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\rsid6899330\rsid8733536\rsid16076044}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.4219;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author Emalus Campus}{\operator ehndvaun_d}{\creatim\yr2003\mo7\dy31\hr16\min36}{\revtim\yr2003\mo7\dy31\hr16\min36}{\version2}
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\f5\fs24\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par AT LABASA
\par APPELLATE JURISDICTION
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par CIVIL APPEAL NO. 1 OF 1993
\par 
\par Between:
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 FIJI ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Appellant
\par 
\par -}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 and}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 -
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 THE LABOUR OFFICER FOR AND ON BEHALF
\par OF EMORI MUDREACAGI
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Respondent
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par Mr. V.P. Ram for the Appellant
\par Mr. W.G. Rigamoto for the Respondent
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4253\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 JUDGMENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
The Fiji Electricity Authority (hereafter referred to as 'FEA') the Respondent in Court below, is appealing against the order made by the learned Magistrate, Labasa on 4 December 1992 refusing to set aside an order made by him on 20 May 1991.
\par 
\par In the said order of 4 December 1992 the learned Magistrate said, inter alia, as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
"The order made by this Court referred to by the respondent applicant in this application was made on 20th May 1991 extending the time of t
hree months set down in Section 16 subsection 3 of the Workmen's Compensation that for filing an application for cancellation of an agreement made under subsection 1 of the same section.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16076044 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid16076044 {\*\bkmkstart QuickMark}{\*\bkmkend QuickMark}
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 In addition to the extension of time granted as prayed for by the principal applicant a further}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
determination too was made holding that the amount of compensation of $1272.31 for 5% disability paid to Emori Mudreacagi the injured workman under the Workmen's Compensation Act was not the correct entitlement of the injured w
orkman and that the injured workman was entitled to $3816.93 which was 15% disability recommended by Lautoka Hospital and of which $1272.31 had already been paid to the injured workman thus entitling him to a further sum of $2544.62."}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par The facts, following the wording in the Appellant's submission, are as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
"On 3.3.88 an employee Emori Mudreacagi (referred to as "EM") employed by FEA sustained injuries in the course of his employment.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
He was treated at Labasa Hospital and subsequently discharged.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 T
he doctor assessed his disability at 5% permanent and according to that assessment FEA and the Labour Officer with EM agreed on compensation at $1272.31.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Payment was made by FEA under an agreement which was subsequently entered into between FEA and EM under the supervision and approval of the Ministry of Labour.}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
Apparently the problem of the injury which was not treated professionally at the Hospital but also through Fijian Medicine ...") was admitted into hospital for dislocation of my back bone and the Fi
jian medicine and the massage had helped me improved the injury on my back.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
Twice I got admitted in hospital and now I am on sick leave and at home" became worse around mid 1989 and EM complained to the Ombudsman.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 A fresh assessment was made.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 On 23.1.90 th
e new medical assessment was forwarded to the Ministry of Labour.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 This put the permanent disability at 15%.}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
On 19.4.90 a fresh demand in the sum of $2544.62 was forwarded to FEA which through its insurers denied liability and refused to pay.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 By June 1990 the Ministry knew of the refusal to accept liability.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
The Ministry made a decision to take the new assessment to Court in February 1991, and prepared the application on 20.3.91 .... swore the affidavit on 21.3.91 and eventually filed the application on 16.4.91.}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 The application then came before the Court on 10.5.91 when ....}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 (a)\tab the Labour Officer appeared for EM
\par (b)\tab No appearance was entered for FEA
\par (c)\tab the matter appears to have been heard in the first instance
\par (d)\tab the application then adjourned to 20.5.91
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
On 20.5.91 there was again no appearance by FEA and the ruling of the Learned Magistrate was delivered wherein extension of time was granted and at the same time the order was varied.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 NO ORAL EVIDENCE WAS TENDERED.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 "}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par The four Grounds of Appeal are as follows:-
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 "}{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 1}{
\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 THAT}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
 the Learned Magistrate erred in law and in fact in dismissing the Orders sought by the Appellant in its Motion dated the 22nd day of July 1992.
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 2}{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 THAT}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330  the Learned Magistrate erred in law in making}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Order that he did make on the 20th day of 
May 1991 without hearing any evidence on oath to determine the extent of permanent partial disability of Emori Mudreacagi or to assess the quantum.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 3}{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 THAT}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330  the procedure adopted by the Learned}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Magistrate on the }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330 said 20th day of May 1991 }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 was wrong in law and the Order made was irregular.
\par 
\par }{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 4}{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 THAT}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330  the Learned Magistrate erred in law and in fact in granting to the Respondent an extension of time under the Provisions of Section 16 of the Workmen's Compensation Act Cap. 94."}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par I }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330 shall deal with ground 3 first.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par 
\par After EM had accepted the said sum of $1272.31 an originating Summons was issued on 16 April 1991 and hearing date was set for 10 May 1991.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 It was in this Summons that (a) an extension of time under s.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16076044  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
16(1) and (b) other declarations including an additional compensation of $2544.62 based on 15% disability were sought.
\par 
\par The F.E.A. maintains that the judgment is irregular because (a) there was no proof of service (b) the decision is ultra vires and (c) even if the Court had power to do so no decision could be
 made without adducing evidence, to prove the allegation of facts.
\par 
\par According to Court Record prepared for this Appeal, on 10 May 1991 there was no appearance on behalf of F.E.A.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 It is recorded that: }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 "Summons had been served on the respondent on the 19th of April, 1991.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 There is no appearance for the respondent.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
Adjourned to 20/5/91."}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Then on 20.5.91 it is recorded: }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
"the respondent is not present nor is there any representation for him.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Order delivered in Open Court."}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 This is the Order that was sought under the Summons.
\par 
\par Although the learned Magistrate has recorded that there was service of the Summons, there is no proof of that in the record.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
Neither is there an Affidavit of Service of the Summons nor is there any statement to Court by the Applicant that there was service.
\par 
\par The learned Magistrate did not state the source of his knowledge regarding service which left all concerned in the dark as to what gave rise to his making the said statement about service; the learned State counsel for the applicant in hi
s submission makes the following irrelevant statements in defence of the learned Magistrate in an attempt to establish proof of service instead of stating the date when the Summons was served:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 "... it is submitted that the Learned Magistrate, having serve
d in this jurisdiction for quite some time, would have been properly .... to his duties under Order VII Rule 2 of the Magistrate's Court unless if for any reason he was "not satisfied that service has been properly effected".}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 In the absence of any substant
ive evidence to the contrary, it is submitted that one must assume, given the Magistrate's in-depth knowledge and experience in this jurisdiction that he had properly satisfied himself by one form or another as to proper service, before specifically notin
g what he did."}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par It is perfectly clear from the record that there was no proof of service of the Summons and I do so hold.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
It was mandatory that service be affected before the learned Magistrate could lawfully proceed to consider the orders sought in the Summons.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 In these circumstances any orders made herein under the Summons are a nullity.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 The FEA should have been given the opportunity to be heard which is its legal entitlement.
\par 
\par In the outcome I find that the orders made were irregular and ought to be set aside.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
I therefore set aside the orders made on 20 May 1991 and order that the Originating Summons be heard de novo before another Magistrate in accordance with the law and order that service of the Summons be effected on the Appellant within 7 days.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 In view of the order that I have made I do not propose to consider the other grounds of Appeal namely 1, 2 and 4. 
\par 
\par I award costs against the Respondent which are to be costs in the cause.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 D. Pathik
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 Judge
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536\charrsid6899330 At Labasa
\par 23 August, 1994}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid8733536 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6899330 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330 HBN0001.93B}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6899330\charrsid6899330 
\par }}