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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par MISCELLANEOUS JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 MISCELLANEOUS ACTION NO: HAM 049 OF 2002S
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Between:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 ARIF AFZAL KHAN
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Applicant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 And:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 THE STATE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731\charrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 10th December 2002
\par Ruling:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731\charrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 10th December 2002
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731\charrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Mr E. Veretawatini for Applicant
\par Mr N. Nand for Respondent
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731 RULIN}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 G}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par The Applicant, who has been remanded in custody since the 5th of December 2002, pending sentence, now applies for bail.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
He has pleaded guilty to the following charge:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx450\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Statement of Offence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 ASSAULT OCCASIONING ACTUAL BODILY HARM}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 : Contrary to Section 245 of the Penal Code, Act 17.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Particulars of Offence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
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\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
AREEF AFZAL KHAN s/o Ali Khan, on the 22nd day of January, 2002 at Nasinu in the Central Division, assaulted one Shazia Mehnaaz Khan d/o Mohammed Ibraim thereby occasioning her actual bodily harm.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par The affidavit of Shazia Mehnaz Khan sworn on the 6th of December 2002 states that she is the victim in the case, and that she had informed the learned Magistrate that she had reconciled with the Applicant (her husband).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The affidavit further states that she is 6 m
onths pregnant, that the Applicant is the sole bread winner in her family and that she is suffering from mental fatigue as a result of his absence.
\par 
\par Because the affidavit material was uninformative about the facts of the case, I called for the court record.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
The contents show that the Applicant pleaded guilty to the charge on first call.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
The facts of the case were that the victim had gone to the shop with her sister-in-law to buy bread.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 She met her husband there.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He told her to pack her clothes and go home.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 She was packing her clothes when he kicked the bedroom door, damaging it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
He came inside the bedroom and punched her on the face.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 She escaped and went into the kitchen.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He followed and poured kerosene on her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He was about to set fire to her body when the victim\rquote s sister-in-law saved her.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The Applicant then pushed the victim down.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 She fell.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He then dragged her through the kitchen and kicked her around the hips.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 She then changed her clothes and reported the matter at the Valelevu Police Station.
\par 
\par She was examined by a doctor, who found bruises around the upper arm and hip area as well as redness around the abdomen.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
The victim also complained of body pain.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 She was then 3 months pregnant.
\par 
\par These facts were admitted by the Applicant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The learned Magistrate then heard mitigation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The Applicant is 20 years old, is married and is employed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
He has reconciled with the victim.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
The learned Magistrate adjourned to 19th December 2002 for sentencing and remanded the Applicant in custody pending sentence.
\par 
\par Counsel for the Applicant concedes that this was a serious case of assault but said that the parties had reconciled and that the case was not as serious as an assault on a stranger.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He further said that the 2 week adjournment for sentence, and the order for remand in custody, was tantamount to a pre-sentence sentence.
\par 
\par Counsel for the State said that under section 163 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the Magistrate had a discretion to promote reconciliation and that because this was a case of aggravated assault, reconciliation was not indicated.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
He conceded that it was unusual to adjourn for 14 days for sentence on a charge of assault occasioning actual bodily harm, but said that as far as sentence was concerned, the case should be treated in the same way as assaults on members of the community.

\par 
\par This is a bail application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The main principle, pending trial, is the likelihood of the accused appearing for trial.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 In this case the accused pleaded guilty and admitted facts which could in the normal course of events, lead to a custodial sentence.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
If this was the reason for remanding him pending sentence, then the decision would be unexceptionable if sentence were delivered shortly after conviction.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 I cannot accept counsel\rquote s submission that domestic violence is in a differ
ent, less serious category, to other types of assault, or that reconciliation between husband and wife would invariably lead to a non-custodial sentence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 To accept these submissions, would be to accept that men are given some inherent right to beat their w
ives, and that all will be forgiven and forgotten if the victim has reconciled with her abuser.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
There is no legal basis for such a proposition.
\par 
\par A husband who beats his wife must accept the same punishment that he would get if he assaulted any member of society.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
Further, whilst reconciliation is always relevant for the purpose of sentencing, judges and magistrates must always be aware of the considerable financial, social and emotional pressure on a woman to reconcile with her husband despite the violence.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 In these circumstances, it is the court\rquote 
s duty to deliver a sentence which fits the crime and the offender, after taking into account not only the reconciliation, but also the way in which reconciliation has been achieved, as a matter of social reality.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
Whilst such reality is a factor to be considered and weighed, it does not remove the responsibility of the court to punish for what is often a very serious act of violence towards the powerless and vulnerable.
\par 
\par It is for this reason, that the power to promote reconciliation is a discretionary matter under section 163 of the Criminal Procedure Code.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
The discretion must be exercised having considered the circumstances of the case, and in particular, the seriousness of the assault.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
If the proceedings have not been stayed or terminated, reconciliation (and the nature of it) is a matter which may be taken into account for the purpose of sentence.
\par 
\par In this case, the learned Magistrate clearly considered the assault to be of an aggravated type and therefore did not stay or terminate proceedings.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He acted within his discretion in making this decision.
\par 
\par As for the order for remand, it is not wrong in principle to remand a person in custody pending sentence when a custodial sentence is contemplated, and the remand is for the short period before sentence is delivered.
\par 
\par As I have said, a custodial sentence, on the facts of this case may be contemplated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 However, I 
consider a remand period of 14 days pending sentence to be unjustified in this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The State did not request such remand.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 It was not suggested that the Applicant would abscond.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 He has a fixed address and is employed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The learned Magistrate gave no reason
 for adjourning for so long for sentence, and there was no opportunity for the Applicant to ask for bail, or for the prosecution to oppose it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The order for remand is therefore wrong in principle.
\par 
\par This case highlights the pitfalls in adjourning for an unduly long period for sentence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
Sentences should normally be delivered on the same day as conviction is entered, or if the court requires better information for sentencing such as social welfare reports, no longer than a few days.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Further, any order for remand in custody must be made after both prosecution and defence has been given an opportunity to request remand or ask for bail.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 A reasoned decision must then be made, so that the accused knows why he/she is remanded in custody.
\par 
\par In this case, no apparent reason exists for the remand in custody.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3294731  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 The Applicant has the right to bail in the circumstances.
\par 
\par I therefore order that he be bailed on his own recognizance of $100, to appear in court before the learned Magistrate on the 19th of December 2002 for sentence.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 Nazhat Shameem
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 JUDGE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3294731 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1136558\charrsid3294731 
\par At Suva
\par 10th December 2002
\par }}