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\par At Suva
\par Civil Jurisdiction
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par CIVIL ACTION NO. 90 OF 1991
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300\charrsid162300 Between}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 :
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 FATEH MOHAMMED
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 s/o Sher Mohammed
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300\charrsid162300 Plaintiff
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par - and -
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 1.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
RAM SINGH
\par 2.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 VIJEN SINGH
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300\charrsid162300 both sons of Ram Chandar Singh}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300\charrsid162300 Defendants
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\par Mr. M. Raza for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. R. Chand for the Defendants
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 RULING}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
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\par This is an application for a stay of execution pending an appeal against the decision of}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  Jayaratne J.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  on a }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Section 169 Land Transfer Act}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  application for vacant possession of a block of land in Tailevu.
\par 
\par The learned judge considered the counter-vailing claims of the parties to the block of land and entered judgment for the plaintiff with costs on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  17th of July 1991}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 .
\par 
\par In the course of his 3 page judgment the learned judge said}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  (after holding that the plaintiff was a bona fide purchaser for value)}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par 
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"There are no triable issues arising on the proprietary title of the land and/or}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 in the occupation of it by the Defendants.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 There are issues but they are not triable ones to shift the case to an open court forum."}{
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\par What those non-triable }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 "issues"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 were is not entirely clear but in any event in so far as the defendants alleged that a }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
fraud'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  had been perpetrated on them, the learned judge found that }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
"... the plaintiff cannot in any way be (sic) linked to that"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 .}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  22nd of August}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  the plaintiff obtained a }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Writ of Possession}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  and on the same day the defendants filed their }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Notice of Appeal}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  against the Court's decision setting out 4 grounds of appeal complaining of the following errors by the learned trial judge}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 (a)" ... not evaluati
ng all the evidence contained in the affidavit of Ram Singh and Vijen Singh before making an order for vacant possession;
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
(b)" ... making the order for vacant possession when there were triable issues and thereby failed to apply his discretion judiciously;
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
(c)" ... not considering the effect of Section 172 of the Land Transfer Act which applied to the case, especially when there was a specific allegation of fraud; and 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
(d)" ... hearing argument on the Summons dated the 4th day of February, 1991 when in fact the order for vacant possession made on the 15th day of March, 1991 had not been set aside."}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid162300 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par If I may say so this last ground }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 (d)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 is an exceeding technical one based as it is on the absence of a formal order setting aside an earlier order of the Court granting the plaintiff's application in default of any affidavit or appearance by the defendants or their counsel.
\par 
\par Needless to say the defendants themselves had sought to set aside the default order and to have the substantive application heard on its merits as it subsequently was done}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  inter partes}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  by}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  Jayaratne J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  on the 13th of June.
\par 
\par It is inappropriate at this stage and on this application to say anything more on the defendants grounds of appeal and this Court will refrain from so doing.
\par 
\par Learned counsel for the defendants in his submissions summarised the defendant's claim to the land in the following terms}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
"They were in occupation and possession of the land for almost 20 years.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
They had an alleged oral agreement with the owners of the land to purchase the land and they had made several payments to the owner's agent by way of survey fees and a deposit for the land.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 The plaintiff as a }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 neighbour' knew or ought to have known of their "interest" in the land and more particularly was himself involved in 
a fraudulent conspiracy with the owner's agent to get the land sold to him."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid162300 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par The plaintiff's claim on the other hand appeared fairly straightforward.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
It was based on his registered proprietorship of the subject land as evidenced by the }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Certificate of Title}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  and an expired }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 '}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Notice to Quit'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  properly served by his solicitors on the defendants.
\par 
\par Learned counsel for the plaintiff submitted that the defendants claim is based on a misconception.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
Their complaint}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  (if any)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  is against the vendor of the land}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  (who even at this late stage remains undisclosed)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 who they claim had reneged on an agreement to sell the land to them.}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par Although this is not a rehearing of the application two evidential matters are noteworthy, }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 the first}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  is the absence of any caveat by the defendants to protect their so-called }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 "interest"
}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  in the land and }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 the second}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 , is the absence of any affidavit in reply by the plaintiff denying any knowledge or involvement in the alleged fraudulent conspiracy between him and }{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Bal Bahadur}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  the agent of the landowners for the purpose of dealing with the land.

\par 
\par The principle to be applied in the exercise of the court's discretion in this application must be one which seeks to balance the competing interests of a successful plaintiff on the one hand and an unsuccessful de
fendant who has undoubtedly exercised his right of appeal on the other.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 The former, in obtaining the }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 fruits of his success'}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 and the latter, in ensuring that their appeal}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  (if successful)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  is not frustrated.
\par 
\par In this regard it must be noted that the plaintiff obtained a }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Writ of Possession}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  22nd of August}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 over a month after judgment had been obtained and judgment was not sealed until}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  3 weeks}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  after it had been delivered by the Court.
\par 
\par Clearly the plaintiff could have been }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 "quicker"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  in pursuing the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 fruits
 of his success'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Furthermore he could have sworn an affidavit explaining the delay and setting forth any plans}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  (if any)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  that he may have had in the further development of the land }{
\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 or}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  any exceptional prejudice that he may suffer or be suffering from his la
ck of possession.
\par 
\par The defendants on the other hand did not file their }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 Notice of Appeal}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 until after the plaintiff had sought to execute the judgment.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
They however have been the occupants of the land for the past}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300  16 years}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
 and in the absence of any contrary material, stand to be more gravely prejudiced by their eviction therefrom.
\par 
\par In all the circumstances I exercise my discretion in favour of the defendants and accordingly grant a stay of execution pending the determination of the defendants' appeal against the judgment of Jayaratne J. granting vacant possession to the plaintiff.

\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid162300 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 (D.V. Fatiaki)
\par }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 JUDGE}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid162300 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937\charrsid162300 At Suva,
\par 28th November, 1991.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11607937 
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid162300 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300 HBC0090R.91S}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid162300\charrsid162300 
\par }}