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\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\rsidroot13578588 \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1 \pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5 \pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par At}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Labasa \par Appellate Jurisdiction \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 0039 OF 2001 \par \par Between: \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 THE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 STATE \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Appellant \par \par -and- \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 PREET SINGH VERMA \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s/o Amar Singh \par Respondent \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par Mr. J. Rabuku for the Appellant \par Mr. H. Robinson for the respondent \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 This is yet another appeal by the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP)}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 against an acquittal by the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Labasa Magistrate Court.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The following is a brief chronology of events leading up to the appeal: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 On }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 5}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 June 2001}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the respondent was charged with an offence of }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Larceny by Servant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 that is alleged to have occurred }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 between 14}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 day of February 2000 and 11}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 day of April 2000}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ; \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 On }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 11}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 June 2001 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 when the case was first called before the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Labasa Magistrate Court}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the respondent tendered a sick sheet and the case was adjourned to }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 15}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 June 2001}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 for his plea to be taken; \par \par On }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 15}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 June 2001 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the respondent appeared with Counsel before the Labasa}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Magistrate Court}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and after electing a trial in the Magistrate Court entered a plea of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Not Guilty}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 to the charge;}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588\charrsid13578588 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Counsel then requested }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (an) }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 early hearing date}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and the matter was adjourned to }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 12}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 & 13}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 July 2001}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 for hearing.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s bail was extended.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 On this occasion the prosecution was represented by a police officer; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 On }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 12}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 July 2001}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 counsel from the }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 DPP}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s office}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 appeared and advised the court that he was }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not in a position to proceed today}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and counsel sought an adjournment on several grounds (}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the adjournment application}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ); \par \par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The application was vigorously opposed by defence counsel in a lengthy submission before the trial magistrate; \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par In reply, counsel for the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 DPP}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 instead of addressing the matters raised by defence counsel, sought to invoke the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 220 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Criminal procedure Code (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 to have the matter transferred to the }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 High Court }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 for trial (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the Section 220 application}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 );}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 This fresh application was vehemently opposed by defence counsel, who is recorded to have said: }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 its not prosecution but its persecution }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and counsel insisted on a ruling; \par \par In a written ruling delivered later that afternoon the trial magistrate rejected }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the Section 220 application}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 on the basis}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 that the trial had begun}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 when the application was made and as a result }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the right of the prosecution has disappeared and the application has come too late}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '} {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ; \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The following day the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 13}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 July 2001}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the trial magistrate delivered a second written ruling in which he refused }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the adjournment applicat}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 i}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 on}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and called on State Counsel}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85.. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 to proceed by calling its first witness.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 To this, State Counsel replied that he had }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 no witness to call as none are in court today}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and the trial magistrate then records: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The accused is acquitted.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Immediately State Counsel gave verbal notice of appeal. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The petition of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Director of Public Prosecutions }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 advances the following grounds of appeal: \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (a)\tab that the learned Magistrate erred in law and fact when he failed to exercise his discretion judiciously }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (in)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 refusing the appellant}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 application for adjournment; \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\langfenp1033\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls7\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13578588 { \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 that the learned Magistrate erred in law in ruling that the powers of the appellant to make an application under Section 220 of the Criminal procedure Code had expired.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I received and have carefully considered the written and oral submissions of counsels for which I am grateful. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par I shall deal firstly with }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ground (b) (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the Section 220 application}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 which raises a straightforward question of statutory construction. \par \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 220 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 provides: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 it before or during the course of a trial before a magistrates}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 court it appears to the magistrate that the case is one which ought t o be tried by the Supreme Court}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 or}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 if }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 before the commencement of the trial an application in that behalf is made by a public prosecutor that it shall be so tried}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ,}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the magistrate shall not proceed with the trial but in lieu thereof he shall hold a prelimi nary inquiry in accordance with the provisions hereinafter contained, and in such case the provisions of section 235 shall not apply.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 (}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 My underlining) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 State Counsel in pursuing this ground of appeal writes: \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The above section is clear.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The Prosecution can make an application to move a case to the High Court any time before the trial commences.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 It could be argued then that the prosecution can still make this application on the hearing date and also just few minutes before calling its first witness.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The submission assumes however that a }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 commences only when evidence is being called by the prosecution and not before. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Plainly the trial magistrate disagreed with such a view in so far as he said in his ruling dismissing the application: \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I am of the view that the trial had begum when prosecution}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 made the application for adjournment. It was later on when the application for a S.220 trial was made.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The ruling does not make entirely clear however }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 when?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 it is that the trial magistrate considers the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the respondent had actually commenced. Was it when he was charged? Was it when he elected trial in the Magistrates Court? Was it when he pleaded }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not guilty}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 to the charge? Was it when the trial dates were fixed three weeks earlier? Was it just prior to the adjournment application? }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 or}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is it at some other stage in the proceedings? \par \par Be that as it may be the trial magistrate was firmly of the view that as a matter of sequence,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the Section 220 application}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ought to have preceded }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the adjournment application}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and, in failing to do so, }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 has come too late.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par \par With respect the sole condition precedent to an application being made by the prosecution under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 220}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is that the application must be made }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 before the commencement of the trial}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and it is only when an application is made }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 after}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 has commenced that it can be said of the application that it }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85 has come too late}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . \par \par When then does a trial commence in the magistrate Court? State Counsel submits that the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 commences when the prosecution calls its first witness. Respondent}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s counsel, on the other hand, orally submits that, in the present context, }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the trial commenced when the magistrate demanded that the prosecution produce its evidence}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 but that would mean that }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 220 application}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 was made within time.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Alternatively, Counsel submitted that the trial commenced when the accused entered a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not guilty}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 plea to the charge. \par \par Neither counsel was able however, to refer to authorities or statutory provisions that supported their respective submissions. \par \par I turn then to consider the provisions of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 to see if these might assist in answering the question }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 When does the trial commence in the Magistrate Court?}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Proceedings in the Magistrate Court for Penal Code offences are normally instituted by the laying of a charge before the Court and requesting a summons }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [Sections 78(4) & 79(1)]}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 by physically producing the accused under arrest before the Court together with a formal charge }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [Sections 78(1) & (5)].}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par \par When the accused appears before the Court either in answer to the summons or under arrest, the charge is explained to him and he is required to plead to it [}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 206 (1)]. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 If the accused pleads }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 guilty}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 to the charge}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 his admission shall be recorded as nearly as possible in the words used by him, and the court shall convict him and pass sentence upon him\'85 unless there shall appear to it sufficient cause to the contrary}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [Section 206 (2)]. \par \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 If the accused does not admit the charge as occurred in this case, or refuses to plead to it then the Court shall enter a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not guilty}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 plea and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 shall proceed to hear the case}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [section 206(3) & (4)]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in accordance with Section 209 }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 viz}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hear the witnesses for the prosecution and other evidence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (if any).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par \par The predecessor of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 209}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 was referred to and explained by }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Fiji Court of Appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Robert Tweedie Machill v. R. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Criminal Appeal No. 43 of 1980 (unreported) when the Court said (at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.6}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ): \par \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 This section overcomes a difficulty expressed at the Bar because it applies not only to the actual hearing of witnesses but so, by the use of term}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (if any)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 it covers the situation where no witness is called. Whether evidence is called for prosecution or not the Court must proceed to judgment under section 200 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (}{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 now}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 section 210). }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 If witnesses are call ed then sections 201 and 202 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 now}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 211 & 212) }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 apply and judgment will be given under section 206}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 now}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 section 215). }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The Code is thus complete and there is no failure to provide for the case where the prosecution does not call evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par From the above analysis it is clear that before the Magistrate Court can }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 proceed to hear a case}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 there must be a plea entered by the accused on a charge proferred against him/her. Up till that moment the accused has not }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 put himself upon the country for trial}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , to adopt the words of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 277}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 dealing with trials in the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 High Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 nor}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is it known before then, whether or not a hearing will take place where evidence will need to be led before the Court. \par \par It may be noted that the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Part VI}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 relates, according to the sub-title, to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the hearing and determination of cases}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in the Magistrate Court }{ \ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 220}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 occurs under the sub-title }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 limitations and exceptions relating to }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trials}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in the Magistrate Court.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Furthermore the expression in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 220}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is: }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85.. commencement of the trial}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 commencement of the }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hearing}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . This important distinction i.e. between a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hearing}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 appears to have eluded the trial Magistrate and both counsels who argued the appeal. \par \par Be that as it may, in the light of foregoing, I am firmly of the opinion that a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (as opposed to a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hearing}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ) in the Magistrate Court commences with the taking of an accused person}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s plea to a charge and }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 as State Counsel submits, when the prosecution calls its evidence which in my view, signals the commencement of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hearing}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . \par \par I am fortified by the judgment of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Scarman L.J.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 R. v. Vickers}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (1975) 2 ALL E.R. 945 where his lordship said at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.948}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Arraignment is the process of calling an accused forward to answer an indictment.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588\charrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 It is only after arraignment, which concludes with the plea of the accused to the indictment, that it is known whether there will be a trial and, if so, what manner of trial.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588\charrsid13578588 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Hale, describing arraignment, says that, if the prisoner pleads not guilty- \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the clerk joins issue with him \'85.and enters the}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 plea : then he demands how he will be tried, the}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 common answer is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 By God and the country}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and thereupon the clerk enters }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 "}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 po.se.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 "}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [Ponit se in patrium].}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 \b\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 In Hale}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s time trial by compurgation or battle were possible alternatives to trial by jury.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Not so today; but even today there is no trial on a plea of guilty; for }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 an express confession\'85is the highest conviction that can be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 : Hawkins, Pleas of the Crown. Thus it still remains true that there is no trial until it is known whether one is necessary; on a plea of guilty, no trial is needed for the entering of the plea is the conviction.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par More recently and in similar vein }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Watkins L.J. }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 R. v. Tonner and Others}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (1985) 80 Cr.. App. R. 170 in describing the above dictum as }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 a very comprehensive and accurate statement of the law as to the commencement of trial}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (ibid at p.181), continued thereafter to say at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p. 182/183:}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1845047 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 A trial can take place only if the defendant himself demands it by pleading not guilty,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 if he pleads guilty there is no issue to be tried.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [see also}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 :}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the judgment of the}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Fiji Court of Appeal }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Shiu Narayan v. R.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ( 1980) 26 F.L.R. 165 at }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 172F}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ] \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par This ground of appeal must be dismissed although for reasons not clearly articulated by the trial magistrate in his written ruling. \par \par As for }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ground (a) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the adjournment application}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , State Counsel accepts that the granting of an adjournment requires the exercise of a judicial discretion by the trial court, the exercise of which an appellate court would be slow to interfere with unless}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85.. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the result of the order made }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (by the trial Court)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is to defeat the rights of the parties although and to do that which \'85\'85 . would be an injustice to one or other of parties.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [per the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Fiji Court of Appeal}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in the }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Macahill}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 case (op.cit) referring with approval to the dictum of }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Atkin L.J. }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Maxwell v. Keun}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (1928) 1 K.B. 645 at 653]. \par \par State Counsel then referred to the several grounds urged before the trial magistrate in support of the adjournment application as providing more than sufficient reason for the trial magistrate to exercise his discretion in the prosecution}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s favour and counsel drew the court}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s attention to the judgment in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 State v. Shiu Prakash}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Labasa Cr. App. No. 9 of 2001 (unreported) where }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Pathik J., }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in allowing an appeal against an acquittal in that case after the magistrate had rejected the prosecution}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s application for an adjournment of the case which would have effectively left the case part-heard in the absence of the complainant, said (at }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.4}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ): \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1845047 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I t must be borne in mind that this offence }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (Arson)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is against the State and not against the complainant who did not appear.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 And later his lordship in rejecting the applicability of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 210}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in the circumstances prevailing before the magistrate where no evidence had been called, observed (at }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.5}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ): \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85 (the Section)}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is applicable where there is no case to answer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 after evidence has been adduced.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par In the present case, the principal grounds for adjournment urged before}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the trial magistrate were: (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 1}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ) that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 DPP}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s Office}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 received the relevant police investigation docket very late and had therefore not had adequate time to peruse the file and assess the evidence or prepare the case for trial;(2) the Investigating Officer }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (I.O.)}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 was away in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Kosovo}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 on official peace monitoring duties; }{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (3) the hearing dates agreed to by the police prosecutor were fixed without any prior consultation with the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 DPP }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s Office}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . Which would be conducting the prosecution of the case. \par \par It is significant that other than the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I.O.,}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 absence of witnesses was }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 advanced before the trial magistrate as a ground for seeking}{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 adjournment albeit that none were in fact present the following day when the trial}{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 magistrate called upon State Counsel to proceed. \par \par Be that as it may, reasons (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 1}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 &}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 3}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ) above were summarily dismissed by the trial magistrate in his ruling }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 as administrative difficulties which could have been easily avoided}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and, although the absence of the }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I.O.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 overseas appeared to the trial magistrate to be }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '} {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (a) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 good and sensible reason for adjournment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 .}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 It was rejected because }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 this was the same reason given to this Court on 10.4.01 when prosecution first asked for an adjournment}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 or a discharge}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 .}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par \par This latter reference was to earlier proceedings before another magistrate that had been drawn to the trial magistrate}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s attention by Counsel, with and upon which he had been discharged and which court file the trial magistrate had plainly accessed before delivering his adjournment ruling. \par \par In this regard }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Mishra J.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in quashing the conviction in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Rangaiya and}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 another v. R.}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (1977) 23 F.L.R. 177 without considering the merits of}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 seven other grounds of appeal, where the trial magistrate had}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 perused the record of an earlier case prior to delivering judgment, said at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 P. 179:}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I have theref ore come to the conclusion that the learned Magistrate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s action in perusing the record of the earlier case between the hearing and the judgment was a serious irregularity.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Counsel for the respondent (who was not counsel in the Magistrate Court) also referred in his written submissions, to the new wording of }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 202}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 [as replaced by }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 6}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the CPC (Amendment) Act }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 No. 37 of 1998] }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 as somehow curtailing the formerly unfettered powers of the Magistrate Court to adjourn a case before it.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 } {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I cannot agree. \par \par It may be noted however,}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 that}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 under the amendment, the power of a magistrate now to adjourn a matter is only exercisable}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 During the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hearing of any case\'85\'85.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not}{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Before}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 or during the hearing of any case\'85\'85}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 which was the original position under the}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 prior to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 amendment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . \par \par }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 In light of the distinction earlier drawn earlier drawn in this judgment a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 trial}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and a }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 hearing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the question that arises is, was the omission of the word }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Before}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in the amended section a deliberate one? }{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 does the omission mean that a magistrate no longer has power to grant an}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 adjournment before the hearing of a case has commenced? }{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 or}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 does the expression }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the hearing of any case}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 include }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 all}{ \fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 preliminary steps prior to the actual calling of witnesses? If it m eans the former then plainly the trial magistrate was correct in effusing }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the adjournment application}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in the absence of any jurisdiction to entertain it before the hearing had commenced, and }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 not,}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 because the reasons advanced by State Counsel were unacceptable.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 This matter was not addressed before me however and, for} {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 present purposes, I am content to adopt the latter as the less problematical solution. \par \par Having said that, I accept that the wording of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 202}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (as amended) does require a magistrate to record that}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 good cause}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 exists for adjourning a case but, other than the statutory examples in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 subsection (2)}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , a determination of what amounts to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 good cause}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in any particular case continues to remain entirely a matter for the trial magistrate to consider and determine in the exercise of his largely unfetted discretion. \par \par There can be no doubting that the trial magistrate in this case correctly followed the procedure laid down by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Pain J}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . in }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 DPP v. Vikash Sharma and Others}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (1994) 40 F.L.R.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 234 where his lordship said at }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.236}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 : \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 For}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 clarity I record the formal steps that should be taken by a Magistrate}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (after he refuses the prosecutor}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s adjournment application).}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 These rulings must }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 be formally noted in the record:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s18 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\langfenp1033\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \s18\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The application for an adjournment is refused; \par }\pard \s18\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s18 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\langfenp1033\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}\pard \s18\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The hearing }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 then proceeds by the Magistrate c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 alling upon the prosecutor to begin; \par }\pard \s18\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par (iii)\tab if no evidence is called by the prosecutor, then the defendant or defendants can be acquitted under Section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 210 of the Criminal Procedure Code.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par Earlier in his judgment his lordship recognized }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 that there must be some statutory}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 authority for a magistrate to take such step}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (i.e. to acquit an accused person without hearing any evidence}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and furthermore, his lordship observed at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.235}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ; \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85 .the case had been set down for hearing as a special fixture.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Court time had been allotted for the hearing.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 The due dispatch of Court business requires fixtures to proceed on the allotted day unless there are very compelling reasons for adjournment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 This is in the control of the Magistrate in each particular case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 In the present case under appeal the trial magistrate has not identified the relevant statutory provision that he acted under in acquitting the respondent albeit that respondent}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s counsel suggested at the hearing of the appeal that the trial magistrate had invoked }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 210}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 . \par \par Assuming that that was the relevant provision then clearly the exercise of it by the trial magistrate whilst seemingly consistent with the observations of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Pain J.}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (op.cit)}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 is plainly contrary to the dictum of }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Pathik J.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 State v. Shiu Prasad}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 cited earlier. \par \par In }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 DPP v. Neumi Kalou & Anor}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Criminal Appeal No. 6 of 1996 (unreported) }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Scott J.}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 recognized }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the uncertainly which flows from the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 different approaches taken}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and after referring to the Macahill decision and various provisions of the }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 CPC }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 concluded (at }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.4}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ): \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 a Resident Magistrate considering an application for an adjournment by the Prosecution needs to be aware that where the prosecution is unable to proceed following refusal of the}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 request the result will almost inevitable be acquittal which\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85.. is a much more dramatic consequence}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 } {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 than dismissal}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 , \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par and his lordship observed that in considering an adjournment application a trial magistrate (ibid at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.6}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ): \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85.is n ot confined to \'85\'85.the interests of the accused person but is entitled to have regard to the overall interests of justice}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par including (ibid at }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 p.7}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ) \par \par }\pard \s18\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \'85\'85\'85 .the public interest that a prosecution should be discontinued in this way }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (i.e. by acquittal without hearing an evidence), }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 particularly where a very serious offence such as burglary is involved.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 I respectfully adopt the above dicta in dealing with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 the adjournment application}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in this case and am constrained to hold that the trial magistrate erred in bein g unduly concerned with the personal circumstances of the respondent }{\b0\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 and}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 in failing to have regard to the overall }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 interests of justice}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 including the seriousness of the charge proferred against the respondent which carried a maximum penalty of 14 years imprisonment; the fact that the charge, in form, was for a }{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 general deficiency}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (see: }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Section 122(j) CPC}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 ) which is notoriously more difficult to prepare and prove than a single offence of stealing a specific amount on a specific date; and finally, in improperly perusing the record of the}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13578588 }{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 earlier proceedings against the respondent prior to delivering his ruling on the prosecution}{\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1845047 '}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 s application. \par \par The appeal is allowed, the acquittal set aside and the case is returned for trial in the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 Magistrates Court. \par \par }\pard \s18\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 (D.V. Fatiaki) \par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 JUDGE \par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 At Labasa, \par 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 May, 2002 \par \par }\pard \s18\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13578588 {\b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 HAA0039J.01B}{ \b0\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3082433\charrsid13578588 \par }}