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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT SUVA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696\charrsid3497696 
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\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 57 OF 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696\charrsid3497696 
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 KRISHAN GOUNDER
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s/o Ramana
\par Appellant
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696\charrsid3497696 
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Mr J.K. Maharaj for Appellant
\par Mr D.G. Toganivalu for Respondent
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 Hearing: }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 19th July 2002
\par Judgment:}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 26th July 2002}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 
\par 
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\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 On 15}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
 May 2002, the Appellant was convicted of Careless Driving and fined $7.00 on his plea of guilty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The charge read as follows:
\par 
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 CARELESS DRIVING}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 :}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  Contrary to Section 99[1] and 114 of Land Transport Act 35 of 1998.
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Particulars of Offence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 KRISHAN GOUNDER s/o RAMANA, on the 29}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  day of November, 2000 at Navua in the Central Division, drove a private motor vehicle registration number CL 441 on Queens Road at Lobau without due care and attention.
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\par The Appellant now appeals against his conviction on the following grounds:
\par 
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The petitioner was and is a deaf person, aged 76 years, and could not fully hear the court clerk}{
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 He was asked to plead guilty whilst he did not fully appre
ciate the consequences of such a plea particularly its effect on the petitioner}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s alleged civil liabilities to other parties.
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The petitioner says that his car was bumped from the rear by the complainant}{
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s bus and if he had been given an opportunity to explain the circumstances of the accident, it would have been apparent that the fault was not his.
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The plea of guilty should be set aside.
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\par The case was first called in the Navua Magistrate}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s Court on 4}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  July 2001.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The Appellant pleaded not guilty.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 On 29}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  August the matter was adjourned to 7}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  November 2001 for hearing.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 A new hearing date was set, for the 30}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
 of January 2002, on 7}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  November because the court had three other cases to hear.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 On 30}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  January the case did not proceed because the prosecution did not have the file.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The case was adjourned to 17}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  April 2002.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 It did not proceed on that day.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 No reason is given for the adjournment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 On 1}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 st}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  May 2002, the case again did not proceed but a mention date was fixed for 15}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  May 2002.
\par 
\par On the 15}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  of May the record reads as follows:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li709\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Charge read, explained and understood }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  yes.
\par Plea: Guilty.
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Summary of Facts}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  as per charge.
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Accused}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  Understand the fact and admit the fact.
\par First offender.
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Mitigation}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par I don}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 t drive any more.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Going blind.
\par 78 years old.
\par First offender.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par The learned Magistrate then recorded:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Plead Guilty.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 First Offender.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Very old. Fined $7.00 in default 1 day imprisonment.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Paid in court.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par At the hearing of this appeal, counsel for the Appellant submitted that the plea was equivocal because there was no representation, the Appellant was deaf and going blind, and because the facts had not been properly outlined.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 State counsel submitted that the plea was unequivocal because the Appellant had originally pleaded not guilty (which indicated that he u
nderstood the charge and pleaded guilty later willingly), had not told the court he was deaf and could not hear the proceedings, and, because his mitigation showed a full understanding of the plea.
\par 
\par In the oft}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 cited case of }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 R }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 v}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
 Michael Iro}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  (1966) 12 FLR 104, the Fiji Court of Appeal said:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
In our view there is a duty cast on the trial judge in cases where the accused person is unrepresented to exercise the greatest vigilance with the object of ensuring that before a plea of guilty is accepted the accused
 person should fully comprehend exactly what that plea of guilty involves.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 As was said by Lord Reading, CJ in }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 R }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 v}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  Golathan}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  (1915) 84 LJKB 758, at 759:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 It is a well known principle that is man is not to be taken to have admitted that he has committed an offence unless he pleads guilty in plain unambiguous and unmistakable terms}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 .}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par In order to be certain of this principle, an appellate court must consider the facts outlined by the prosecution to ensure that they disclosed all the ingredients of the offence, and did not disclose a possible defence.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
Where an unrepresented accused person agrees to facts which disclose the offence, and do not disclose a defence, the plea can be taken to be unequivocal.
\par 
\par As Gates J said in }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The State }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 v}{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  Isaia Saukova}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  Appeal No. HAA013 of 2000L:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 It is essential that a Magistrate be satisfied that an accused is admitting facts which amount to all of the legal elements that go to prove the charge in question.}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Where the Accused is represented by counsel, the Magistrate}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s task is easier.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Where the accused is unrepresented a more onerous burden is cast on the court.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 But the Magistrate should ensure that the Accused is not simply pleading guilty out of a feeling of remorse for being }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
involved}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  in a result as opposed to }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 causing}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  a result
.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 (emphasis in original).
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par I am aware that the Magistrates}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
 Courts deal with hundreds of traffic cases a day, and that there is considerable pressure to dispose of those cases to prevent the creation of a back}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 log.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 However there can be no compromise with the accuseds}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
 rights to due process of the law, no matter how long the court list might be.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 As Pathik J said roundly in }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Petero Adama }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 v}{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
 Labasa Appeal 4/02, in a case where the Magistrate recorded facts as }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 modus operandi same as file 329/02 and 330/01 ....}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt
\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 :}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 It is true that the Magistrates handle a large volume of work but it is no excuse to take }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 62 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 short cuts}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols"
 \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  so to say, which appears to be the case here.}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f 
"WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
\par In this case, the prosecution did not outline any facts at all.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The words }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
{\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 as per charge}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL
 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  tell me nothing of the facts of the case.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Was there an element of fault?}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Did the Appellant}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
s standard of driving fall below the standard expected of a prudent driver? Was there in fact careless driving? We do not know.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 
In his petition of appeal, the Appellant said his car was bumped from the rear by the complainant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s bus and }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 65 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 if he had been given an opportunity to explain the circumstances of the accident, it would have been apparent that the fault was not his.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 64 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 The record shows that the facts of the case were not outlined, and the Appellant had no opportunity to dispute them.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 An agreement to the facts as charged cannot be a substitute for the requirement under section 206 of the Criminal Procedure Code, to the accused by the court, and that the accused}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s admis
sion of the truth of the charge, be recorded.
\par 
\par For these reasons, I am not satisfied that the Appellant}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 {\field{\*\fldinst SYMBOL 61 \\f "WP TypographicSymbols" \\s 12}{\fldrslt\f36\fs24}}}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 s plea was unequivocal.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 His conviction and sentence are quashed.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 As to retrial, the offence was allegedly committed almost two years ago.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Given the nature of the charge, and the age of the Appellant, I do not consider a re}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 trial to be in the interests of justice.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 There will be no re}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 -}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 trial.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 This appeal succeeds.
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 Nazhat Shameem
\par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 JUDGE}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3497696 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3497696 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 At Suva
\par 26}{\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696 th}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9046504\charrsid3497696  July 2002
\par }}