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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par CIVIL JURISDICTION
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 CIVIL ACTION NO. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 HBC0}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 563 OF 1991
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Between:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 VISESIO MUA
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 ATTORNEY}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 -}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 GENERAL OF FIJI
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Mr. T. Fa for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. E. Tuiloma for the Defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 DECISION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 This is the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s application by summons dated 27 June 2001 to dismiss the plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s action for }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 want of prosecution}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
An Affidavit in Support for the defendant by Ajay Singh, an Executive Officer and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 an Affidavit in Reply in opposition have been filed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Background}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par 
\par On 16 May 1988, the plaintiff, a Rotuman citizen and seven other Rotumans were jointly charged with the offence of sedition in light of events that occurred in Rotuma after the Military Coup in Fiji in 1987.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The plaintiff was involved in the activities of the M
ulmahau Clan, a political group led by His Royal Highness Gagaj San Lagfatmaro that worked towards an independent Rotuma from Fiji.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
The plaintiff was charged with sedition, refused bail and remanded in custody in Korovou Prison, Suva.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 On 19 June 1988, the 
plaintiff was released on bail but was unable to return to Rotuma immediately having no financial means of doing so nor was there any arrangement made by the Fiji Government for his immediate transportation back to Rotuma.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 After several hearings, the plaintiff was finally convicted on 27 October 1989 by the Chief Magistrate at Ahau, Rotuma and fined $30.00.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The plaintiff and the other Rotumans appealed their conviction and on 4 June 1991, Scott J set aside the plaintiff}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s conviction and ordered a refund of 
the fine.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
The plaintiff claims that the prosecution for the offence he was charged with was malicious and made without reasonable or probable cause.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Facts}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par 
\par The Writ of Summons together with Statement of Claim was filed by the plaintiff on 29 November 1991.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
The defendant acknowledged service of writ on 2 December 1991.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 He filed his Statement of Defence on 24 July 1992.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Four years later, on 20 August 1996 the court ordered that the plaintiff file a Notice of Intention to Proceed or the case will be struck ou
t.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 On 3 September 1996 the plaintiff filed his Notice of Intention to Proceed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 No progress was made until five years later when the plaintiff filed another Notice of Intention to Proceed on 7 May 2001.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 On 27 June 2001 the defendant filed an affidavit in support of the present application to dismiss action for want of prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The plaintiff was given leave to file an affidavit in reply which he filed on 13 September 2001.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 On 19 November 2001 the court ordered that written submission be made by the applicant in 14 days and the respondent to respond 14 days thereafter.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The defence submission was filed on the 4 December 2001 but the plaintiff failed to file his. 
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The Defendant}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s Contention}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par 
\par The learned counsel for the defendant stated in his submission that there are three major grounds in his application for the dismissal of action for want of prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Firstly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 , that there has been a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 prolonged delay}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  since the initiation of proceedings in 1991.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
There has so far been no initiative by the plaintiff to set the matter down for trial. }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Secondly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 , that the delay was both 
}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 inordinate and inexcusable}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 , there being no disclosure of a reasonable cause for the delay.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Thirdly}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
, that the delay would result in a substantial risk of not having a }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 fair trial}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  which would be }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 prejudicial}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  to the defendant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The defendant justified this by stating that the witnesses}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  memory and recollection of facts would be affected by the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  long delay to the proceedings.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The Plaintiff}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s Contention
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 In his affidavit in reply, the plaintiff admitted the defendant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
s contention that he had failed to take the necessary steps required by the High Court Rules and had also failed to adhere to the limitation period to set the matter down for trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 As a result, a trial date is still not fixed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 However, the pla
intiff says that he has not abandoned his intention to continue with the action.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
The plaintiff contends that the delay was largely attributed to the fact that opportunity to communicate with his solicitor is only when he is in Suva.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The plaintiff lives in Rotuma.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
There is also the financial difficulties and he finds it difficult to pay his solicitor}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s fees and filing fees.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 He has however decided to appoint an attorney with powers to act on his behalf in his absence.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The issue}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par 
\par The issue for the Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s de
termination is whether in the circumstances of this case the Court ought to dismiss the action for want of prosecution.
\par 
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Consideration of the application}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par 
\par Under}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  Or.34, r.1}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 High Court Rules 1988}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 , the plaintiff must set the action down for trial within a period set by the court otherwise the defendant may apply to the court to have the action dismissed for want of prosecution.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 It is apparent from the submission made by the defendant and the admission of the plaintiff, that he had not complied with this Rule.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The facts also show that the plaintiff has not taken out a summons for direction which is required by }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Or.25}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  of the High Court Rules.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Under }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Or.25, r.1(4)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 ,}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 upon failure to take out a Summons for Direction the defendant may apply for an order to dismiss the action.
\par 
\par The delays disclosed by the facts and non}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
progression of the case seem to indicate that the proceedings are unlikely to conclude sooner even when it has dragged on for 10 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
It is clear that the plaintiff has not complied with the High Court Rules because he has failed to prosecute the action diligently since it was initiated.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The history of the case reveals that the plaintiff is not interested in pursuing his case, and despite stating that he has now appointed a }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 power of attorney}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  no s
teps appear to have been taken by this so}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 called donee under the alleged }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 power of attorney}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst 
SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 .}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
I am not satisfied with the so called proposal to proceed without any definite action on his part.
\par 
\par I have considered this application in the light of the principles governing the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 dismissal of an action for want of prosecution}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 .
\par 
\par In }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Grovit v Doctor and Others}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  (1997 1 WLR 640 at 641 H.L) it was }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 held}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  in a situation such as the present
\par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 that for a plaintiff to commence and to continue litigation which he had no inten
tion to bring to a conclusion could amount to an abuse of process; and that, accordingly, once the court was satisfied that the reason for the delay was one which involved an abuse of process in maintaining proceedings when there was no intention of carry
ing the case to trial it was entitled to dismiss the action.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 In the leading }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 House of Lords}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
 decision on the principles governing dismissal for want of prosecution, namely }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Birkett v James}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  [1978] AC 297 at 318, }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Lord Diplock}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  declared:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The power should be exe
rcised only where the court is satisfied either (1) that the default has been intentional and contumelious, e.g. disobedience to a peremptory order of the court or conduct amounting to an abuse of the process of the court; or (2)(a) that there has been in
o
rdinate and inexcusable delay on the part of the plaintiff or his lawyers, and (b) that such delay will give rise to a substantial risk that it is not possible to have a fair trial of the issues in the action or is such as is likely to cause or to have ca
used serious prejudice to the defendants either as between themselves and the plaintiff or between each other or between them and a third party.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The following statement of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Lord Parker}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  in }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Culbert v Stephen Westwell Co. Ltd}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  (1994) PIQR }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 55 on }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 contumelious conduct}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
 is worth noting as it fits in well with the facts of this case:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 There is however in my view another aspect of this matter.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 An action may also be struck out for contumelious conduct, or abuse of the process of the Court or because a fair trial in a
ction is no longer possible.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
Conduct is in the ordinary way only regarded as contumelious where there is a deliberate failure to comply with a specific order of the court.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 In my view however a series of separate inordinate and inexcusable delays in complet
e disregard of the Rules of the Court and with full awareness of the consequences can also properly be regarded as contumelious conduct or, if not that, to an abuse of the process of the court.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Both this and the question of fair trial are matters in which the court itself is concerned and do not depend on the defendant raising the question of prejudice.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
In my judgment the way in which the action has been conducted does amount to an abuse of the process of the court and it would be a further abuse of process if the action were allowed to proceed.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 In my judgment also, a fair trial is no longer possible.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 In this case, although there has been inordinate and inexcusable delay, this alone, to use the words of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
Lord Justice Nourse}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  in}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  Choraria (Girdharimal) v Sethia (Nirmal Kumar)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  Supreme Court of Judicature Case No. 96/1704/B C.A. 15.1.98,
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
however great, does not amount to an abuse of process, delay which involves complete, total or wholesale disregard, put it how you will, of the rules of the court with full awar
eness of the consequences is capable of amounting to such an abuse, so that, if it is fair to do so, the action will be struck out or dismissed on that ground.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 It has been further stated by }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Nourse J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 :}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 That is the principle on which the court must now act.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }
{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Whether it is identified as being comprehended within the first limb of }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Birkett v James}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  or as one having an independent existence appears to be a point of no importance.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 I have already said that it is clear that the relevant ground of decision in }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Culbert}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  was based on the first limb of }{\b\i\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Birkett v. James}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 .}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
In other words, it was there effectively held that the plaintiff}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s conduct had been intentional and contumelious.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
In my view that conclusion was well justified on the facts of the case, which demonstrated not only}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 the plaintiff}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
s complete disregard of the rules but also his full awareness of the consequences.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
He had, at the least, been reckless as to the consequences of his conduct and, on general principles, that was enough to establish that the defaults had been intentional and contumelious.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692\charrsid15682692 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 I should also mention the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 prejudicial}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  effect of delay in considering this application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 This is what }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Neil L.J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Slade v Adco Ltd}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  (1995) Times 7 December 1979 said, which is pertinent and I have borne it in mind in coming to the conclusion to which I have come:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The prejudicial effect of delay on a defendant and the effect of delay on the possibility of a fair trial will depend in large measure on the nature of the issues in the case.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 In some cases much of the evidence
 will be in documentary evidence or there will be in existence statements made soon after the relevant facts which will enable witnesses to refresh their memories. In other cases ...................................... the crucial evidence may be largely o
ral and any statements made shortly after the}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 event may be imprecise or incomplete.}{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 It follows therefore that each case is likely to depend on its own facts.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The onus of proving prejudice or the impossibility of a fair trial rests on the person who asserts it .....}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par I now turn to the facts of this case which has already been set out in considerable detail hereabove.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
It is clear and the plaintiff does not deny that there were periods of inordinate delay and breaches of the Rules of the High Court.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
The plaintiff cannot on the chronology of events be allowed to continue with this}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
litigation particularly when he escaped striking out on previous occasions.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
He acted in complete defiance of his obligations under the rules and orders of the court.
\par 
\par Chronology is a significant element in this case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 The principles in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
Birkett}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 (supra) were applied by a two}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 judge English Court of Appeal (}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Purchas L.J}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  and }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Sir R Cumming}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 -}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Bruce}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 ) in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 James Investments (IOM) Ltd and Anor v. Phillips Cutler Phillips Traz (a Firm)}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 , The Times, 16.9.87 where it was held that it was not enough to have regard to the extent of delay beyond a certain point of time in the course of the proceedings, but the }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 overall delay}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 , or overall lapse of time had to be considered so far as it had an impact upon their c
onduct of the trial or so far as it served to prejudice the defendants.
\par 
\par Applying the principles laid down in the authorities referred to hereabove I find that the plaintiff}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s conduct did amount to an abuse of the process, it was intentional and contumelious within the first limb of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
Birkett v James}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692  (supra).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
There is no doubt that there have been inordinate and inexcusable delays in prosecuting this action with diligence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
This delay of some ten years so far as it affected the recollection of witnesses was significant and could not be overlooked, as it might materially impair their testimony.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Hence in the exercise of the Court}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f169\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 s discretion on this aspect I find that the defendant has shown that all the delays in this case were likely to cause serious prejudice
 giving rise to a substantial risk that it will not be possible to have have a fair trial of the issues in this action.
\par 
\par For these reasons, I would allow the application and dismiss the action for want of prosecution.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 I make no order as to costs.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15682692 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 D. Pathik
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 Judge}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15682692 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 At Suva
\par 16 August 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3636048\charrsid15682692 
\par }}