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\par CIVIL ACTION NO. 259 OF 1992 \par \par Between: \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 HOUSING AUTHORITY \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Plaintiff \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398\charrsid14223398 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 - and - \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 1. APISAI V. TORA \par 2. MELI NATALATU TORA \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (As Trustees for the time \par being of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 NATUANIYARAWA \par VILLAGE HOUSING SCHEME}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 ) \par Defendants \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par Mr. V. Maharaj for the Plaintiff \par Mr. R. Krishna for the Defendants \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 RULING}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 27th of May 1992}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 the plaintiff Authority instituted the present proceedings against the defendants for the recovery of loan monies together with interest advanced towards the construction of houses under the }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Natuaniyarawa Village Housing Scheme}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 .}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 On the same day the plaintiff sought an order pursuant to }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Order 15 r.14}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 of the }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 High Court Rules}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... that the plaintiff be at liberty to conduct this action against (the defendants) as Trustees of Natuaniyarawa Village Housing Scheme."}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 17th of July}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 this Court granted the order sought in the absence of the defendants.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Then on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 27th of July}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 the defendants applied to set aside the aforesaid}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 order for representation'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 made against them principally on the ground that}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... as the debtors can be verified without any reasonable doubt the subject action should have been issued against them and not in the name of the trustees."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par It is necessary to briefly outline the facts as far as may be gleaned from the affidavits and annexures filed by the parties.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 21st of September 1985}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 the defendants executed a }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Deed of Trust}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 wherein they were appointed }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "as trustees to hold as joint trustees for and on behalf of the Villagers of the said Natuaniyarawa Village Housing Scheme all property both real and personal now and hereafter acquired."}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par It would appear from the }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Deed of Trust}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 that the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 settlors'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 of the trust were 8 named individuals}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (including the 2 defendants)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 who formed themselves into a n unincorporated association called the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Natuaniyarawa Village Housing Scheme}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 with an avowed }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... purpose of rehousing and resettling their people at Natalau Village in the Dominion of Fiji."}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par It is also significant that the }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Deed of Trust}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 not only empowers the trustees in their absolute discretion to borrow and/or raise money generally for the purpose of carrying out the trust but more specifically it directed them}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... (to) enter into an agreement with the principal lender the Housing Authority whereby the Authority shall advance sums of money to the Trustees for the construction of the houses at Natalau Village."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par In this latter regard the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Acting Director Marketing}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 of the plaintiff Authority has deposed}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 inter alia}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 that }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "the defendants in their capacity as T rustees of Natuaniyarawa Village Housing Scheme ... were granted four loans by the plaintiff (Authority) to construct houses and to carry out cyclone upgrading to the said houses at the defendant's village at Natalau, Nadi."}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par This has not been specifically denied as it could have been instead the defendant's have sought to identify the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 trust members'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 to whom it is alleged the plaintiff Authority lent the monies as evidenced by 2 mortgage documents personally executed by them in favour of the plaintiff Auth ority to secure loans totalling in excess of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 $240,000}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 which is almost $90,000 more than is deposed to have been lent to the defendants as Trustees of the housing scheme}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 ). \par \par Although the plaintiff Authority has not disputed the defendant's assertion as above, it may also be noted that one of the mortgage documents}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 pre-dates}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 the }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Deed of Trust}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 by almost a year and the other for a loan of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 $143,659.73}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 is dated several weeks }{\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 after}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 and is expressly intended for }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... the construction and completion of dwelling houses in Natuaniyarawa Village on the said land in accordance with the plans and specifications approved by the ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par So much then for the brief facts in this case.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 I turn next to deal with }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Order 15 r.14}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 High Court Rules}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 which so far as relevant reads as follows}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Representative Proceedings (Or.15 r.14)}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "14}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 - (1) Where numerous persons have the same interest in any proceedings, ..., the}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 proceedings may be begun, and, unless the}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Court otherwise orders, continued, by or}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 against any one or more of them as}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 representing all ..." \par \par (2) At any stage of proceedings under this rule the Court may, on the application of the plaintiff, and on such terms, if any, as it thinks fit, appoint any one or more of the defendants ...}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 to represent all, ... of those persons in the proceedings and where, in exercise of the power conferred by this paragraph, the Court appoints a person not named as a defendant, it shall make an order under rule 6 adding that person as a defendant."}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par In discussing the historical origins and nature of the U.K. equivalent of the above rule }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Megarry J.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 in }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 John v. Rees}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (1970) 1 Ch. D. 345}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 after citing the famous dicta of }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Lord Macnaghten}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 in }{ \b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Bedford (Duke of) v. Ellis}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (1970) A.C.}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2699059 }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 1}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 at }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 pp.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2699059 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 8 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 and }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 10}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 , said at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 p.370}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... the rule is to be treated as being not a rigid}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 matter of principle but a flexible tool of convenience in the administration of justice ...}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 The approach also seems to be consistent with the language of (the rule which) ... is wide and permissive in its scope yet it provides adequate safegu ards for the substance.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 I would therefore be slow to apply the rule in any strict or rigorous sense."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par and at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 p.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2699059 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 371}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "It seems to me that the important thing is to have before the Court, either in person or by representation, all who will be affected}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 and provided that the issue will be fairly argued out, ..."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par In }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Walker v. Sur}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (1914) 1 K.B. 930}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 although the members of the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Court of Appeal}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (U.K.) expressed some difficulty in the language of the rule in so far as it applied to }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 '}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 defendants'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 , nevertheless }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Vaughan Williams L.J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 in recognising the breadth of the Court's discretion in the matter said at }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 p.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2699059 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 934}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "I cannot doubt that the intention of (the rule) was to make easier the bringing of actions for the enforcement of rights against an unincorporated aggregate of people ...}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 The rule, as it stands, does not purport to leave it to the mere will or choice of the plaintiff or of the defendants, nor to give a right in either case of selection at the choice of a plaintiff who wishes to sue representative members of an unincorporated society.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 As I understand the rule, it lies with the judge to give the authority, and if he thinks it a case in which the plaintiff may properly sue the persons that he proposes to sue as people proper to be authorised to defend in suc h cause or matter on behalf of or for the benefit of all persons so interested, then the order may be made."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par Applying the above principles to the brief facts of this case as outlined earlier and mindful that the defendants are themselves members of the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 housing scheme'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 and are the particular persons with whom the plaintiff Authority dealt with in respect of the loans to the}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 housing scheme'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 and, more particularly, that the defendants are expressly charged in the }{ \b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 Deed of Trust}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 with the responsibility and duty}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 "... (to) ensure that the repayments of the (plaintiff Authority's) loan is correct and punctual"}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 , I have no hesitation in affirming this Court's earlier order.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14223398 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 The defendants' application is accordingly dismissed. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 (D.V. Fatiaki) \par }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 At Suva, \par 3rd November, 1992.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid14223398 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14223398 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6972873\charrsid6972873 Hbc0259d.92s}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10422286\charrsid6972873 \par }}