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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LABASA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 CIVIL APPEAL NO. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595\charrsid16005595 HBA000}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 1 OF 2002
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Between:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 SAKEO TUIWAINIKAI
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Appellant/
\par Original Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 and
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 JAGINDAR SINGH
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 s/o Malkit Singh
\par Respondent/
\par Original Plaintiff
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par Mr. A. Kohli for the Appellant
\par Mr. A. Sen for the Respondent
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par This is an appeal by the appellant against the judgment given by Resident Magistrate Mr. E. Rokoika at the Labasa Magistrate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 s Court on 29 November 2000.
\par 
\par The grounds of appeal are that:
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16005595 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 the learned trial magistrate erred in law and in fact in failing to evaluate the evidence adduced in Court;
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 the decision cannot be supported having regard to the evidence adduced in Court; and
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\par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16005595 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 the learned Magistrate failed to give reasons for his decision.
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par In this action it was the respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
s/original plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
s claim against the 
\par appellant/original defendant for the sum of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 $10,830.70}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
 being the amount due and owing by the appellant in respect of bulldozing work done by the respondent on the appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 s land at his request from 20 June 1993 to 1 December 1993 with interest thereon at the rate of 13% per annum.
\par 
\par In his Statement of Defence the appellant denied being indebted to the respondent in the sum claimed or at all.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
He further stated that the agreed price to carry out bulldozing works was $6,600 which he paid, namely, first, by payment of $5,000 through Fiji Development Bank and secondly, by payment of $1,600.00 himself.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Thus he said that the Re}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595 spondent has been paid in full.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Background facts}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par 
\par Very briefly, it is the respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
s claim that, as agreed he did bulldozing work for the appellant on 15 acres of land at $400 per acre which amounted to $6600.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
An invoice was given for this work.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 The Fiji Development Bank paid $5000.00 towards the account.
\par 
\par The respondent was requested to do a further bulldozing work on 19 acres on the same date for which the appellant was responsible to pay.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
The additional work was done but not paid for by the appellant.
\par 
\par The claim is for the said balance sum of $1600 in the first contract and $7200 for 19 acres (19 x 400 = }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 $7200}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 ).}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 He also claims interest, and the total claim comes to, as in the claim, $10,830.70 (1600 + 7200 + 2030.30 interest).
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Appellant}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 s evidence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par 
\par The appellant says that he paid the said balance sum of $1600 the same day as he was issued with the invoice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
He denied asking the respondent to do any additional work and therefore he does not owe him any money.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
He further said that he does not know }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
this man, but the bank appointed him to work for me}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 In cross}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595  examination he said that he did not ask for a receipt for the payment of $1600.00 nor did he give him one.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Consideration of the issue
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 In short there are two grounds of appeal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Firstly}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 , the evidence has not been properly evaluated by the learned Magistrate; and }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 secondly}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595  that without }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 reasons}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f40\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595  being given the judgment is defective in form and not in accordance with what is required of a Ma}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595 gistrate in writing a judgment.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par 
\par Having perused the Record and having heard both counsel I find that the grounds of appeal are devoid of merits.
\par 
\par This was a straight out case of who to believe.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 It is a case of credibility of witnesses.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595 
 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 The Magistrate had the opportunity to observe the demeanour of the parties when they appeared before him which the appellate Court does not have.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 It was all a question of fact and the Magistrate found in favour of the plaintiff/respondent and gave judgment for him as claimed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
As far as the first contract is claimed there is no dispute that work was done; the only dispute is about the balance of $1600 which the appellant says he paid but no receipt was either issued or asked for by the respondent.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 The other dispute is about the additional work.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 The respondent says it was done but the appellant says it was not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
and therefore the latter says he does not owe him any money.
\par 
\par The Magistrate made findings of fact with which the appellate Court will rarely interfere with unless of course, inter alia, the findings are completely against the weight of evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 That definitely is not the case here.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 He has properly evaluated the e
vidence and has made certain findings of fact with which this Court agrees.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 I do not find fault with his fact finding.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 However, I do not agree with the award of interest which according to my calculation comes to $2030.30 which is included in the claim.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 There was no agreement for payment of interest in this contract.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Hence it cannot be allowed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
This amount will therefore have to be disallowed and the judgment is therefore ordered to be reduced by that sum accordingly.
\par 
\par Apart from the variation of the judgment by $2030.30 the appeal is therefore dismissed with costs against the appellant in the sum of $250.00.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 D. Pathik
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 Judge}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16005595 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16005595\charrsid16005595 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 At Labasa
\par 27 August 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2782921\charrsid16005595 
\par }}