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\linex0\headery360\footery360\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3 \pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1720941 \fs20\cf1\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1720941\charrsid11945690 NEW ZEALAND}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12672307 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12672307 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1720941\charrsid11945690 REPRINTED ACT \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1720941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11875519\charrsid11945690 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 WITH AMENDMENTS INCORPORATED] \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1720941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1720941\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 OCCUPIERS}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 LIABILITY \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307 REPRINTED AS ON 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 NOVEMBER 1982 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1720941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1720941\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 ANALYSIS \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Title \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11875519\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 . Short Title and commencement \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 2. Interpretation \par 3. Applicatio}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 n of next 2 succeeding sections \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 4. Extent of occupier}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s ordinary duty \par 5. Effect of contract on occupier}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s liability to third party \par 6. Contri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 bution between landlord and ten}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 ant as joint tortfeasors \par 7. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 O}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 ccupier}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s duty to contractual visitors \par 8. Landlord}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s liability in virtue of obligation to repair \par 9. Act not to apply to certain contracts of hire or carriage, etc. \par 10. Act to bind the Crown \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1720941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 ---------------------------------}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1720941 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid1720941\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 THE OCCUPIERS}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 LIABILITY ACT 1962 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 19}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 62, No. 31 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6183330 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 An Act to amend the law relating to the liability of occupiers and others for in}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid10898271\charrsid11945690 jury or damage resulting to per}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 sons or goods lawfully on any land or other property from dangers due to the state of the property or to things done or omitted to be done there \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 [}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 28 November 1962}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15233472 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid15233472 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 1. Short Title and commencement}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (1) This Act may be cited as the Occupiers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 ' }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15233472 Liability Act}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 1962. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) This Act shall come into force on the 1st day of January 1963. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 This Act is in force in Niue; see s. 696 of the Niue Act 1966. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 2. Interpretation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "Premises" includes land;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Structure}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 includes any vessel, vehicle, or aircraft. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15233472 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occu}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 piers' Liability Act 1957, s. 1}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 (3)(a) (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6183330 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid6183330\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 As to a leased are}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 a, see }{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 S.R. 1964/207/23.}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 A leased or licensed area under the Marine Farming Act 1971 is deemed to be }{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 premises}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 for the purpose of this Act. See s. 40(1) of that Act. Certain persons in a leased area or prohibited navigation area under the M}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid15233472 arine Farm} {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 ing Act 1971 may be deemed visitors for the purposes of this Act. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 See also s. 14 of the Unit }{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Titles Act 1972. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx2448\tx5184\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 3. Application of next 2 succeeding sections}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (1) The rules enacted by sections 4 and 5 of this Act shall have effect, in place of the rules of the common law, to regulate the duty which an occupier of premises owes to his visitors in his capacity as an occupier in respect of dangers due to the state of the premises or to things done or omitted to be done on them. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) The rules so enacted shall regulate the nature of the duty imposed by law in consequence of a person}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s occupation or control of premises and of any invitation or permission he gives, or is to be treated as giving, to another to enter or use the premises, but they shall not alter the rules of the common law as to the persons on whom a duty is so imposed or to whom it is owed; and accordingly for the purpose of the rules so enacted the persons who are to be treated as an occupier and as his visitors are the same as the persons who would at common law be treated as an occupier and as his invitees or licensees. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (3) Subject to the provisions of section 9 of this Act, t he rules so enacted in relation to an occupier of premises and his visitors shall also apply, in like manner and to the like extent as the principles applicable at common law to an occupier of premises and his invitees or}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 licensees would apply, to regulate-}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (a) The obligations of a person occupying or having control over any fixed or movable structure; and \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (b) The obligations of a person occupying or having control over any premises or structure in respect of damage to property, including the property of persons who are not themselves his visitors. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12976508 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16018573 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 1 (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 As to the liability of an occupier of land which is a walkway, see s. 24 of the New Zealand Walkways Act 1975. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 4. Extent of occupier}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s ordinary duty}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (1) An occ upier of premises owes the same duty (in this Act referred to as the common duty of care) to all his visitors, except so far as he is free to and does extend, restrict, modify, or exclude his duty to any visitor or visitors by agreement or otherwise. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) The common duty of care is a duty to take such care as in all the circumstances of the case is reasonable to see that the visitor will be reasonably safe in using the premises for the purposes for which he is invited or permitted by the occupier to be the re. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (3) The circumstances relevant for the present purpose include the degree of care, and of want of care, which would ordinarily be looked for in such a visitor. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (4) In determining whether t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 he occupier of premises has dis}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 charged the common duty of care to a visitor, regard is to be had to all the circumstances. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (5) Where damage is caused to a visitor by a danger of which he had been warned by the occupier, the warnin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 g}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\super\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 is not to be treated without more as absolving the occupier from liability, unless in all the circumstances it was enough to enable the visitor to be reasonably safe. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (6) Where damage is caused to a visitor by a danger due to the faulty execution of any work of construction, reconstruction, demolition, maintenance, repair, or other like op eration by an independent contractor employed by the occupier, the occupier is not to be treated without more as answerable for the danger if in all the circumstances he had acted reasonably in entrusting the work to an independent contractor and had take n such steps (if any) as he reaso}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid16018573 nably ought in order to satisfy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 himself that the contractor was competent and that the work had been properly done. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (7) The common duty of care does not impose on an occupier any obligation to a visitor in respect of risks willingly accepted as his by the visitor. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (8) Where the occupier fails o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 r neglects to discharge the com}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 mon duty of care to a visitor, and the visitor suffers damage as the result partly of that fault and partly of his own fault, the provisions of the Contributory Negligence Act 1947 shall }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 apply}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (9) For the purposes of this section, persons who enter premises for any purpose in the exercise of a right conferred by law are to be treated as permitted by the occupier to be there for that purpose, whether they in fact have his permission or not}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13320721 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 2 (U.K.) \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 5. Effect of contract on occupier}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s liability to third party}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (1) Where an occupier of premises is bound by contract to permit persons who are strangers to the contract to enter or use the premises, the common duty of care which he owes to them as his visitors cannot be restricted or excluded by that contract, but (subject to any provision of the contract to the contrary) shall include the duty to perform his obligation s under the contract, whether undertaken for their protection or not,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 so far as those obligations go beyond the obligations otherwise involved in the common duty of care. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4457880 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) A contract shall not by virtue of this section have the effect, unless it express ly so provides, of making an occupier who has taken all reasonable care answerable to strangers to the contract for dangers due to the faulty execution of any work of construction, reconstruction, demolition, maintenanc}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 repair, or other like operation by persons other than himself, his servants, and persons acting under his direction and control. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (3) in this section the expression }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 stranger to the contract}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 means a person not for the time being entitled to the benefit of the contract as a party to it or as the successor by assignment or otherwise of a party to it, and accordingly includes a party to the contract who has ceased to be so entitled. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4457880\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (4) Where by the terms or conditions governing any tenancy (including a statutory tenancy which does not in la w amount to a tenancy) either the landlord or the tenant is bound, though not by contract, to permit persons to enter or use premises of which he is the occupier, this section shall apply as if the tenancy were a contract between the landlord and the tena nt. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (5) This section, so far as it prevents the common duty of care from being restricted or excluded, applies to contracts entered into and tenancies cre}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 ated before the date of the com}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 mencement of this Act, as well as to those entered into or created on o r after that date; but, so far as it enlarges the duty owed by an occupier beyond the common duty of care, it shall have effect only in relation to obligations which are undertaken on or after that date or which are renewed by agreement (whether expressed or implied) on or after that date.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13320721 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 3 (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 6. Contribution between landlord and tenant as joint tortfeasors}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (1) Where a landlord is the occupier of any part of any premises that is used}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 by a tenant, and damage is suf}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 fered by a visitor to that part of the premises as a result of the fault of the landlord and of the tenant, and the tenant would, if sued, have been liable to the visitor in respect of the damage, the landlord shall hav}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 e the same right to recover con}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 tri bution, under paragraph (c) of subsection (1) of section 17 of the Law Reform Act 1936, from the tenant as if the tenant were a joint occupier of that part of the premises. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) Where a tenant is the occupier of any part of any premises, and damage is suffered by a visitor to that part of}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 the premises as a result of the fault of the tenant and of the landlord, and the landlord would, if sued, have been liable to the visitor in respect of the damage, the tenant shall have the same right to recover contribut}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 ion, under paragraph (c) of sub}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 section (1) of section 17 of the Law Reform Act 1936, from the landlord as if the landlord were a joint occupier of that part of the premises. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (3) For the purposes of this section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11868740 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Landlord}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 includes both an immediate and a superior landlord: \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11868740 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Tenant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 includes a person occupying premises under a statutory tenancy which does not in law amount to a tenancy, or under any contract conferring a right of occupation; and also includes a subtenant. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11868740 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 7. Occupier}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '} {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s duty to contractual visitors}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 (1) Where per}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 sons enter or use, or bring or send goods to, any premises in exercise of a right conferred}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 on them by contract with a per}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 son occupying or having control of the premises, the duty he owes them, in his capacity as occupier, in res pect of dangers due to the state of the premises or to things done or omitted to be done on them shall be the common duty of care, except so far as a contrary intention is expressed in the contract; and the provisions of subsections (2) to (8) of section 4 of this Act shall apply accordingly. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) in determining whether in any such case the occupier has discharged the common duty of care, so far as it is applicable, the existence and nature of the contract shall be included in the circumstances to which reg ard is to be had under section 4 of this Act. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (3) Subject to the provisions of section 9 of this Act, this section shall apply to fixed and movable structures as it applies to premises. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (4) This section does not apply to contracts entered into before the commencement of this Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13320721 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 5}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 (1), (2), (4) (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11868740 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7734614 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 8. Landlord}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '} {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s liability in virtue of obligations to repair}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 - }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (1) Where premises are occupied by any person under a tenancy which puts on the landlord an obligation to that person for the maintenance or repair of the premises, the landlord shall owe to all persons who or whose goods may from time to time be lawfully on the premises the same duty, in respect of dangers arising from any default by him in carrying out}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 that obligation, as if}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4012982\charrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 he were an occupier of the premises and those persons or their goods were there by his invitation or permission but without any contract. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11868740 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11868740\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (2) Where premises are occupied under a subtenancy, subsection (1) of this section shall apply to a ny landlord of the premises (whether the immediate or a superior landlord) on whom an obligation to the occupier for the maintenance or repair of the premises is put by the subtenancy, and for that purpose any obligation to the occupier which the subtenan cy puts on a mesne landlord of the premises, or is treated by virtue of this provision as putting on a mesne landlord, shall be treated as put by it also on any landlord on whom the mesne landlord}{ \fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 s tenancy puts the like obligation towards the mesne landlord. \par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\cf0\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (3) For the purposes of this section, where premises comprised in a tenancy (whether occupied under that tenancy or under a subtenancy) are put to a use not permitted by the tenancy, and the landlord of whom they are held under the tenancy is not debar red by his}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 acquiescence or otherwise from objecting or from enforcing his objection then no person or goods whose presence on the premises is due solely to that use of the premises shall be deemed to be lawfully on the premises as regards that landlord or any superior landlord of the premises, whether or not they are lawfully there as regards an inferior landlord. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (4) For the purposes of this section, a landlord shall not be deemed to have made default in carrying out any obligation to the occupier of the premises unless his default is such as to be actionable at the suit of the occupier or, in the case of a superior landlord whose actual obligation is to an inferior landlord, his default in carrying out that obligation is actionable at the suit of the inf erior landlord. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (5) This section shall not put a landlord of premises under a greater duty than the occupier to persons who or whose goods are lawfully on the premises by reason only of the exercise of a right of way. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (6) Nothing in this section shall relieve a landlord of any duty which he is under apart from this section. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11945690 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (7) For the purposes of this section, obligations imposed by any enactment in virtue of a tenancy shall be treated as imposed by the tenancy; and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 tenancy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 includes a statutory tenancy which does not in law amount to a tenancy, and includes also any contract conferring a right of occupation; and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 landlord}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 shall be construed accordingly. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 (8) This section applies to tenancies created before the commencement of this Act, as well as to those created after its commencement.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13320721 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 4 (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 9.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Act not to apply to certain contracts of hire or carriage, etc.}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690 }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 This Act shall not apply to the obligations of any person under or by virtue of any contract for the h ire of, or for the carriage for reward of persons or goods in, any vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or other means of transport, or und}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690 er or by virtue of any contract}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 of bailment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13320721 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 5(3) (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 10. Act to bind the Crown}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690\charrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3883315\charrsid11945690 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 This Act shall bind the Crown.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4012982 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13320721 {\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Cf. Occupiers}{\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid12672307 '}{ \lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid12672307 Liability Act 1957, s. 6 (U.K.) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12075031\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4012982 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid12672307 --------------------------------}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690 ------------}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3304658\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid3304658\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3883315 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 The Occupiers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7734614\charrsid11945690 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344\charrsid11945690 Liability Act 1962 is administered in the Department of Justice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid7230344 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11945690 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690\charrsid11945690 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4012982 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid11945690 ----------------------------------------}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\langnp2057\insrsid4012982\charrsid11945690 \par }}