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\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 SAMUELA TAOI \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid13848359 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Ms A. Neelta for Appellant \par No Appearance for Respondent \par \par Hearing: 2nd August 2002 \par Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 6th August 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid13848359 JUDGMENT}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On 14}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 August 2001, the Respondent was charged with the offence of driving an unregistered vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The charge read as follows: \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Statement of Offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 DRIVING UNREGISTERED MOTOR VEHICLE}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 : Contrary to Section 49(3) and 114 of the Land Transport Act 1998. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Particulars of Offence}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 SAMUELA TAOI, on the 14}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 day of August 2001, at Suva in the Central Division drove a vehicle on Brown Street when the said vehicle was not duly registered and had its motor vehicle licence expired on 09.01.99.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par The case was called in the Suva Magistrates}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Court on the 18}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 of October 2001.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The Respondent did not appear and the matter was adjourned to 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 December 2001.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The Respondent pleaded guilty and agreed to the facts.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The Traffic Infringement Notice, tendered to the court, and the affidavit of the booking officer, also tendered showed that on the 14}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 of August 2001, at 7.58pm at Brown Street, the Respondent drove a vehicle (Registration number CF148) in respect of which the motor vehicle licence had expired. \par \par The Respondent was a first offender and said he was able to pay a fine.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The case was adjourned to 6}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 December 2001 for mitigation and sentencing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On the 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 of December 2001 a plea in mitigation was tendered in writing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 It is not included in the certified court record, but the court file contains handwritten representations which read as follows: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 This car CF148 was left in the garage in Vatuwaqa for about 2 years by the first owner before I bought it this year. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 I get all the details of t his car from the LTA office and what I have to pay in it I pay them $10.00 for suspension of owner and also to proceed on repairs and body work without paying the arrears till I bringing in for fitness. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On this late afternoon when I drive the car back after repairing when I was going home.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The LTA check team stops me and tow my car to Valelevu. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 I can}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 t release my car whereas I have to pay all the fees that they require i.e}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12662296 .}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 :}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-5760\li7200\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Seizure or impound vehicle\tab \tab $70.00 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}Unregistered vehicle per trip\tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid12662296 }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 6.50 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \s16\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12662296 { \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Miscellaneous or arrears of w/tax \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-3600\li7200\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12662296 2 years\tab \tab }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 83.58 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-5760\li7200\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Replace of no: plates\tab \tab \tab 16.00 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}Remove or suspension by owner\tab 29.00 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}\pard \s16\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls1\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid12662296 { \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Towing fees to be paid to \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-3600\li7200\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12662296\charrsid12662296 W/wreckers\tab \tab }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 60.00 \par }\pard \ql \fi5812\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 _______ \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard \ql \fi-2880\li7200\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12662296\charrsid12662296 Total\tab \tab }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 $256.08 \par }\pard \ql \fi5812\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 _______ \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \fi709\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 And to pay for the fitness and wheel tax for this year }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid12662296 -}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard \ql \fi-5760\li7200\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin7200\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Wheel Tax\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab 63.50 \par Fitness\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab 27.00 \par Transfer fees\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab 13.50 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 I hope I already given enough money to the LTA about my car rather than to pay another $200 or $500 on this penalty.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The case was then adjourned to 11}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 December 2001 for sentencing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On 11}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 December it was adjourned again.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 No reason is given for the adjournment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On 24}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 December 2001, the court noted: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 1.\tab Accused paid $50 cash }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 part payment of fine. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls2\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13848359 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Adjourned 30.1.02 mention to get balance.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On 30}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 January 2002, the court record reads: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \fi1440\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 1.\tab Accused paid $50 cash to Court. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls3\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid13848359 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Adjourned 28.2.02 for Mention. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}Bail extended.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par On 28}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 February 2002 the Respondent was convicted as charged, fined $200 (which had already been paid) and the application for prosecution cost was denied.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The application itself is not recorded, nor the grounds for it, nor are reasons given for the refusal of the application.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The Appellant appeals against the refusal to order costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The grounds of appeal read as follows: \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 (a)\tab That the learned magistrate erred in law and fact failing to act judicially in the exercise of his discretion to decline the award of said cost or expenses: }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Suva City Council and Ravin Chand s/o Pramesh Chand}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Criminal Appeal No. 0020 of 1997 (H.C.) }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Suva City Council and Savita Nand Lal d/o Prabhu Lal}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Criminal Appeal 0021 of 1997 (H.C.F.) and }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Sharp v Wakefield and Others}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 (1891) A.C. 173. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-709\li1418\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls4\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 That appellant is a body corporate under Land Transport Act and has to pay court fees to institute proceedings, which is in the sum of $33.00. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \s16\ql \fi-709\li1418\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\ls4\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid12662296 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 That the appellant says that they are entitled to recover their cost of the actions.}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Costs}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Section 158 of the Criminal Procedure Code provides: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 It shall be lawful for ... any magistrate to order any person convicted before him of an offence ... to pay to a ... private prosec utor such reasonable costs as to such ... magistrate may seem fit, in addition to any other penalty imposed.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt \f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par As counsel for the Land Transport Authority submitted, prosecutors appearing for the Authority are private prosecutors, public prosecutors being persons appointed under section 73 of the Code, the Attorney}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 General, the Director of Public Prosecutions, State counsel, any police officer and any person acting under the directions of the Attorney}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 General.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Under the Magistrate Court (Amendment) Rules 19 94, the cost incurred in filing a private prosecution including the filing of the complaint, the drawing up of a formal charge and the issuing of summons to the accused, is $33.00. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Counsel submitted at the hearing of this appeal that the learned Magistrat e erred in failing to consider the questions of costs judicially, and that he ought to have ordered costs to be paid to the prosecutor because the Land Transport Authority incurred costs in prosecuting traffic offenders.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 She referred to the decisions of Fatiaki J in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Suva City Council }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 v}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Ravin Chand}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Crim. App. No. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12662296 HAA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 0020 of 1997, and }{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Suva City Council }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 v}{ \b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Savita Nand Lal}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Crim. App. No. }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12662296 HAA}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 0021 of 1997. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 These authorities were obviously given to the learned Magistrate because they are both included in the court record. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 In both cases, the Suva City Council had brought proceedings against the respondents under the Public Health Act, Cap. 111.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The offences were formally proved, and the respondents were ordered to pay $10 fine each and $10 costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The Council ap pealed on the ground that the Magistrate ought to have ordered the full costs of prosecution ($33.00).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The appeal succeeded, Fatiaki J saying at page 5: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 In my considered opinion, given the ... minimum fees payable in the Magistrate Court for the institution of a criminal prosecution, there is no justification at all for the trial magistrate }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 s observation that the amount of costs sought by the prosecutor was excessive.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359\charrsid12662296 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The discretion given to the court under section 158 of the Criminal Procedure Code must be exercised judicially.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 A good place to start in considering whether or not to order costs, is to calculate the costs incurred by the private prosecutor in bringing the prosecution.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Another consideration is the law enforcement role of the private prosecutor.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Private prosecutors from bodies such as town and city councils, or the Land Transport Authority exercise important roles of enforcing statutory offences which are in the public interest to enforce.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Ordinarily, the costs incurred by such bodies, in prosecuting, ought to be ordered to be paid by the accused unless there are particular circumstances which justify non}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 payment of costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 One such relevant consideration might be the conduct of the accused or the Authority during and before the hearing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The r elevant factors in relation to a costs order are not exhaustive. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 In this case, the record shows that the application for costs was not considered judicially.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 No reasons were given for the refusal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Nor were the grounds for the application recorded.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 For thi s reason the order that costs should not be paid is quashed. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par As to whether I should now substitute a costs order, I take into account the costs the Respondent said he incurred as a result of the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 booking}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 of his vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 He said in the Magistrates Court that excluding the costs of registration, he had incurred a cost of $256.08 in respect of towing fees and release of the impounded vehicle.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 However I see that the sum of $256.08 included the cost of wheel tax arrears for two years, and the replacing of number plates.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 These sums of money would have been payable by the Respondent anyway.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The additional costs of paying for the towing of the vehicle are not extraordinary costs.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 All vehicle owners whose vehicles are towed away normally pay the costs of such towing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 I do not accept that the expense already incurred by the Respondent, justify a refusal to order the costs of prosecution. \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 In the circumstances I consider that costs of $33.00 ought to be considered and I so order.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 The Respondent must pay the Appellant $33.00 within 7 days or serve 5 days imprisonment in default. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 On reading the court record, I note that the case was adjourned on several occasions to give the accused time to pay the fine }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 before}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 sentence was imposed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 This is irregular.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Firstly, a fine is a sentence and must be imposed giving a time limit for payment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 It is quite wrong in law to ask the accused to pay the fine before sentence is delivered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Secondly, the court is not a debt}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 collecting agency, and cases should not be adjourned to give the accused time to pay compensation or fines before sentence is delivered.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 If compensation is ordered, the sentence must specifically include such order.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 If the court is not sure that the fine will be paid, it can order payment in instalments in accordance with any finding as to means and may fix a term of imprisonment in default of payment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 Despite this irregularity, the fine of $200 in respect of the offence was right in principle. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 In summary this appeal is allowed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13848359 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12662296 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid12662296 Nazhat Shameem \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 JUDGE}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13848359 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 At Suva \par 6}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5906534\charrsid13848359 August 2002 \par }}