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\f65\fs24\lang1033\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp5129 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par At Suva
\par Civil Jurisdiction
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par CIVIL ACTION NO. 76 OF 1991
\par 
\par Between:
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 CAR RENTALS PACIFIC LTD.}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234\charrsid1007234 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Plaintiff/Respondent
\par 
\par - and -
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 1. JITENDRA CHAND LAL
\par 2. DINESH PRASAD}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234\charrsid1007234 
\par }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Defendants/Applicants
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par Mr. J. Howard for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. R. Chand for Mr. H.A. Shah for the Defendants
\par }{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 RULING}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par On the }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 18th of June 1991}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
 judgment in default of defence was entered against the defendants "... in the sum of $20,000 (Twenty thousand dollars) and $60 (Sixty dollars) costs".}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 At this point I observe that there was also a {\*\bkmkstart QuickMark}{\*\bkmkend QuickMark}claim for }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 '}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Loss of earnings'}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
 which has not been included in the plaintiff's sealed judgment and therefore presumably remains extant.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par 
\par Then on the }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 26th of September 1991}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  the defendants' application to set aside the default judgment was dismisse
d with costs.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 The Court delivered written reasons for its dismissal on the }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 15th of November, 1991}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 .
\par 
\par The defendants now seek a stay of execution of the default judgment pending the determination of an appeal presumably lodged against the dismissal by this Court of the defendants summons to set aside the default judgment.
\par 
\par By the }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Court of Appeal Rules}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  such an application must be made in the first instance to the High Court [}{
\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 See}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 :}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Rule 26(3)}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 ] and in such an event the Court is given an unfettered discretion to direct a stay of execution (}{
\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 See}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 :}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Rule 25}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 ).
\par 
\par It is noteworthy that no affidavit was filed by the defendants setting out grounds for seeking a stay of execution and/or annexing their }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Petition of Appeal}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 (if any)}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  as one would have expected.
\par 
\par In the result learn
ed counsel for the plaintiff not unreasonably complained at the hearing of the application that he was somewhat taken by surprise and an adjournment was granted to enable counsel to fully consider the defendants written submissions and respond in kind.

\par 
\par In his written submissions learned counsel for the defendants raised 2 }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 "grounds"}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
 in support of the application as follows}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 :}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 (1)\tab 
"... that the judgment entered against the defendants cannot be said to be regular for a simple reason; that is the plaintiff's claim was not based on a liquidated amount;"
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par }{\i\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 and}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 (2)\tab "that the execution of (the) judgment could have serious consequences.}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 A default in payment upon a Judgment Debtor Summons could see him in prison;}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }
{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 non payment of the judgment sum could see him in a Bankruptcy Petition and Writ of Fifa."}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par The first, }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 (if I understood learned defence counsel's argument)}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  is a }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 '}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 ground of appeal' and is based on the wording of Order 13 Rules 1 and 10 of the }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 High Court Rules}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 .}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Learned counsel for the plaintiff however submits that its claim is based on a }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 '}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 liquidated amount'}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  having regard to the meaning of the phrase in Order 6 Rule 2 of the }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 High Court Rules}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 .
\par 
\par It is unfortunate that this issue was not first raised in this Court as a ground for setting aside the default judgment 
but in any event it would be improper for this Court at this stage to pre-empt in any way the arguments of counsel or indeed the decision of the Court of Appeal on the matter.
\par 
\par Suffice to say that this ground appears to raise an arguable point of some merit having regard to the judgment of the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
Motor Corporation and 2 Others v. Rajendra Prasad and Vimal Prasad}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 , }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Civil Appeal No. 12 of 1984}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  in which the Court in orally setting aside a default judgment entered for }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 "liquidated damages"}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  for the value of a car and for lost income, said at p.2 }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 (of the cyclostyled judgment)}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 :}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
"We were told from the bar by Mr. Morgan that counsel instructed by him was in attendance with witnesses to contest the amounts claimed but the judge seems to have treated these two items as liquidated sums.}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 If this was so he was clearly wrong.}{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 They required proof and if judgment had been entered (and we do not believe it was), then we would allow the appeal."}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par The defendant's second ground touches on a matter which has long been recognised is a relevant factor in}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
considering of whether or not to stay execution of a judgment and which is that }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
"when a party is appealing, exercising his undoubted right of appeal, the court ought to see that the appeal, if successful, is not rendered nugatory ..." }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 [}{
\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 See}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 :}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  }{
\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Wilson v. Church}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  (1879) 12 Ch.D.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14031783  }{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 459.]
\par 
\par Learned counsel for the respondent on the other hand submits that the plaintiff company is a substantial local corporation with a strong financial background which would enable it to refun
d any monies received from the defendants in the event that they should succeed in their appeal.
\par 
\par Conversely in my view, the plaintiff company is more able to forego the }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 "fruits of its success"}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
 than perhaps an uninsured self-employed taxi driver could.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Fur
thermore the plaintiff company does not claim or appear to have suffered any untoward prejudice from its inability to execute its judgment up till now.
\par 
\par Needless to say if execution were allowed to proceed or continue then the serious consequences to the liberty of the defendants so vividly outlined in the submission of learned counsel for the defendants could well eventuate.}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234  }{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 It need hardly be said that the occurrence of such an event would be irreversible even if their app}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 eal should eventually succeed.}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par 
\par I have also considered the alternative argument of counsel for the plaintiff that this court has power to vary the default judgment to one }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1007234 '}{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 for damages to be assessed'}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  but mindful that the plaintiff itself was responsible for the original form of the default
 judgment and having regard to the defendants grounds of appeal such a course would be inappropriate.
\par 
\par In all the circumstances in seeking as best I can to balance the competing interests of the parties and bearing in mind the principles enunciated by the Fiji Court of Appeal in }{\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
K.R. Latchan Bros Ltd. v. Sunbeam Transport and 2 Others}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 Civil Appeal Nos. 45, 51, 57}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  and }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 61}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  of }{
\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 1983}{\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
, I grant the defendants application and order a stay of execution of the default judgment entered in this matter on the }{\i\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 18th of June, 1991}{
\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234  pending the final determination of the defendants Appeal.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 (D.V. Fatiaki)
\par }{\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 JUDGE}{\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1007234 {\b\f0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4135103\charrsid1007234 
\par At Suva,
\par 6th March, 1992.
\par }}