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\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\pvpara\posx0\posy0\absw8497\nowrap\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\fs28\insrsid15823249 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\fs28\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3349646 9}}}
\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\fs28\insrsid15823249 
\par }\pard \ql \li-432\ri-432\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin-432\lin-432\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid15823249 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid15823249 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828 AT SUVA}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828 CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 CIVIL ACTION NO. HBC 619 OF 1996
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828 Between:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 CHANDRIKA PRASAD
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828 And}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 POST FIJI LIMITED
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par Mr. R. Prakash for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. P. Howard for the Defendant
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx6120\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In this case the plaintiff who was employed as a Postman/Sorter with the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Posts & Telecommunications Department}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 the}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  Department\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 ) claims }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 `back wages\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  due to him during the time that he was interdicted from duties whilst facing criminal charges which were ultimately dismissed by the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Nadi Magistrates Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and which dismissal was subsequently upheld on appeal by the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 High Court, Lautoka}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par The relevant dates in so far as the plaintiff\rquote s claim is concerned are:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls5\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 29th December 1984}
{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - the plaintiff was interdicted from his employment with the Department on being charged with criminal offences;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls5\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 29th October 1987}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - the Nadi Magistrates Court dismissed the criminal charges against the plaintiff and acquitted him;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls5\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 8th December 1989}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - the State\rquote s appeal against the plaintiff\rquote s acquittal was dismissed by the High Court, Lautoka;}{\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828  }{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 and 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls5\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 23rd December 1996}
{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - the plaintiff issued a Writ of Summons against the defendant company Posts Fiji Limited.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par The period of interdiction involved was just short of five }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (5)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 years during which time the plaintiff received no salary or other benefits from the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 It may be noted here that before the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 State}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote s appeal was finally disposed of, the plaintiff resigned from the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  with effect from }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 31st May 1988}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par On its face the case appears to be a straightforward one but intervening events during the plaintiff\rquote s interdiction and before the issuance of his }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Writ}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , have somewhat complicated the matter.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In essenc
e, during the above-mentioned period the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 was corporatised and then its principal functions were shared between two }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  separate entities namely, }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Telecom Fiji Limited}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Post Fiji Limited}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par The relevant dates in so far as the above corporatisation programme was concerned are as follows:
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls6\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 18th August 1989}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - Fiji Posts and Telecommunication Limited }{\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (\lquote FPTL\rquote )}{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was incorporated;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls6\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 1st January 1990}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - the }{\b\i\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote property, rights and liabilities\rquote }{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the Department were vested in }{\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 FPTL}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  pursuant to section 69 of the Posts and Telecommunications Decree 1989 }{\b\i\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (\lquote the Decree\rquote );
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls6\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 9th May 1996}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - Posts Fiji Limited }{\b\i\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (\lquote Posts}{\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote )}{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was incorporated;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls6\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\ul\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 1st July 1996}{
\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  - the postal services business and post assets of }{\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 FPTL}{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  were transferred to \lquote Posts\rquote  pursuant to an agreement dated }{
\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 26th June 1996}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (\lquote }{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote ) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 ;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5)\tab}}\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls6\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 3rd July 1996 - }{
\b\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 FPTL }{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 changed its name to Telecom Fiji Limited }{\b\i\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (\lquote Telecom\rquote )
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par As a consequence of the above metamorphosis the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  ceased to exist and in its place two }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  separate and distinct corporate entities were ultimately substituted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 So much then for the background to the claim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par 
\par In its amended defence the defendant company pleads the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 and claims that it is wrongly named as the defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In other words whilst the plaintiff claims that the ultimate successor to the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , the defendant claims it is either }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Telecom\rquote  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 or }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par When the matter eventually came on for trial on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 30th August 2001}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  after an unsuccessful attempt to h
ave the claim struck out and two }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  changes of solicitors, including a change in the judge who was assigned the case,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 counsels agreed that the matter could be expeditiously and conveniently dealt with by way of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Order 33}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 High Court Rules}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and written submissions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Two }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  preliminary questions were then formulated with the agreement of counsels as follows:
\par }{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote (A)\tab 
Whether or not the defendant company is the proper defendant to this action having regard to its incorporation and the continuity provisions of the Posts and Telecommunications Decree 1989 ?}{\b\i\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828  }{
\b\i\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\insrsid6629828 (B)\tab }{\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 If the answer to (A) is Yes, then whether or not section 69 of the Decree provides a complete}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  answer to the plaintiff\rquote s claim?\rquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par Written submissions and a set of agreed documents were eventually completed and filed in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 December 2001}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 I am grateful to counsels for the assistance provided to the Court and for the comprehensive submission which I have found extremely helpful.

\par 
\par As for }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 question (A)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  above plaintiff\rquote s counsel writes that }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the claim is brought against the defendant on the basis that the defendant is the ultimate successor of the Department of Posts and Telecommunications.\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par 
\par Defence counsel for his part writes:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote The plaintiff\rquote s action should have been against the state and no
t FPTL and certainly not against the Defendant.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  Earlier in his submission counsel wrote: }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
the company referred to in the Fiji Posts and Telecommunications Decree is FPTL.\rquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par 
\par Plainly both submissions could not be correct and in order to resolve the conflict it is necessary to carefully trace the metamorphosis of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par It is common ground that the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was corporatised with effect from }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 1st January 1990}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  pursuant to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Decree\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and the several ministerial }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Designations\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Orders\rquote 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  made thereunder [}{\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 see}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 : }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Extraordinary Fiji Republic Gazette Supplement }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 dated}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 27th December 1989}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 ]
\par 
\par In particular }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Decree}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  provided that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
On such day as the Minister may by order appoint for the purpose of this Part (in this Decree referred to as \lquote the transfer date\rquote 
) all the property rights and liabilities to which the Department of Posts and Telecommunications was entitled or subject immediately before that date, shall without further assurance [subject to the following provisions of this
 section] become by virtue of this section property rights and liabilities of a company nominated for the purpose of this section by the Minister (in this Decree referred to as \lquote the Company\rquote ).\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li18\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin18\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In this latter regard, by }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Order}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  dated }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 15th December 1989}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  the then }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Minister for Communications, Works and Transport}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  nominated }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  as the relevant company}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  \lquote 
for the purpose of section 69 of the Decree\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 By this date }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  had not been incorporated and could not therefore have been nominated for the purposes of \lquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Decree}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote  as }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Company\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , nor has it been nominated subsequently.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Section 69(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  cannot therefore be relied upon by the plaintiff to support the assertion that his claim for }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote back wages\rquote }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  (assuming it was a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the }
{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 at the relevant date) had become vested in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 . Indeed, if anything, by virtue of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and the above-mentioned ministerial }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 it had vested in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par Additionally, defence counsel seeks to rely on the provision of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69(4)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  as a complete bar to the plaintiff\rquote s claim in so far as it declares that:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote (d) \tab 
any reference to the property rights and liabilities of the Department of Posts and Telecommunications shall not include -
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2561326 {\insrsid2561326 (1)\tab }{\insrsid15823249\charrsid2561326 any contract of employment ; \lquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par and, since the plaintiff\rquote s claim is necessarily predicated upon the existence of a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote contract of employment\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  between the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 and himself, therefore, his claim (}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
Department\rquote s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
) is excluded from those }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liabilities\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  that were vested under }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Section 69}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par In response however, defence counsel invokes the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69(11)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  which enables:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
Any proceeding or cause of action pending or existing immediately before the transfer date ... against the Department of Posts and Telecommunication }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (or)}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  the Government ...}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  (to)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 be continued or enforced by or against the Company as it might have been enforced against the Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  (or)}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 the Government ..., if this Decree had not been made.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par and counsel writes:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote The plaintiff\rquote s case falls within this provision.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Although there was no proceedings pending the plaintiff\rquote s cause of action was pending immediately before the transfer date.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 It is submitted that if a cause of action was pending before the transfer date, it is irrelevant
 what the cause of action was or what facts it arose from.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
There is a clear provision that the pending cause of action survives and can be continued or enforced against the company.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par Later counsel writes about the plaintiff\rquote s }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote cause of action\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  as follows:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote The effective transfer date is 1st January 1990.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 The plaintiff\rquote s claim arose out of an interdiction on 29th December 1984.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828 
 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 The plaintiff\rquote s case relating to the interdiction was dismissed }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (by the High Court, Lautoka)}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  on 18th December 1989 and he resigned with effect from 31st May 1988.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 He had actually make his claim through his then solicitors, Khan & Associates by letter dated 3rd June 1988 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (exhibit 3)}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
It is clear from these facts that the plaintiff had a cause of action which was pending at the transfer date.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
Not only there was a pending cause of action the Department was aware of the plaintiff\rquote s claim prior to the transfer date.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
Accordingly, the plaintiffs cause of action survived and became a liability to be met by FPTL.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par The above submission does not assist however in resolving the problem in so far as }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Company\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 referred to in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69(11)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  against which a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\lquote cause of action\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  may be continued or enforced is }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  the named defendant company }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In other words even if}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  section 69(11)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 could be invoked to support the plaintiff\rquote s claim it would only sustain a claim against }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .

\par 
\par To overcome this apparent }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote lacuna\rquote ,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  plaintiff\rquote s counsel refers to the }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  entered into by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  wherein all the estate, right, title and interest of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in the postal services and postal assets that were formerly owned by the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 were transferred to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and counsel writes:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote The Agreement does not mention the exclusion or transfer of liabilities of FPTL to Posts.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 The Agreement ought not to be interpreted as excluding the transfer of liabilities of FPTL.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 If transfer of liabilities was not the intention the Agreement would have clearly and specifically excluded it.\rquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Specifically, counsel refers to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Object 3.1.1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Objects Clause}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of \lquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Post\rquote s}{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  Memorandum of Association}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 (Exhibit 2) as evincing an intention on the part of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 : 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote to acquire the 
property, rights and liabilities of the postal and ancilliary services and business held and carried on by \lquote FPTL\rquote .\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par In summary, counsel writes:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote The plaintiff was a postal worker.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 He had a pending cause of action against FPTL which survived at the date of transfer and became a liability of FPTL.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 That liability passed to Posts when it acquired the property right and liabilities of the postal and ancillary services and business held and carried on by FPTL.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Accordingly the defendant is liable to the plaintiff.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par For his part defence counsel, equally forcefully, submits that the plaintiff cannot avail himself of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69(11)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 in that }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote (he) had not started any judicial proceeding or action as at 1 January 1990\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 and counsel writes:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote The words }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (\lquote 
any proceeding or cause of action\rquote ) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 are used in this more formal context as pending or existing.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 They are actual judicial proceedings or actions existing or pending before the court.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 They are not to be used as any potential or possible proceeding or cause of action\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par and further:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
To allow the loose meaning attributed to the words of section 69(11) by the plaintiff would leave it open to absurd results.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
Any potential cause of action whether in contract, tort or otherwise could form the basis for all manner of litigation.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par Later in identifying the purpose of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  to be }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the transfer of the telecommunications and postal businesses }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (of the Department)}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  to an independent corporation\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and after referring to the provisions of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 64(4)(c)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  defence cousel writes:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
...the proceedings and actions are rather those contingencies that would be reflected in the accounts are revealed and known and in any event would have before 1 January 1990 have been filed in court naming the State and/or the Department.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 This section }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 [i.e. 69(11)]}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  enables the court to simply substitute the company (FPTL) for the Department without much ......and without complex judicial process.\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par In so far as the plaintiff\rquote s reliance on the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Objects Clause}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Memorandum of Association}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  is concerned , defence counsel writes:

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
The objects of a company are a mixture of powers and purposes that the company is empowered to do or pursue whether the company actually make use of such powers or pursues such purposes is a matter of evidence.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 One would have to look at contracts made, securities given or other action taken and draw conclusions from that contract.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
One would look at the objects only to ascertain whether that contract was within the powers and pursuant to the purposes set out in the Memorandum of Association.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par Accordingly on examining the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  (Exhibit 13) which is very specific as to what is transferred from }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , counsel writes:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
The employees are specified by name and attached in the Fifth Schedule.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
These do not include the plaintiff understandingly as he was not an employee }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (at the time)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 but there is no mention of any contingent liability that might be construed implied as referring to the plaintiff.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  
\par Having carefully considered the competing submissions I am satisfied that defence counsel is correct although for somewhat different reasons.
\par 
\par In my considered opinion }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Company\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  which is referred to in all the various subsections of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Section 69}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  is, by ministerial }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Order}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and no other.
\par 
\par I also accept that the term }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liabilities\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69 (1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  is not limited to a pre-determined liquidated amount or book debt but includes a contingent or potential liability such as the plaintiff\rquote s claim for }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote back wages\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  during the time of his interdiction from }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 28th December 1984}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  up till the date of his resignation from the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 31st May 1988}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , both of which events}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 pre-dates the }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote transfer date\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  i.e. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 1st January 1990}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par In so finding, I am not unaware of the plaintiff\rquote s claim that his interdiction }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote was removed on 31st March 1988'}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and further, that he was purportedly dismissed by the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Public Service Commission}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote PSC\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 )with effect }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 from 11th April 1988}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  but neither factor in my view, alters the statutory }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability\rquote  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in terms of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Regulation 26(3) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
Public Service Commission (Constitution) Regulations (cap 74)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 , to pay the plaintiff }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
.... compensation for loss of earnings in respect of the period of interdiction }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (where)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  he is acquitted\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the criminal charge that led to his interdiction in the first place.
\par 
\par I am fortified in this view by the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Section 69(10)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  which expressly provides }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 inter alia}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  that:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828\charrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
All......agreements, and working arrangements (whether or not in writing
) subsisting immediately before the transfer date, affecting any of the .....liabilities transferred to the Company under this section......from the Department of Posts and Telecommunications shall be of full force and effect against ......the Company, an
d enforceable as fully and effectual as if, instead of the Department of Posts and Telecommunication...........the Company had been named therein or had been a party thereto.\rquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par As for the plaintiff\rquote s }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote purported dismissal\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  by }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote PSC\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  there is little information provided to the Court about the reason(s) for it }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 the circumstances in which it occurred but in any event it was not accepted by the plaintiff and could not have been back-dated.
\par 
\par Having said that however I do not accept counsel\rquote s submission that the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department\rquote s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 liability for the plaintiff\rquote s }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote back wages\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
which was statutorily vested in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in terms of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69(1) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was subsequently, contractually transferred to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  under the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  entered into between }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par Needless to say at the date when the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was entered into i.e. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 26th June 1996,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  the plaintiff had long resigned from his employment with the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In fact the plaintiff had resigned even before the incorporation of both }
{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 18th August 1989}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 9th May 1996}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
In other words he was never an employee of either of the principal parties to the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  at any relevant time and cannot therefore, claim the benefit of }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Clause 1.3(d)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  as an }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote employee\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par That is not to say however that no }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  or }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote cause of action\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was in existence at the date of separation of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  from }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  or that the same was not vested in or enforceable against }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  pursuant to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 section 69 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the Decree\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  but, in the absen
ce of a similar ministerial nomination or statutory provision referring to or affecting }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
, it is necessary to closely examine what was transferred by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  to }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  under the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par Needless to say, however chronologically logical it may seem, the mere fact that the plaintiff was a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote postal worker\rquote  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (as opposed to a switch board operator) in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Department}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  does not mean that the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability
\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  for his }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote back wages\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 which was vested in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 must have been transferred or inevitably passed to }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  when }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  separated its principal functions.
\par 
\par In this latter regard the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  declares as its main purpose(s) the separation of the postal service business and assets from }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote FPTL\rquote  ; }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 the formation of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts
\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote transfer of postal services/business and assets of FPTL to Post Fiji Limited\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par In particular, the operative transfer clause in the agreement,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Clause 2}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  provides that:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
FPTL agrees to transfer and Post Fiji agrees to accept all FPTL\rquote s estate right title and interest in the Postal Services and Post Assets\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
and, by way of further clarification, }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Clause 1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  defines }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Postal Service}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  as:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
the business of postal and ancillary operations presently carried on by the Postal Division of FPTL\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 including }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\lquote all the postal business express mail service (EMS), post shop and other services and ancillary business that are being held, managed and operated by the Postal Division of FPTL at and including midnight on the 30th of June 1996'}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Post Assets}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 are defined as }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote  the assets both real estate, chattels....agreed to be transferred and more particularly described in the Second Schedule...\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par 
\par A cusory examination of the}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Second Schedule\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the agreement reveals that the transferred assets are comprised of land, buildings, te
nancies, plant, furniture and fittings, machinery, equipment and other chattels, business names, trade marks and other intellectual property of a philatelic nature.
\par 
\par By no stretch of the imagination can it be suggested from the foregoing, that }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 FPTL}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote s statutorily vested }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  for the plaintiff\rquote s }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote back wages\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  was contractually transferred to }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in terms of the operative words of }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Clause 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and I so find.
\par 
\par I am fortified by the existence of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Clause 5}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in the agreement which specifically deals with the transfer of }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote the employees of the postal division\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 FPTL}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 In my view the existence of the clause reinforces the nature of the }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote business\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote assets\rquote 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  that were transferred to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  under }
{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Clause 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote }{
\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 and, delimits, the 
}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote estate right title and interest\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
FPTL}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in them.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
Furthermore the absence of any mention in the agreement or even the use of the word }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote liability\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 is a factor that weighs heavily against plaintiff counsel\rquote s submission.
\par 
\par In so finding I am not unmindful of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 recital (E)(e)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  in the }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 `}{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Separation Agreement}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  and of the effect of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Section 22(4)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 Companies Act 1983}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828  which provides that:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6629828  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote 
a change of name by a company under this section shall not affect any rights or obligations of the company 
or render defective any legal proceedings by or against the company and any legal proceedings that might have been continued or commenced against it by it former name may be continued or commenced against it by its new name.\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par For the foregoing reasons the answer to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 question (A) }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 above is: No, }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 \lquote Posts\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
 is not the proper defendant to the action as pleaded, and the claim is accordingly dismissed with cost which are summarily assessed at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 $750.00}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 .
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 (D. V. Fatiaki)
\par Judge}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6629828 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid593133 At Suva 
\par 28th May 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15823249\charrsid6629828 
\par }}