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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 2002S
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 MATASAU HOLDINGS LTD
\par t/a SOUTH SEAS TIMBER
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 PLAINTIFF
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 1ST DEFENDANT
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 2ND DEFENDANT
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 3RD DEFENDANT
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939 Counsel for the Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Mr G. O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Driscoll, Messrs O}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Driscoll & Shivam
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939 Counsel for the Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Mr I. Fa,}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Fa & Company 
\par 
\par Date of De}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939 cision}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Friday, 2nd August, 2002
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939 Time of Decision}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 11.00 a.m.
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\par The plaintiff is a duly registered Limited Liability Company trading in timber and forest produce.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 On 22 July 2002 it made an ex}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 parte application for an interlocutory injunction, which the Court ordered to an inter}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 parte hearing on 24 July 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
The plaintiff was to serve all the documents on the defendant.
\par 
\par The affidavit in support of the application is made by one Ross Davison, of the Directors of the plaintiff Company.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
He deposes that on 31 May 2002, the plaintiff and the 3rd defendant entered into an agreement that would entail the 3rd defendant obtaining a logging licence which would allow the plaintiff exclusive rights to log mahogany}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 plantation on the Tenement known as Tawavatu}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 being Lot 41, NLC 163}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 situated}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 at Galoa in the province of Serua.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The approximate area of the Tenement is 3.8698}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 hectares.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
plaintiff claimed that it paid a}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 sum of $250.00 in consideration of the said agreement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 A copy of the said agreement is annexed to the affidavit.
\par 
\par The 3rd defendant in the negotiations leading up to the Agreement, represented himself to be acting on behalf of Tokatoka Korowaiwai, Mataqali Nareba on whose land the mahogany plantation is located.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The plaintiff through the affidavit of its director claimed that in breach of the said agreement, the 3rd defendant sometime thereafter, independently proc
eeded to enter into another agreement with the 1st and 2nd defendants, who presently are harvesting the mahogany forest on the Tenement in question.
\par 
\par In its motion, the plaintiff prays for orders}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
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\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 (i)\tab Restraining the Defendants whether by themselves and/or by their servants and/or agents and otherwise from interfering with SSTT}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
s interests as grantee in Tawavatu being Lot 41 NLC 163 situated at Galoa, Serua having approximately 3.8698 hectares of forest;
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\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 (ii) \tab Restraining the Defendants whether by themse
lves and/or by their servants and/or in anyway using the timber that was on the said land up to and including any such timber which existed on the land as at Thursday 11th day of July 2002.}{
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\par When the application came before me on 24 July 2002, I ordered f
urther documents to be filed by the plaintiff and thence the defendants to clarify the issues relating to approvals from the Native Land Trust Board and Forestry Department that normally pertain to logging licences and forest concessions as required by la
w.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The plaintiff filed its affidavit soon after although it did not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 address in details the issue of approvals.
\par 
\par At the hearing on 26th July 2002, the plaintiff in the absence of the defendants or their Counsel, obtained an Order for interim injunction with costs of $200 awarded against the 3rd Defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 However, the defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  Counsel by ex}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
parte application obtained a Stay of the Order later on the same day.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
The Court in addition ordered the defendants to serve the plaintiff with all the documents including all the affidavits filed in support and adjourned for hearing to 30th July 2002.
\par 
\par Two preliminary matters by way of opposition to the Stay Order obtained by the defendants, were initially raised by the Counsel for the plaintiff at the hearing on 30th July.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 With respect to the first, on the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
affidavit of the Counsel for the defendants, the plaintiff Counsel intimated that the events as deposed did not truly reflect what transpired and at any rate, the sick certificate exhibited and annexed to the affidavit
 was not in proper form and did not comply with the approved form.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The Court however had accepted the contents of the defendants}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  Counsel}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
s affidavit when it dealt with the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s application on 26 July.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 This included the exhibits annexed thereto.

\par 
\par The plaintiffs}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
 Counsel then argued that the defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  ex}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
parte application for Stay which the Court granted on 26th July, did not comply with O.41 r.9 of the High Court Rules.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
This is because all the affidavits filed in support of the application were not indorsed as specifically required under O.41 r.9(2) of the Rules which states}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 (2)\tab Every affidavit must be indorsed with a note showing on whose behalf it is filed and the dates of swearing and filing, and an affidavit which is not so indorsed may not b
e filed or used without the leave of the Court.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par With respect, although the Rules suggest that leave of the Court is formally obtained, the very fact that the Court has entertained and accepted the affidavit or documents that had been filed without a formal application}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 presumes that the Court has granted leave in the process.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 It is a different matter if the non}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
compliance to O.41 r.9 goes to the heart and substance of the cause of action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 This is far from the case in this instance.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 At any rate the Court wo
uld be reluctant to refuse leave for the filing of affidavits or any document that do not comply with procedural requirements such as those made under O.41.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 As made clear by England}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s Lord Chief Justice in his Practice Directions on July 21 1983 (}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Practice Direction}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 (Evidence}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  Documents) [1983] 1 WLR 922}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 ; }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 [1983] 3 ALLER, 33}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 ) on its R.S.C. Ord. 41 the equivalent of our O.41 High Court Rules}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Any affidavit exhibit or bundle of documents which does not comply with R.S.C. Ord. 41 and this direction }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 may be reje
cted}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  by the Court, or made the subject for an order for costs.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \fi2160\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 (Emphasis is mine)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par There is therefore no question in my view that the Court can and has the powers to admit affidavits}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
notwithstanding that leave had not been formally sought for non compliance with the High Court Rules.
\par 
\par We now proceed to the consideration of the matter before the Court namely the application by the defendants to set aside the interlocutory injunction granted against them on 26 July 2002.
\par 
\par The plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s outline of the facts
 that has given rise to the grant of the injunction are briefly set out above in the affidavit of Mr Ross Davison, one of its directors.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
In his supplementary affidavit filed on 25 July 2002, Mr Davison for the plaintiff explained that the contact with the 3rd defendant was established through the latter}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s son, one Semi Cokanasiga in or around of May 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Mr Cokanasiga, according to the affidavit, not only interested the plaintiff in the Mahogany plantation on Lot 41 NLC 163 at Galoa, but also advised that 
his father, the 3rd defendant, was the head of the Tokatoka Korowaiwai the Fijian land}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 owning unit to which NLC 163 belonged.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Furthermore, the 3rd defendant had the capacity to give the consent of the landowners.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 There was also, according to the affidavit, assurance from Mr Cokanasiga, that there existed no}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 agreements with any other party, for the logging of the mahogany plantation in question.
\par 
\par The Agreement signed by the Plaintiff and the 3rd defendant supposedly on behalf of Tokatoka Korowaiwai on 31 May 2002 is the result of the negotiations since the first contact of 9 May.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The Agreement headed }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Logging Concession Agreement}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  purported to give the plaintiff }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 exclusive right, licence and authority}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  to enter and harvest any or all of the timber that stood on Lot 41 NLC 163.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The access to the tenement and what the Plaintiff could do thereupon was unfretted.
\par 
\par In return, the plaintiff agreed to pay the 3rd defendant for all the mahogany logs harvested at $80.00 per log cubic metre for mahogany logs 35cm and gr
eater in diameter, and $40.00 per log cubic metre for mahogany logs under 35 cm in diameter; and logs under 35 cm were to be purchased at the discretion of the plaintiff.
\par 
\par Under the Agreement the 3rd defendant warrants that he is the authorised representat
ive of the Tokatoka Korowaiwai; that he is entitled to harvest all the timber on NLC 163; that he has authority to permit the plaintiff entry on to the tenement; and has the capacity to pass on title of the timber harvested.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The Agreement further required 
that the 3rd defendant to obtain all the necessary formalities including the Native Land Trust Board approval and as well as access to and from the tenement.
\par 
\par For all of these the plaintiff paid a sum of $250.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 But even then, the voucher for the payment states that the money merely represented }
{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
Advance against log supply from Tawavatu being Lot 41 NLC 163 situated at Galoa.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par The Agreement imposed on the 3rd defendant responsibility for everything from obtaining approvals and licences and implicitly the p
ayment of requisite fees to responsible authorities thereby, to negotiating access to and from the property, as well indemnifying the plaintiff for}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 claims of damages should perchance the plaintiff encroached and harvested timber on any adjoining property.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Alternatively should the plaintiff encroach and harvest on adjoining properties, it may deduct the cost of any claims from the payments due to the 3rd defendant.
\par 
\par The Agreement further makes the assumption that the 3rd defendant possessed the full legal ca
pacity and therefore authority to represent Tokatoka Korowaiwai, even although there exists very clear and well known procedures and guidelines to follow to ascertain such matters.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The claim by the plaintiff that}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 the 3rd defendant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 as}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 well}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 as his}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 son}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 had}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 jointly or}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 severally stated}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 that}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
3rd defendant represented Tokatoka Korowaiwai, and the plaintiff as a consequence acted on that belief, is to its own peril, given the administrative procedures I have already alluded to.
\par 
\par Under the Agreement, the plaintiff, after all the ground works is done by the 3rd defendant, is granted unfretted access and Stay on the Tenement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 It may harvest the mahogany plantation or any other timber on the property so it appears, although payment was to be made only in respect of mahogany logs.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 It may build roads, trails, bridges or any other infrastructural necessities incidental to the logging operation.
\par 
\par There is no doubt that the plaintiff with all its commercial expertise asserted and managed to gain a very favourable Agreement over a simple and unsophisticated party.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Be that as it may the plaintiff asserts that the Agreement is valid and that had secured its rights to the logging on Lot 41, NLC 163.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 T hat the plaintiff did not at the end begin its logging operations was due to
 the 3rd plaintiff not obtaining the necessary logging licence contrary to the terms of the Agreement and the fact that the 3rd defendant and Tokatoka Korowaiwai had entered into another Agreement with the 1st and 2nd defendants.
\par 
\par The 1st and 2nd defendants allege that they were unaware and therefore not party to any negotiations between the plaintiff and the 3rd defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The affidavit of one Usaia Tukana on behalf of the 1st defendant deposed that he negotiated on behalf of the 1st and 2nd Defendants wit
h the 3rd defendant and Tokatoka Korowaiwai, Mataqali Nareba.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
He too was not aware of the negotiations and agreement between the plaintiff and the 3rd defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
Mr Tukana stated that he on behalf of the 1st defendant entered into a series of negotiations with the 3rd defendant and the Fijian land}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
owning unit until finally an Agreement was reached.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
The Agreement is not dated as to the day and month of 2002 and is annexed to the said affidavit.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Also annexed marked }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 A}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  and }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 B}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  to Mr Usaia Tukana}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s affidavit a
re the licence issued by the Forestry Department to the 3rd defendant to extract mahogany logs from Lot 41 as well as approval from the Native Land Trust Board for a }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Free Issue Licence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  which entitled the 3rd defendant to harvest indigenous timber from around and amongst the mahogany trees in the same area.
\par 
\par Interestingly, the Agreement between the Landowners}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  and the 3rd defendant and the 1st defendant is more precise and generally in conformity with the guidelines issued by the Native Land Trust Board and the Forestry Department.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 These are for example, making the land}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 owning unit besides the 3rd defendant as the party to the Agreement, provisions for arbitration by the Forestry Department, deposit payment and as well as goodwill payment.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 All of these are the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 bread and butter}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  issues of such timber licences or forest concessions.
\par 
\par In the application before the Court, the defendants argue that the injunction granted to the plaintiff on 26th July 2002 should be set aside to avoid the defendants incurring considerable damages on its present logging operations.
\par 
\par The principles that govern interlocutory injunctions are clear and settled since Lord Diplock}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s pronouncement in }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 American Cyanamid Co. vs. Ethicon Ltd.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  [1975] AC 396.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Lord Diplock at p.510 said}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 My Lords, when an application for an interlocutory injunction to restrain a defendant from doing acts alleged to be a violation of the plaintiff}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
s legal right is made on contested facts, the decision whether or not to grant an interlocutory injunction has to be taken 
\par at a time when ex hypothesis the existence of the right or the violation}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
of it, or both is uncertain and will remain uncertain until final judgment is given in the action.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
It was to instigate the risk of injustice to the plaintiff during the period
 before the uncertainty could be resolved that the practice arose of granting him relief by way of interlocutory injunction; but since the middle of the 19th Century this has been made the subject to his undertaking to pay damages to the defendant for any
 loss sustained by reason of the injunction of it should be held at trial that the plaintiff had not been entitled to restrain the defendant from doing what he was threatening to do.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par Later on Lord Diplock added}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The object of the interlocutory injunctio
n is to protect the plaintiff against injury by violation of his right for which he could not be adequately compensated in damages recoverable in the action if the uncertainty were resolved in his favour at the trial; but the plaintiff}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s need for protectio
n must be weighed against the corresponding need for the defendant to be protected against the injury resulting from having from being prevented from exercising his own legal rights for which he could not be adequately compensated under the plaintiffs und
ertaking in damages if the uncertainty were resolved in the defendants favour at the trial.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
The Court must weigh one need against another and determine where the balance of convenience lies.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par Lord Denning in }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Hubbard vs. Vosper}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  (1972) 1 ALL ER 1023 at 1029 stated as follows}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 In considering whether to grant an interlocutory injunction the right course of action for a judge is to look at the whole case.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 He must have regard not only to the strength of the claim but also to the strength of the defence, and then decidewhat is best to be done.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 In }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Cobwebb Co. Pty. Ltd.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  vs. }{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Ratu Kavekini Nakelia & Anr.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
 (Civil Appeal No. 46 of 1990) the Fiji Court of Appeal recognised the authority established by the }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 American Cyanamid}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
 case (supra) and the following criteria to be applied}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Is there a serious issue to be tried?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}Are damages an adequate remedy?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}Where does the balance of convenience lie?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}Are there any special factors?
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 There is no doubt, notwithstanding the Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s views on the same, that the Agreement reached between 
the plaintiff and the 3rd defendant on 31st May 2002, raised serious issues of a contractual nature as between the parties.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
For example, does the Agreement bind the Fijian land}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 owning unit of which the 3rd defendant purported to represent in his dealings w
ith the plaintiff?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Was the plaintiff entitled to rely solely on the representation made by the 3rd defendant?
\par 
\par What of the adequacy of the damages?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
The Court in considering such criteria, has to assess whether the plaintiff could be adequately compensated by damages if refused an injunction; or whether the defendant could be adequately compensated in damages if an injunction was granted.
\par 
\par From the evidence of both parties, and the information provided by the authorities, it is clear that the forest produce to be harvested can easily be quantified.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 This is because the area in which the plantation is being harvested is known (approximately 3.8698 hectares) and the logs are recorded and payments effected.
\par 
\par For its part, the plaintiff claims that in reliance of the Agreement it entered into with the 3rd defendant, it had entertained orders for timber or timber products from clients.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 In the Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s view, it is difficult to envisage a scenario where the plaintiff, upon learning of Tokatoka Korowaiwai}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s views on the
 Agreement conveyed by a member of the Tokatoka in a letter dated 12 June 2002 and which was received the next day, the plaintiff would still proceed and entertain any orders from clients.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 At any rate the commencement date of the Agreement was still to be decided and left at }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 as soon as practicable within the overall business plan of the Grantee.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par It seems to me therefore that taking all relevant matters into consideration, I am of the view that the plaintiff would and can be adequately compensated by the 1st and 2nd defendants should damages be awarded in its favour.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The 1st and 2nd defendants furthermore, have, through one of their directors, filed into Court an affidavit of means.
\par 
\par On the other hand, the position of the defendants, who pursuant to their licences are harvesting both mahogany and indigenous trees on Lot 41 NLC 163, would be adversely affected by the continuation of the injunction.
\par 
\par The defendants have workers vehicles and equipment deployed on the ground and the logs are being trucked to the sawmill on a regular basis.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 According to the defendants, they have expended considerable money and time to reach the stage they are now.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 It is also questionable as illustrated by the affidavit of Mr Christopher Donlon a director of the 1st defendant and 
filed on 26 July 2002, that the plaintiff has the capacity to undertake to the Court the damages by way of compensation should the interlocutory injunction subsequently be found by the Court not to have been made.
\par 
\par There are two other matters that perhaps fall into the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 special factors}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  under the }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 American Cyanamid}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 criteria.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
First, the Agreement between the plaintiff and the 3rd defendant contains a penalty provision for non}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 performance.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Paragraph 7 of the said Agreement makes clear that the plaintiff can de
mand damages in the amount of $250.00 per day if the 3rd defendant does not comply with the terms of the Agreement.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
It seems to me that having found that there is a serious question of law to be tried, on the merits of the substantive claim, the question is whether the plaintiff will be adequately compensated by an award of damages at the trial.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Again Lord Diplock in }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 American Cyanamid}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  (supra) at p.408 stated}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 If the damages in the measure recoverable at Common Law would be an adequate remedy and the defen
dant would be in a financial position to pay them, no interlocutory injunction should normally be granted.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par It is open to the plaintiff to pursue Common Law action for breach of the terms of the Agreement against the 3rd defendant and Tokatoka Korowaiwai.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 After all the gist of the plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 s argument on the right to harvest the mahogany plantation is premised on the clear understanding that the 3rd defendant was acting on behalf of his Tokatoka.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The Counsel for the plaintiff referred the Court to the case of }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
Cobwebb Co. Pty Limited}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  case (supra) as authority of the existence of such representative}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 capacity in a Fijian land}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 owning situation, and recognised by the Courts.

\par 
\par The second special factor relates to the issuance of licence to log.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The law stipulates
 that no person is permitted to extract log from native land except in accordance with a licence prescribed under the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
Land (Forest) Regulations.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 The status of the plaintiff is this matter is that it has no licence but had relied on the 3rd defendant to obt
ain one in his name.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
On the other hand, the 1st and 2nd defendants have tendered to Court as annexure to their affidavits, copies of the licence issued to the 3rd defendant and in the case of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 Free Issue Licence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  to harvest indigenous timber, the 1st Defendant is specifically named as the logging agent.
\par 
\par The balance of convenience requires the Court to weigh the extent to which the disadvantages to each party would be incapable of being compensated in damages.
\par 
\par Having considered all the factors relevant to the application before me, I have decided that the balance of convenience lies with the defendants.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 In my view, to allow the injunction to stand would do more damages to the defendants}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939  business and operations, then the setting aside of it would do the plaintiff.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 After all, the plaintiff has yet to overcome the first hurdle in proving the existence of a binding Agreement between itself and the Fijian land}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10319939 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 owning unit Tokatoka Korowaiwai.
\par 
\par Under the circumstances, I order that the interim injunction granted to the plaintiff on 26th July 2002 be set aside and is hereby dissolved.
\par 
\par I award costs of $200 to the defendants.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 F. JITOKO
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 JUDGE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10319939 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4666285\charrsid10319939 
\par At Suva
\par 2nd August 2002
\par }}