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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 AT LABASA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 CIVIL JURISDICTION}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Plaintiff
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 COLONIAL MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE LIMITED
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Defendant
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\par Mr. A. Sen for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. H. Lateef for the Defendant
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 JUDGMENT
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 The plaintiff company is the registered proprietor of a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lease}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in the Business centre of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Labasa Town}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 on which is erected a double storey commercial building.
\par 
\par By }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Memorandum of Agreement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  dated }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 18th April 1995}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the plaintiff leased the top floor of the building to the defendant company for a term of five }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (5)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  from }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 1st May 1995}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  at a monthly rental of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 $4,600}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  (the }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote indenture\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ).
\par 
\par The indenture contains all the usual lessor\rquote s and lessee\rquote s convenants [except perhaps for }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 4(13)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
] of which it is only necessary to set out the following three }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2105904\charrsid9402813 clauses:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  
\par }{\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
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\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  
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\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 paying the rent hereby reserved and performing and observing the covenants and provision herein expressed or implied and on the part of the Lessee to be performed and/or to be observed the Lessee shall have quiet enjoyment of the demised premises through
out the term hereby created without any interruption or disturbance by the lessor or anyone lawfully claiming by through under or in trust for the Lessor. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote quiet enjoyment\rquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 clause) ; 
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\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx990\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 THAT}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  either party to this Agreement may terminate this contract by giving at least three month\rquote s clear notice in writing to the other upon expiry of original leasing agreement ; }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote termination\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  clause)}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 and 
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\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 THAT}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  this Agreement shall be subject to the consent of Director of Lands.\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 `subject to consent\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  clause)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Pursuant to the indenture the defendant company moved into the building.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
At the time the ground floor was already occupied by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Rajendra\rquote s Supermarket}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  w
hich used it as a supermarket business out-let.
\par 
\par The defendant company continued to occupy the top floor of the building for }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 2 years}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  until }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 January 1997}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  when its }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Property Investment Analyst}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  wrote to the plaintiff company to the effect that the defendant company\rquote s rented area was in excess of its requirements and he sought the plaintiff company\rquote 
s agreement to mutually cancel the lease }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 a new lease be drawn up to cover the floor area actually occupied by the defendant with the balance vacant space reverting to the plaintiff company.}{\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 The plaintiff company rejected the proposal for what reason is not disclosed but it prompted the defendant company to indicate that }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote ...... it may not consider extending the current lease once it expires in two (2) years time.\rquote }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Then followed a series of letters from the defendant company in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 April}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 June}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 December 1997}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  complaining }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 inter alia}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  about the failure of the plaintiff company to maintain the premises }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (to) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 an acceptable hygenic and clean standard\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 ; its failure to }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote properly secure carparks\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  for the defendant company\rquote s offices}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ; and its seeming lack of concern with }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
the dumping of refuse by the two nearby supermarkets at the rear }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (which was) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
...... a source of bad smell and ill-health to the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (defendant\rquote s) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 office staff.\rquote 
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Finally by letter dated }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 10th August 1998}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 [Exhibit (P}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070248\charrsid9402813 ) 8}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ]}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the defendant company gave notice of its intention }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (to) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 terminate the lease and vacate the premises by 31st December 1998}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .\rquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 This prompted a letter from the plaintiff company\rquote 
s solicitors denying any breach of the lease on the plaintiff company\rquote s part and advising that the plaintiff company would hold the defendant company liable for the rental for the full term of the lease which had two }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 years}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  remaining on it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 On }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 31st December 1998}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the defendant company vacated the premises.
\par 
\par On }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 18th May 1999}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the plaintiff company issued a }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Writ of Summons}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  claiming lost rental in the sum of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 $73,600}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , general damages, and costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 The defendant company filed a }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Statement of Defence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  asserting }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  that the lease }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote is unenforceable and/or void\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , alternatively, }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote ...... the plaintiff breached its obligations by not providing a clear }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (sic) }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 and reasonable premises for the defendant\rquote s occupation\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the Agreement had been }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
...... validly determined by giving adequate notice in accordance with the Lease Agreement.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par As for }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  above which, for convenience, may be described as : the }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote Section 13, Crown Lands Act\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  defence, defence counsel points to the provisions of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lands Act}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (Cap.132)}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ; the wording of the plaintiff company\rquote s }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lease}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and the date of commencement of the indenture namely : }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 1st day of May 1995'}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  ; the date on which the consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 was endorsed on the indenture namely : }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 10/08/95'}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  (i.e. }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 3 months}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  later) ; }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 and}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the undisputed evidence that the defendant company entered into occupation of the premises from }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 1st May 1995}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , as clear evidence of a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \rquote dealing with the land\rquote  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 in breach of the requirements of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 with the consequent result that the indenture was rendered }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote ...... null and void.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par Plaintiff\rquote s counsel on the other hand referred to the terms of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 11}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 of the indenture which made it expressly }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote subject to the consent of the Director of Lands\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 and submits that the effect of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Crown Lands Act }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 would, at most, render the rental payments by the defendant company between }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 May}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 August 1995}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  (i.e. }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 4 months}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ) refundable but did not affect the enforceability of the lease }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 after}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  consent had been granted so as to deny the plaintiff\rquote 
s claim for rental for the unexpired portion of the lease.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
There has however been no offer to refund the rental paid by the defendant company for the period }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 prior to}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Land\rquote s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  consent being endorsed on the indenture.
\par 
\par In counsel\rquote s submission }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Crown Lands Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  does not render illegal or null and void, the making of the indenture between the parties, rather, the Section targets }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote (a) dealing effected without }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the Director of Lands) }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 consent.\rquote }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 In other words this was not a case of }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote once illegal, always illegal\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 rather, it is a case of an initial conditional occupation being retrospectively rendered legal by the subsequent grant of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Land\rquote s}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  consent.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lands Act}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (Cap.132)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070248\charrsid9402813 provides:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote Whenever in any lease under this Act there has been inserted the following }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070248\charrsid9402813 clause:}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12070248 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote This lease is a protected lease under the provisions of the Crown Lands Act.\rquote }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
(hereinafter called a protected lease) it shall not be lawful for the lessee thereof to alienate or deal with the land comprised in the lease or any part thereof, whether by sale, transfer or sublease or in any other manner whatsoever, nor to mortgage, ch
arge or pledge the same, without the written consent of the Director of lands first had and obtained, nor, except at the suit or with the written consent of the Director of Lands, shall any}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 such lease be dealt with by any court of law or under the process o
f any court of law, nor, without such consent as aforesaid, shall the Registrar of Titles register any caveat affecting such lease.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Any sale, transfer, sublease, assignment, mortgage or other alienation or dealing effected without}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 such consent shall be null and void.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par The meaning and effect of the above provision and a similar provision in the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Native Lands Trust Act }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (Cap.134)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 viz}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 12}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , has been the subject matter of numerous judgments of this Court, the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Fiji Court of Appeal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and even the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Privy Council}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 `principles\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 enunciated in those decisions may be considered to be firmly established.
\par 
\par Thus, it may be stated that }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Crown Lands Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  is confined in its application to a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  which bears on its face the statutory formulation : }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
This lease is a protected lease under the provisions of the Crown Lands Act\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  [}{\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 see}{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 : }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Damodaran Reddy v. Ragwa Nand}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  applied in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Ganpati v. Somasundaram}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1976) 22 F.L.R.194}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ].
\par 
\par Furthermore, the execution by the parties without more, of an agreement for sale and purchase of a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  made subject to the consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
, is not in and of itself a prohibited }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote dealing in land\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  [}{
\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 see}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  : }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Harnam Singh and Anor v. Bawa Singh}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1958/59) 6 F.L.R.31}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ].
\par 
\par Whatsmore, no transaction or negotiation can be held to be a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote dealing in land\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 unless it creates an immediate interest in land in some person other than the owner [}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 per}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Marsack J.A.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Courts Bros. (Furnishers) Ltd. v. Sunbeam Transport Ltd}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1969) 15 F.L.R.206}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 209}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ].
\par 
\par Accordingly, a verbal agreement by the lessee for another person to enter on the land comprised in a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and to carry out certain works - such as the erection of a building - thereon constitutes }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote a dealing in land
\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in that it is a licence to occupy coupled with possession [}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Chalmers v. Pardoe}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1963) 3 ALL E.R.352 (P.C.)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Ram Din v. Pyara Singh}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1977) 23 F.L.R.128}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ].
\par 
\par Similarly, a transfer of a mortgage is a transaction that affects an interest in the land and is thus a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote dealing with the land\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  which requires the prior written consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  as would a mortgagee\rquote s sale of a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  although it involves the lease being dealt with other than by the lessee [}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands v. Abdul Razak}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1993) 39 F.L.R.292}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ].
\par 
\par Returning then to the facts of the present case, the indenture bears on its face, the declaration }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
.... that this lease is a Protected Lease under the provisions of the Crown Lands Act.\rquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 It was plainly a }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in terms of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lands Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 and, as such, it was unlawful for the plaintiff company to }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote deal with the land comprised in the lease or any part thereof\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in any way, without the prior written consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .
\par 
\par The question that arises therefore is did the plaintiff company }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote deal with the land\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 in any prohibited way before obtaining the consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12070248\charrsid9402813 Lands?}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par In this regard, it is common ground that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 after the indenture was executed by the parties, the defendant company moved i
nto the building erected on the plaintiff company\rquote s }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 and established its offices on the top floor }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  has paid its monthly rental since then until the end of }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 December 1998}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  when it vacated the premises.
\par 
\par Furthermore endorsement of the consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  at the top of the first page of the indenture }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 [Exhibit P(1)]}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  is clearly dated }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 10/08/95'}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  which is a little over three }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 months after the date of commencement of the indenture }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote pursuant to }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (which) }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 the defendant company }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (had) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 mo
ved on to the said premises\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  (}{\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 see}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 : }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 para 2}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Statement of Claim}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ).
\par 
\par In light of the foregoing Defence Counsel forcefully submits that the defendant company\rquote s occupation of the rented premises }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote pursuant to the Agreement\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  occurred on }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 1st May 1995}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  which is a date }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 prior}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  to the written consent of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Director of Lands}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and amounts to an unlawful }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote dealing\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  with part of the land comprised in the plaintiff company\rquote s }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in contravention of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Land Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 . 
\par 
\par Plaintiff\rquote s counsel whilst seeming to accept that the defendant company\rquote s occupation of the premises was illegal prior to the date when consent was given, nevertheless, submits that }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote there can be subsequent consent to an illegal occupation and performance of a contract.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 I cannot agree.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lands Act}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  expressly requires that }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote the written}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 consent of the Director of Lands }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (be)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 first had and obtained ......\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  before a lessee of a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote protected lease\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  can deal with the land comprised in the lease and, whilst I accept that the execution of the indenture did not amount to a prohibited }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote dealing\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  with the land, the entry into possession by the defendant company }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \rquote pursuant to the Agreement\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and the payment of rental therefor, amounted in my view to a prohibited }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \rquote dealing\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  with the land in the absence of the prior approval of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Director of Lands}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .
\par 
\par In }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Phalad v. Sukh Raj}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1978) 24 F.L.R.170}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Henry J.A.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 in holding that the agreement in that case was null and void said at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (p.175)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \rquote The use of the term \lquote in any other manner whatsoever\rquote 
 gives a wide meaning to the prohibited acts.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
For myself I have no doubt but that the true construction of the agreement and the substantial implementation of such an agreement ...... under which possession is completely parted with to the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (lessee)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  and immediate mutual rights and liabilities are created in respect of such exclusive possession, is a breach of 
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  Section if done before the consent is obtained.\rquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li18\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin18\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Later in rejecting a submission not dissimilar to that of plaintiff\rquote s counsel 
regarding the obtaining or granting of consent after performance or implementation of the indenture, his lordship said at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (p.176}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 )}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote For the argument of counsel to succeed it would be necessary to read into }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 Section words which would permit a conditional alienation or dealing with the land conditional upon the consent being later given.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
This would render the words in }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section \lquote without}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 the consent of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the Director of Lands)}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  first had and obtained\rquote  mere supplusage of no effect.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Further the transaction would not be null and void but only so if the consent were not subsequently obtained.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 The words \lquote alienate\rquote  and \lquote deal with\rquote  as elaborated in }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section are absolute and do not permit conditional acts in contravention.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
If before consent, acts are done, pending the granting of consent, which come within the prohibited transactions, then the Section has been breached and later consent cannot make lawful that which was earlier unlawful and null and void.\rquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 And}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  finally, in a reference to the effect of a provision in the agreement similar to }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 11}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the present indenture, his lordship }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5653459\charrsid9402813 said:}
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
The making of the agreement conditional upon consent being granted does not assist ...... because }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section does n
ot permit the conditional doing of the acts prohibited by }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 The time factor is plain and mandatory.\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par Although the above dicta was spoken in relation to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 12}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Native Lands Trust Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (Cap.134)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , I respectfully adopt it as equally applicable to }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 13}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Crown Lands Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  [}{
\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 see also}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  : }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Queens Road Properties Ltd. v. Anand Vikash}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  Suva C.A. No. 100 of 1976}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{
\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 per}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Kermode J.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 pp 5/6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ].
\par 
\par In light of the foregoing plaintiff counsel\rquote s submissions are plainly incompatible with the }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 `principles\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 established by the above-mentioned decisions of the Courts and are therefore rejected as unsustainable.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
On this ground alone the claim must be dismissed.
\par 
\par If I should be wrong however, I turn next to consider the third defence pleaded in the }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Statement of Defence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  i.e. 
\lquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 the termination clause defence\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 to the effect that the defendant company had properly invoked the provisions of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 of the indenture by giving the plaintiff company more than \lquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 three months clear notice in writing\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 of its intention to terminate the agreement [}{\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 see}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 : }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Exhibit P(8)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ] and thereafter vacating the premises.
\par 
\par In this regard plaintiff\rquote s counsel forcefully submits that the meaning of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 is clear and has no application to the prevailing circumstances insofar as the clause may be invoked only after }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote the expiry of }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (the)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  original leasing agreement\rquote }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 which counsel claims is for a minimum term of five }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (5)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 years. 
\par 
\par The function of a court in construing a written contract is conveniently summarised by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Henry J.A}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 H.P. Kasabia Bros. Ltd. v. Reddy Construction Ltd}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 (1977) 23 FLR 235 when his lordship said at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 p.255 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 :
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
......the express words of the contract must first be construed in the surrounding circumstances but not on the basis of what the parties may have said was their intention at the time.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Nor can any prior or subsequent conduct determine the meaning of their written contract unless there is more than one way in which the contract can be construed, that is unless there is an ambiguity in the way in which the
 terms are recorded in the event subsequent conduct may be looked at.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
The paramount task of the court is to consider the express words used, considering them, of course, in the context of the whole of the provisions in the writing and the relevant background.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 It is beside the point that the parties may consider their obligations to be different from the express terms of the recording instrument.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 That can only be a matter of rectification or perhaps estoppel.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 If the words are capable of being given a meaning then that is the intention and obligation in accordance with the writing.\rquote 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par If I may say so }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 is unfortunately worded in that, on one reading, it purports to be a termination clause that only becomes operative upon expiry of the lease.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 This is a c
ontradiction in terms in so far as a lease that has expired through effluxion of time is incapable of being terminated unless it is automatically renewed or extended by mutual agreement of the parties (}{
\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 see}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 : }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 9}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 ).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Quite simply there would be nothing to }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 terminate!}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par 
\par When pressed with this apparent }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote contradiction in terms\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  plaintiff\rquote 
s counsel, at first, suggested that the clause may not have been intended for the benefit of the defendant company at all or, alternatively, the clause imposed a compulsory minimum three }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
(3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  month extension of the lease in the event that there was a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote holding over\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  after it had expired.
\par 
\par I cannot accept that such is or could be the intention or meaning of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 which plainly provides for the termination of the agreement by the giving of a written notice by either party.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Moreso where }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 9}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  expressly grants to the defendant company an option to renew the lease exercisable in writing }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote three calendar months before the expiration of the term\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .
\par 
\par Needless to say if the construction suggested by plaintiff\rquote s counsel is correct then a number of Clauses in the indenture which expressly contemplates }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote 
..the sooner determination of the term hereby created..\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  would be rendered meaningless egs }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 4(3)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  on page 1, }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clauses 7(b)(ii) & 11}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  on pages 2 & 3 and }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 18(4)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  on page 5.
\par 
\par Defence counsel for his part accepts that in order for the clause to make any sense and be workable it is necessary }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote to delete or ignore}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 the last six (6) words\rquote }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  namely, the phrase }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote .....upon expiry of}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  (the) }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
original leasing agreement\rquote  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
This would have the effect of enabling either party to the indenture to determine the agreement (during its existence) by giving not less than three months written notice to the other party.
\par 
\par Furthermore Counsel argues that even if the retention by the defendant company of the keys of the rented premises could be said to amount to a }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote holding over\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  under the lease}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
(which I very much doubt) so as to enable the lease thereafter to be terminated by notice, such }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote holding over\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  would, at most, be on a monthly basis and therefore determinable on a month\rquote s notice [}{\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813\charrsid9402813 see:}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Section 89 (1) (b)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  of the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Property Law Act}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  (Cap. 130)].
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
Having carefully considered the competing submissions I accept the submissions of defence counsel which not only gives effect to the substance of the clause but also avoids the manifest absurdity that
 arises from attempting to give some meaning to the phrase : }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote ...upon expiry of original leasing agreement\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .
\par 
\par In my view the last six }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (6)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  words of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  are, in the words of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Denning L.J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  in }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Nicolene Ltd v Simmonds }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (1953) 1 All E R 822}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  at}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  p.826}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 :
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 \lquote ...so vague and uncertain as to be incapable of any precise meaning.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (They are)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  clearly severable from the rest of the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (clause)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , and can be rejected without impairing the sense or reasonableness of the }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 (clause)}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813  as a whole, and it should be so rejected.\rquote }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par Such being the meaning of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , I am more than satisfied from the evidence including the plaintiff company
\rquote s letter dated }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 10th August 1998}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
 and the undisputed fact that the plaintiff company vacated the premises at the end of December 1998 and paid rent up till }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 31st December 1998}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 , that there has been a lawful termination of the lease pursuant to }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 Clause 10}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9402813  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 On this ground too, the plaintiff company\rquote s claim cannot succeed.

\par 
\par For the foregoing reasons the claim is dismissed with costs which are summarily fixed at }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 $750.00}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 .
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 D. V. Fatiaki}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 JUDGE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402813 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid4226054 
\par At Labasa,
\par 20th May, 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13314085\charrsid9402813 
\par }}