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{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI}{\author Emalus Campus}{\operator Emalus Campus}{\creatim\yr2003\mo7\dy31\hr15\min2}{\revtim\yr2003\mo7\dy31\hr15\min2}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages19}{\nofwords6973}{\nofchars39749}{\*\company USP}{\nofcharsws46629}
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\par At Suva
\par Civil Jurisdiction
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par CIVIL ACTION NO. 569 OF 1991
\par 
\par Between:
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 BULOU ETA KACALAINI VOSAILAGI
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Plaintiff
\par 
\par - and -
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 1.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ADI LADY LALABALAVU LITIA KALOAFUTOGA MARA
\par 2.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 YANUCA ISLAND LIMITED
\par 3.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 NAKURUVAKARUA COMPANY LIMITED
\par 4.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 THE REGISTRAR OF TITLES
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Defendants
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\par Mr. A.R. Matebalavu for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. Q.B. Bale for the 1st and 3rd Defendants
\par Mr. C.B. Young for the 2nd Defendant
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\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 This case concerns the}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Island of Yanuca}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (hereafter referred to as }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 island}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ')}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  situated off the coast of the chiefly village of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Cuvu}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the province of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nadroga}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and on which is erected}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  an international resort hotel }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 commonly referred to as }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the Fijian'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  generating by all accounts a large sum of money from a lucrative tourist market.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
The case however does not directly concern the hotel or its profitability and at an early stage the hotel was given leave to withdraw from the proceedings upon its undertaking through its counsel to furnish any information that the Court may require and 
to abide by any decision the Court may make }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790 on the plaintiff's application.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par More particularly this case raises the concerns of the beneficiaries of a trust established by the then Colonial Administration in 1930}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (hereafter referred to as }{
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Yanuca Trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ')}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in respect of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Island}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and which was subsequently conveyed by a formal deed on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  30th of October 1969}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to the present sole trustee, }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Adi Lady Lalabalavu Litia Kaloafutoga Mara}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (hereafter referred to as }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ')}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par At the outset I would observe that the plaintiff has chosen as she is entitled, to come to this Court by way of originating summons dated the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  28th of November 1991}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  seeking the removal and replacement of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and an order for accounts during her stewardship.}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Of such a procedure }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Buckley J.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  said in }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Re Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. Trusts Deed v. Smith and Anor}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 . }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (1965) 1 ALL E.R. 609}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.610}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}
{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"... it was, I think, open to the plaintiffs to institute these proceedings either by originating summons or by writ}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  ... but I desire to 
say that in my view, clearly, proceedings by beneficiaries against trustees of a contentious nature, charging the trustees with breach of trust or with default in the proper performance of their duties, whether the matters with which the trustees are char
ged are matters of commission or omission, ought normally to be commenced by writ and not by originating summons; for in such proceedings it is most desirable that the trustees should know before trial precisely what is alleged against them."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par However no objection has been taken to the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 form'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the action and nothing more need be said about it.
\par 
\par In support of the summons the plaintiff has filed an affidavit numbering}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  29 pages}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  long and containing}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  83 paragraphs}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  with numerous}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  annexures}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
In the affidavit she alleges no less than}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  8 instances}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 of breach of trust and mismanagement by}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the performance of her duties under }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '.
\par 
\par }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  for her part having acknowledged service of the papers through her solicitors on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  4th of December 1991}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 , filed a}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  1 page}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  affidavit on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  12th of May 1992}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 i.e.}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  6 months later}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ) the relevant parts of which reads}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "3.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That I deny that (the) Plaintiff is a proper Plaintiff beneficiary as alleged in this action.
\par 
\par 4.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That I am informed and verily believe
 that (the) question of (the) lawful heirs and successors to the ownership of C.T.33/3336 has yet to be lawfully resolved.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 5.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That the Native Land Commission which has jurisdiction over the said C.T.33/3336 is presently reviewing the whole question of the
 ownership and proper successors and assigns in respect of the said land which I hold as trustee.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The said Native Land Commission has yet to meet and decide on this question.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 6.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That I deny that I have any duties as trustee to give accounts or any explanations to any persons who are not proper beneficiaries.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 7.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That the Plaintiff is not entitled to the relief it (sic) seeks as the Plaintiff is not a proper determined beneficiary to the trust of which I am Trustee.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 8.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That I am prepared to give full detai
ls of accounts as soon as the proper beneficiaries and the ownership of the land subject matter of this action is determined by (the) Native Lands Commission as (the) Native land Commission is the only authority in Fiji which could determine customary rig
hts and legal ownership of the land subject matter of this action.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 9.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That unless and until the said issue is determined the Plaintiff herein has no locus standi to bring this action."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Then in a subsequent supplementary affidavit}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  elaborated on the above matters in the following relevant extracts}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "3.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
... the subject land being C.T.No.33/3336 described as Yanuca Island was sold to the Ka Levu in 1909, one Ratu Luke Nakulanikoro, as an individual and not to him in trust for his tokatoka or any other division or subdivision of his people."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
4.... the subject property and the true beneficiaries thereof can only be confined to the proper heirs and successors of the chiefly position of Ka Levu.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 In this context the Native Lands Commission confirmed i
n its decision dated 19th July 1990 that the true and proper heir and successor to the said chiefly position is Ratu Sakiusa Makutu.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
7.... in the circumstances the identity of the true beneficiary or beneficiaries of the said trust is not certain.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 I claim that it was the Ka Levu Ratu Luke Nakulanikoro alone; the Plaintiff's claim that it was the Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua ..."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Further in referring to the 3rd defendant company}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  deposed}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}
{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "9.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ... My inclusion with my late uncle Ratu Tevita Makutu (
No.2) the Ka Levu at that time, as the only shareholders of the trust and investment company Nakuruvakarua Company Limited was}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 understood to reflect the true beneficiaries (in that case Ratu Tevita Makutu No.2 alone) of this trust I was appointed to hold o
nly for him and his true heirs and successors."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid14418790 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It may be inferred from the above that}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is challenging the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
capacity'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the plaintiff to bring these proceedings on her own behalf or on behalf of an as yet unascertained group or class of beneficiaries.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 There is also a clear suggestion that}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was established solely for the benefit of the then holder of the chiefly title of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Ka Levu"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and his true heirs and successors and that in any event the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Native Land Commission}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is the proper forum to decide this case.
\par 
\par I note with concern however that although mention has been made of the third defendant company, nothing has been put before the Court in either of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee's}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  affidavits seriously denying or disputing the various allegation
s of breach of trust and mismanagement made against her.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It is necessary to consider chronologically the historical background to the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 and the terms of the trust itself in order to answer the matters raised by}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in her affidavit.
\par 
\par In doing so however I do not propose to canvass again matters that have already been the subject of earlier decisions of this Court which are undoubtedly familiar to}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and which answers many of the matters raised in}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  her}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  affidavits.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
I refer in particular to}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (a)}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the decision of }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rooney J.}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in Civil Action No. 293 of 1986 }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Ratu Epi Volavola v. Adi Lady Lalabalavu Litia Kaloafutoga Mara}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (hereafter referred to as }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}
{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Epi Volavola's}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  case'}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ),
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (b)}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 a ruling of }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Sheehan J.}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Epi Volavola's}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  case'}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 and more recently}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid11541741 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (c)}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the judgment of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Chief Justice}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in Judicial Review No. 19 of 1988 }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Bulou Eta Kacalaini Vosailagi v.}{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14418790  }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 N.L.C. and Anor}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 delivered on the 22nd of June 1989 (hereafter referred to as }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 KALEVU }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 case')}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par The earliest}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  pre-Cession}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  written record concerning }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Island}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  dates back to a handwritten}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Sale and Purchase Agreement'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  dated the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  4th of May 1865}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in which the then }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Ka Levu"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  one }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Ratu Kini Chief of Nadroga"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  sold the island }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... for the sum of one hundred dollars in trade ..."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Francis Henry Davis }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 a trader of}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Nasoata, Lower Rewa"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par The island was later to become the subject matter of an unsuccessful petition in }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 1884}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  by the then}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Roko Tui Nadroga}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and a }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Crown Grant Folio No: 992}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was registered in favour of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Francis Henry Davis}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  over the entire }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 109 acres }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 that comprised }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 island}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '.
\par 
\par On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  5th of October 1888}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the island was mortgaged to }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 William Scott}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  solicitor of Suva as security for a loan and a year later on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  24th of September 1889}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  a }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Certificate of Title No: 13 Folio 1186}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was issued in the names of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 William Scott }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 and }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nicholas Hedstrom}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  as executors of the estate of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Francis Henry Davis.
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Subsequently on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  11th of April 1891}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  a new }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Certificate of Title No: 15 Folio 1367}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was issued solely in the name of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 William Scott}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  who held the title until it was transferred to his executors }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
William Alexander Scott}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Henry Milne Scott}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 1908}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
They in turn were issued with a new }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Certificate of Title No. 32 Folio 3319}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .

\par 
\par Prior to his death however, as appears from relevant extracts of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nadroga Provincial Council}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  records, }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 William Scott}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  had agreed to sell}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
island}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  for the sum of}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 200}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 which was to be raised by way of a levy on the people and chiefs of the province of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nadroga}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par Nothing is known about}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  how}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ?}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 or}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  from whom}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ?}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 the money was raised nor has the Court been furnished with any evidence which might help to fill this}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  lacuna}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par Suffice it to say that the purchase price was fully paid up and on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  23rd of January 1909 }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}
{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 island}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was eventually transferred by the executors of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 William Scott}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Native Commissioner of the Colony of Fiji for the time being"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 as evidenced by a third }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Certificate of Title No: 33 Folio 3336}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  issued on the
}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  23rd of April 1909}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The ownership of the island was to remain in that}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
suspended state'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  for the next 21 years.
\par 
\par The next relevant document dealing with}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 island}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is dated the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  5th of July 1930}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and records a transfer of the island to }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "the Secretary For Native Affairs for the time being }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 as Trustee' ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 On the same day a }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 " }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 was executed by the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Secretary of Native Affairs}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 creating a trust over the island for 28 named persons and setting out the manner of determining future beneficiaries and ultimately of the trust in the event of a failure of beneficiaries.
\par 
\par It is convenient at this stage to set out in full the terms of the }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  which reads as follows:}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "}{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 DECLARATION}{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 OF}{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 TRUST}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid11541741 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The Secretary for Native Affairs of Fiji sends Greetings}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 -
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 WHEREAS the Native Commissioner for the time being is registered
 as proprietor of the piece of land containing one hundred and nine acres be the same more or less and situated in the Province of Nadroga}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 on the southern coast of the Island of Viti Levu and known as the Island of Yanuca above high water mark uas more par
ticularly delineated on a plan endorsed on Certificate of Title Vol.33 Folio 3336 dated at Suva the 23rd day of April, 1909}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
AND WHEREAS the officer named as Native Commissioner in the said Certificate of Title is now known as the Secretary for Native Affairs}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
AND WHEREAS the said lands are held by the Proprietor on behalf of and for the benefit of certain native Fijians}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that the said Secretary for Native Affairs hereby declares that he stands seized of the said land in trust
 for the persons named in the Schedule hereto and their lawful heirs and successors according to Native Custom as though the said persons constituted one mataqali and the provisions of Sections 5 and 6 of the Native Lands Ordinance 1905 apply to the said 
land.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Secretary for Native Affairs has hereunto signed his name and affixed his seal.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Sealed Signed and Delivered this 5th day of July, 1930.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (Sgd.) Armstrong
\par }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Secretary for Native Affairs}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 In the presence of
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10629019 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (Sgd.) G.P. Armstrong
\par Witness.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 A Commissioner"}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Schedule'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  then enumerates under the heading}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 LIST OF THE NAMES OF THE FAMILY OF THE "KALEVU" OF CUVU, NADROGA}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the names of 28 individuals as follows}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11541741 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 "1.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ratu Timoci Vosailagi
\par 2.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ratu Mosese Volavola
\par }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 3.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Orisi Lala}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 4.Ratu Osika Noca Louvatu Vosailagi (c) 1
\par }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019 5}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 .}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ratu Veni Cawaitakali
\par 6.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ratu Ilaitia Vobowale
\par 7.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ratu Isea Nawasa
\par 8.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Kini Kurisaru}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12144944\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 (c) 6
\par 9.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Peceli Nakavulevu
\par 10.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Peceli Nakavulevu}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12144944\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 (ii) (c) 6
\par 11.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Alivereti Uqeuqe
\par 12.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Isei Nawasa (ii)
\par 13.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Asenaca Vosailagi
\par 14.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ateca Tuwaci
\par 15.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Unaisi Navue}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12144944\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 (c) 2
\par 16.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Amele Caginitoba
\par 17.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Ema Kelea
\par 18.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid11541741\charrsid10629019  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang1036\langfe5129\langnp1036\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 Luse Taumi
\par }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 19.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Fifita Naulu
\par 20.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Kinisimere Tavailagi
\par 21.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Vaulina Sereibua}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (i)}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (c) 6
\par 22.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Toakasa Rabo}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 
 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (c) 7
\par 23.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Salanieta Tanumi
\par 24.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Amele Caginitoba
\par 25.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Mereoni Buloulevu}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (c) 9
\par 26.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Toakasa Rabo
\par 27.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Loata Naivua
\par 28.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11541741  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Joana Tuwaci"}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid11541741 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 On the }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 10th of November 1965}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the then}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Secretary for Fijian Affairs}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "as Trustee"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  leased approximately half of the island to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Fiji Resorts Limited}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (later renamed }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Island Limited}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the 2nd defendant herein)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  for a yearly rental of}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 500}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .

\par 
\par Then at a meeting of the members of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
held on or about the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  18th of January 1969}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 it was agreed amongst other things to extend the lease of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Fiji Resorts Limited}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to include}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the remaining portion of the island and more particularly}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "3.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10757071  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That the Trustee be changed, and that Adi Lady Lala Mara be the Trustee."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  30th of October 1969}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the then }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Minister for Fijian Affairs and Local Government }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Penaia Kanatabatu Ganilau
}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  gave effect to the written request of the members of the tokatoka by executing a }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Deed of Trust}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 in which he discharged the Colonial Government's trusteeship over the island and appointed}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ADI LADY LALABALAVU LITIA KALOAFUTOGA MARA}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 to be Trustee in his stead of the said land to hold the same upon the trusts mentioned in the said Declaration of Trust dated the 5th of July, 1930 and the said }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ADI LADY LALABALAVU LITIA KALOAFUTOGA MARA}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 DOTH HEREBY ACCEPT}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  appointment as trustee as aforesaid }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 AND DECLARE}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  that she will hold the said land upon 
the trusts hereinbefore mentioned."}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 In accepting the trusteeship }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Adi Lady Mara}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  bound herself in the words of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Lord Chancellor}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Moyle v. Moyle}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1831) Vol. 34 R.R. 186}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.189}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "to discharge its duties so long as (her) character of trustee subsists;
 for by consenting to assume the office, (she) prevents other persons from being appointed or accepting, who might have more time and leisure to devote to it.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It is no excuse, therefore, that the parties are volunteers; for they are greatly to blame in con
senting to act, if they really have no time for the due performance of their duty ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In similar vein }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Lord Esher M.R.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Soar v. Ashwell}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1893) 2 Q.B. 390}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  said of }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "express trusts"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.394}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}
{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... where a person has assumed, either with or without consen
t, to act as a trustee of money or property, i.e., to act in a fiduciary relation with regard to it, and has in consequence been in possession of or has exercised command or control over such money or property, a Court of Equity will impose upon him all t
he liabilities of an express trustee, and will class him and will call him an express trustee of an express trust.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The principal liability of such a trustee is that he must discharge himself by accounting to his cestui que trusts for all such money or prope
rty without regard to lapse of time."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par On the same day and pursuant to above-mentioned }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Deed of Trust}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ' }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the island was transferred to }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ADI LADY LALABALAVU LITIA KALOAFUTOGA MARA }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 as }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par The expanded lease of the island to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Fiji Resorts Limited}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was no
t formalised however until the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  14th of January 1970}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 when a lease over the whole island for }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 99 years}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  from the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  1st of September 1969}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was executed by the newly appointed trustee.
\par 
\par It may be noted that this latter lease was for a yearly rental of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 $20,000}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and c
ontained a }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 profit-sharing'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  clause in the following terms}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"1. In addition to the rental hereinbefore provided and in consideration of the lessor's waiving any claim to periodical reassessment of rental the lessee will pay to the lessor an annual sum equ
ivalent to 1% (one percent) of the amount by which the lessee's gross income from the business on the subject land for each year ending on the thirty-first August shall exceed the sum of $1,800,000 (ONE MILLION EIGHT HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS).}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Such additio
nal payment shall be calculated by the lessee's auditors and shall be paid within sixty days after the audited accounts of the lessee have been adopted by the lessee."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  21st of August 1970}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  a private company limited by shares was incorporated under the name and title}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 NAKURUVAKARUA COMPANY LIMITED}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (the third defendant company)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  with a share capital of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 50,000}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 shares of $1 each of which 2 shares were paid up and issued, one in the personal name of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and the other in the name of the late }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Tevita Nabekasiga Makutu}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (No.1)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par It is not entirely clear why or on whose advice the company was set up but in any event it was a convenient vehicle through which to channel the trust income generated by the lease of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 island}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Fiji Resorts Limited }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 and through which other trust assets could be and were acquired.
\par 
\par From the foregoing it is possible to draw the following conclusions}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (1)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10757071  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The land comprising }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Island}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is not }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "native Land"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  as defined by the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Native Lands Act}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (Cap. 133)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  as it is land which was }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "the subject of a Crown Grant"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and although the cumulative effect of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and transfers in respect of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
island}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 may be said to have resulted in the return of the beneficial interest in the island to its original native owner(s), the island has never been placed under the control of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Native Lands Trust Board}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  nor has it been administered by it as }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 native land'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Very simply }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Island}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 freehold'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par (2)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10757071  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The transfer of the island to the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Secretary for Native Affairs}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "as Trustee"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  coupled with the written }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  by him was sufficient to create and did create an }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 express trust'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  over }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Island}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in which the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Secretary for Native Affairs}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was constituted the trustee of the island for various named beneficiaries and their lawful heirs and successors}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (3)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10757071  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The subsequent transfer of the island to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Adi Lady Lala Mara}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  coupled with her clear and unconditional acceptance of the }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Deed of Trust}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  30th of October 1969}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  constituted her the sole trustee of the express trust previously established over the island and bound her to accept its terms and conditions }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 including}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the beneficiaries for whose benefit the trust was first declared}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10165787 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10757071 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (4)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10757071  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Although the original property settled in}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was an uninhabited isla
nd its potential for development as an attractive island resort has been tapped with the result that the trust assets have grown over the past 22 years to }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 include}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  a valuable lease of the island, a private limited liability company with substantial assets a
nd holdings valued in excess of one and a half million dollars, and an undistributed accumulated fund in excess of three quarter of a million dollars.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In this latter regard }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Sheehan J.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 in }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Epi Volavola's case}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (op cit) in refusing an injunction to freeze the assets of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  observed at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.4}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10165787 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "The assets of this trust, the Court is advised is in}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10165787  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the nature of a million dollars or more.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Such substantial assets require, in my view, nothing less than constant attention as regards investment and m
anagement, I cannot see that having the trust funds simply frozen as they stand without there being any provision for interim management is in the interest of all beneficiaries.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10165787 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 In any case ... the appointed trustee (is) accountable to the beneficiaries ..."
}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par So much then for the historical background to the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
I turn next to deal with the issues raised in the competing affidavits of the plaintiff and}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}
{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par I shall deal firstly with the question of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 locus standi'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the plaintiff to bring these proceedings.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
I would observe however that this preliminary matter ought properly to have been raised in a separate more appropriate action than as a ground for opposing the granting of the relief sought in the substantive action.
\par 
\par Be that as it may the plaintiff in her affidavit states that she is a member of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and by virtue of that membership is a beneficiary in terms of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  created over}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  island}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Additionally she seeks the leave of the Court to be appointed the representative of the other members of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  who she deposes are also beneficiaries under the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and whose signed }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Authority to Represent}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  forms an}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  annexure}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to the plaintiff's affidavit.
\par 
\par Suffice it to say that from the earlier decision in}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 KALEVU}{
\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Case}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  there can be no dispute that the plaintiff is the daughter of an original beneficiary of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and former holder of the chiefly title of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 KALEVU'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 namely, }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Timoci Vosailagi}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  which is a fac
t that bears significantly upon her}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 standing'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to bring these present proceedings.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par The fact of her membership of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is, as observed by }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rooney J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Epi Volavola's case}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (op cit)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.7}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10165787 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... incidental to (her) right to be regarded}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 as a beneficiary under the Trust Deed."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par The reason for that observation being as }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rooney J.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 correctly points out with respect at }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.6}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (ibid)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is that}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10165787 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"As Yanuca Island had once been the subject of a Crown Grant and could no longer be treated as native land, it was made the subject of a trust in favour of the people considered the rightful owners.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
I have no information as to how this situation first arose and when, but, the solution adopted was a practical one."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par True there is reference in the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "native custom"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 but that was merely the adopted formula or method by which the beneficiaries of the trust could with reasonable certainty be ascertained.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It had nothing whatsoever to do with the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 legal status'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '
}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 island}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the subject matter of the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  which had been determined much earlier with the issuance of a }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Crown Grant}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par As was pointed out by }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rooney J.}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (op.cit)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the relevance of the reference to }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 native custom'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was that }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... the persons entitled to the benefits of the Trust Deed were not the heirs under English law as applied in Fiji, but the heirs under Fijian custom."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par In my view there is also an inherent danger, apt to confuse in the present context, of identifying the beneficiaries of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 by reference solely to their membership of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par It might well be as the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Chief Justice}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  observed at }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.8}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 KALEVU}{\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  case}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ' (op cit)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  that the}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Members of the Ka Levu dynasty belong to the chiefly Tokatoka (li
neage unit) Nakuruvakarua within Mataqali (sub-clan) Leweinadroga in the Yavusa (the widest patrilineal kinship unit) Louvatu."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par It may well be that membership of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 raises an evidential presumption that the particular member is, to adopt the wordings of the}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 
'}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 , }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "a lawful heir and successor according to Native Custom ..."}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 of the family of the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Ka Levu"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Cuvu, Nadroga}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
, but to accept those propositions uncritically, would be, in my view, to place undue weight on the heading of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Schedule'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 at the risk of ignoring the original 28 individuals named in it who undoubtedly comprise the extended family members of the then }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "KALEVU"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and who might be considered the foundation or primary beneficiaries of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to whom}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  from whom}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  anyone claiming to be a }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 beneficiary'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  must ultimately trace his or her ancestry}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  albeit}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  through }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 native custom'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par Accordingly I would hold that the plaintiff as a child of a named beneficiary of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Trust}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and a former }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ka Levu'}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (albeit of a recent lineage)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  is a }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 lawful heir and successor according to Native custom'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  within the class of beneficiaries contemplated by}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  so as to entitle her to bring these present proceedings on he
r own behalf.
\par 
\par The question of the plaintiff's representative capacity of the other tokatoka members however is a more difficult one to determine and one likely to involve an examination of native land holding records (}{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 viz}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Vola-ni-Kawa}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ) and more importantly matters of }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 native custom'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 relating to succession to property which are more suitably within the auspices of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Native Lands Commission}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par Furthermore it is unknown whether the signatories to the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Authority to Represent}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  annexed to the plaintiff's af
fidavit comprise the majority of the surviving adult members of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  but in any event I do not consider that factor necessarily conclusive of the plaintiff's right to institute a representative action on behalf of the other members of
 the tokatoka which she purportedly seeks.
\par 
\par It was established as long ago as }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 1956}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the decision of }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Hammett J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Meli Kaliavu and Others v. N.L.T.B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  5 F.L.R 17}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  that individual members of a}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
mataqali'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  or other Fijian landowning unit have no right to institute proceedings in this Court.
\par 
\par That decision was more recently reaffirmed in}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Civil Action No. 421 of 1986}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Timoci Bavadra v. N.L.T.B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (unreported)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in which }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rooney J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 in refusing leave to the plaintiff to institute a representative action on behalf of his tokatoka said at }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.4}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"Even if the plaintiff could show that he had the support of the majority of the adult members of the land holding unit this would not necessarily give him or the people he represents the right to sue.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That depends on the nature of the Fijian land holding unit."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par and later in referring to }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "a tokatoka or mataqali"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the learned judge said at 
}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.7}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (ibid)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"It is, as far as the applied law is concerned, an alien institution, which is neither a corporation nor an unincorporated association."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Notwithstanding those observations, in this instance it is beyond serious dispute and I so find that these present proceedings concerns }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ... property subject to a trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 beneficiaries'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  thereof.
\par 
\par In these circumstances}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  Order 15 rule 15}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 High Court Rules }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
gives the Court power to appoint the plaintiff a representative of other beneficiaries (}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 NOT}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  I might add other members of her tokatoka}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
) if it is expedient to do so and if one or more of the following conditions are met, namely - }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid10629019 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "(a)}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 that the person, the class or some members of the class, cannot be ascertained or cannot readily be ascertained}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par (b)}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
that the person, class or some member of the class, though ascertained, cannot be found}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  

\par 
\par (c)}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 that, though the person or the class and the me
mbers thereof can be ascertained and found, it appears to the Court expedient (regard being had to all the circumstances including the amount at stake and the degree of difficulty of the point to be determined) to exercise the power for the purpose of sav
ing expense."}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In this latter regard mindful that the persons which the plaintiff seeks to represent all rely on one and the same }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  as evidencing their}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 common interest'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and mindful of their written }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Authority}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to the plaintiff to represent them in these proceedings and the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 common purpose'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  therein }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 to wit}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 , the substitution of the present sole trustee of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
, I am satisfied having regard to all the circumstances including the amount at stake and the degree of difficulty of the point to be determined that it would be expedient and cost-effective to exercise the power of the Court under }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Order 15 r.15}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 by appointing the plaintiff to represent in these proceedings the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 67}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 named signatories of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Authority to Represent}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  which forms an annexure to the plaintiff's founding affidavit.
\par 
\par So much then for the plaintiff's standing to bring these proceedings I turn next to this Court's power to determine the various issues raised by the parties in these proceedings.
\par 
\par In }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Ratu Epi Volavola's}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  case (op cit) }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rooney J.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 observed at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.7}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"... a beneficiary enjoys rights against a trustee as provided for under the Trustee Act (Cap.65) and under the system of equity developed in the former Court of Chancery in England and which is now administered in this Court."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par As to the former, the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Trustee Act}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (Cap. 65)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  provides by }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Section 89}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  that}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "An order under the pr}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532 ovisions of this Act for the ap}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
pointment of a new trustee, or concerning any property subject to a trust, may be made on the application of a person beneficially interested in the property ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par and }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Section 73}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  empowers the Court}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"... whenever it is expedient to appoint a new trustee(s) ... and it is inexpedient, difficult or impracticable so to do without the assistance of the Court, (to) ma
ke an order for the appointment of a new trustee(s) either in substitution for or in addition to any existing trustee(s) ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In this latter regard the plaintiff asserts and it is not seriously denied that the beneficiaries}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (which she presumably represents)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  have exercised all reasonable options available to them to achieve an amicable replacement of the present trustee without any success.
\par 
\par Of the Court's equitable jurisdiction }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Scott J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  said in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Chellaram v. Chellaram}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1985) 1 Ch.D 409}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.428}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}
{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "The juri
sdiction of the court to administer trusts to which the jurisdiction to remove trustees and appoint new ones is ancillary, is an in personam jurisdiction.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 In the exercise of it, the court will inquire what personal obligations are binding upon the trustees
 and will enforce those obligations... The trustees can be ordered to pay, to sell, to buy,}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 to invest, whatever may be necessary to give effect to the rights of the beneficiaries, which are binding on them.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 If the court is satisfied that in order to give e
ffect to or to protect the rights of the beneficiaries, trustees ought to be replaced by others, I can see no reason in principle why the court should not make in personam orders against the trustees requiring them to resign and to vest the trust assets i
n the new trustees."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par More relevant however in the present context is the decision of the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Privy Council}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Letterstedt v. Broers}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1884) 9 App. Cas. 371}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in which the Court laid down the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 guiding principles'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to be applied in the removal of trustees in the following passages of its judgment delivered by }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Lord Blackburn}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 pp. 386 and 387}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"It seems to their Lordships that the jurisdiction which a Court of Equity has no difficulty in }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532 exercising ... is merely ancill}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ary to its principle duty, to see that the trusts are properly executed.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 This duty is constantly being performed by the substitution of new trustees in the place of original trustees for a variety of reasons in non-contentious cases.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 And therefore, though it should appear that the charges of misconduct
 were either not made out, or were grossly exaggerated, so that the trustee was justified in resisting them, ... yet if satisfied that the continuance of the trustee would prevent the trusts being properly executed, the trustee might be removed.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It must always be borne in mind that trustees exist for the ben}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532 efit of those to whom the creato}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 r of the trust has given the trust estate.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid13452532 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
As soon as all questions of character are as far settled as the nature of the case admits, if it appears clear that the continu
ance of the trustee would be detrimental to the execution of the trust, even if for no other reason than that human infirmity would prevent those beneficially interested, or those who act for them, from working in harmony with the trustee, ... the trustee
 is always, advised by his counsel to resign, and does so.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
In exercising so delicate a jurisdiction as that of removing trustees, their Lordships do not venture to lay down any general rule beyond the very broad principle above enunciated, that their main guide must be the welfare of the beneficiaries."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par and later at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.389}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  their lordships said}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"It is quite true that friction or hostility between trustees and the immediate possessor of the trust estate is not of itself a reason for the removal of the trustees.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 But where the hostility is grounded on the mode in which the trust has been administered, ... it is certainly not to be disregarded."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Bearing those principles in mind I turn to consider the specific allegations of breach of trust and mismanagement deposed by the plaintiff in her affidavit.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 They are in summary}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 : }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (1)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 an allegation of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 breach of trust'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the incorporation and management of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nakuruvakarua Company Limited}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par (2)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 an allegation of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
breach of trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in having caused and permitted a conflict to arise between her own interests and her duties as trustee in the expenditure of trust funds}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par (3)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 an allegation of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
breach of trust'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in her neglect and failure to account fully to the beneficiaries for income derived from the utilisation of trust funds}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (4)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 an allegation of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 breach of trust'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the acquisition of assets that did not accurately reflect the interests of the beneficiaries}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par (5)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
an allegation of a failure to exercise due diligence and care in the management and investment of trust funds in particular in the manner authorised and provided for by the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Trustee Act}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (Cap. 65)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par (6)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
an allegation of a failure to exercise a sufficient degree of diligence in the execution and management of the office of trustee}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par (7)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 an allegation that the tr
ustee failed in her duty to act impartially and to act in the interests of all the beneficiaries}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 and 
\par 
\par (8)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
an allegation that the trustee failed in her duty to provide information and accounts to the beneficiaries concerning the trust fund.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Grounds 5 and 6 however unlike the other grounds are bare allegations and in that form I do not propose to deal with them.
\par 
\par It is convenient at this point to set out briefly the relevant principles that guide the Court in considering the plaintiff's allegations, in particular, the recognised }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 duties of a trustee'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 having regard to the completely discretionary nature of the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 express trusts'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  which}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 was charged with performing in terms of the }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Declaration of Trust}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Deed of Trust}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and mindful of the assertions made in}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustees}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 affidavits in reply.
\par 
\par To begin with it is the primary duty of any trustee who accepts a trust to acquaint himself with the terms of the trust and to ascertain}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 (if necessary with the assistance of the Court)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the beneficiaries for whose benefit the trust was established.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Accordingly a trustee having accepted a trust is not permitted thereafter to impeach the validity of the trust or the title of the beneficiaries of the trust.
\par 
\par In this case}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 has clearly deposed in terms that impliedly denies the validity of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 instrument and the title of and/or the class of beneficiaries thereunder.
\par 
\par In not dissimilar circumstances }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Sim J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  said in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 McGregor v. McGregor}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (No.2)}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1919) N.Z.L.R. 286}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.287}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 
:}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... mere obstinacy may amount to misconduct on the part of a trustee.
\par 
\par In the present case (the trustee) was guilty of much more than mere obstinacy.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
He denied altogether the existence of the trust, and claimed as his own the whole of the trust estate.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It is impossible for a trustee to be guilty of more serious misconduct than that in relation to the trust, and the fact that the trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
may have honestly believed that his claim was justified does not make his action, in my opinion, any the less misconduct on his part."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In similar vein }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Romilly M.R.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  said more than half a century earlier in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Newsome v. Flowers}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1861) 132 R.R. 363}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.369}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}
{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"It is a common principle of law that ... where persons are made trustees for the owner of property}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  if they acknowledge the trust for a considerable time, they cannot say that any other persons are their cestui que trust, or "we will turn you out of the property."}
{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Needless to say before a trustee can properly claim that a claimant is not a beneficiary of the trust which he is charged to admin
ister he must satisfy the Court that he has taken all reasonable steps available to him to verify the claim and ascertain the identity of the proper beneficiaries.
\par 
\par In this regard it is noteworthy that}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  has sought neither the assistance of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Native Lands Commission}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 which she asserts is the proper forum to determine the issue nor of the Court in terms of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Trustee Act}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (Cap. 65)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par In so far as a trustee is empowered and required to manage trust funds }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Equity}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 requires him to}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... take such ca
re in conducting the business of the trust as a reasonably cautious man would use, having regard not only to the interests of those who are entitled to the income, but to the interests of those who will take in future.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 That is to say ... trustees are bound
 to preserve the money for those entitled to the corpus in remainder, and they are bound to invest it in such a way as will produce a reasonable income for those enjoying the income for the present.}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid13452532 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 In my opinion a trustee is not bound to have special knowledge.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Where there is any special knowledge required, he may, and ought to consult those who could advise him from their special knowledge ..."}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (per }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Cotton L.J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Whiteley v. Learoyd}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1886) 33 Ch.D. 347}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.350}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par Of the general rule of equity that no one in a fiduciary position}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (such as a trustee)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 is allowed to enter into engagements in which he has or can have a personal interest conflicting with the interests of the beneficiaries whom he is bound to protect and to whom he must account for any personal benefits, }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Rigby L.J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Lagunas Nitrate Co. v. Lagunas Syndicate}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1899) 2 Ch.D. 392}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  said at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.442}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"It is an equitable rule which has always been guarded and enforced with the utmost jealousy, that no fiduciary agent shall, under pain of consequences th
oroughly well known ..., intentionally place himself in a position in which his interest may conflict with his duty.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
The rule is not a mere arbitrary or technical rule of equity, but is based upon high grounds of morality, and the Courts of Equity have always held any departure from it to be a serious wrongdoing.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
The equitable rule referred to does not in any way depend upon fraud or any presumption of advantage actually taken}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  indeed, it applies equally, even though it be shewn that no advantage has been taken."}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid13452532 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Then it has been said that a trustee has a duty to give each of his}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 cestui que trust'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 , on demand, information with respect to the mode in which the trust fund has been dealt with and where it is.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 More particularly, }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Kekewich J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  speaking of the same duty said in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Re Watson}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1904) 49 Sol. Jo. 54}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "The duty of a trustee is three-fold}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 there is the duty to keep accounts, the duty to deliver accounts, and the duty to vouch accounts...}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 The duty to keep accounts is an essential duty, he must keep such ac
counts so as to be able to deliver a proper account within a reasonable time showing what he has received and paid ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In this particular case the plaintiff complains that }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nakuruvakarua Company Limited}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  was incorporated by the trustee without the knowledge of the beneficiaries of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca Trust }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
and rental monies under the lease of the island were diverted into the company and utilised for purposes otherwise than for the benefit of the beneficiaries.
\par 
\par Specifically, the plaintiff complains that the existin
g shareholding in the company does not clearly or adequately reflect the interests of the beneficiaries in the company or the trusteeship of the named shareholders and further that trust funds were expended and advanced on various unauthorised projects an
d for various unidentified purposes and, where identified, no details or accounts have been furnished or supplied.
\par 
\par In this regard after having carefully considered the various sworn complaints of the plaintiff}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (which remain undisputed and untested in cross-examination)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the light of the public records relating to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nakuruvakarua Company Limited}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and the accounts of the company which declares}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  inter alia}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"The company has been regarded by the shareholders, as an extension of the Trust Deed in respect of the Island of Yanuca."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par and mindful that during the present }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee's}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 stewardship the trust estate has been greatly enhanced, and further that it is generally accepted as commonplace that substantially all business and commercial undertakings, regardless of siz
e or importance, are today carried on through the corporate vehicle, I cannot accept that any breach of trust occurred in the incorporation of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Nakuruvakarua Company Limited}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par I accept however that there is reason for concern in the nature of the presen
t recorded shareholding of the company which at best is ambiguous and at worst a potential source for a conflict of interest and accordingly an appropriate order(s) will be made to regularise the matter upon hearing counsel further on the matter.}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 As for the management of the company by}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and more particularly in regard to the various items of expenditure in the solitary set of accounts submitted by}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  covering one third of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 20 }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 odd years of her trusteeship and of which specific com
plaint has been made, this Court is firmly of the view that such expenditure and the undeniable failure of the trustee in discharging her positive duty to render accounts to the beneficiaries of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  concerning the same cannot be so easily and euphemistically excused}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"... as payments ... for causes which were intended to enhance the good name and standing of the Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par or as being}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "... matter of record available for perusal at the office of Trust accountants."
}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Be that as it may, in her most recent affidavit filed on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  30th of November }
{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  has deposed to her decision }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
"... to stand down voluntarily from my position as sole trustee of the Nakuruvakarua trust in the hope that this would be the best means of promoting unity amongst the members of the Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua"}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par In the light of this most recent development the appropriateness or genuineness of which I have no reason to doubt, it is no longer encumbent on the Court to deal in any detail with the plaintiff's various complaints.
\par 
\par Learned counsel for the plaintiff objects to the lateness of this most recent affidavit and questions the regularity of the Court accepting or acting on it.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 I am firmly of the view however that in exercising its jurisdiction in
 the matter this Court is essentially engaged solely in determining what ought to be done in the best interests of the trust estate and not necessarily in determining the rights of adversarial parties.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par 
\par That is not always easy, particularly where, as in t
his case, the application has been conducted as if it were hostile litigation but that must not be permitted to obscure the real question at issue which is what directions ought to be given in the interests of all the beneficiaries.
\par 
\par Furthermore the lateness with which a Court would accept a trustee's offer to withdraw is well illustrated in }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Harris v. Harris (No.1)}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (1861) 131 R.R. 475}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  when }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Romilly M.R.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 said at}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.476}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Generally speaking, when these cases occur, the trustee}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 who never derives any benefit, bu
t incurs a considerable amount to risk from the office, upon the slightest intimation from the Court, which is always unwilling to make any hostile determination against him, says, "If you wish me to retire, I do not wish to remain}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 ;}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  all I have done in this}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532  matter, which was purely gratu}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 i}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid13452532 t}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 ous, has been for your benefit.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 I do not wish to give my services any longer, if you do not}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 wish to have them."}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
I should have wished that this trustee had adopted that course, and, if he wishes it, I will now allow it to be stated in the decree that he requested to be no longer continued as trustee, but if not he must be removed."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par In my view the existing trustee has expressed a desire}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (albeit somewhat belatedly)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to be discharged from her onerous office and in such circumstances the Court has power pursuant to }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Section 73(2)(a)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Trustee Act }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (Cap.65)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to make an order appointing a new trustee.
\par 
\par In exercising the Court's power however I ought not to ignore what has been variously described by counsel for}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  as the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "realities"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of the obviously hostile atmosphere that presently exists between}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and some of the beneficiaries of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par It is a matter of some regret and of grave concern to the Court that relations between the parties was permitted to degenerate to the extent that it has.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Moreso where it involves close relatives from within the same chiefly tokatoka who are persons of high chiefly status in their own traditional right.
\par 
\par It is also unfortunate that the parties for reasons best known to themselves or, as has been suggested, as a result of the influence of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "outsiders"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  appear to have forgotten the salutary observations of the learned }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
Chief Justice}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  when he said at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 p.22}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 KALEVU}{
\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  case}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 
:}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13452532 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 "Fijian custom and tradition has its own i
n-built method of resolving even the hardest of disputes.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It is called "veisorosorovi"}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
and is invoked in order to restore peace and harmony to village life and in a larger context to the life of the vanua.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It of course requires a huge helping of magnanimity wisdom and understanding.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 It is only when Fijian custom and tradition is ignored or gives way to expediency that disputatious situations will arise in Fijian society."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par That a state of hostility presently exists between the parties and within the membership of the tokatoka }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Nakuruvakarua}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 , there can be no doubt.
\par 
\par In the circumstances this Court has the opportunity and in my humble view ought in the exercise of its discretionary powers in this case, to attempt to foster if at all possible a reconciliation between the parties and within the membership of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  who comprise the beneficiaries of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par Accordingly I do not propose at this stage to exercise the Court's power to appoint a trustee or trustees and risk perpetuating or aggravating the existing hostilities, instead I shall by way of an indulgence to the parties give }{
\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 all}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the beneficiaries of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  the opportunity of meeting together and deciding }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 by themselves}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 for themselves}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  in the traditional and customary manner, the names of the new person or persons that they collectively consider would best serve }{
\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 all}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  their interests in the execution of the }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust'}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 .
\par 
\par The order of the court is that this matter shall stand adjourned for 2 weeks until }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 23.12.92}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  and the plaintiff and}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
trustee}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  are hereby }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 DIRECTED}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to meet and convene with the assistance of their respective counsels}
{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (if necessary)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  a private meeting of all adult members of the }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Tokatoka Nakuruvakarua}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  to discuss and agree on the name or names of the 
new trustee or trustees of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12144944 '}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 the }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Yanuca trust}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 '}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 AND FURTHER}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  such name or names}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944  (if any)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
 which is or are agreed is to be submitted in a joint affidavit to the Court together with the necessary consent(s) of such nominee or nominees for the consideration of the Court.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597 

\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5508301\charrsid12144944 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 Failing this the Court will proceed to final judgment.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5508301 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 (D.V. Fatiaki)
\par }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14418790 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par At Suva,
\par 4th December, 1992.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5508301 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5508301 HBC0569D.91S}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12206597\charrsid12144944 
\par }}