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\rsid5863813\rsid7231182\rsid7424603\rsid8878201\rsid9641083\rsid10380857\rsid10710653\rsid11685558\rsid11689807\rsid12875863\rsid15753328\rsid16209830\rsid16414187}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11.0.5604;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI} {\author ruddley_e}{\operator raikatalau_l}{\creatim\yr2011\mo3\dy31\hr14\min5}{\revtim\yr2011\mo4\dy19\hr10\min12}{\version3}{\edmins2}{\nofpages19}{\nofwords8013}{\nofchars39345}{\*\company scims}{\nofcharsws47137}{\vern24689}}\margl2160\margr1728 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\notabind\wraptrsp\transmf\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\truncatefontheight\subfontbysize\sprsbsp\wpjst\lytprtmet\hyphcaps0\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow3 \jcompress\viewkind4\viewscale100\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot11689807 \fet0\sectd \sbknone\linex0\headery1440\footery1440\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid11689807\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2 \pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par AT LAUTOKA \par CIVIL JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648\charrsid2829648 CIVIL }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ACTION NO. HBC0094 OF 1997L \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 BETWEEN}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648\charrsid2829648 : \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 FRANK R. EGGERS JUNIOR}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 of 15 Marau Place,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Lautoka \par Plaintiff \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648\charrsid2829648 AND: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 BLUE SHIELD (PACIFIC) INSURANCE LTD}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 a l}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 imited liability company having }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 its registered}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Office at 1st Floor, Parade Building, Suva}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par Mr. C.B. Young with Ms A. Naidu for the Plaintiff \par Mr. Rabo Matebalavu for the Defendant \par \par Date of Trial: 28th February, 8 March, 16 March 2000 \par Date of Judgment: 30th September 2002 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648\charrsid2829648 JUDGMENT}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par The Plaintiff sues the Defendant with whom he held a health insu rance policy saying it failed to process his claim for overseas evacuation and hospitalisation with necessary despatch and failed to pay him fully on his claim in breach of the policy terms, and contrary to its own written assurances. \par \par The Plaintiff pleads two causes of action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The first has several claims in one.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 First it is said the Defendant prevaricated or made unnecessary requests contrary to the express terms and/or spirit of the insurance policy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It was pleaded in the alternative that expeditious processing was an implied term of the contract, and this the Defendant had failed to do.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In cases of great urgency as here, where}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the patient was in considerable pain from the lodging of kidney stones in the ureter by the implied term it was said,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the insurer to had to decide whether overseas evacuation was appropriate, as a matter of urgency commensurate with the gravity of the ailment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Within the same first cause the Plaintiff pleaded, also in the alternative, that open surgery as proposed by the Defendant for treatment of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the Plaintiff\rquote s ureteric stones was not a reasonable alternative to lithotripsy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He also alleged that the Plaintiff had engaged in misleading and deceptive conduct contrary to the Fair Trading Decree 1992. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The second cause of action arose from a letter which the Defendant had sent to the Plaintiff on 12th April 1996.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In it the Defendant had assured the Plaintiff that it would pay for all costs of the Plaintiff\rquote s treatment overseas, though air fares would be reimbursed later.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff r elied on this representation, flew to New Zealand, and obtained treatment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 However upon claim for reimbursement being made, the Defendant only paid NZ$500 towards the Plaintiff\rquote s costs saying it was the \'93maximum limit for your New Zealand}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 treatment .........\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff claims these expenses as special damages together with 4% interest.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He also claims general damages, exemplary damages, compensation under Section 127 of the Fair Trading Decree, and costs. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par The Defendant\rquote s counsel said the case turned on the interpretation of Schedule 4 (1) to the policy document which dealt with overseas medical evacuation benefits.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He also argued that the Acting Consultant Surgeon at the Lautoka Hospital was not to be considered \'93a specialist\'94 under the policy, and that any delay in processing had been reasonable. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The defence pleaded that necessary steps were taken by the Defendant to check the validity of the claim, there being an implied term to do so, and concluded the ailment could be treated in local hospitals.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The defence denied the interpretation placed on the letter of 12 April 1996 by the Plaintiff. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In his closing address Mr. Young announced that he would not be pursuing any claim for mis-representation in respect of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 name confusion of the Defendant with that of a substantial and similarly named medical benefits company based in the USA. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Objection was taken by the Plaintiff\rquote s counsel over the line of defence,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 pursued only in Defence counsel\rquote s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 closing speech, that Dr. Asaeli Matairavula, the Acting Consultant Surgeon at the Lautoka Hospital who had certified that the Plaintiff\rquote s ureteric stones should be treated overseas, was not a Specialist within the meaning of the policy document.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This defence was never pleaded, nor was it put in issue by the defence in the cross-examination of Dr. Matairavula, and was only commented on in the defence evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I therefore disregard it : }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Hobbs v Tilling [1929] 2 K.B. 1 at p 21}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ; }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Precision Plastics Pty Ltd v Demir (1975) 132 CLR 363 at p 370}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 An opportunity was allowed after closing addresses for both counsel to file written submissions.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 However the court was only provided with submissions and citations by the Plaintiff\rquote s counsel.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 These were comprehensive and of considerable assistance. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2033325 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Facts}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par The Plaintiff was an American citizen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He had visited Fiji on several occasions and finally came to reside here in 1994.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He had always been covered by medical insurance.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He is now retired.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was concerned in case he might need medical attention in the future for problems that could not be treated in Fiji.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Accordingly he consulted a Mr. Rahul Sharma representing the Defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Mr. Sharma visited the Plaintiff at his flat.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff was shown the policy document.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He read one of the terms which said if the Government medical doctor said the condition was not treatable in Fiji then the Defendant would provide evacuation overseas.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The representative assured him that any evacuation would be prompt.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 A proposal was completed on 6th October \par 1994 and the Plaintiff issued a cheque in payment for $275.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The policy was issued to commence on 30th October 1994 for a period of 12 months.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Later it was renewed, and was current at the time when the subsequent claim was made. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In his evidence the Plaintiff said \'93promptness was essential to me\'94.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Mr. Sharma had}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 not made mention, he said, of any independent investigation that the Defendant might and could make under the policy. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 On 26 March 1996 the Plaintiff had gone to attend a church vestry}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 meeting when he suffered an attack of pain to his right flank.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This soon became so severe he had to leave the meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was unable to drive his car.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was driven to a Dr. Raju\rquote s surgery where he received a pain killing injection.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This was not sufficient.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was taken to a friend\rquote s house, where because of the extreme pain first he vomited, then writhed in agony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was taken to Lautoka Hospital and admitted.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He received heavy sedation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 After an intravenous pyelogram and x-rays on 29 March the radiologist confirmed the presence of ureteric stones.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Each kidney is connected to the bladder by a tube known as an ureter, which carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 These stones formed in the kidney but had become lodged in the right ureter. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par The Plaintiff was attended by Dr. Matairavula who gave him the same diagnosis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 As Acting Consultant Surgeon at the hospital Dr. Matairavula faxed his diagnosis, opinion and recommendation for overseas treatment to the Defendant addressing it to \'93The Consultant\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 fax was sent on 1 April 1996.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The report referred to the patient\rquote s loin pain experienced over the previous week and the doctor concluded:}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93He is also a known case of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the face (lesion excised some years ago).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Because of all the above problems, I strongly suggest lithotripsy abroad because this is not available in Fiji.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 That day the Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 telephoned the Defendant\rquote s Suva Office and spoke to a Pricillia Chand.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 She confirmed having received the fax from the Consultant but said that Blue Shield could not commit itself to evacuation. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Matairavula therefore sent another fax with the same recommendation but he also added: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93These stones are too small to be removed by the open method so that these can be missed altogether.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In effect he was giving his opinion that open surgery for stones this small was not an option in this case.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff continued to press the Defendant\rquote s staff for a decision but was continually told they were investigating.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He described his wait at the hospital: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93During my stay I had to be re-injected numerous times for pain.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Pain would continually recur and was totally impossible.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I was either in pain or sedated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I was too sedated to argue with Blue Shield on the phone. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I was very scared.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I did not know what complications could arise for failure to get prompt treatment.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff had no relatives in Fiji.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was told by Pricillia Chand that they were doing their own investigations.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff was discharged from hospital after 9 days, and still no decision was forthcoming from the Defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff returned 2 days later to see Dr. Matairavula who maintained his earlier opinion, that the Plaintiff should go overseas for lithotripsy for his condition.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff continued to telephone and fax the Defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Meanwhile he read up on medical literature on kidney stones which unsurprisingly did not reassure him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He learnt of the dire complications of failure to treat such stones, such as infection and the need for dialysis for life or a kidney transplant.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It became a constant source of worry for him. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Finally the Defendant faxed a letter to the Plaintiff on 12 April 1996.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It read:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Dear Mr. Eggers, \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 RE: }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Medical Treatment \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 We refer to your request for further treatment overseas for treatment of uteric stones. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Please note that Blue Shield is agreeing to cover all costs for your treatment overseas to one of our preferred providers if the stones are removed by lithotripsy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 You will have to pay your own airfares and will be reimbursed upon return. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 However, if the stones are to be removed via open surgery in overseas, Blue Shield will then reimburse the maximum rates charged in the local}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Fiji hospitals.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In this case airfares will not be reimbursable. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Yours faithfully \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2033325 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Sgd. \par Pricillia Chand \par CLAIMS COORDINATOR\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff said: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93They never told me who their preferred providers were.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 They did not arrange air tickets.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 They made no arrangements.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He made his own arrangements with difficulty to get to the Mercy Hospital, Auckland.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This was on 1 May 1996, some 36 days after the first attack of pain.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The arrangements took time as he did not know any one, or know how to go about it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 When he reached the hospital, the first test revealed more ureteric stones.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was advised to return later for more thorough tests.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 On the 8 May 1996 the Specialist carried out a more thorough examination.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He found that the Plaintiff was then clear of the stones.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff returned to Fiji not having had to suffer any operation or lithotripsy. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff put in his claim for reimbursement with the Defendant, claiming in all NZ$1,416.16 and F$706.00 in a letter dated 20 May 1996.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He set out the details of how these sums were arrived at and provided supporting bills and receipts.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant however would only agree to pay NZ$500.00 of this claim. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In cross-examination it was put to the Plaintiff that he himself had suggested the diagnosis for his condition to the Hospital Consultant at Lautoka.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This was denied by the Plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In view of the x-rays at Lautoka, the tests by the radiologist, the stones observed in the first test at Auckland, and the evidence and report by Dr. Matairavula I am satisfied that Dr. Matairavula and the doctor in New Zealan d reached their own conclusions on what was ailing or had ailed the Plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff answered: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93I was not aware lithotripsy was not available in Fiji.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Matairavula explained to the Plaintiff why lithotripsy was necessary in this case, namely because the stones were too small for removal by open surgery or by the dormia basket method (the method suggested by Dr. Dhar the Defendant\rquote s medical witness).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 On the other hand, the Defendant\rquote s staff according to the Plaintiff maintained that the stones could be removed by open surgery. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I accept the evidence of the Plaintiff himself on the basic events, the}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 chronology, his symptoms, the pain, and his dealings with the Defendant which were uncha llenged by any contrary evidence and I find his evidence to be plausible and unembroidered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I now move onto the medical evidence and the policy contract. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5643796 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Did the Plaintiff qualify under the contract of insurance for overseas evacuation and reimbursement?}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Overseas medical evacuation benefits were set out in }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedule 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 of the policy document: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93SCHEDULE 4 - SCHEDULE OF INSURED BENEFITS}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\faauto\ls12\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 OVERSEAS MEDICAL EVACUATION BENEFITS - Subject to specific certification by a Specialist appropriately qualified in re spect of a covered Disability suffered by an Assured or if such Specialist not be available, by the Ministry of Health in Fiji that the Assured cannot be treated in Fiji the Company shall at its own option - \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\faauto\ls12\ilvl1\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 secure the appropriate evacuation overseas and the provision of the benefits described hereunder in a Preferred Hospital, or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls12\ilvl1\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 reimburse the eligible costs of treatment in other than a Preferred Hospital.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid11689807\charrsid5643796 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx630\faauto\ls13\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863813 {\b\insrsid11689807\charrsid5643796 Certification by a Specialist \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I find that Dr. Matairavula\rquote s certification contained in his 2 faxed reports to the Defendant qualified}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 sufficiently to fit}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 both categories of certifying authority under the contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 First, I find him a sufficient Specialist as Acting Consultant Surgeon, a General Surgeon in the Fiji context, for such must have been contemplated by the parties.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedule 5}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 of the policy document defines \'93Specialist\'94 as: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 SPECIALIST\'94}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 means a medical or a dental practitioner registered and licensed as such in the geographical area of his practice who is classified by the appropriate health authorities as a person with superior and special expertise in specified fields of medicine or dentistry. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In the Uni ted Kingdom and the European Economic Community countries, the word means a person who holds or has a consultant appointment in a recognised hospital or otherwise is accredited as a specialist for the purpose of the European Economic }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849 Community Medical Directives.\'94 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 No evidence or pleading was directed at challenging that a Consultant Surgeon was anything but a Specialist.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 No evidence has been produced by the Defendant to show that it was the registered status of the Plaintiff\rquote s doctor that was unacceptable as opposed to his opinion on the recommended method of treatment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The challenge was always to his opinion.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 No evidence either has been produced to show that the opinion of Dr. Dhar, the Consultant Urologist at the CWM Hospital in Suva, was ever put to Dr. Matairavula for the purpose of persuading him to modify his certificate,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 or that the Plaintiff was informed that Dr. Dhar was the only acceptable Specialist in this field for the purposes of the required certification under the policy. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In much larger countries Specialists and Sub-Specialists abound as overseas medical registers will attest.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In Fiji we have to accept less specialisation from our Specialists.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 However I find that Dr. Matairavula,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 a General Surgeon, who regularly performed operations for the removal of kidney or ureteric stones, was a Specialist within the meaning of }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedules 4 and 5}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par Second, Dr. Matairavula\rquote s certification qualified under the second limb also.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This part required certification by the Ministry of Health.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Ministry signs through its officials.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This certificate emanates from a Consultant Surgeon of a large Government hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I do not read the wording to mean that the certificate can only come from an official within the headquarters of the Ministry itself.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Consultant as a senior official of the Ministry}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 can clearly act for and bind the Ministry in this matter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 His certification was}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 both informed and authoritative for these purposes. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863813 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 (b)\tab }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 What was the correct treatment in this case?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Matairavula diagnosed \'932 tiny stones at the distal end of the Plaintiff\rquote s ureter\'94.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 After he had faxed his report to the Defendant, he expected an insurance company doctor to come back to him if there were a query.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 On this occasion Dr. Matairavula, was telephoned}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 by someone, not a doctor, from the insurance company who asked \'93Why couldn\rquote t you do it here?\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Matairavula said he told the enquirer \'93These are too small.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I cannot do it here\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The doctor said the open surgery procedure and the dormia basket method were not appropriate because o f the size of the stones from which this patient was suffering.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par Dr. Matairavula confirmed the Plaintiff was in great pain and was sedated 3 times a day which he commented was a \'93very heavy dose of sedation\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The stones would move around and when they travel down into the ureter they become very painful.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The stones here were so small they could pass into the urine and then pass out of the body unnoticed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Open surgery was not suitable in this case since the stones were small and therefore very difficult to remove.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He said: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93It is possible to miss the stones.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It was not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 a run of the mill case.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 If not removed these stones, which showed up clearly on the IVP as blocking the ureter could cause the ureter to swell up \'93like a hosepipe\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 If they had been bigger stones, and the patient was in similar pain, Dr. Matairavula said he would have operated immediately.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He said urine would build up with back pressure right into the kidney causing stasis. This had happened already, he said, in the Plaintiff\rquote s case.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The stasis in turn would lead to the formation of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 pus which would become life-threatening to the kidney.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The function of the kidney would be lost.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He said \'93and it is shown on the x-ray this was beginning to happen\'94.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff\rquote s kidney was beginning to fail. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Matairavula said he had received no circular stating that the dormia basket method was available at the CWM Hospital.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Even if it were available he did not consider the basket procedure the right one for Mr. Eggers\rquote condition}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 for the stones might well have fallen through the net-like contrivance of the basket. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The defence called Dr. Dhar, who has been Consultant Urologist at the CWM Hospital since 1993.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was the only urologist in the country and, amongst other degrees, he held a Ph.D on the subject of kidney stones.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 On 11th April 1996 he wrote a report on the Plaintiff and faxed it to the Defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 From Dr. Matairavula\rquote s report he gleaned that there were 2 small stones in the lower third of the right ureter. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Dhar said in his report that he would like to see the Plaintiff for himself and he suggested 15th April 1996 when the Plaintiff should be asked to visit him with his x-rays.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Dhar admitted Dr. Matairavula\rquote s report was properly compiled.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Apparently there had been previous contact between these two Specialists and Dr. Matairavula would occasionally ring him for his opinion on Lautoka patients. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par Dr. Dhar\rquote s report is very short.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He never spoke to Dr. Matairavula.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was unable to ask Dr. Matairavula}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 about the x-rays or about the Plaintiff \rquote s symptoms and level of pain, and more significantly he himself never examined the patient.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 If he had been able to, he would have been able to satisfy himself that the Plaintiff did indeed fit into the category \'93we manage this type of stones with dormia basket extraction\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He did say ureteric stones were more painful than kidney stones.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He admitted the dormia basket method sometimes failed and that stones 2 cms in diameter or less cannot be extracted by the dormia basket method.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He concluded that the stones caused blocking which could damage the kidney or the patient could lose the kidney.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There was need for urgency and for the treatment to be done quickly.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Of}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the report he said \'93I was in no position at the time to say that (it) was incorrect\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There is no doubt of Dr. Dhar\rquote s considerable expertise.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 But Dr. Dhar was never able to come to grips with this case in a way that would allow him to say Dr. Matairavula\rquote s opinion was incorrect.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I found Dr. Matairavula a careful witness and I accept his reasons and opinion as to why immediate overseas treatment by lithotripsy was the correct method of proceeding in the circumstances of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the Plaintiff\rquote s ureteric stones. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863813 {\b\insrsid4478849\charrsid8878201 (c)\tab }{\b\ul\insrsid11689807\charrsid8878201 Was the Defendant\rquote s handling of the claim in accordance with the contract?}{ \b\insrsid11689807\charrsid8878201 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It appears the Defendant did not have a doctor on its staff, or available as a consultant from time to time, in order to direct swift checks on an urgent claim for the purposes of va lidation. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Sekove Waqa , who is now a Claims Officer for the Defendant\rquote s successor, was not working for the Defendant at the relevant time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was called to give evidence for the Defendant and did his best with the Plaintiff\rquote s file in this matter. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The steps that were undertaken by the Defendant\rquote s staff to validate the Plaintiff\rquote s claim were not put in evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The only evidence was that they}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 relied on}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the short report of Dr Dhar of 11 April 1996.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 No one at the Defendant\rquote s seemed able to evaluate its significance.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 What is extraordinary is that they did not ask Dr. Dhar to contact Dr. Matairavula to see if both doctors could reach an agreement together on the correct treatment for the Plaintiff.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Only Dr. Matairavula knew the full facts, yet Dr. Dhar had the superior qualifications and greater specialisation in the relevant field.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 A marriage of the two minds would have produced a swift decision on this urgent claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Dr. Dhar could not be conclusive and authoritative alone unless either he}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849 saw the patient }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 himself or he conferred with Dr. Matairavula who had the x-rays, the tests, and who had examined the Plaintiff personally. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant might have been able to insist on the Plaintiff being seen by Dr. Dhar, in accordance with a condition in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedule 6}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 of the contract document whereby an insured could be required to submit to a medical examination whenever the insurance company deemed it necessary.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This request could have been made immediately after the Defendant\rquote s staff received the fax from Dr. Matairavula on 1st April 1996.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The tenor of some of the conditions contained in }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedule 6 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 make it plain that the truth of the claim was a condition precedent to any liability attracting to the Defendant to meet the claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This requirement confirms that it was contemplated that a claim was to be subject to a validation process being undertaken by the insurance company. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par It must also have been understood by the contracting parties that every validation would be processed swiftly and that very urgent claims would be processed with the necessary urgency.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Without such a term being implied into the contract, the contract for evacuation would be rendered substantially ineffective. [Halsbury\rquote s Laws of England, 4th edit. para 415].}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 If there were any doubt about the matter I would apply the contra proferentum rule, preferring a construction least favourable to the person putting forward the document.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Clearly a sense of urgency was not brought to bear on the handling of this claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff\rquote s condition was well known to t he Defendant\rquote s staff to be an extremely painful one and yet 10 days were allowed to pass of unbearable pain and heavy sedation for the Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 before the Defendant sought an opinion from another doctor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478849 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This opinion by its very process, compiled without examination or proper foundations, was never going to be able authoritatively to validate or invalidate the Plaintiff\rquote s claim.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I find therefore the Defendant was in breach of the contract, of an implied term, that the Defendant would carry out its permit ted process of validation of claims with the necessary speed commensurate with the gravity of the claimed medical condition.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Reigate v Union Manufacturing Co (Ramsbottom) Ltd. [1918] 1 KB 592 at p 605}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ; }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Shirlaw v Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd. and Anor. [1939] 2 All ER 113 at p 124}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 per MacKinnon LJ.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Additionally,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I find that the Plaintiff\rquote s unchallenged account of his conversation with the Defendant\rquote s agent did take place, and that the Defendant is bound by the agent\rquote s representation of prompt processing and evacuation as a term of the contract. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5863813 {\b\ul\insrsid4478849\charrsid8878201 (d)\tab }{\b\ul\insrsid11689807\charrsid8878201 Significance of Dr. Matairavula\rquote s certification \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par Once a specialist, such as the Consultant Surgeon Dr. Matairavula, provides the specific certification required under }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedule 4}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 that the patient cannot be treated in Fiji, it was for the Defendant to provide the benefits as set out in 1(a) or 1(b).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It would have been possible for the Defendant to have challenged the certificate as invalid.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I have already found as a fact that the Defendant failed to do so with any foundation or authority.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant was therefore bound to meet the claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It chose not to provide evacuation under its own arrangements as per 1(a).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 That left the claim to be met by reimbursement under 1(b).}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Indeed the short main body of the contract, outside of the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedules}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 , refers by operative words only to the need for treatment or services to be \'93undertaken by or on the recommendation of physician or surgeon\'94.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Such undertaking or recommendation would then trigger the obligation of the company to indemnify the insured for his eligible expenses. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 As it happened, though further stones were shown up in the first test in Auckland, by the time the specialist carried out more thorough tests a week later, all of the stones had cleared themselves from the Plaintiff\rquote s system.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 No operation was required in the end, either by open surgery, dormia basket or by lithotripsy.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There had been a proper need for overseas evacuation and for commencement upon treatment in Auckland nonetheless, and all the expenses submitted had been properly incurred.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff is entitled to be reimbursed for his air ticket, treatment and accommodation costs which were above NZ$500.00, and which had not been reimbursed, namely NZ$916.16 and F$706.00.} {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The differential in exchange rate is so slight that I am going to treat the NZ$ in this part of the claim as if they were today\rquote s Fiji dollars. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 is entitled to interest on this sum.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Owing to declining interest rates over the relevant period the rate of 9% sought by the Plaintiff is too high.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 rate of interest for special damages is now well settled to be at half the appropriate rate: }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Jefford v Gee [1970] 2 K.B. 130; }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 approved in}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Attorney-General of Fiji v Charles Valentine }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 (unreported) Court of Appeal Civil App. No. ABU0019 of 1998S; 28th August 1998.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I therefore award interest on special damages at the rate of 3% from the date of the Plaintiff\rquote s letter of demand, 20th May 1996, to date of judgment. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx450\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8878201 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8878201 \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Fair Trading Claim}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff says the Defendant engaged in misleading and deceptive conduct in contravention of Section 54 of}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 the Fair Trading Decree 1992 in its dealings with the Plaintiff concerning his insurance contract with the Defendant.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He gave the following particulars of this head of claim: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid4478849 (i)\tab }{\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 Representing to the Plaintiff through or b y its servants or agents and/or in the insurance policy that the medical evacuation benefits (included in the insurance policy) entitled the Plaintiff to prompt medical attention overseas once a certificate from an appropriately qualified specialist was o btained stating that the Plaintiff could not be treated in Fiji. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid4478849 (ii)\tab }{\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 Providing expressly in the insurance policy that the Defendant would provide, inter alia, \'93 Medical evacuation benefits\'94 when from the outset it had really no intention to do so and delayed the evacuation of the Plaintiff. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid4478849 (iii)\tab }{\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 Subsequently and/or unilaterally setting-up or imposing a condition to the insurance policy or to the provision of evacuation that it had to investigate the Plaintiff\rquote s claim and/or the validity of the certificate from an appropriately qualified specialist provided by the Plaintiff. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Section 54 of the Decree reads: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Misleading or Deceptive Conduct \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\faauto\ls15\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 A person shall not, in trade or commerce engage in conduct that is misleading or deceptive or is likely to mislead or deceive. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\faauto\ls15\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\insrsid11689807\charrsid4478849 Nothing in this Division shall be taken as limiting by implication the generality of subsection (1).\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Person\'94 has not been defined in the Decree.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In holding that \'93person\'94 in the Decree included corporations}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 in }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Westin Hotel Company and Anor. v Westin Plaza Ltd.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 (unreported) Lautoka High Court Civil Action HBC0406 of 1995L; 29 March 1996, Lyons J. said (at p 16): \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Firstly, the Fiji Fair Trading Decree is designed to offer consumer protection and fair dealing in t he market place.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This is the same as the Australian equivalent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It is trite to note that perhaps a significant number of traders in the market place are corporations - notably at the \'93top\'94 end.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 To suggest that the Fair Trading Decree only applies to persons and not to corporate traders is to misinterpret the intent of the legislation.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I agree with this interpretation. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Section 4 of the Decree defines \'93trade or commerce\'94 as including: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ........ \'93any business or professional activity.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Trade or commerce\'94 was interpreted in the leading judgment of the High Court of Australia in }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Concrete Constructions (N.S.W.) Pty. Ltd. v Nelson [1990] ATPR 41-022 at p 51,363 to 51,364 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 with a restrictive approach}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 : \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx810\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93The reference to conduct \'93in trade or commerce\'94 in sec. 52 can be construed as referring only to conduct which is itself an aspect or element of activities or transactions which, of their nature, bear a trading or commercial character.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Brennan J. at p 51,365 gave the phrase a wider meaning: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Therefore, in my op inion, if misleading or deceptive conduct occurs in the course of carrying on an activity or carrying out a transaction of a trading or commercial character, the test imported by the phrase \'93in trade or commerce\'94 is satisfied.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The conduct is defined by Section 4(2) of the Decree as: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93(a)\tab a reference to engaging in conduct shall be read as a reference to doing or refusing to do any act, including the making of, or the giving effect to a provision of, a contract or arrangement, the arriving at, or the givi ng effect to a provision of, an understanding or the requiring of the giving of, or the giving of, a covenant.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par In considering what is misleading and deceptive conduct, the courts have been content to follow the ordinary dictionary meaning of the words: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93The most appropriate meaning for the word \lquote deceive\rquote in the Oxford Dictionary is: \lquote To cause to believe what is false; to mislead as to a matter of fact, to lead into error, to impose upon, delude, take in\rquote .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The most appropriate definition in that dictionary for the word \lquote mislead\rquote is: \lquote To lead astray in action or conduct; to lead into error; to cause to err\rquote .\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par See }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Weitmann v Katies Ltd (1977) ATPR 40-042 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10380857 [1977]}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 29 FLR 336 at p 343}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ; }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Puxu Pty Ltd. v. Parkdale Custom Built Furniture Pty. Ltd. (1979) ATPR 40-135 at p 18,474}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It is for the court to determine objectively whether the specific conduct questioned is misleading or deceptive or likely to mislead or deceive: }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 FAI General Insurance Co. Ltd v RAIA Insurance Brokers Ltd (1992) ATPR 40-176 at p 40,409}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There is no burden on the Plaintiff in such an action to establish an intent on the part of the Defendant corporation to mislead or deceive: }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Hornsby Building Society Information Centre v Sydney Building Information Centre Ltd [1978] ATPR 40-067 at p 17,690}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 T he Plaintiff had made known his needs and concerns to Mr. Sharma as the representative of the Defendant, when Mr. Sharma came to the Plaintiff\rquote s flat to sell the policy.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He was assured by Mr. Sharma that all claims would be processed swiftly so that \'93evacuation would be prompt\'94.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This assurance was clearly given as an activity or conduct in trade or commerce.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Processing was however dilatory and nothing was done to make up for lost time or mishandling by the Defendant taking responsibility for the arrangements for the Plaintiff\rquote s travel, preferred hospital, surgeon etc. as in 1(a). \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Besides what Mr. Sharma had said at the time of the completion of the proposal by the Plaintiff, the policy document itself carries a sense of urgency through its choice of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 words and phrases: overseas evacuation, necessities of treatment, air}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ambulance, accident, violent injury.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There would be no point to a customer}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 in offering cover through the overseas medical evacuation policy if the policy did not provide for swift and timely evacuation when the claim incident occurred. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Based on what Mr. Sharma had said to the Plaintiff and the policy document itself, I am satisfied that the Defendant engaged in misleading and deceptive conduct by representing that once a certificate was forthco ming from an appropriately qualified specialist the Plaintiff would be entitled to prompt medical attention overseas.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In fact it would appear it was a letter threatening action from the Plaintiff\rquote s then solicitors that forced the Defendant to make an offer of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 reimbursement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 for overseas treatment in its letter of 12 April 1996.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I find that there was no attempt by the Defendant to expedite the claim of the Plaintiff whom the Defendant\rquote s staff knew to be in great and continuing pain. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par I have already answered Particulars 13 (iii) and found that a process of validation is allowed for}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 under the policy contract.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It must of course be carried out with speed in all cases and with great urgency in urgent cases.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There was no misleading and deceptive conduct in that regard.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Nor do I find that such conduct is to be found in Particulars 13 (ii).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I do not find evidence that the Defendant \'93from the outset}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 had really no intention to (provide medical evacuation benefits) and delayed the evacuation of the Plaintiff.\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I believe the claim was handled in a directionless dilatory fashion and without an appropriate sense of urgency and that the Defendant was never in possession of a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 factually and soundly based opinion to challenge Dr. Matairavula\rquote s certification.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant through its staff thought that both Dr. Dhar and Dr. Matairavula could treat the Plaintiff in Fiji.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 That belief was flawed, but the evidence does not point to a lack of bona fides.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I dismiss the claim as particularised in paragraphs 13(ii) and (iii). \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In view of my findings that the claim for overseas evacuation once properly certified should have been met, it was not appropriate for the Defendant to offer reimbursement only on special terms favourable to itself. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant stated that treatment was to be with \'93one of our preferred providers\'94.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant itself made no arrangements, which it could have done at its option as per }{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Schedule 4(1}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2234364\charrsid2829648 ) (}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 a).}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It appears to have abdicated responsibility.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 No evidence has been directed to the issue of lesser costs being reimbursable, if such a condition in the letter had not been complied with by the Plaintiff.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The point about using \'93preferred providers\'94 was not argued. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 If a lesser treatment became sufficient from that originally and properly certif ied, the Defendant would still have to pay the lesser costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Just because lithotripsy was no longer necessary once the Plaintiff was free of symptoms, it would not mean that the expenses of the evacuation and investigative treatment were not properly incurred. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Had the parties been asked the question \'93 What if the stones pass out naturally before the operation, would the lesser expenses already incurred then be covered?\'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The answer undoubtedly would have been \'93But of course.\'94 [See Halsbury\rquote s Law of England, 4th edit. para 351; }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Shirlaw v Southern Foundries (supra) at p 124.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 - 21 - \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par The Defendant\rquote s letter can not mean that because the lithotripsy was found not to be appropriate after all, that only NZ$500.00 would be payable. Lithotripsy was the appropriate tr eatment at the time of the claim and the evacuation, but whilst the Plaintiff was engaged upon the approved treatment, the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 ailment rectified itself naturally.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 This eventuality was not covered in the Defendant\rquote s letter which merely said: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93 However, if the stones are to be removed via open surgery in overseas, Blue Shield will then reimburse the maximum rates charged in the local Fiji hospitals.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In this case airfares will not be reimbursable.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478849 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Taken alone, the letter is not to be read to mea n that the Fiji hospital rate is the applicable rate for reimbursement and that no airfare would be covered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 That would have been the writer \rquote s intention if open surgery was the outcome, which in the event it was not.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I find the Defendant by its letter of 1 2th April 1996 did agree to the Plaintiff\rquote s evacuation and proper medical expenses and the like, and agreed that full reimbursement would be provided. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 General Damages for Breach of Contract}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2234364 Chitty on Contracts }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 26 Edit Vol.1 at para 1810 says: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Normally, damages for breach of contract relate to financial loss ..................., but non-pecuniary losses may be recovered if they were within the contemplation of the parties as not unlikely to result from the breach.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 If the defendant\rquote s breach of contract ca used physical injury to the plaintiff himself,...................... the plaintiff may recover damages for that injury.......................}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Damages for personal injury caused by breach of contract may include compensation for pain and suffering.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 As a result of the Defendant\rquote s breach of contract the Plaintiff had to endure an unnecessarily extended period of pain and suffering.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Both Dr. Matairavula and Dr. Dhar agreed the Plaintiff\rquote s condition was extremely painful and unpleasant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Ureteric stones w ith their spiky edges were much more painful than kidney stones.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 For that extended period of pain and suffering I award the Plaintiff damages of $10,000.00. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Damages for Mental Distress \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 At para 1811 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2234364 Chitty on Contracts}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 states: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93Normally, no damages in contract will be awarded for injury to the plaintiff\rquote s feelings, or for his mental distress, annoyance, loss of reputation...........................}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Court of Appeal has allowed an exception to this principle: ............................ damages can be awarded for the disappointment and mental distress caused by the breach of contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The exception has been extended to a contract whose purpose was to protect the plaintiff from annoyance or distress............................}{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The exception is limited to contracts whose purpose is \'93to provide peace of mind or freedom from distress.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'94}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 (Emphasis added) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par A medical evacuation policy is bought in order to purchase peace of mind.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 A customer is worried about obtaining quality medical procedures and operations speedily.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He seeks swift remedies if urgent medical problems were to arise.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 He or she hopes they will never happen.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 But a person buys a medical policy to lessen his or her anxieties.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 They know that because of the policy they can be evacuated overseas immediately and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 go straight in for an operation to alleviate or remedy whatever ailment has cropped up.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The patient here, the Plaintiff, suffered two anxieties.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 First he lost any peace of mind he thought he had purchased.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Second, he suffered reasonable anxieties as to the consequences to his present and future health of the lack of promptness and immediacy in the way his claim was being handled.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I have referred to the medical and life threatening risks in this case and to Dr. Matairavula\rquote s observation that the Plaintiff\rquote s affected kidney was already failing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 These were not illusionary fears.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The matter was serious and the Plaintiff was too weak and in too much pain to fight his case with the insurance company.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It must be remembered he had no relatives in Fiji to urge his cause. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Baltic Shipping Co. v Dillon [1992-93] 176 CLR 344 at p 365}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Mason C.J. said: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93 For that reason, if for no other, it is preferable to adopt the rule that damages for disappointment and distress are not recoverable unless they proceed from physical inconvenience caused by the breach or unless the contract is one the object of which is to provide enjoyment, relaxation or freedom from molestation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In cases falling within the last-mentioned category, the damages flow directly from the breach of contract, the promise being to provide enjoyment, relaxation freedom from molestation.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In these situations the court is not driven to invoke notions such as \'93reasonably foreseeable\'94 or \'93 within the reasonable contemplation of the parties\'94 because the breach results in a failure to provide the promised benefits.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par and further on (at p 366): \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93In the present case, the contract, which was for what in essence was a \'93pleasure cruise\'94, must be characterized as a contract the object of which was to provide for enjoyment and relaxation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 It follows that the respondent was entitled to an award of damages for disappointment and distress and physical inconvenience flowing from that breach of contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Indeed, an award for disappointment and distress consequential upon physical inconvenience was justified on that account alone.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In the same case Brennan J. (at p 371) added: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93To ascertain whether the obtaining of peace of mind is the object of a co ntract or, more accurately, an object of a contract, reference is made to its terms, express or implied, construed in the context of facts which the parties know or are taken to have been known.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Thus, if peaceful and comfortable accommodation is promised t o holiday-makers and the accommodation tendered does not answer the description, there is a breach which directly causes the loss of the promised peacefulness and comfort and damages are recoverable accordingly.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In cases of this kind, a statement by the pr omisor commending a service or facility to be provided under the contract is frequently a term of the contract, not a mere representation.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In that case damages of $5,000.00 were awarded by the High Court for inconvenience which was in addition to a separ ate head awarded}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 for the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 injuries received. \par \par Nearly 10 years have passed since the decision in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Mouat v Clark Boyce [1992] 2 NZLR 559}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 .}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The award of $25,000.00 in that case was upheld by the Court of Appeal for an elderly widow for mental stress she had suff ered as a result of professional negligence by solicitors.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Court of Appeal held her to have been one half to blame and reduced her damages accordingly.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The damages had been awarded since she had lost her house as a result of allowing a mortgage on her home in order to assist a profligate son.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The damages were awarded under the head of inconvenience, worry, and stress.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff\rquote s counsel has cited several cases to me, many of which related to the award of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 damages as compensation for frustrations that holiday-makers had had to put up with. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par However the mental stress suffered by the Plaintiff in this case was far more serious than the loss of a house, or a home, or the frustration of a lost or ruined holiday.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The stress here, besides the delay in treatment and the physical pain endured, related to the prospect of dialysis, the losing of a kidney, being permanently handicapped, or even to the losing of one\rquote s life.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Accordingly I award $20,000.00 as damages for the mental stress which the Plaintiff suffered. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Compensation under Fair Trading Decree}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Powers of compensation are also provided for under the Decree.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Section 127 (1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 states: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93If in proceedings insti tuted under, or for an offence against, this Decree the Court is satisfied that a person who is a party to the proceeding has suffered, or is likely to suffer, loss or damage by reason of a contravention of this Decree, then whether or not any other order is made or relief granted in those proceeding, the Court may, for the purpose of compensating that person or preventing or reducing the extent of the loss or damage, make orders under this section against the person who committed the contravention of a pe rson involved in the contravention.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Section 126 provides inter alia that a consumer, which Mr. Eggers clearly was, who suffers loss or damage as a result of an act or omission by the Defendant\rquote s contravention of Section 54 may recover for such loss or dam age by the bringing of a civil action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The court is given powers to make an award by Section 127 (5) including an award of damages and refund of monies.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Further proof of loss or damage as required under Section 126 is not a pre-requisite for the grant of relief under Section 127:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Demagogue Pty. Ltd. v Ramensky & Anor. (1993) ATPR 41-203}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In effect the Decree has created new rights and remedies as indeed had the Trade Practices Act for the Commonwealth of Australia. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The decision as to what was the correct treatment in this urgent case could, and should, have been made within a day.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 By not making a decision, by failing to check the claim swiftly, and by failing to satisfy itself of the correctness of the Specialist \rquote s certification, the Defendant failed to provide a prompt evacuation under the contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff suffered thereby real risk, pain and mental stress, all of which were suffered unnecessarily.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 For the misleading and deceptive conduct, I award $550.00 to cover the return of premiums paid, and $10,000.00 compensation, making a total of $10,500.00 under the Decree. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2234364 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Exemplary Damages}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Plaintiff seeks exemplary damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I find the Plaintiff has failed to make out a case for such an order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Exemplary damages carries with it the need for punishment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Beyond what I have awarded as damages under the various heads of claim I find there is no further need to heap upon the Defendant a punishment order. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The Defendant\rquote s conduct in this case was inept and incorrect.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 None of the staff of the Defendant at the relevant time were called to give evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 There is no evidence before me illustrating a deliberate delay in processing the Plaintiff\rquote s case, or any mala fides.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Viewed objectively, the Defendant\rquote s business was conducted in this instance in a dilatory unbusiness-like way.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The staff seemed to be indecisive and appeared not to know how to resolve the matter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 They did not seem to understand what Dr. Matairavula\rquote s Report signified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 They stuck to their misguided stance but I cannot say they did so callously.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The effect of their incompetence was dire for the Plaintiff and could hardly have attracted new customers if people came to know how the claim had been}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 processed, and how the Plaintiff had been treated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Many cases were cited to me by Mr. Young.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par Defendant\rquote s conduct could not be characterised as \'93outrageous\'94:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 State Insurance Ltd v Cedenco Foods Ltd}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 (unreported) C.A 216/97; 6 August 1998, a conclusion similarly reached by a 5 judge bench of the Court of Appeal of New Zealand.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 The court said (p 4): \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \'93 The concepts of there being no excuse, and of the failure of an insurance company to pay promptly being significant, do not immediately strike us as synonymous with outrageous conduct.\'94 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par I decline to order exemplary damages.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I award interest on all damages save special damages, at the rate of 6% from 1 April 1996 to date of judgment. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 In the result, the total award of damages and interest of F$58,285.00 can be tabulated as follows: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid11689807\charrsid7424603 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\faauto\ls16\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7424603 {\b\ul\insrsid11689807\charrsid7424603 Special Damages \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4502\clshdrawnil \cellx6032\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1522\clshdrawnil \cellx7554 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2346\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid16414187\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 (i)Airfare\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid3555357\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 =\cell }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid16414187\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 F$706.00}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530 \trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4502\clshdrawnil \cellx6032\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1522\clshdrawnil \cellx7554 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2346\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid3555357\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 \par (ii) Balance food & Accommodation \par [NZ$917.00] which I treat as exchangeable at par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 \cell }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 =\cell 917.00\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4502\clshdrawnil \cellx6032\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1522\clshdrawnil \cellx7554\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2346\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid3555357\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 (iii) \tab Interest at 3% \cell =\cell 317.00\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16414187\charrsid16414187 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4502\clshdrawnil \cellx6032\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1522\clshdrawnil \cellx7554 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2346\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12875863 {\b\insrsid3806114\charrsid3806114 2.}{\b\insrsid11689807\charrsid3806114 \tab }{\b\ul\insrsid11689807\charrsid12875863 General Damages \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 (i) }{\b\insrsid3806114\charrsid7231182 Pain & suffering\cell =\cell 10,000.00 \par \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3806114\charrsid3806114 \trowd \irow0\irowband0 \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 (ii) }{\b\insrsid3806114\charrsid7231182 Mental stress\cell =\cell 20,000.00 \par \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3806114\charrsid3806114 \trowd \irow1\irowband1 \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 (iii) }{\b\insrsid3806114\charrsid7231182 Interest at 6%\cell =\cell 11,700.00\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3806114\charrsid3806114 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530 \trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3806114\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3806114 {\b\insrsid3806114\charrsid3806114 3.\tab }{\b\ul\insrsid11689807\charrsid3806114 Compensation under the Fair Trading Decree \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid7231182 (i) }{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 Return of premiums paid\cell }{ \b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 =}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 $ 550.00}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \par }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \trowd \irow0\irowband0 \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid7231182 (ii) }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 Compensation}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 =}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell }{ \b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 $10,000.00}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \par }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \trowd \irow1\irowband1 \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid7231182 (iii) }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 Interest at 6%}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 =}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell }{ \b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 $4,115.00}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \par }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \trowd \irow2\irowband2 \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid7231182\yts19 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell \cell }{\b\insrsid7231182\charrsid7231182 F$58,285.00}{\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid9641083\charrsid7231182 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\lastrow \ts19\trgaph108\trleft1530\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8370\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4500\clshdrawnil \cellx6030\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1530\clshdrawnil \cellx7560 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2340\clshdrawnil \cellx9900\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 { \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16209830 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I am asked to award costs on solicitor/client basis or indemnity costs.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Whilst the Defendant\rquote s was at fault in not co-operating over the Minutes of Pre-trial Conference,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 a factor to be taken into account, overall there is no other conduct here in the litigation deserving of such an order. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16209830 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 I will adjourn the question of costs to a day to be fixed now with counsel.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Meanwhile the parties are at liberty to file affidavits within 10 days on the costs issue.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 } {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Providing a sufficient statement of Plaintiff\rquote s costs}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2829648 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 is before the court, I propose to make a summary assessment and award of costs on the adjournment date. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16209830 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid16209830 A.H.C.T. GATES \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid16209830 J}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16209830\charrsid16209830 UDG}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid16209830 E}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid16209830 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16209830 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Solicitors for the Plaintiff: Messrs Young & Associates, Lautoka \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2829648 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11689807\charrsid2829648 Solicitors for the Defendant: Esesimarm & Co, Suva \par }}