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\f2\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
\par At Suva
\par Civil Jurisdiction
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par CIVIL ACTION NO. 587 OF 1988
\par 
\par Between:
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 BASANT KAUR
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 d/o Thakur Singh}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2651555\charrsid2651555 Plaintif}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2651555 f}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2651555\charrsid2651555 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par - and -
\par 
\par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 HOUSING AUTHORITY}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid2651555\charrsid2651555 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Defendant
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\par Mr. V. Parmanandam for the Plaintiff
\par Mr. H. Nagin for the Defendant
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 RULING
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\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 This is an application for an extension of time within which to file a notice of appeal to the Court of Appeal against the decision of}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  Jayaratne J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  delivered on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  14th of January 1991}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
 in which he dismissed the plaintiff's claim and ordered immediate vacant possession to the defendant authority.
\par 
\par The Court's judgment was entered and sealed by solicitors for the defendant authority on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  24th of January 1991}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  and in terms of }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Rule 16}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  of the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  Court of Appeal Rules}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  time for appeal began to run from that date and expired on or about the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
 7th day of March 1991}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 .
\par 
\par Then on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  25th of March}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  the registry issued a }{
\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Notice of Appeal}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  on behalf of the plaintiff and thereafter on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  12th of April}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  the plaintiff sought a stay of execution.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 The present application was only filed a month later on the}{
\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  15th of May}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
 with an affidavit sworn by a clerk in the plaintiff's solicitor's office deposing to the fact that the }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Notice of Appeal}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  issued on the 20th of March had been lodged on the 11th of March.
\par 
\par I note at once that even without deciding the truth of that assertion the plaintiff's }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Notice of Appeal}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  would in any event have been lodged out of time.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Needless to say the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "sequence"}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  adopted by the plaintiff in filing her papers and applications after judgment was delivered, was quite irregular and ought not to have been entertained.
\par 
\par Be that as it may the defendant authority has filed an affidavit opposing the present application and deposing to the fact that}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
"The Plaintiff has already vacated the shop premises in question and the appeal would be an academic exercise."}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 At the hearing of the application counsel for the plaintiff}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
 (who did not appear at the trial)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  confirmed this latter fact and withdrew the application of the plaintiff seeking a stay of execution pending appeal.
\par 
\par In somewhat similar factual circumstance}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  Lord Bridge}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  said, in dismissing an appeal}
{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  (without a hearing on its merits)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  before the House of Lords in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Ainsbury v. Millington}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  (1987) 1 WL 379}{
\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 , }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 at p. 381:}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 

\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1531942 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "It has always been a fundamental feature of our judicial system that the c
ourts decide disputes between the parties before them; they do not pronounce on abstract questions of law where there}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  is no dispute to be resolved.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par I turn next to consider the plaintiff's present application and in particular learned counsel's submissions that the }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Notice of Appeal}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  raises substantial issues of law and the absence of any prejudice to the defendant authority in granting the plaintiff leave to appeal out of time.
\par 
\par As to the first it is inappropriate for this court at this stage to seek to del
ve into the merits of the appeal other than to record that having read the judgment in question there is some support for the defendant authority's assertion in it's affidavit that}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1531942 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "The judgment in this matter is basically on the credibility of witnesse
s and the plaintiff is therefore}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  unlikely to succeed on appeal.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par I make the additional observation that the grounds of appeal numbered 6 to 9 raises issues that were only obliquely referred to in the plaintiff's pleadings, evidence or written submissions before the trial judge.
\par 
\par In }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Kenneth John Hart v. Air Pacific Ltd.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Civil Appeal No. 23 of 1983}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
 the full court of the Fiji Court of Appeal in refusing leave to appeal out of time in that case approved of a statement of principle in the judgment of the New Zealand Court of Appeal in }{
\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Avery v. Public Service Appeal Board}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  (No.2)}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  (1973) 2 NZLR 86}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  }{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 where}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  Richmond J.}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  said at }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 p.91}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 :
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1531942 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
"When once an appellant allows the time for appealing to go by then his position suffers a radical change.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Whereas previously he was in a position to appeal as of right, he now becomes an applicant for a grant of indulgence by the Court.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
The onus rests upon him to satisfy the Court that in all the circumstances the justice of the case requires that he be given an opportunity to attack the judgment from which he wishes to appeal.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "}{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 and later in that same judgment the learned judge said at }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 p.92}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  (when dealing with the question of delay)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1531942 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
"No doubt there may be many cases where this type of argument might prevail upon the Court to grant leave.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Clearly however the Court is not restricted to such consideration.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 The rules do not provide that the Court may grant leave if satisfied that no material prejudice has been caused by the failure to appeal in time ... "}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par Learned Counsel for the defendant authority also referred to the case of }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 Revici v. Prentice Hall Incorp and Others}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 (1969) 1 ALL E.R. 772}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  in which it was held}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 :}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1531942 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "(1)}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 \tab }
{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 the rules of the court must be observed and it mattered not that the plaintiff has offered to pay the costs and that no injustice would be done to the other side; and 

\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1531942 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 (2)}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942 \tab }{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 if there was non compliance with the rules it must be explained; and prima facie if no excuse was offered no indulgence should be granted.}{
\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1531942  }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 "}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par In this latter regard the affidavit in support of the motion which surprisingly is provided by the plaintiff's solicitor's clerk baldly deposed that the defendant}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  (sic)
}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555  was overseas, but, as the defendant authority's affidavit correctly observed, her sons acted on her behalf throughout the proceedings and their failure in 
this material instance remains unexplained.
\par 
\par Having carefully considered the opposing affidavits and the submissions of learned counsels for the plaintiff and the defendant authority and mindful of the fundamental principles that guide the Court in the exe
rcise of its discretion I do not consider that this is a proper case where justice requires that leave to appeal be granted and the application is accordingly dismissed.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid401507 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 (D.V. Fatiaki)
\par }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 JUDGE
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2651555 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid2651555 
\par At Suva,
\par 16th August, 1991.
\par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid401507 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16081047 HBC0587D}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16081047\charrsid16081047 .88}{
\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16081047 S}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid9400854\charrsid16081047 
\par }}