affidavit filed on 25th April 2002 as Annexure C.
\par 
\par To secure this loan, VTL agreed to give the following security:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Registered 1st Mortgage}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  over LD No. 4/9/3747 Lot 2 on Plan DP702}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Nayaca Subdivision with improvements and buildings to be constructed thereon.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bill of Sale}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  o
ver machinery and plant, vehicles and logging plants;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 over VTL\rquote s assets and undertakings including uncalled capital
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Registered 3rd Party 2nd Mortgage over CL 2994.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Joint and Several Guarantees of Directors of VTL
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Guarantee by Acel
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls38\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls38\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Insurance over assets
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par This is fully stated on page 2 of the Loan Letter. The terms and conditions contained therein was unconditionally accepted by VTL and signed by Ali as one of the Directors.
\par 
\par All of the above securities were requested by the Bank for that one loan to VTL.
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 :

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls39\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}
\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls39\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 executed the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Deed of Debenture}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  on }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 9th August 1993}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls39\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta .}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls39\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 executed }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Mortgage over}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  Approval Notice LD4/9/ 3747 (which Approval Notice was}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 later on registered with the Registrar of Title and became }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lease No. 12023}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  to mortgage }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crow
n Lease No. 12023 }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 was }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 obtained}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  from the 

\par Director of Lands and which was endorsed on the mortgage document on 31st August 1993.
\par 
\par Subsequently, }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 further loans}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  were approved to VTL and on each occasion, the Director of Lands }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  was applied for and}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  obtained}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  for the up- stamping of the mortgage over Crown Lease No. 12023. Such consent was endorsed on the 1st November 1994 when}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 the loan was increased to }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 $7,001,600.64}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 and on 15th June 1995 when the loan was increased to }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 $8,524,190.06.
\par 
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Director of Lands}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  was therefore }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 fully aware}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the Bank\rquote 
s loans to VTL and whose consent was obtained for the first loan and further loans approved to VTL.
\par 
\par There have been numerous defaults by VTL in the payment of loan and the Bank had from time to time rescheduled the payment to assist VTL to pay off the loan.
\par 
\par Despite the Bank\rquote s accommodation and consideration, VTL continued making defaults in payment of its monthly instalments to the Bank while at the same time paying all its other creditors.
\par 
\par The history of the account is fully stated in annexure }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 L }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 of }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Salote\rquote s Affidavit}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  filed on 21st May 2002.
\par 
\par Since VTL continued defaults in its repayments, the Bank issued }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Demand under Debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  on }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 7th March 2001}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  demanding the payment of the sum of $9,703,904.91 together with interest a
t the rate of 10.5% per annum 1st March 2001 until full payment.
\par 
\par VTL failed to pay the amount demanded as a result of which the Bank }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 appointed the Receivers}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  on }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 1st May 2001}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .
\par 
\par The Receivers took possession and management of VTL\rquote s business with the consent and approval of the Bank.
\par 
\par Ali and his agents did not co-operate with the Receivers as a result of which the Receivers and the Bank instituted Suva High Court Action No. }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 HBC 183 of 2001}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and obtained Orders that Ali and others forthwith hand over possession and of VTL\rquote 
s business and property to the Receivers and further restraining them from interfering in any way with the Receivers\rquote  right and obligations to manage, control and operate the said business.
\par 
\par Despite such Orders, Ali and others have continued interfering and placing obstacles to the Receivers\rquote  rights and obligations.
\par 
\par Ali has also filed several court actions against the Receivers and the Bank trying to remove the Receivers and claim damages from the Bank.
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The present applications
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 plaintiffs}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 want the debenture in question declared null and void because of the alleged lack of consent to it by the Director of Lands whereas the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 defendants }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 want the pleadings to be struck out.
\par 
\par The }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 issue of the consent }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 is an important matter for it goes to the heart of the action.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Depending on Court\rquote 
s determination on this aspect the rest of the issues in the applications could then be properly considered.
\par 
\par It is}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Mr. Apted\rquote 
s submission though that Court deal first with the applications for striking out filed by the defendants because he says, that the plaintiffs\rquote 
 whole entitlement to the interlocutory relief that they seek depends on the prior question of whether they have the standing to bring their action, and whether that action can otherwise be properly maintained.
\par 
\par He further says that the plaintiffs have no entitlement to interim or interlocutory relief unless they have an entitlement to the substantive relief they seek.
\par 
\par I have considered this submission, and in view of what I have stated above, I prefer to deal with the plaintiffs\rquote  application first and then the other two for if I accepted Mr. Apted\rquote s suggestion it would in my view with respect be put}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 ting the cart before the horse.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par Plaintiffs\rquote  submissions
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par On 25 April 2002 }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ACEL}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  instituted the present action and also filed an application seeking the following interim relief: (a) }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
a declaration}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  that the Bank\rquote s Deed of Debenture of 9 August 1993 is null and void, (b) a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 declaration}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  that the appointment of the Receivers on 1st May 2001 is null and void, (c) an }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 order}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  that the receiver had been trespassing in VTL\rquote s property and chattels from 1st May 2001 and (d) an order that the Receivers stop any further trespass and to immediately ha}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 nd VTL\rquote S property and chattels.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par It is }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ACEL}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL\rquote S}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  contention as stated in their affidavits filed in support of their application:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls51\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta .}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls51\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 that the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bank\rquote 
s Deed of Debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  is comprised of, inter alia, a fixed charge over VTL\rquote s }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 leasehold property}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  which was given or made without prior consent of the Director of Lands and therefore in contravention of the provisions of Section 13 of the Crown Lands Act, Cap. 132;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls51\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta .}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls51\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
that the Deed of Appointment of the Receivers was made without the consent of the Director of Lands.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 On injunction}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  in his submission }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Mr. Archibald}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  for the plaintiffs dealt with the principles applicable for the grant of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 interlocutory injunction}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  as laid down in the well-known case of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 American Cyanamid Co. v. Ethicon Ltd }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 [1975] AC 196 H.L.
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Mr. Archibald}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  submits that }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ACEL}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 have the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 locus standi}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  to bring this action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Counsel goes on to deal with what took place in }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Civil Action No. 183 of 2001}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that in this case there is a }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 serious question}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  to be tried.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He submits that the power of appointment by which the Receivers and Managers were appointed by the first resp
ondent is bad because it was in the circumstances, beyond the power of the mortgagor company to lawfully create the charge contained in the deed.
\par 
\par Counsel submitted that, }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 firstly}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , there was breach of duty on the part of}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 the Bank by not granting funds to cover working capital to VTL needed or by allowing it extra time on the official 
\'936 month moratorium\'94 on payments.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Secondly}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , he submits that had the Bank been committed to \'93acting in good faith\'94 it would have served the notice required by section 33(2) of th
e Fiji Development Bank Act on VTL and stated why it considered necessary to take that step.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Instead it simply chose to demand payment of all loan moneys and interest owing thereon. 
\par 
\par The }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 third }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 breach counsel submits is that before taking a decision to app
oint a receiver out of Court, it is to be expected that the Bank would check the documents so as to ensure that the document creating the charge was valid and that the power to appoint a receiver was properly exercisable.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 deed of Debenture
 dated 9 August 1993}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  was }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 created over all freehold and leasehold property of the mortgagor}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Bank knew that }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lease No. 12023 }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 held by its mortgagor the VTL was a \'93}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 protected lease}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'94 because in July 1993 it took precaution of obtaining the consent of t
he Director of Lands to the Land Transfer Mortgage it subsequently registered at the Registrar of Titles Office as Mortgage No. 344611.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Bank was aware of the provisions of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 section 13}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lands Act}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He submits that if the Bank made an \'93honest mistake\'94
 of omission in 1993 by not obtaining the consent of the Director of Lands to the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 deed of debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
, the re-examination of the document which must have taken place between March 2001 and 1st May 2001 would surely have drawn its attention to the flaw in its power to appoint a receiver and manager under the deed of debenture.
\par 
\par On the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 issue of consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  Mr. Archibald\rquote s submission is as follows in his own words:
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls52\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls52\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That it is clear, on well established Fiji authorities, that a }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 charge}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  over}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown leasehold lan
d which falls in the class of leases defined by section 13 of the Crown Lands Act is unlawful and also null and void unless it is made with the prior authority of the Director of Lands (see for instance }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Director of Lands v. Abdul Razak}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  (unreported) Civil Appeal No. 10 of 1993, CA.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls52\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls52\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
That although the deed of debenture may create a charge over other things which are not Crown leasehold, it is not exempt from the provisions of Section 13 of the Crown Lands Act for the reason that it purports to do the very thi
ng which is prohibited by Section 13 of the Crown Lands Act.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls52\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls52\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 If there is no charge a receiver cannot be appointed by the Bank:}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 See }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Wylie v Carlyon}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  [1992] 1 Ch. 51.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The counsel therefore asks whether the Bank could proceed to act on the debenture to appoint a receiver and manager and take over possession of the mortgagor\rquote s leasehold property, assets and business?}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
He says that a fiduciary duty was owed to its mortgagor which prevented it from doing so and by so acting it committed a breach of its fiduciary }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 duty.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par Mr. Archibald submitted that it was the Receivers\rquote  duty to make sure that the necessary formalities are scrupulously observed and that the power to appoint them has become exercisable.
\par 
\par However, he says that Mr. Yam (Receiver) has stated in his affidavit sworn 18.5.01 in 183/01 in this connection that: \'93prior to accepting my appointment I satisfied myself that to the best of my knowledge there were grounds for the appointment.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The appointment was valid, and since that time I have been acting in accordance with the appointment.\'94
\par 
\par Mr. Archibald submits that despite a search made by Mr. Yam it does not reveal that the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 debenture had not been endorsed with the consent}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the Director of Lands but the Land Transfer mortgage had been.
\par 
\par In support of his argument on this issue Mr. Archibald submitted (in his own words):
\par 
\par A comparison of the operative clause of the Land Transfer mortgage and the operative clause of the deed of debenture would have shown that \endash 
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls53\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls53\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The mortgage\rquote s operative clause was \'93DOTH HEREBY MORTGAGE TO THE MORTGAGEE
\'94; and
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls53\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls53\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The operative clause of the Deed of Debenture was \'93HEREBY CHARGES}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
with such payment all the undertaking and all the property stock-in-trade book and other debts whatsoever and wheresoever present and future including the uncalled capital of the company.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The definition of the term \'93property\'94 in section 2 of the Property Law Act includes \endash  \'93all real and personal property and any estate or interest in real or personal property, and any debt, and any thing in action, and any 
other right or interest\'94
\par 
\par Clause 1 of the conditions endorsed on the deed of debenture makes it evidence that the charge which the deed purported to create operated over \'93all freehold and leasehold property\'94 of the mortgagor.
\par 
\par Counsel finally submits that the appointment of receivers and managers was made for an entirely improper purpose and in breach of every equitable duty owed by the mortgagee and the receivers and managers to}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713  the plaintiffs in this action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979 
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Bank\rquote s submissions on consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par On the question of consent, Mr. Sharma for the Bank argues that after borrowing huge sums of money from the Bank, VTL is now using technicalities in an attempt to declare the debenture null and void.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that no Court will lend its aid to a man who founds his c
ause of action upon his own immoral or illegal act for under }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 section 13}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  as Lessee is obliged to obtain consent from the Director of Lands (if consent was deemed to be necessary).

\par 
\par Mr. Sharma argues that if VTL\rquote s contention of illegality is upheld then VTL\rquote s cause of action arises }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ex turpi causa}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , based on an alleged illegality to which it was the real culprit since it was VTL\rquote s obligation to obtain such consent (if such consent was required at all).
\par 
\par Counsel has made a two - pronged attack on the plaintiffs by submitting that since the action centres around }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lease No. 12023}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 plaintiffs }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 should have obtained prior }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the Director of Lands }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 before}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 instituting this action}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 In the absence of such consent this action should be struck off.
\par 
\par The second line of attack is that the debenture is }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 not}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 null and void because the Bank had already complied with s13 by taking a registered mortgage over the lease which mortgage had been duly consented to by the Director of Lands.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Such consent does not have to be endorsed on the Deed of Debenture.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Mr. Sharma submits that section 13 does not invalidate an instrument but it purports to invalidate a dealing.
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Receivers\rquote  submission}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  
\par 
\par Mr. Apted for the Receivers submits, inter alia, that the affidavit evidence of ACEL does not prove that the Director of Land\rquote s consent was not obtained.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that all it proves is that there is nothing on the Lands Department\rquote s file to show that it was. }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Oral evidence}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  is therefore necessary from those actually involved at that time before the threshold facts giving rise to a claim under section 13 can even begin to be considered.
\par 
\par Counsel argues that \lquote it is the transactions or }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 dealing}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 listed in section 13, not the instruments recording them that are declared unlawful\rquote  (}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Chandra Kant Pala v ANZ & Anor.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  FCA No. 50/91).
\par 
\par He argues that }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s13 }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 does not include \'93}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
charges}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'94 or \'93}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 pledges}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'94
 in the transactions declared to be null and void.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that although a \'93mortgage\'94
 is declared to be null and void, a \'93charge\'94 is not.
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Consideration of the applications
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (A)\tab CONSENT OF DIRECTOR OF LANDS
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The second plaintiff company (}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 VTL}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ) was incorporated on }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 7 April 1993}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 On }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 13 August 1993}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  it gave the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Fiji Development Bank}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  (the \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bank}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote ) a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Mortgage Debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 dated 9 August 1993 (particulars of which were duly registered with the Registrar of Companies on }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 16 August 1993}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 between the 2nd Plaintiff and the Bank) to secure a loan of $3,070,000.00 and further advances and other accommodation which were upstamped from time to time.
\par 
\par By }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 paragraph 3}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Debenture}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , the Company agreed that:
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93
The Company hereby charges with such payment all its undertaking and all its property, stock-in-trade, book and other debts whatsoever and wheresoever present and future including its uncalled capital with the benefit of the securities for the same.\'94

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par Because of default in payment after demand was made on 7 March 2001, the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Receivers}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  were appointed on 1 May }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2003}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the whole of the undertaking, property and assets charged pursuant to the Debenture.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 In this regard }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 item c(1)}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Deed of the Appointment}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 of Receiver and Manager states as follows:
\par 
\par The relevant provisions of the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Deed }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 state \endash 
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls54\pnrnot0\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxta .}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls54\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The Bank appoints the Receiver to be the Receiver and Manager of the whole of the undertaking, property and assets charged pursuant to the
 Debenture and so that the Receiver without limitation shall be vested with and have all the powers authorities and discretions as are available to a Receiver and Manager appointed under the provisions of the Debenture, whether at law, in equity, by statu
te or otherwise.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The VTL gave a mortgage over }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lease LD 4/9/3747}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 over Lot 2 on Plan DO 702 at Nayaca, Labasa the leasehold property on which its operations were and are carried out.
\par 
\par Also, as the lease was a \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 protected lease}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote  the mortgage required the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the Director of Lands under }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
section 13}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lands Act, Cap. 132}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 which was duly given and the mortgage was registered on the title by the Registrar of Titles under the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Land Transfer Act, Cap. 131.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par The said }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 section 13(1)}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , inter alia, provides:
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 13. \endash  (1)}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Whenever in any lease under this Act there has been inserted the following clause:-
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93
This lease is a protected lease under the provisions of the Crown Lands Act\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (hereinafter called a protected lease) it shall not be lawful for the le
ssee thereof to alienate or deal with the land comprised in the lease of any part thereof, whether by sale, transfer or sublease or in any other manner whatsoever, nor to mortgage, charge or pledge the same, without the written consent of the Director of 
L
ands first had and obtained, nor, except at the suit or with the written consent of the Director of Lands, shall any such lease be dealt with by any court of law or under the process of any court of law, nor, without such consent as aforesaid, shall the R
egistrar of Titles register any caveat affecting such lease.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Any sale, transfer, sublease, assignment, mortgage or other alienation or dealing affected without such consent shall be null and void.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (2) \'85.
\par (3) \'85.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par It was a condition of the loan that VTL will issue a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 So on }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 13 August 1993}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bahadur Ali executed a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Deed of Debenture}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  in favour of the Bank on behalf of VTL.
\par 
\par This debenture was registered with the Registrar of Companies in accordance with }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 section 98}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Companies Act Cap 247.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The said }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s.98}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  (in so far as it is relevant) provides:}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979 
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 98. \endash  (1)}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Subject to the provisions of this Part, every charge created after the fixed date by a company registered in Fiji and being a charge to which this section applies shall, so far as any security on the company\rquote 
s property or undertaking is conferred thereby, be void against the liquidator and any creditor of the company, unless the prescribed particulars of the charge, together with the original or a copy certified in the prescribed manner of the in
strument, if any, by which the charge is created or evidenced, are delivered to or received by the registrar for registration within 42 days after the date of its creation, but without prejudice to any contract or obligation for repayment of the money the
reby secured, and, when a charge becomes void under this section, the money secured thereby shall immediately become payable. 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 This section applies to the following charges:-
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (a)\tab a charge for the purpose of securing any issue of debentures;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge on uncalled share capital of the company;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge created or evidenced by an instrument which, if
 executed by an individual, would require registration as an instrument under the Bills of Sale Act;}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
(Cap. 225.)
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge on real property, wherever situate, or any interest therein;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge on book debts of the company;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a floating charge on the undertaking or property of the company;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (g)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge on calls made but not paid;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (h)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge on a ship or any share in a ship;
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls60\pnrnot0\pnlcltr\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls60\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 a charge on goodwill, on a patent or a
 licence under a patent, on a trade mark or on a copyright or a licence under a copyright.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par For the present purpose the following terms of the Endorsed Conditions of the debenture is relevant:
\par 
\par The Charge hereby created shall operate as a fixed charge as
 regards all freehold and leasehold property buildings structures erections uncalled capital vehicles engines machinery plant tools equipment books of account vouchers and other documents relating in any way to the business transactions of the Company and
 shall operate as a floating security only as regards all other assets hereby charged }{\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 BUT}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 so that the Company shall not be at liberty to create any mortgage or charge in priority to or pari passu with this security.
\par 
\par There was no need to register the debenture against the title under the Land Transfer Act as there is no provision under that Act for such registration.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It was, however, registered under }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s98}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 as required of companies under the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Companies Act}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par In this case there was a covenant in the debenture which created a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 fixed charge}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  on the land.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
A fixed charge is neither operative nor effective unless it is acted upon and it is secured by the specific mortgage that is duly executed and registered against the land in question.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }
{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Creating a fixed charge }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 does not constitute an interest in the land}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
To make this charge effective the parties must register a mortgage against the land and this is what was done in this case.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Here a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lease}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 was involved and therefore the Director\rquote s consent had to be obtained under 13 and endorsed on the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 mortgage}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  which satisfied the requirements of s13 in that the Director\rquote s consent to the borrowing and charge over the land has been obtained.
\par 
\par In these circumstances s13 has been }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 complied with}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  without the need to have the consent en
dorsed on the debenture so long as the Mortgage is endorsed.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 As I said before, the charge was registered under }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s98(2)(d)}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Companies Act}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  as required by law.
\par 
\par Talking of \lquote debenture\rquote , it is not registrable over land and so on its own it cannot operate to create an }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 interest in land}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 I refer to }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s98(b)}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the Companies Act which deals with \lquote registration of charges\rquote  which provides:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 98(b)}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  the holding of debentures entitling the holder to a charge on real property }{\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 shall not}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , for the purposes of this section, }{\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 be deemed to be an interest in real property}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  (emphasis mine)
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par In the context of this case when one is dealing with a \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote 
 and the alleged need for the Director of Land\rquote s }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 consent}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , one has to have a clear understanding of what a 
\lquote debenture\rquote  is.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 This has been explained as follows in }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Fisher & Lightwood\rquote s Law of Mortgage}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , Aust. Ed, at 211 thus:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The word \lquote debenture\rquote  is a very old one and ap}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 pears to have derived from the L}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 atin \lquote debentur mihi\rquote }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (\lquote I am endebted\rquote ), with which acknowledgments of debt former
ly commenced: Levy v Abercorris Slate and Slab Co (1887) 37 Ch D 260 at 264.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Thus the root meaning of debenture is \lquote indebtedness\rquote , and the word may be used in a very general sense in this way: see Lemon v Austin Friars Investment Trust Ltd [1926] Ch 1}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10562713 .}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 In commercial matters the term \lquote debenture\rquote 
 is nowadays usually associated with evidence of a loan made to a company.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The memorandum of association and the powers conferred by the Corporations Law usually empower a company to raise money by borrowing: see [12.1] and Knights-bridge Estates Trust Ltd v Byrne [1940] AC 613; [1940] 2 All ER 401, H.L.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par In this case, there is a \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 debenture deed}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote 
 and where such a deed contains a mortgage of specific property, as in this case, the debenture holder has a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 mortgagee\rquote s powers of sale}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and foreclosure in respect thereof.
\par 
\par In these circumstances the Bank proceeded to appoint the Receivers pursuant to the provisions of the Debenture in question.
\par 
\par Here the mortgage has been registered to secure the borrowing under the debenture hence it is not a requirement to obtain the Director\rquote s consent to the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 debenture }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 since he had consented to the mortgage and was aware of the debenture which concerned the borrowing against the land.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713 
 }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Therefore consenting to the dealing by the Director endorsing his consent on the }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 mortgage }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 was, in my view, a full compliance with the requirements of section 13.
\par 
\par It is interesting to note the provisions of s13, and I agree with Mr. Sharma with his arguments in this connection, namely, the nullity clause which reads: \'93}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Any sale, transfer, sublease, assignment, mortgage or other alienation or dealing}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \lquote 
affected without such consent shall be null and void}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'94, does not pertain to charges or pledges.
\par 
\par A charge or pledge is not an alienation or dealing in the land.
\par 
\par The borrowing under the debenture is secured by registering a mortgage over the land.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
This is what was done in this case.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Hence there was no requirement under the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Land Transfer Act}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  to obtain the Director\rquote s consent specifically to the debenture since he wou
ld have consented to the mortgage and was aware of the borrowing as evidenced by the upstamping of the documents with his consent.
\par 
\par Under }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s13}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 an interesting point arises and I agree with Mr. Sharma in his comments on this, that is, why have the words \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 charge or pledge}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote  which appear in earlier portion of s13 been left out in the paragraph dealing with }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 nullity}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 ? The intention is clear in my view, as the legislature was aware of the provisions of the Land Transfer Act knowing that a }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 charge such as debenture}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  do
es not in itself create an interest in land and that such charges or pledges are normally secured by mortgages and it is the mortgage that requires the consent of the Director of Lands and not \lquote charge\rquote  or \lquote pledge\rquote .
\par 
\par I reject the plaintiffs\rquote  submission that the absence of endorsement of the Director\rquote s consent on the debenture (if one was required which I hold was not) makes the whole debenture null and void as that argument has no merit.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It only purports to invalidate the dealing (if applicable here which i
t is not) in the land, as stated below by Court of Appeal in }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Chandra Kant Pala v ANZ Bank Saving Bank Ltd and Anor}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 . FCA No. 50/91 at p13 (although it was dealing with a somewhat similar section in s12 of Native Land Trust Act Cap. 134):
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 We might add that
 in our opinion the wording of s.12 would not give it any destructive effect on documents that tried to effect a dealing that had no consent.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It says nothing about the documents; \lquote it renders the dealing null and void.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It simply means that the document concerned does not operate to carry out the transaction it was intended to effect.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
As earlier mentioned, one can compare its terms with those of s.5 of the same Act, which refers not to the dealing, but to the instrument.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 In view of what I have already stated hereabove on the \lquote consent\rquote  aspect of the case in this application, I reject outright the plaintiffs\rquote 
 assertion that the Deed of Appointment is null and void because it was made without the consent of the Director of Lands.
\par 
\par There is no need to obtain the Director\rquote s consent specifically on it as it is not a \lquote dealing in land\rquote .}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Receivers and Managers are appointed merely to manage the assets and business of the second plaintiff (VTL).}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Consent will be necessary only if the VTL and Receivers wish to sell, transfer or alienate any Crown Land belonging to VTL.
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (B)\tab MANDATORY INJUNCTION APPLICATION
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The plaintiffs are seeking }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 mandatory interlocutory injunction}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  in terms stated at the beginning of this decision.

\par 
\par An injunction is an equitable remedy and is discretionary.
\par 
\par It is noted that the injunction application is in exactly the same terms as that dealt with in the said 2001 judgment of this Court in 183/01.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The application was refused.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
This application no doubt is an abuse of the process of the Court.
\par 
\par The plaintiffs in that action sought leave to appeal to a single judge of Court of Appeal against my orders firstly, the granting of injunctive relief on }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2 May 2001}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  and also leave to appeal from my decision of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 2 November 2001}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  refusing to revoke the appointment of VTL\rquote s Receivers and to require them to hand over the management of VTL to Bahadur Ali and to dissolve my said order of 2 May 2001.
\par 
\par The applicants argued on the proposed appeal that the Debenture is \lquote null and void\rquote  because the \lquote charge\rquote  over the lea
se should have the prior written consent of the Director of Lands, and because such consent is not obtained, and the debenture endorsed, it is null and void, and subsequent appointment of Receivers under it is illegal as they interpret s13.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Court of Appeal noted that this argument was }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 raised for the first time}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .
\par 
\par Upon the argument presented to }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 J R Reddy JA}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  by the Bank and the Receivers, the Court was of the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 view }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 that there is merit in the submission.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }
{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The submission was (as stated by Reddy JA at p.11 of the Decision:
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The Receivers and the Bank say that they have not gone into possession of the lease.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The receivers have gone into possession as agents of VTL, and VTL remains in possession.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Furthermore, clause 2 of the Lease requires written consent of the Director to transfers, subletting, mortgaging, assigning or parting with possession and although the Director of Lands is empowered to by Section 13, to protect the lease from \'93charges
\'94 he has not done so.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 In my view, there is merit in the submission.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par I agree with Mr. Apted that apart from the requirements for directors and shareholders of a company in receivership to give the Receivers an indemnity before suing in the company\rquote 
s name, generally, as already noted, an additional rule applies to an injunction application brought against the debenture holder.
\par 
\par Also the special rule in the case of receivership and the exercise of mortgagee\rquote s rights is that a Court will not grant an interlocutory application for an injunction to restrain a receiver and manager
 because this would deprive the mortgage debenture holder of the benefits of its security.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Even in the exceptional case where such relief is granted, the Court usually protects the secured creditor by requiring the applicant to bring into Court an amount sufficient to meet the secured debt }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 Re Broadtree Finance Pty Ltd; Deangrove Pty Ltd (Receivers and Managers Appointed) v Commonwealth Bank of Australia}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 [2000] FCA 173 (6 March, 2001) and }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 Scandi Pty Ltd v Heller Financial Services Ltd}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (unrep. Vic Sup Lt, Beach J 2 2 April 1998).}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
In the latter case }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Beach J}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  stated, and this hits the nail on the head:
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93\'85
.. I consider the balance of convenience is not such as to justify the exercise of my discretion in the plaintiff\rquote s favour.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 I say that for the following reasons.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
At the present time the plaintiff\rquote s financial position is such that the amount it owes to its creditors exceeds the amount owed to it by its debtors.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 There is a risk therefore that if the Receiver is unable to take control of the plaintiff\rquote s business, Heller will not recover the moneys to which it is entitled.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Further, the general rule is that a court will not interfere on an interlocutory basis to deprive a secured creditor of the benefits of its security except on terms that an equivalent safeguard is 
provided to it by the borrower bringing in an amount sufficient to meet what is claimed by the creditor, see Inglis v Commonwealth Trading Bank of Australia (1971) 126 CLR 161 at p164-5 and Nicholas John Holdings Pty Ltd and others v ANZ Banking Group Ltd
 and others (1992) 2 VR 715 at p 727.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It is clear that the plaintiff cannot fulfil that requirement.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Finally in this regard, it is my opinion that any undertaking given by the plaintiff as to damages is in this circumstances of this case worth very little by way of protection to Heller.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
If contrary to the views I have formed in the matter, the plaintiff ultimately established that Heller was not entitled to appoint a Receiver, in my opinion it would be adequately compensated by an appropriate award of damages.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The above passage is quite apt and fits this case.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The debt to the Bank is nine million and if the management is handed back, the Bank will not get paid.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Nothing short of payment into Court of the amount due will suffice in this case if injunction were to be granted.
\par 
\par The plaintiffs are seeking a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 mandatory injunction}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 An injunction is either }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 prohibitory}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  or }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 mandatory}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The former orders someone }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 not}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  to do something and the latter orders him to do something.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Although a mandatory injunction can be granted at the interlocutory stage, but such an order will only be made in }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
exceptional circumstances}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .
\par 
\par As stated below in the book }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Boundaries and Easements }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 by}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  Colin Sara }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 at p391 certain requirements have to be fulfilled for a mandatory injunction, namely;
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93T
he court will require evidence that severe problems will be caused to the applicant if the injunction is not granted and a high degree of assurance that at the trial it will appear that the injunction was rightly granted.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 This, therefore, is an exception to the general rule that the comparative strength of the parties\rquote 
 cases is the last factor to be considered in granting or refusing an interlocutory injunction, but this does not mean that the court will be prepared to embark on a full assessment of the respective merits of the case.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It will }{\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
only be in a case where the merits seem clear that a mandatory injunction will be granted at the interlocutory stage}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (emphasis mine)
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par There are no \lquote special circumstances\rquote  in this case whatsoever to warrant the grant of either a prohibitory or mandatory injunction.
\par 
\par The leading case which sets out the principles on which the court will grant or refuse an interlocutory injunction is }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 American Cyanamid }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (supra) where }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Lord Diplock}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 gave the judgment of the court.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It was deci
ded in that case that it is not necessary for the party claiming an interlocutory injunction to show that he has a strong prima facie case.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 All that is required to be shown is that \'93}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 there is a serious question to be tried}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'94, and in considering this aspect the guiding principle has been most succinctly stated by }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Lord Diplock}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  in Cyanamid (supra) thus at 510f:
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93\'85
the governing principle is that the court should first consider whether if the plaintiff were to succeed at the trial in establishing his right to a p
ermanent injunction he would be adequately compensated by an award of damages for the loss he would have sustained as a result of the defendant\rquote 
s continuing to do what was sought to be enjoined between the time of the application and the time of the trial.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 If damages in the measure recoverable at common law would be adequate remedy and the defendant would be in a financial position to pay them, }{
\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 no interlocutory injunction should normally be granted}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 , however strong the plaintiff\rquote 
s claim appears to be at that stage.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
If, on the other hand, damages would not provide an adequate remedy for the plaintiff in the event of his succeeding at the trial, the court should then consider, whether, on the contrary hypothesis that the defendant were to succeed at the trial i
n establishing his right to do that which was sought to be enjoined, he would be adequately compensated under the plaintiff\rquote 
s undertaking as to damages for the loss he would have sustained by being prevented from doing so between the time of the application and the time of the trial.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
If damages in the measure recoverable under such an undertaking would be an adequate remedy and the plaintiff would be in a financial position to pay them, there would be no reason on this ground to}{
\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  refuse}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  an interlocutory injunction\'94.}{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (emphasis mine)
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Conclusion}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (i)\tab The plaintiff\rquote s motion}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par To conclude, having considered the plaintiffs\rquote  motion for mandatory injunction, it is my considered view in the light of what I have stated hereabove that they are actually trying to ha
ve a second bite at the cherry because there is already in 183/01 an injunctive relief against them and they also did not succeed in getting the orders similar in nature to }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3418705 
the ones in the present motion.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par Be that as it may, in the exercise of my discretion, on the facts and circumstances of this case, and on the authorities, this case is most inappropriate for the grant of either a mandatory or a prohibitory injunction.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Hence there is no need for the Court to \lquote direct\rquote  as prayed in items (a) to (d) of the plaintiffs
\rquote  motion.
\par 
\par The Bank and Receivers acted well within their powers under the debenture in question.
\par 
\par For the reasons already stated, the endorsement of the consent of the Director of Lands was not required on the Debenture as the Director was well 
aware of the borrowing against the land and had consented to the dealing by endorsing his consent to the mortgage and upstamping of this relevant document.
\par 
\par The second plaintiff (VTL) accepted the Debenture and acted on it for ten years; it agreed to the upstamping of the mortgage amount from time to time amassing a debt commencing with three million dollars to over nine million dollars today.
\par 
\par On the subject of delay in attacking the Debenture on which the parties for 
\par 10 years acted upon, it is interesting to note the observation of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Reddy JA}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 in Court of Appeal (sitting as a single Judge) in }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bahadur Ali & Others v Ilaitia Boila & others}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 (Civ. App. 30/02 \endash  High Court Action No. 183/01).}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 This is what the Court said:
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93The Receivers were appointed on the 1st o
f May 2001, and soon thereafter went into possession of the assets of VTL.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
They are now running the affairs of the Company.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
More than a year has elapsed since, and they have conducted their duties on the basis of the ex parte injunction granted on the 2nd of May 2001.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It }{\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 will be prejudicial to them}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 and to the Bank, to permit a challenge to that order on appeal at this late stage.
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The }{\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
delay in this case is substantial}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 .}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
No plausible or acceptable reasons have been given for the delay.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Directors failed to
 take the opportunity to ask Pathik J. to review the Order made on an ex parte application as they were clearly entitled to.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 There was no challenge to the appointment of the Receivers in the 6th of July 2001 application mounted by the Directors, indeed, it
 proceeded on the basis that the appointment was proper.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Section 13 issue, is being raised for the first time and was not canvassed before Pathik J.}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 (emphasis mine)

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par I do not find that there was any breach of the provisions of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 s13}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  of the }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Crown Lands Act, Cap. 132 }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 which in clear terms specifically }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 excludes}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 charge or pledge}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote  from the nullity clause at the end of that section.
\par 
\par For these reasons, the grounds on which the reliefs in the motion are sought have no basis at all.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The motion will have to be dismissed.
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls61\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls61\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Bank\rquote s and Receivers\rquote  applications
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par Having found and ruled as above on the plaintiff\rquote s motion, I now consider the Bank\rquote s application to strike out the plaintiffs\rquote  action filed on 13 May 2002.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It supports the Receivers\rquote  application of 10 May 2002 to strike out pleadings and other orders.
\par 
\par For the Bank, Mr. Sharma raised a number of issues such as the locus of the plaintiffs casting doubt on that in the light of my decision of 2 November 2001 in Civil Action No. 183 of 2001.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Therefore, he says that they should be struck out as a party per se.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that the \lquote locus\rquote  issue is at the heart of this application yet again, as it was in 183/01.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Further, he says that there is misrepresentation as highlighted in }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Salote\rquote s }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 affidavit \lquote what Bahadur Ali has made about the shareholding of VTL\rquote .}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Also, Mr. Sharma submits that VTL is party to illegality, as an alternative argument.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 He says that the plaintiffs should have obtained consent of the Director of Lands before instituting this action.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Therefore this action should be struck off.
\par 
\par {\pntext\pard\plain\s15 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls61\pnrnot0\pnlcrm\pnstart2\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls61\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Findings
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Most of the issues raised by the Bank and the Receivers in their respective applications are matters which should properly, in my view, be determined in the substantive action rather than on affidavit evidence alone.
\par 
\par Despite my decision in an interlocutory application in 183/01 on almost the very same issues they once again raise their ugly head in the present action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 So why not finality be reached in the trial of the substantive action to avoid multiplicity of actions.
\par 
\par Therefore, with the view that I hold in the two applications, I do not propose to make any decision on the issues raised in them and I would rather that they be dealt with on the hearing of the substantive action.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It is not for the Court to dictate to parties how they should frame their case.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 However, on an application being made the Court would consider striking out pleadings.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The plaintiffs have by their pleadings disclosed a cause of action and they as aggrieved party wish to have their day in Court by the trial of the action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The issues raised in the applications to strike out are better dealt with in the trial of the action lest there be injustice by putting an abrupt end to their action in these interlocutory applications by the Bank and the Receivers.
\par 
\par However, I would on the affidavit evidence before me }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 order}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  that }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Price Waterhouse Coopers}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  be }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 removed}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  as a }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 party }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
as I find that it is not involved in the actions of the Bank an}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3418705 d the Receivers in this action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par Before I depart from these interlocutory applications, and before I make the orders herein I would take the liberty of putting certain matters before all the parties to this and other related actions involving VTL.
\par 
\par There are a multiplicity of actions.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 All of them are still pending after two years of Receivers being appointed.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 No finality has been reached in any of them to my knowledge.
\par 
\par The plaintiffs and all those associated with these cases seem to be going around in circles aimlessly.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
There is no sense of direction.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The present objections to alleged 
absence of consent of the Director of Lands, will not solve the plaintiffs\rquote  main problem.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Their legal advisors should set a goal and frame legal actions accordingly so that the issues between the parties are decided once and for all.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 May be counsel will have to consolidate the actions and spell out the issues for Court\rquote s determination.
\par 
\par I reiterate my advice to the plaintiffs which I gave on 2 November 2001}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3418705  in 183/01 when I said:}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \'93As a suggestion no doubt the better course for Ali would be to pay off th
e Bank and get out of the quagmire and take back the reins of the company or alternatively as I emphasized a few times before that Ali assist the Receivers in the running of the Mill as he has the know how and knows his customers well.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 This way the revenue will flow in and that will help towards reducing the Bank\rquote 
s debt and in due course the whole business could be handed back to the Company.\'94
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par At the moment the way the mill is being operated, not enough is being paid to the Bank to reduce the debt to the mortgagee (the Bank).}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Again, not so long ago, in another action between the parties I suggested that VTL raise a couple of million dollars to pay and talk to the Bank.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 That would be an incentive for the Bank to consider its position and that would be bette
r than getting peanuts, and at the same time it will help VTL get back on its feet so that the sawmill can get back to its normal operation with the expertise that Mr. Bahadur Ali possesses.
\par 
\par As I see it, there is still time to salvage the operations of the sawmill and prevent it going downhill any further and be ruined in due course.
\par 
\par One matter that has been of great concern to me while I was still in the process of writing the decision herein, and that is, that some \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 busybodies}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote  and \lquote }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 nosey parkers}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 \rquote 
 who have nothing to do with this case and other related cases have been interfering in my work as a Judge which amounts to contempt of court.
\par 
\par It was most improper for an ex heavyweight boxing champion of Fiji and also former politicians to approach me by telephone at odd hours of the day and also write to high-ranking bodies and people on cases involving the plaintiffs.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Because I had an important duty to perform which could have serious consequences I dealt with these people politely and sent them away explaining, inter alia, that they should not approach me in the manner that they were trying to do.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 I have drawn Mr. Archibald\rquote s and other counsels\rquote 
 attention to this interference so that they do the right thing by controlling their respective clients.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 If the p
laintiffs\rquote  sawmill is not being looked after to their satisfaction it is no use blaming the Court for the alleged economic downfall in Labasa as has been done through a newspaper by some people for reasons best known to themselves.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The Court is merely concerned with the issue before it and it will deliver its decision when it is ready.}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 There should never be any interference with a Judge\rquote s work when the matter is sub}{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3418705  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 judice.
\par 
\par Despite all this I have not taken these happenings against any of the parties and have looked at the issues in this case in the light of the law.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 I would like to see Bahadur Ali get his Mill back but he needs to make the right move and needs expert advice.
\par 
\par }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Orders
\par }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par The plaintiffs\rquote  motion is dismissed with costs to the Bank and the Receivers in the sum of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 $1500.00}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
 each to be paid within 14 days.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
The issues raised by the Bank and Receivers in their motions are to be dealt with in the trial of the substantive action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 It is ordered}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  that the name of }{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
Price Waterhouse Coopers}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713  be removed as a party to the action.}{\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16200253\charrsid10562713  }{
\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 The action to take its normal course hereafter.
\par 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3418705 {\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 D. Pathik
\par }{\b\i0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 Judge}{\b\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid10562713 
\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10562713 {\i0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10228979\charrsid3418705 At Suva
\par 30 October 2003
\par }}