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)}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12714342 \f2\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par At Suva \par Civil Jurisdiction \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 Civil Action No. 139 of 1991 \par \par Between: \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 SHARDA NAND \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 s/o Mani Ram \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930\charrsid12714342 Plaintiff}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930\charrsid12714342 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 and \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 IAN RODERICK CAMPBELL CHUTE}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930\charrsid12714342 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid12714342 \par Mr. J. Singh for the Plaintiff \par Mr. D. Jamnadas for the Defendant \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 RULING \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 In this application the defendant seeks to set aside a default judgment sealed by the plaintiff's solicitors on the}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 4th of April 1991}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 for a sum of }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 $27,060}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 together with interest calculated up}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7228097 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 to the date of payment. \par \par The action was first begun by a }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Writ of Summons}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and Statement of Claim filed on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 28th of February 1991}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and served on the defendant on the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 5th of March 1991}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 .}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 By an }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Acknowledgment of Service}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 dated the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 12th of March 1991}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 the defendant's solicitors clearly advised that the action would be defended.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 It further advised that the defendant intended: }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "... to apply for a stay of execution against any judgment entered by the plaintiff."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par \par On the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 3rd of April}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 barely 3 weeks after the acknowledgment of service was filed the plaintiff's solicitors searched for a defence and there being none entered by the defendant default judgment was obtained. \par \par A further 3 weeks expired before the defendant's solicitor filed this present application together with an affidavit annexing various correspondence in the matter and a proposed }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Statement of Defence}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Counterclaim}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 . \par \par In reply the plaintiff has sworn and filed an affidavit dated the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 16th of May}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 in which he has attempted to }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 answer and/or explain'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 each paragraph of the defendant solicitor's affidavit and proposed Statement of Defence and Counterclaim. \par \par From the affidavits it is clear that this action is based on 2 agreements entered into between the parties in }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 1988}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 1989}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 in which the plaintiff was employed in the defendant's company initially as }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 general manager'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and then as }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 management consultant'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 on various terms and conditions. \par \par These agreements dated the}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 28th of March 1988}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 26th of March 1989}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 respectively, form }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Annexures}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I' }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 II'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 to the plaintiff's affidavits of the 16th of May. \par \par So far as relevant for present purposes }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Clause 6}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 of the }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 principal agreement'- B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 ' }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I'}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (to adopt the plaintiff's expression)}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 provided for a fixed monthly payment to the plaintiff of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 $2,255}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 per month by way of remuneration.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Then }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Clause 6}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 of the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 supplementary agreement'- B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 II'}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (again to adopt the plaintiff's expression)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 added a }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 termination clause'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 which provided that the agreement between the parties}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 :}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "..... }{ \b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 may}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 be terminated, \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (a)}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 at any time}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 by Chute giving notice to Nand and paying in full the balance of the remuneration due under the s aid agreement and the debt due to Flour Mills (South Pacific) Limited standing at $8,017 as at this day .... }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 OR}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (b)}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 at any time}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 by mutual consent on terms and conditions mutually acceptable and agreed to in writing.}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par It is noteworthy that there was no similar}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (or indeed any)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 termination clause'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 in Agreement }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 however the plaintiff's claim is based primarily on an alleged breach of the above }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Clause 6(a)}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 , in particular, that aspect of the clause which required payment in full of the balance of remuneration due to the plaintiff under clause 6 of Agreement }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 upon the defendant giving the plaintiff notice of termination. \par \par Learned Counsel for the plaintiff submitted that Clause 6(a) governed the present circumstances of the case and hence the defendant was contractually obliged to pay the balance of the remuneration due under Agreement }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Counsel boldly argued that }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Clause 6(a)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 governed }{ \f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 any }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 termination of the agreement between the parties.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 In particular, the clause envisages both a unilateral terminatio n of the agreement by the defendant and termination by mutual agreement. \par \par Indeed plaintiff's counsel went so far as to suggest that there was no other way in which the agreement could be terminated by the defendant and even where the plaintiff was in breach of the agreement the defendant was contractually obliged under }{ \b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Clause 6(a)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 to pay the sums enumerated should he wish to terminate the agreement. \par \par Counsel for the defendant not unnaturally disagrees.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 The Clause counsel submits uses the word }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "may"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and not }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "shall"}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and in any event the obligation upon the defendant is }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 " ...}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 to pay in full the balance of the remuneration }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 due}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 ... "}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (my emphasis)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 .}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Counsel submits this being an }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 employment contract'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 if the plaintiff is in breach of its terms then remuneration is neither }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "payable"} {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 nor}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "due"}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and accordingly there is nothing to be paid to the plaintiff}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (}{ \b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 see}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 :}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 paras 5 and 6 of the proposed }{\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Statement of Defence}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 )}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 . \par \par To the court learned counsel for the plaintiff was obliged to concede that }{\b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Clause 6(a)}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 did not appear to cover the situation where the defendant was in breach of the agreement.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 In the event counsel submitted that whatever the cause and however justified the termination of the plaintiff's employment might be, the defendant had voluntarily contracted to}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 pay first and sue later'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7228097 for breach of contract.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par \par Counsel for the defendant submits however that the plaintiff's appointment was terminated prior to the end of the 2 year period anticipated by Agreement }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 and in any event the term of the plaintiff's tenure under Agreement }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 I'}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 had been superseded by Agreement }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 B}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 II'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 which had no specific term of tenure.}{\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 In light of the order I propose to make it is inappropriate for me to determine that issue at this stage save to observe that the marked differences of interpret ation between the parties gives rise to }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 '}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 triable issues'}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 upon which}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 viva voce}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 evidence must be taken. \par \par The principle on which the Courts act on an application of this nature is}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 :}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "....that unless and until the court has pronounced}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 a judgment upon the meri ts or by consent it is to have the power to revoke the expression of its coercive power where that has been obtained only by a failure to follow}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 any of the rules of procedure.}{ \b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 [}{ \i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 per}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Atkins L.J.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 in }{ \b\i\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Evans v. Bartlam}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (1973) 2 All E.R. 646 at 650] \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par Furthermore in }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Bula Limited v. Geelong Holdings Limited}{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Suva Civil Action No: 173 of 1977}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 .}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 The present Chief Justice in setting aside the default judgment in that case mentioned with approval: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 "... a practice (that) appears to have developed at the bar in this count ry whereby counsel for one party would as a matter of good conscience give notice to the other side of any intended step to enter judgment by default and calling upon the other side to move in the matter if he desires to defend the action."}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (}{ \b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 See}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 :}{\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 para 5 of the defendant's solicitor's affidavit.)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par Having carefully considered the various opposing affidavits and mindful of the guiding principle in the exercise of the court's unfettered discretion, I order that the default judgment entered against the defendant on 4th April 1991 be wholly set aside. \par \par By way of further directions I order that the defendant file and serve a }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 Statement of Defence}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 within }{\b\i\f0\expnd0\expndtw-2\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 14 days}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 of the date hereof and the action to follow its normal course there-after. \par \par The defendant is to pay the plaintiff's costs and disbursements lost as a result of this order. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx3969\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 (D.V. Fatiaki) \par }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 JUDGE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434\charrsid10776930 \par At Suva, \par 26th July, 1991.}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1651434 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10776930 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930 HBC0139.91S}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10776930\charrsid10776930 \par }}