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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 AT SUVA
\par MISCELLANEOUS JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 MISCELLANEOUS CASE NO: HAM 47 OF 2002S
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Between:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313\charrsid10966313 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 KESTER YEE & OTHERS
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Applicant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 THE STATE
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par Hearing:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313\charrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 3rd December 2002
\par Ruling:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313\charrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 9th December 2002
\par 
\par Counsel:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313\charrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Mr N. Vere for Applicant
\par Ms A. Prasad for State
\par 
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\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313 I}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 NG}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
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\par This is an application for leave to appeal out of time from a decision of the Suva Magistrates Court to accept the re-filing of charges after the discharge of the accused under section 198 of the Criminal Procedure Code.
\par 
\par The Applicant, was charged with the following offences on the 17th of November 1999.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx270\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 FIRST COUNT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx270\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx270\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Statement of Offence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx270\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li1350\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1350\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 OPERATING A COMMON GAMING HOUSE}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 : Contrary to Section 4(1) of the Game Act, Cap. 273.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 KESTER YEE s/o Yee Quan, on the 14th day of August, 1999 at
 Suva in the Central Division, being the occupier of a Social Club at Metropole Building, used the same premises as a common gaming house.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
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\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Statement of Offence
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 : Contrary to Section 6(1)(a) of the Gaming Act Cap. 273.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Particulars of Offence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1350\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5717174 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
CHUNG WAH SONG, KIMBLEY CHUNG, NANG YEE FOO, TOM HOI YUEN, YEE HOO and HUAN ZHAN HUA, on the 14th day of August 1999 at Suva in the Central Division, were found playing Majong Games in a common gaming house.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par At some time (not disclosed by the motion and affidavit of Kester Yee) the accused was discharged.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
On the 24th of October 2001, the DPP filed fresh charges, apparently identical to the original charges.
\par 
\par The Applicant, in a Petition of Appeal annexed to th
e affidavit of Kester Yee, states that the re-filing of the charges was an abuse of the process and contrary to section 202(7) of the Criminal Procedure Code (Amendment) Act No. 37 of 1998 in that the case has now continued for more than 12 months since t
he filing of the original charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
The Petition further states that a trial would be in breach of the constitutional right to a fair trial within a reasonable time.
\par 
\par It is unfortunate that the affidavit filed is silent on what actually occurred in court after the re-filing of charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
When counsel make applications for enlargement of time, they must ensure that the affidavit material discloses all matters relevant to the application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 What I am told from the bar table by both counsel, is that counsel for the 
Applicant made submissions to the learned Magistrate that fresh charges should not be accepted because of the delay in the matter, and because the Applicant had, in effect been acquitted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 On the day designated for argument, counsel for the Applicant failed to appear.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 State counsel submitted that the re-filing of charges was lawful and proper after the decision of this court in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
Ministry of Labour -v- Merchant Bank}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 \~Crim. App. HAA 11 of 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
The learned Magistrate accepted the State\rquote s submissions, after reading the judgment, and ruled that the trial proceed, on the basis of the re-filed charges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Neither counsel was able to tell me whether a written ruling had been recorded.
\par 
\par The Applicant filed a petition of appeal on the 24th of June 2002 in the High Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 H
e was (excluding the legal vacation) five months out of time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
On being advised by me that he would need to make an application to enlarge time, he then filed this notice of motion on the 26th of November 2002.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 He is now 11 months out of time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
The trial has been adjourned, awaiting determination of this application.
\par 
\par Relevant factors for applications to enlarge time are that counsel was not present at the hearing in the Magistrate\rquote s Court and needed time to prepare the petition, a difficult ques
tion of law is involved, the sanction of the DPP was needed, or that counsel was unable to get the court record, or the ruling appealed from despite applying for it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 I would add to these factors, an unrepresented appellant who is not aware of how to file appeals, and an appeal with obvious merit.
\par 
\par In this case, no reason was given for the late filing of the appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
However at the hearing of this application, counsel said that the delay was caused by the learned Magistrate\rquote s failure to provide a written ruling.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 There is no evidence before me that a request had been made for it, either verbally or in writing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Further, if I am to accept what I was told from the bar table, counsel for the Applicant did not appear at the time designated for submissions on whether the charges could be re-filed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
Finally, no proper reason has been given to me for the delay in applying for enlargement of time when the Applicant already knew on the 24th of June 2002, that the appeal petition was out of time.
\par 
\par On the question of the appeal proper, this is clearly an interlocutory appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
Although such an appeal is permitted in principle, by statutory amendment to section 308 of the Criminal Procedure Code, it is important to remember that an interlocutory appeal can have the effect of causing delay in, and fragmenting, a criminal trial.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 For that reason, any such appeals should be promptly filed, and just as promptly heard.
\par 
\par As to merits, I am not satisfied that the appeal has any merit at all.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 The question of autrefois acquit was dealt by me in the }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Ministry of Labour -v- Merchant Bank}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
 (supra) where I held that a dismissal of a charge under section 198 of the Criminal Procedure Code was a discharge following which fresh proceedings could be brought.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Further, I said in that judgment that a plea of \'93autrefois acquit\'94
, must be considered in the light of all the circumstances of the first hearing, including the question of whether the accused had ever been in peril of a conviction, and whether there had been a trial on the merits of the case.
\par 
\par As to the issue of delay, it is my understanding that this submission was never made to the learned trial Magistrate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
I consider that this issue ought first to be canvassed in the court in which the proceedings are currently being conducted.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 If that court r
ules against the accused, and proceeds to conviction, the Applicant can appeal against the result, citing delay as a ground of appeal against conviction.
\par 
\par In all the circumstances, taking into account the delay in filing this application, and the merits of the appeal I consider that the Applicant has not shown good cause for enlarging time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 This application is refused.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10966313  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 The trial should proceed forthwith.
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 Nazhat Shameem
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 JUDGE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10966313 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2322596\charrsid10966313 
\par At Suva
\par 9th December 2002
\par }}