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}}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 \f5\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI \par (AT SUVA) \par CIVIL JURISDICTION \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par ACTION NO. 150 OF 1989 \par \par BETWEEN: \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 CARLTON BREWERY (FIJI) LIMITED}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Plaintiff \par \par AND \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 ORANGE BUBBLE UP COMPANY (a firm) \par AND BUBBLE UP INDUSTRIES LIMITED}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Defendants \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par Mr. S.J. Stanton and \par Mr. F.S. Lateef}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 : }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 For the Plaintiff \par Dr. M.S. Sahu Khan}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 : }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 For Saizad Ahmed Shah, Prem Prasad and \par Sevolini Gata as persons named in a}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Motion for contempt of Court }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 dated}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par 16th November, 1989. \par \par Dates of Hearing}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 : }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 23rd and 24th April 1991 \par Date of Judgment}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 : }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 27th May 1991 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4680\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 JUDGMENT}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par In the Statement of Claim annexed to the Writ of Summons herein which was issued on the 4th of May 1989 the Plaintiff claims against the Defendants that it is the registered proprietor of the Trade Mark in the form of a clover leaf devised with the letters "CBF" which is embossed on bottles used by it for over 30 years in the sale of beer and ales manufactured by it.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 It alleges that the Defendants who manufacture cordials and soft drinks have wrongfully acquired and converted to their own use and passed off a s such numerous large quantities of the Plaintiff's bottles bearing its Trade Mark.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Various relief is sought by the Plaintiff against the Defendants including a declaration that the Defendants are not entitled to acquire or deal in any way with the Plainti ff's bottles without its consent, an account of the number of the Plaintiff's bottles which the Defendants have acquired and damages for conversion or illegal detention of the Plaintiff's said bottles. \par \par To date two Anton Piller Orders have been made by this Court against the Defendants, the first by Jesuratnam J. on the 3rd of May 1989 and the second by myself on the 18th of October 1989. \par \par Presently before me is a Notice of Motion dated the 16th of November 1989 for committal for contempt of Court alleged by the Plaintiff against the three persons whom I have named above and for whom Dr. Khan is appearing.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 It appears that Mr. Shah is also known as Saizad Ali the name which he was most frequently called during these proceedings and I shall refer to him by that title in the rest of this judgment.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The contempt alleged is a breach of the Anton Piller Order and Injunction which I made on the 18th of October 1989. \par \par On the 12th of December 1989 the three alleged Contemnors Pleaded "Not Guilty" to the charges but bef ore the hearing of the motion could begin, counsel for the Contemnors took a number of preliminary objections of a procedural character with which I must deal before I consider whether or not his clients are guilty of the alleged contempt.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Some of these ob jections I consider to be of a technical nature and which I will deal with comparatively shortly but others appear to me to be of more substance and which I shall consider later.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 One of these I should say at the outset has caused me considerable difficulty and involves the construction of Order 52, Rule 2 of the Rules of this Court. \par \par Technical objections have of course a legitimate place in the lawyer's armoury but because of their very nature, the Courts must always scrutinise them closely and be careful n ot to consider them in isolation but rather in relation to the whole of the evidence before the Court in a given case. \par \par In performing this function in the present case I must remind myself that it is not only the three persons charged who have rights; so t oo does the Plaintiff and, consistent with the various authorities on the subject, I regard my duty as being to ensure that the Plaintiff is not thwarted in the prosecution of these charges by unnecessarily academic and legalistic arguments whose acceptan ce by me would unfairly hinder such prosecution. \par \par Involved in this exercise must always be the paramount consideration of whether as a result of any technical failure to comply with the Rules of this Court the alleged Contemnors have suffered any prejudice.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 If I am satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that they have not, then in my judgment I can ignore such objections and proceed to the matters of more substance. \par \par With those preliminary}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 remarks I now turn to consider }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Dr. Khan's objections and the response from counsel for the Plaintiff to them.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 At the beginning it is relevant to set out Order 52, Rule 2, Sub-rules 1, 2 and 3 and Order 52, Rule 3, Sub-rules 1, 3 and 4.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 They are as follows: \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid11342442 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 O.52:}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "2(1)\tab No application for an or}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 der of committal against any }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 person may be made }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 unless leave to make such an }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 application has been granted in accordance with this}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 rule. \par \par (2)\tab An application for such}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 leave must be made ex parte }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 to a judge in chambers}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 , and must be supported by a }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 statement setting out}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 the name and description of }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 the applicant, the name, description and address of}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 the person sought to be committ}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 ed and the grounds }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 on which his co}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 mmittal is sought, and by an }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 affidavit, to be filed before the application is}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 made, verifying the facts relied on. \par \par (3)\tab The applicant must gi}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 ve notice of the application }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 for leave not later than the preceding day to the}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Registry and must at the same time lodge at the Registry copies of the statement and affidavit.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 3(1)\tab When leave has been granted under rule 2 to apply for an order of commit}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 tal, the application for the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 order must be made by motion and, unless the Court}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 granting leave has otherwise directed, there must}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 be at least 8 clear days between the service of motion and the day named therein for the hearing. \par \par (3)\tab Subject to paragraph (4), the notice of motion, accompanied by a copy of the statement and affidavit}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 in support of the appl}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 ication for leave under rule }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 2, must be served per}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 sonally on the person sought }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 to be committed. \par }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 \par (4)\tab }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Without prejudice to the powers of the court}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 or judge under Order 65, rule 4, the Court or judge}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 may dispense with service of the notice of motion}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \tab under this rule if i}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 t or he thinks it just to do }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 so." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The first objection taken by counsel for the Contemnors is that the Notice of Motion dated the 16th of Nov ember 1989 does not state in itself that I had granted the Plaintiff leave to abridge the time of service required by Order 52, Rule 3(1) from 8 clear days to 3 clear days, that leave being granted on the 14th of November 1989.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 According to counsel the mot ion should not only have referred to leave being granted to issue the present proceedings but should also have stated that leave had been granted to reduce the time.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 He relies on the case of }{\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Dawson v. Beeson}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 (1883) 22 Ch. D.504, part of the Headnote of which reads:}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442\charrsid10560313 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11342442 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "Where a party applies for special leave to serve short}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 notice of motion, he must distinctly state to the Court}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 the notice applied for is short; and the same fact must distinctly appear on the face of the notice served on the}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 other party. \par \par But in a case where short notice of a motion had been}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 irregularly applied for and}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 served, but the party served }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 had not been injured by the irregularity, the Court}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 exercised its discretion under Order LV., rule 1, and}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 disregarded the irregularity and heard the motion on the}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 merits." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I can not accept this objection because in this case the Contemnors have been served either personally or by substituted service with a copy of my Order abridging the time for service and, as such, I am satisfied they have suffered no prejudice.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 In this regard Lord Jessel, M.R. said at page 509 when referring to the then Order 59, the predecessor of our present Order 2 of the Rules of this Court: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11342442 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "Nothing can be more distinct and valuable than the first}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 rule of Order LIX., which enables the Court to do justice}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 without regard to technicalities." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 At page 510 Cotton, L.J. said: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11342442 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "I am not myself incl}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 ined to allow a party to take }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 advantage of technical objections when he has not been}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 deprived of the opportunity of defending himself." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Again in their note to Order 2, r.1(2) the authors of the 1988 Supreme Court Practice say this: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11342442 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "In most cases the way in which the Court exercises its}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 powers under O.2, r.1(2) is likely to depend on whether}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 it appears that the opposite party has suffered prejudice}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 as a direct consequence of the irregularity, but the rule}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11342442 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 is so framed as to give the Court the widest possible power to do justice." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I therefore reject this first objection. \par \par The next objection concerns service of the motion on Saizad Ali.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 It is argued that the return date on the motion was the 29th of November 1989 but that it was served by substituted service on the 30th of November 1989.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The Order which I made on the 29th of November 1989 directed service on Saizad Ali by Registered Post and further ordered that }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "this matter is adjourned for mention on 8th December 1989 at 9.00 a.m."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Counsel argues that this constitutes defective service because the Notice of Motion required Mr. Ali to appear on a date which had passed.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 What should have been do ne, argues Dr. Khan, was to amend the date on the Notice of Motion from the 29th of November to the 8th of December and so it is said Mr. Ali was unfairly prejudiced. \par \par In actual fact Mr. Ali did not appear on the 8th of December but all three Contemnors did so on the 12th of December when Dr. Khan appeared for them and they pleaded not guilty. \par \par During argument on this question I drew Dr. Khan's attention to the concluding words of my Order of the 29th November 1989 namely: }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "this matter is adjourned for ment ion on 8th December 1989 at 9.00 a.m."}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I suggested to Dr. Khan that this was surely sufficient notification to Saizad Ali that he was to appear on the 8th of December to answer the charge of contempt.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Dr. Khan did not agree and said that the expression "this matter" was ambiguous in that it could mean the matter of substituted service or the matter for contempt. \par \par I refused then and still refuse to believe that Mr. Ali could have been in any doubt in all the circumstances as to what the term }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "this matter"}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 meant.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 My Order referred to the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 ex parte}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Notice of Motion for leave to serve committal proceedings on him by substituted service and the Order directed such service.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I have no doubt that any reasonable person in the position of Mr. Ali would know that the ma tter referred to was the matter of substituted service on him and committal proceedings.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Conscious as I am of the need to ensure that an alleged Contemnor knows clearly what is being alleged against him, I also consider that the Plaintiff and the Court are entitled to assume that Mr. Ali is a person of reasonable intelligence - nothing to the contrary has been shown.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I have read the affidavit which he swore in these proceedings on the 19th of December 1990 in which he states in the first paragraph that the contents of the affidavit of Feroze Sharoff Lateef sworn on the 27th day of October 1989 and filed herein have been read and explained to him.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Nowhere in that affidavit does Mr. Ali state that he does not understand Mr. Lateef's affidavit or indeed also th e affidavits of Wayne Southwell and Apisalome Qica which he also mentions in his affidavit.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 He does say in paragraph 14 that he is confused as to the allegations against him but significantly in my view he does not say that he was under any misapprehension about the fact that he had to appear on the 8th of December to answer proceedings for contempt of Court.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Furthermore, when I arraigned the three alleged Contemnors on the 12th of December 1989 I recall explaining to them the nature of the proceedings and I have no doubt that their pleas of not guilty were made at least partly in view of the explanation of the charges which I had given them. \par \par In all matters the Courts must exercise common sense and I am satisfied that common sense as well as the fact that I consider no injustice has been done to either of the three Contemnors by the form of Notice of Motion requires me to reject this submission of Dr. Khan. \par \par I now deal with the last of what I regard as Dr. Khan's technical objections.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 He submitted that the proper way to have served the Contemnors by way of substituted service was by pre-paid registered mail.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 He referred to Section 2(5) of the Interpretation Act, Cap. 7 which mentions pre-paying and posting, by registered post an envelope containing any docume nt authorised by law to be served by post.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Dr. Khan submitted that there was no evidence that this sub-section had been complied with by the Plaintiff in that the only evidence of service by post on the Contemnor was the registered slip issued by the Post Office at the time of posting. \par \par I reject this submission because I am satisfied that service on the Contemnors has been made in accordance with Section 2(5).}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 In my view this objection has no merit whatever. \par \par Dr. Khan also argued that in any event insufficient reasons had been shown for making any order for substituted service.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 He referred me to the Guide-lines stated by the Supreme Court Practice in the note to Order 65/4/7 as relevant to the circumstances in which Orders for substituted service will normally be made. \par \par As to these guide-lines I can only say that each case must be decided on its own facts and here there was strong }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 prima facie }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 evidence that the Contemnors were deliberately evading normal personal service of the documents herein.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I accordingly also reject this submission. \par \par That then leaves the two remaining objections made by counsel for the Contemnors.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 These concern the affidavit and statement relied on by the Plaintiff in support of the motion for committal and the service of such affidavit and statement on the Contemnors, Prem Prasad and Sevolini Gata.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Both these objections in my view carry considerable weight but that taken under Order 52, Rule 2(2) has caused me the most difficulty.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The objection is simply that Order 52/2/2 requires that the affidavit stipulated by the rule must refer to the facts in the statement also required by the rule.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 It is submitted that one can only verify the facts as they appear in the statement upon which the grounds on which committal is sought are based.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 In the i nstant case counsel points out that this has not been done because the affidavit of Feroze Sharoff Lateef used in support of the motion was sworn on the 27th of October 1989 whereas the statement required by Rule 2 was not dated until the 2nd of November 1989.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Counsel argues that accordingly it was impossible for Mr. Lateef to verify by affidavit a statement which had not yet been made on the date on which he swore his affidavit and that consequently this has not complied with Order 52, Rule 2, thus renderi ng the whole application before me a nullity. In reply Mr. Stanton for the Plaintiff submits that the affidavit required by Rule 2 need not refer in any way to the statement also required by the rule.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 He says that it is a matter purely of construction of t he rule and that all that is necessary in any application for contempt of Court is for the person moving the motion to file in the Court at any time before the application is actually made, an affidavit verifying the facts relied on in that affidavit.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I ob serve here, however, that under Order 52, Rule 2(3) copies of the statement and affidavit must be lodged in the Registry no later than the day before which the application is to be made. \par \par Dr. Khan refers to the Procedural Table 1 in Atkin's Court Forms, 2nd Edition, Vol. 12, where the author summarises the steps to be taken by an applicant for committal.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Paragraphs 1 and 2 are relevant here and I shall set them out because of the view I have formed on this objection.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 They read as follows: \par \par }\pard \ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "1.\tab Applicant pre pares statement requesting leave to apply for order of committal (a). \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The statement must set out the name and description}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 of the Applicant, the name, description and address}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 of the person sought to be committed and the grounds}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 on which his committal is sought (b). \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Time: As promptly as possible (c). \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par 2.\tab Applicant or his solicitor swears affidavit in support. \par \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The affidavit must v}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 erify specifically the facts }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 relied on, and will be insufficient if it merely}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 deposes that the facts }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 alleged in the statement are }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 true (d)." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 From these two paragraphs counsel submits that the authors of this authoritative treatise obviously have no doubt that the affidavit under Rule 2 must refer to and verify specifically the fa}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 cts relied on in the statement.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par \par On the other hand counsel for the Plaintiff states that the learned authors of Atkins do not refer to an affidavit that says or even adduces or refers to by the sligh}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 t}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 est of implication that the statement is true and correct. \par \par Initially I was very attracted by Mr. Stanton's submission but in the end I have come to the conclusion that it is not correct although as a matter of pure interpretation it seems to me to have considerable force. \par \par On careful reflection however I have come to the view that Dr. Khan's submission carries more conviction.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The clear inference I draw from the two paragraphs is that the affidavit must verify specifically the facts alleged in the statement. \par \par In this view I derive some support from the remarks of Cross J., as he then was, }{\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14357565 In re B. (J.}{ \f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 A.) (An Infant)}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 , (1965) 1 Ch. 1112 at page 1120.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 In that case the Court had to consider a number of preliminary objections to a motion to commit for contempt of Court, one of these being as to the form of affidavits used in the matter and His Lordship commented on an affidavit in this case by the Contemnor in answer to those filed in support of the motion.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Part of the Contemnor's affidavit read: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "Save where otherwise therein appears I depose to the}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 matters set out in my said statement of facts of my own knowledge."}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid5209455 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par As to this Mr. Justice Cross said: \par \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid5209455 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 "I do not think that either form is very satisfactory.}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 To my mind it is better to say that "the statements in}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 the exhibited "statements are to my knowledge true" but}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I certainly do not regard the form used as so defective}{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 as to make the affidavits in any way bad." \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10560313 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I read that passage as indicating that in the view of Mr. Justice Cross the affidavit, admittedly in answer, should refer to the statement also filed by the Contemnor. \par \par In coming to this conclusion I observe as does Mr. Justice Cross that committal is a very serious matter.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 As His Lordship said earlier at page 1117, the Courts must proceed very carefully before they make an order to commit to prison.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The liberty of the subject is involved and consequently, a grea t degree of strictness must be exercised when a Court is interpreting a rule where as in the present case its proper construction raises reasonable doubts.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 It is surprising that neither counsel were able to cite to me any case in which the interpretation of Rule 2(2) has been argued.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 This is possibly becau}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid5209455 se in all previous cases }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 except perhaps the present one the affidavit and statement have always been contemporaneous; certainly that has been my own experience. \par \par Accordingly because of the doubts I have as to whether the interpretation suggested by the Plaintiff is correct, I must give the benefit of those doubts to the Contemnors and uphold their objection on this point. \par \par The last objection taken by Dr. Khan relates to service of the Statement on Prem Prasad and Sevolini Gata.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 These persons were not served with the statement, and then only by substituted service, until the 2nd day of August 1990 pursuant to leave which I gave on the 1st of August 1990.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The reason for this late service is not clear but presumably it was due to an over-sight by the Plaintiff's solicitors.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The affidavit of Jack Laddie Pickering sworn on the 1st of August 1990 in support of the motion for substituted service refers to the difficulties experienced by the Plaintiff in making perso nal service of documents and execution of the Anton Piller Order impossible.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Nevertheless Order 52, Rule 3(3) makes it clear that service of the Notice of Motion must be accompanied by a copy of the statement and an affidavit in support of the application for leave under Rule 2 unless service has been dispensed with or substituted service under Order 65, Rule 4 has been ordered.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 In my judgment, even if as here substituted}{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 service was directed, this must mean substituted service of the statement }{\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 at the same time}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 as the Notice of Motion and an affidavit in support.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Mr. Stanton stated during his submission that the reason for late service of the statement on Prasad and Gata was that rather than have the proceedings thrown out, the parties consented to an applic}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid14357565 a}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 tion for leave to serve the statement and leave was so given }{ \b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 inter-partes}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 .}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Unfortunately for the Plaintiff this claim does not accord with my own recollection of events. \par \par On the 1st of August 1990 at 1.00 p.m. I heard two }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 ex-parte }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 urgent motions by the Plaintiff.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 The first related to the substantive proceedings herein and is not relevant for present purposes but the second was for leave to serve a copy of the statement dated the 2nd of November 1989 by registered post on Sevolini Gata and Prem Prasad. \par \par The fact that leave was granted as it was in all the }{\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 ex-parte }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 motions with which I have dealt so far in this case does not preclude the Contemnors making their objections to the motion for committal on the hearing of that motion.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 This is because they could no t make their objections earlier and they thus cannot be taken as having waived their right to object previously or even by their earlier appearance in the matter.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 It is not hard to imagine the reason for Order 52, Rule 3, namely that any alleged}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4611264 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 Contemnor is entitled to know immediately and not days or even months later as here the reason why an application for his committal is being made.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 This is obviously because of the serious nature of the proceedings and the fact that, as said earlier, the liberty of the subject is in issue.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 In my judgment the failure by the Plaintiff to comply with Order 52, Rule 3(3) is also fatal to this motion in so far as it concerns Prem Prasad and Sevolini Gata. \par \par In my judgment the last two objections taken by Dr. Khan must be up held because I am not satisfied beyond any reasonable doubt that the Contemnors could not in some way have been prejudiced by the Plaintiff's failure to comply with the rules I have just discussed.}{ \f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 They should not be liable to be imprisoned without good ca use, that is cause shown according to law. \par \par Accordingly I dismiss the present motion.}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10560313 }{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 I have given careful thought to the question of costs but in all the circumstances of this case consider that the proper course is to make no order. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4611264 {\b\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 John E. Byrne \par }{\b\f0\ul\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 JUDGE}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx-720\hyphpar0\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4611264 {\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4611264 HBC0150J.89S}{\f0\expnd0\expndtw-3\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15274558\charrsid10560313 \par }}