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\sbknone\linex0\headery1440\footery1440\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid16394445\sftnbj {\footerr \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid16394445 \par }\pard \ql \li-720\ri-720\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin-720\lin-720\itap0 {\field{\*\fldinst {\insrsid16394445 FILENAME \\* upper \\p }}{\fldrslt {\insrsid16394445 D:\\Singh\\haa0020j.01b.wpd}}}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj { \insrsid16394445 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 \par }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 AT LABASA \par APPELLATE JURISDICTION \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 20 OF 2001 \par (Savusavu Mag. Ct. Cr. Case No. 47 of 2001) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Between: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 SAKIUSA NASOWIRI \par KAVIRIELI DAUCAKACAKA \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Appellants \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052\charrsid9128052 And}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 STATE \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Appellants in person \par Mr. J. Rabuku for the State}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 JUDGMENT}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10034184 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10034184\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 On 2 March 2001 both the appellants were on their own plea of guilty convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for 3 years by the Labasa Magistrate\rquote s}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Court for the offence of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 robbery with violence}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 contrary to section }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 293 (1)(a)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Penal Code}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 , Cap. 17.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 The second appellant\rquote s suspended sentence of two years was activated and made }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 concurrent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 to the current term. \par \par The Particulars of Offence state that the appellants with another: \par }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 "}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 on the 23rd}{ \i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 day of February, 2001 at Savusavu in t he Northern Division, robbed Mr. VERN LAMBERT of 1 gold necklace valued $2,000.00, a canon camera valued $1,000.00. a binoculars valued $2,000.00, a gold wrist watch valued $400.00, a walkman valued $200.00, a blue bag valued $20.00 and cash $320.00, all to the total value of $5,940.00, the properties of the said Mr VERN LAMBERT and immediately before the time of such robbery did use personal violence to the said MR VERN LAMBERT}{\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 "}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par Both have appealed against severity of sentence. \par \par The first appellant pleads for reduction of his sentence so that he can look after his farm. \par \par The second appellant says that the sentence is harsh.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 If the sentence is reduced he will be able to continue his course in automotive engineering at the Fiji Institute of Technology.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 This offence he says was committed when he was on a break at home from FIT and joined wrong group of boys. \par \par The appeals were vigorously opposed by the learned State Counsel.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 He said that the robbery was aggravated in degree where a knife was used in stabbing the}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 complainant.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 He said that both have previous convictions for property offences and the second appellant for a similar offence for which he was given a suspended sentence.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Counsel submitted that the sentences are neither harsh nor excessive.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 He asks that the appeal be dismissed. \par \par The appellants have committed a very serious offence and have used a knife in its commission.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 The complainant was stabbed with the knife while he was asleep in bed resulting in personal injuries on him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 He evidently is an investor in Fiji.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 This kind of attack on innocent people does a lot of harm to this country. \par \par The appellants deserve no sympathy at all; the sentences passed on them are quite appropriate bearing in mind that a knife was used in the commission of the offence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 The second appellant has a previous conviction for a similar offence and he received a suspended sentence of two years. \par \par The manner in which the suspended sentence in case No. 452/99 pertaining to the second appellant was activated is of some concern because the learned Magistrate did so without following the proper procedures in this regard.}{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 He was also in error in making it concurrent rather than consecutive. \par \par When a Magistrate is considering activation he should call for the previous file in which the suspended sentence was given.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 He should then put to the accused that he was convicted and given a suspended sentence and ask him to show cause why it should not be activated.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Thereafter he should decide whether to activate or not and follow the provisions of }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 section 30 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 of the }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Penal Code}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 which provides: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 30.}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 - (1) Where an offender is convicted of an offence punishable with imprisonment committed during the operational period of a suspended sentence and eith er he was convicted by or before a court having power under the provisions of section 31 to deal with him in respect of the suspended sentence or who subsequently appears or is brought before a court, then, unless the sentence has already taken effect, th at court shall consider his case and deal with him by one of the following methods:- \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\ls2\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 the court may order that the suspended sentence shall take effect with the original term unaltered; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\ls2\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 it may order that the sentence shall take effect with the substitution of a lesser term for the original term; \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\ls2\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 it may by order vary the original order made under the provisions of subsection (1) of section 29 by substituting for the period specified therein a period expiring not later than three years from the date of the variation; or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d)\tab}}\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1260\wrapdefault\faauto\ls2\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\i\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 it may make any order with respect to the suspended sentence, and a court shall make an order under paragraph (a) unless the court is of opinion that it woul d be unjust to do so in view of all the circumstances which have arisen since the suspended sentence was passed, including the facts of the subsequent, offence and, where it is of that opinion, the court shall state its reasons. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 (2)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Where a court orders that a suspended sentence shall take effect with or without any variation of the original term, the court may order that sentence shall take effect immediately or that the term thereof shall commence on the expiry of another term of imprisonment passed on the offender by that or any other court. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li810\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin810\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 (3)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 For the purposes of any written law}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 conferring rights of appeal in }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 criminal cases, any order made by a court under the provisions of subsection (1) shall be treated as a sentence passed on the offender by that court for the offence for which the }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 suspended sentenced was passed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par Further in }{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 s31(1)}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 it is provided: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 An offender shall be dealt with in respect of a suspended sentence by the Supreme Court or, where the sentence was passed by the Magistrate\rquote s court, by any magistrate\rquote s court where he appears or is brought}{ \b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 "}{\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 . \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\i\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 If a Magistrate decides under section 30(1)(a) that the suspended sentence shall take effect with the original term unaltered then that sentence has to be }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 consecutive}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 to the sentence passed on the accused for the present offence and }{ \b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 not}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 concurrent as was done in this case. \par \par This is an appropriate time that I draw the attention of Magistrates to my previous judgments on suspended sentences and their activation wherein I set out the procedure to be followed.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9128052 }{ \lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 If these considerations are noted, it might lead to fewer decisions being upset. \par \par As for the activation of suspended sentence of the second appellant I set it aside and remit the case to the learned Magistrate with the direction that the second appellant be summoned before him to show cause why the suspended sentence shoul d not be activated and then for him to deal with the matter in accordance with the law as set out in the said sections 30 and 31 of the Penal Code. \par \par The appeals are dismissed as they are devoid of any merit. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 D. Pathik \par }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 Judge}{\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9128052 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 At Labasa \par 24 May 2001}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16394445\charrsid9128052 \par }}