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{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
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\b\f0\fs22\insrsid291866 LAND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\insrsid10508155\charrsid16467146  DIVISION)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\insrsid10508155 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\insrsid7345930\charrsid16467146 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sb240\widctlpar\noline\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid4785204 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid5513132 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid3346128 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid291866 PPLICATION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid5513132  NO}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid9699731 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid5513132  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid4785204 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid16213337 /}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid4785204 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid16213337 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid4785204 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cgrid0\insrsid10508155\charrsid15814215 \cell }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid10508155\charrsid16467146 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph56\trleft-56\trkeep\trftsWidth3\trwWidth8845\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trpaddl56\trpaddr56\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid12464500\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr
\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5018\clshdrawnil \cellx4962\clvertalc\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3827\clshdrawnil \cellx8789\row }\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s21\ql \li0\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4861172 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs18\insrsid6038218\charrsid4861172 {\*\bkmkstart nam}{\*\bkmkstart nam2}{\*\bkmkstart nam3}{\*\bkmkend nam}{\*\bkmkend nam2}{\*\bkmkend nam3}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2275\li5256\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5256\itap0\pararsid8586817 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6038218\charrsid12137189 IN THE MATTER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6489426\charrsid12137189 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4861172 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 Section 390A of the Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid4861172 Act 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13832505  (NZ)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6038218\charrsid12137189 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4861172 AND
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2275\li5256\ri0\sa120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5256\itap0\pararsid8586817 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4861172\charrsid12137189 IN THE MATTER\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4861172 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 the lands known as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4785204 KAINGAVAI 49C2, TAKITUMU; TE VAIMAPIA 19, TAKITUMU; 
KURUTOKI 10H2, NGATANGIIA; NURIKI 11B, NGATANGIIA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid12137189\charrsid291866 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 AND
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\sa180\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866\charrsid12137189 IN THE MATTER\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 of an application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid727717 relating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866  Succession Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 
to MANUANGA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15863289 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 October 1933 and o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15863289 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 
 26 November 1984 and to rehear the Succession Orders to TEKURA made on 11 September 1954}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3346128\charrsid12137189 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs22\insrsid16002487 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4785204 LYNNSAY }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid727717 RONGOKEA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4785204 FRANCIS}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid291866  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid291866\charrsid291866 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9638755  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4785204 
Rarotonga, self employed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid16122573\charrsid9638755 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\qr \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid5857207\charrsid12137189 Applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid16122573\charrsid12137189 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16122573\charrsid16467146 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4538962 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3346128\charrsid12137189 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3346128 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid8473276 SIMON}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid10583692  SNOWBALL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4785204 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4538962  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4785204 
TAERO TEOE CRUMMER, TEIRONUI TEOE CRUMMER, PERIRA TEOE CRUMMER, TEOE JUNIOR TEOE CRUMMER, NGAPOKO TEOE CRUMMER, MARIA TEOE CRUMMER; URAIATA TEOE CRUMMER, TEREMOANA TEOE CRUMMER; TEREAPII TEOE CRUMMER & EMILY TEOE CRUMMER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid7345930\charrsid4538962 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\qr \fi-2268\li5245\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5245\itap0\pararsid4785204 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid3346128\charrsid12137189 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid4785204 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid3346128 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\qr \fi-1984\li4678\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4678\itap0\pararsid3346128 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid4861172 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s21\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7345930 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7345930\charrsid16467146 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \fi-2250\li2250\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2250\itap0\pararsid8586817 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6554873\charrsid11102145 Date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9638755\charrsid11102145  of Application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid11102145 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid16467146 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4785204 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9638755  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4785204 October 2016}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid16467146 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs16\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid10252545 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid726837 Appearances}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid11102145 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid3483909\charrsid11102145 Mrs T Browne }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4072485\charrsid11102145 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9638755\charrsid11102145  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid3346128\charrsid11102145 Applicant
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2610\li2610\ri0\widctlpar\tx2250\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2610\itap0\pararsid15863289 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid3346128\charrsid3346128 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid3483909 Mr T Moore as agent f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid3346128\charrsid3346128 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9638755  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10882060 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid3483909 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14306404\charrsid3346128  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13832505 imon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11102145 Snowball & T}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 eremoana Teoe Crummer @ Theresa }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11102145 Samuel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14306404 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2610\li2610\ri0\widctlpar\tx2250\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2610\itap0\pararsid15992765 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15992765 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11102145 Mrs T Carr for Respondents M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13177229 aria}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289  Teoe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11102145  Crummer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13177229 
 and Tereapii Teoe Crummer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11102145  and Objector E Short
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li2250\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2250\itap0\pararsid15863289 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 No appearance for remaining respondents}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289\charrsid3346128 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2250\li2250\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2250\itap0\pararsid8586817 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs10\insrsid5068698\charrsid4861172 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-91\li91\ri0\sa180\widctlpar\tx2232\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin91\itap0\pararsid10252545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 Date of Land\line  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 Division Report:\tab 30 October 2020 (NZT)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2250\li2250\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2250\itap0\pararsid10252545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11102145 Date of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14766430 Substantive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2251\li2251\ri0\sa180\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2251\itap0\pararsid10252545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14766430  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid727717\charrsid11102145 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid727717\charrsid727717 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5846622\charrsid5846622 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13918789\charrsid5846622  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9124066 April}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13266976  2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid727717 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-2250\li2250\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2250\itap0\pararsid8586817 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14766430 Date of Costs Judgment
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 :\tab     25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14766430  August 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid14766430\charrsid16467146 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa120\keep\keepn\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp20 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1188904 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs14\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid16467146 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4527999 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid727717  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4527999\charrsid16467146 OF }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4199906\charrsid4199906 
HUGH WILLIAMS, CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4527999 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2249485 (re Costs)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2249485\charrsid16467146 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\brdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp20 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7882435 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4199906\charrsid4160819 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5857207 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15863289 1}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2249485 55}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5857207 .dss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4199906\charrsid4160819 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf6\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid70178\charrsid4160819 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb640\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5846622 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2249485 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid15336517\charrsid15336517 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2249485 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 The substantive judgment delivered on 19 April 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  dismissing the application brought by Ms Francis under s 390A of the Cook Islands Act 1915 (NZ)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid2249485 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid10252545 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid2249485 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2249485 At [63].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  that if costs were sought memorand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 
 may be filed and set a timetable for that aspect of the matter.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2249485 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}Mr Moore, acting for two respondents }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 as }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 shown in the intituling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  filed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022  full}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2249485  submissions on costs on 3 June 2021 on behalf of himself and Mrs Carr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 . She acted for two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 other }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 
respondents }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 shown in the intituling and an objector and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 materially 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 assisted Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 Moore in the conduct of the ultimately successful defence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid726837  Indeed, it appears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 from the transcript and the other documents filed in the case that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 she bore the main brunt of the defence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid490814 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-567\li567\ri-99\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin-99\lin567\itap0\pararsid10252545 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid490814 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid490814 Mrs Carr has \'93superior knowledge and skills when it comes to papa\rquote anga\'94: Moore submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid490814  at 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485   Recovery at }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 indemnity rates was sought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid726837 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid10252545 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid726837 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid726837 Moore submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid726837  at 46 & 58}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837  for part of the costs with, in the alternative, recovery at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 66}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 %}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  Mr Moore\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 sole }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 invoice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022  for}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  $3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 601}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  and Mrs Carr
\rquote s first invoice of $3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 250}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  with recovery sought at 80}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 %}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  of Mrs Carr\rquote s second invoice for $5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 850 and 100}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837 %}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  of her third of $4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 750}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid726837 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid10252545 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid726837 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid726837  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid726837 All those sums are exclusive of VAT \endash  indeed Mrs Carr\rquote s invoices omitted VAT \endash  but Court\rquote s costs awards are VAT or GST neutral: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid726837 New Zealand Venue & Event Management v Worldwide NZ LLC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid726837 [2016] NZCA 282}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2249485 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}Mrs Browne, counsel for the applicant, in submissions filed on 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid2249485  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 August 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 , took the position}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 
 that costs should lie where they fall and, in the alternative, that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 total}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  of the costs sought were excessive and no part of the c
onduct of these proceedings justified an order for indemnity costs.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2249485 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}This judgment deals with those issues.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10252545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2249485\charrsid2783080 Principles
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2249485 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 ection}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 
 92 of the Judicature Act 1980-81 gives the Court discretion to make such orders for costs as it considers just, a broad discretion which is confirmed by R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 
300 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1981.  Naturally, many factors affect both whether costs should be awarded and, if so, in what amount}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 
 but it is generally recognised that an award of party and party costs is to impose on an unsuccessful party an obligation to make a reasonable contribution towards the costs reasonably and properly incurred by the successful party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 , having}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  regard t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  the nature}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288  and}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  course of the proceeding and the amounts actually charged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid2249485 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid859757 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid2249485 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2249485\charrsid10183107 
Morton v. Douglas Homes Limited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2249485  (No.2), [1984]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107  2 NZLR 620.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10183107 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 Though the percentages cited are unhelpfully broad, in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10183107  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 and cases in the Cook Islands the approach is as set out in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10183107\charrsid2783080 
Maina Traders Limited v. Ngaoa Ranginui}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10183107 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid859757 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid10183107 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107\charrsid10183107 
Maina Traders Limited v. Ngaoa Ranginui}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107 , 1 February 2013, Isaac J, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid10183107\charrsid10183107 Tini v. Cook Islands Investment Corporation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 , Grice J.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  where the following appears:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li709\ri612\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin612\lin709\itap0\pararsid4870580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 [16]\tab 
It is widely accepted that costs usually follow the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4870580 event.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\super\insrsid4870580\charrsid2172855 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4870580   W}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 hile it is often stated tha
t the general starting point when assessing costs is a contribution towards two-thirds or 66% of the costs incurred by the successful party, this is somewhat contentious.  It is more useful to objectively assess the overall merits of the case, such as the
 conduct of each party, as this will directly influence the extent to which costs will be granted, as an award of costs must be reasonable, and it must also reflect costs which were reasonably incurred.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\super\insrsid4608089\charrsid2172855 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 
\par [17]\tab In the recent Cook Islands decision of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 Tini v. Cook Islands Investment Corporation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 
, Grice J favoured the cross-check approach, where costs are deemed to be an amount that falls within the range of 20-80% of a reasonable fee following consideration of a number of influencing factors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\super\insrsid4608089\charrsid2172855 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 .
\par [18]\tab These factors were set out in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 Holden v. Architectural Finishes Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 , and include, but are not limited to}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\super\insrsid4608089\charrsid2172855 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-567\li1843\ri612\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin612\lin1843\itap0\pararsid4870580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 (i)\tab 
Length of hearing (the longer the hearing, the more it is worth; but waste of time should be penalised);
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-567\li1843\ri610\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin610\lin1843\itap0\pararsid4870580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580 (ii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4870580\charrsid4870580 Amount}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580  involved (the greater the amount, the greater the responsibility and the fee warranted);
\par (iii)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4870580\charrsid4870580 Importance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4608089\charrsid4870580  of the issues to the parties }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410 
or generally (the greater the importance, the greater the demand for skill and care, a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid12664288 nd a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410  commensurate fee);}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid4608089 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410 (iv)\tab Legal and factual complexity (the more intricate and difficult the case, the greater the fee);
\par (v)\tab Time required for effective preparation (this item assumes a reasonable level of experience and competence and is not to be allowed to cover hours extended through its absence);
\par (vi)\tab Arguments advanced which lacked substance;
\par (vii)\tab Abuse of process, including collateral purpose and attrition (care is needed.  Angry allegations do not suffice:  proof rests on the party so asserting);
\par (viii)\tab Unreasonable or obdurate refusal to settle, so far as known to the Court;
\par (ix)\tab Unrealistic attitudes, or inadequate payments into Court;
\par (x)\tab Technical or unmeritorious points;
\par (xi)\tab Degree of success achieved by the parties;
\par (xii)\tab Lengthening or shortening of hearing by conduct of a party (particularly applicable where the successful party\rquote s conduct has contributed to the dispute and ultimate litigation.  Provocation should not be rewarded).\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-567\li1843\ri610\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin610\lin1843\itap0\pararsid2172855 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid10118688 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-567\li1843\ri610\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin610\lin1843\itap0\pararsid2172855 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410 _}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2172855 
________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410 ____}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid10118688 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-284\li1560\ri610\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin610\lin1560\itap0\pararsid2172855 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\super\insrsid677410\charrsid2172855 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid2172855 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid677410\charrsid10252545 Glaister v Amalgamated Dairies Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid677410\charrsid677410 
 NZCA 1/3/2004 CA 99/03 (McGrath J, Hammon J & W Young), at [9].
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\super\insrsid677410\charrsid2172855 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid677410\charrsid677410 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid677410\charrsid10252545 Glaister v Amalgamated Dairies Ltd}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid677410\charrsid677410 , at [14].}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid677410 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\super\insrsid2172855\charrsid2172855 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid2172855 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid2172855\charrsid10252545 Tini v Cook Islands Investment Corporation}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid10252545 , a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid2172855 t [16].
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\super\insrsid2172855\charrsid2172855 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid2172855 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid2172855\charrsid10252545 Holden v Architectural Finishes Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid2172855  [1997] 3 NZLR 143.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid2172855\charrsid677410 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-567\li1843\ri610\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin610\lin1843\itap0\pararsid4870580 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri610\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin610\lin0\itap0\pararsid2172855 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid677410\charrsid4870580 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12664288 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12664288 In land cases, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 
o those principles may be added the observations of the Privy Council as to the \'93special character and importance of ancestral property to the indigenous peoples of the Cook Islands which transcends any commercial significance\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 hat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  \'93the relationship between the indigenous people and their ancestral land through Tikaanga (right, authority) is an essential component of their identity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10183107 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid859757 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10183107 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107\charrsid859757 Baudinet v. Tavioni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107  [2012] UKPC 35, at [61].  See also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107\charrsid10183107 Descendants of Utanga, Arerangi Tumu v. Descendants of Iopu Tumu }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107 [2012] UKPC 35, at [2];  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107\charrsid10183107 Browne v. Munokoa }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107 [2018] UKPC 18, at [5].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 .

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10183107 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}
The principles relating to indemnity costs are usefully summarised in R 14.64 of the New Zealand High Court Rules and include parties acting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 vexat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 iously, frivo}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 lo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 usly, improperly or unnecessarily commencing, continuing or defending a proceeding,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814  plus other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  criteria not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814  currently}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  relevant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 
 but including an omnibus provision that \'93some other reason exists which justifies the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2172855 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 ourt making an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 order}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  for indemnity costs despite the principle that the determination of costs should be predictable and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 expeditious}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 
\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10252545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10183107\charrsid2783080 Course of proceedings
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10183107 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 An outline of the course taken by these proceedings appears in the int}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 
roduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  to this judgment and in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 substantive }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 judgment itself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid10183107 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid859757 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10183107 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid10183107 At [1]-[6].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 .  To that narrative should be added a note that th
e hearing of this matter in the Land Division took place on 16 and 18 July 2019 and that, following receipt of Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 x}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 head J\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 eport on 5 November 2020}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  copies of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid490814 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 eport were referred to the parties with advi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 ce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid490814 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 Chief Justice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 was minded to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 accept the recomm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 endation for dismissal of the application.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 
 An opportunity was given to the parties for further submissions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10183107 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2783080 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 It should also be noted that the respondents
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 , in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080  opposing the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 
 consistently took the stance which was ultimately successful}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490814 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080  namely that the applicant was in error in bringing the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1650515  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080  would be unable to prove to the required standard the core issue in her application, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 essential}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2783080 ly th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080  two persons name}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 
 Manuaanga were one and the same person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 The evidence led}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080  Coxhea
d J to conclude:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li706\ri590\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin590\lin706\itap0\pararsid6507226 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226 [68]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 \tab 
It is always difficult to assess historical matters in a contemporary context.  Here we are being asked to assess what happened in 1933, 1958 and 1984 from a 2020 perspective.  Evidence given at the time the order was made, by persons
 more closely related to the subject matter in both time and knowledge, is normally deemed to have been correct.  The principle of omnia praseumuntur rite esse acta (everything is presumed to have been lawfully unless there is evidence to the contrary) mu
st apply in these circumstances.  Therefore, in the absence of a patent defect in an order, there is a presumption that the order made was correct.  The burden of proof is on the applicant to rebut that proposition with clear evidence. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li709\ri590\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin590\lin709\itap0\pararsid6507226 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 [69]\tab In the present 
case, I am not persuaded on the balance of probabilities that there has been a mistake, error or omission with regard to the three succession }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226 [sic] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 the applicant seeks to overturn. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226 not 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 clear that Manuaanga in those orders is the same person who adop
ted Tepaeru A Tau.  In fact, the weight of the evidence presented to the Court suggests that these are two different Manuaanga from different genealogies, although they may have some connection through Vai.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 [In this matter, the evidence given by Tepaeru A Tau herself almost 100 years ago is to be preferred.]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\super\insrsid6507226\charrsid6507226 49}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6507226\charrsid11340095 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li709\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid6507226 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 ___________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid6507226 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\super\insrsid6507226\charrsid6507226 49}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid6507226\charrsid6507226 \tab Italicisation in original.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10252545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2783080\charrsid2783080 Submissions
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid2783080 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 Mr Moore\rquote s submissions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 
began by explaining how Mrs Carr and he had jointly participated in the defence of the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  including in the hearing before Coxhead J.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2172855 He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  submitted that the respondents\rquote  costs were reasonably incurred, particularly in Mrs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2172855 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13266758 Carr\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022  line-by-line}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  refutation of Mrs Browne\rquote s challenge to the conclusions in Coxhead J\rquote 
s Report after the same was distributed to the parties for comment.  Mr Moore submitted that Ms Francis\rquote 
 conduct put the respondents to additional costs and expense to the extent of their becoming entitled to recover indemnity or increased costs on the grounds of lack of merit of the applicant\rquote s case from the outset, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1650515 she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 hav}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  failed to recognise the weakness of her application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1650515 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2783080 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13266758 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14766430 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 Mr Moore carefully chronicled the respondents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  consistent stance in relation to the application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  including reference to a number of memoranda filed on the respondents}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  behalf.  He particularly pointed to Mrs Carr\rquote s incisive cross-examination of Ms Francis at the hearing before Coxhead J as recounted in the Judge
\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 eport and submitted that the applicant\rquote s submissions following distribution of the report amounted to an attempt to re-litigate the case}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 , something}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  not open to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14766430 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13266758 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 
Mr Moore referred to a number of decisions concerning award}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  of costs in the Cook Islands, especially in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 l}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 and cases, and to the award of indemnity costs in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13266758\charrsid14766430 George v. Teau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid13266758 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid859757 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid13266758 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid859757\charrsid859757 George v. Teau}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid859757  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid13266758 [2013] CKCA 1, 20 February 2013.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid859757 
  However}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14766430 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid859757 the facts in that case were exceptional and so unlikely to be repeated }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid14766430 tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid859757 t the case provides little precedent.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 
.  That led Mr Moore to submit that the \'93applicant in this s 390A matter has acted in a way that is reprehensible and that indemnity costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  increase}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  costs about 66}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 %}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  are appropriate\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid1650515 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid10252545 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid1650515 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1650515 Moore submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1650515  at 46}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10252545 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13266758 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid859757 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 Mrs Browne submitted that costs should lie where they fall so as not to deter applicants from bringing cases in the
 likelihood of costs being awarded against them for failure;  that the applicant believed she had an arguable case but was unable to satisfy the onus and burden of proof;  that the application was dismissed without any finding that it lacked merit;  and t
hat, as the substantive judgment said, \'93this application is almost a case study of the difficulties applicants face in s 390A matters\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid859757 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid859757\charrsid859757 Discussion and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid6507226 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid859757\charrsid859757 ecision
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid859757\charrsid859757 Should an order for costs be made against the applicant?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid859757 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 Despite Mrs Browne\rquote s submissions that co
sts should lie where they fall, there is nothing in this case to displace the ordinary rule that losing parties should be ordered to make a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 reasonable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 
contribution to the costs of the successful parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 
hough requiring painstaking investigation, preparation and presentation by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  parties, it was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 , at bottom,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  a matter where the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 s case ultimately founde}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 re}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 d on an inability to produce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  enough}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 probative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 evidence of events many years in the past}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  which was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  sufficient to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 satisfy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 the onus }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 standard of proof.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid859757 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}
True, those respondents who chose to oppose the application consistently took the view that the applicant would be unable to prove her case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 
 and pleaded that on a number of occasions, but there is nothing unusual in parties defending litigation taking the standpoint that parties initiating the litigation will fail.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid859757 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}
There is therefore justification for an award of costs being made in favour of those respondents who chose to oppose the application and the question become the level of the award}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  and who should benefit.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\keep\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6507226 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid859757\charrsid859757 
What amount of costs should be awarded?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid859757 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2249485 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 The narrative in Mr Moore\rquote 
s invoice dated 3 June 2021 to his clients for $3,601 plus VAT and disbursements ($60) shows that the invoice covers the whole period of his involvement in the application with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757  costs being calculated at $130 per hour.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid859757 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}Mrs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  Carr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid859757 \rquote s invoices are, however, unhelpful in being undated and sparing in their narrative}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 .  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12675257 invoice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  for $3250 being 25 hours at $130,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515  expressly relates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12675257  to the period prior to referral to the Land Division}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 , and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  the second}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  for $5,850 at the same hourly rate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1650515 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  is said to relate to \'93all matters relating to the 390A challenge by Ms Francis\'94 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 and also covers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  the preparation a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
 conduct of the hearing before Coxhead J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 The third,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
 dated January/February 2021 for $4,750}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid12675257 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-567\li567\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin567\itap0\pararsid6507226 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang3081\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp3081\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid12675257 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12675257 The hourly rate is not stated.}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  relate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  to the period following distribution of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 R}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 eport and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 covers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
the opportunity for submissions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid859757 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12675257 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
In the acknowledged two-step process to the calculation of costs awards, the first question is whether the costs sought were reasonably incurred.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16715804 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 
Looking first at the matter globally before factoring in any question of totality}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  or overall fairness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 , i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
n this case there must inevitably have been s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 ignificant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  duplication of effort between Mrs Carr as claimed in her invoice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16715804 s totalling $13,850}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 Mr Moore\rquote s invoice }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16715804 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  $3,601.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 
Indeed, perusing the narratives of the accounts, such as they are, and the submissions, that appears almost to be conceded.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12675257 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}It is considered that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 
, having regard to the complexities of this matter,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  an hourly charge out rate of $130 is not unreasonable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804  for agents of Mr Moore\rquote s and Mrs Carr\rquote 
s experience}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 , but if one-third of Mr Moore\rquote s invoice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 , say $1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16715804 200,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  is assumed to relate to the period prior to referral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
 as is the case with the whole of Mrs Carr\rquote s first invoice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  for $3,250}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 , an award of 50}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 %}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  of the total of $4,450 would seem to be reasonable, namely $2,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 25.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12675257 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}For the period }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  referral to conclusion of the hearing before Coxhead J, again there must be s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16715804 ignificant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  duplication between Mr Moore\rquote 
s invoice and Mrs Carr\rquote s invoice for this period of $5,850, but if $600 of Mr Moore\rquote s invoice is assumed to relate to this period and the respondents are awarded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022  66%}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430  both}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  invoice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14766430 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 the costs award for that aspect of the matter amounts to $4,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 0.  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12675257 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}An award to Mrs Carr of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406  percentage}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  recognise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
 the skilful and detailed cross-examination of the applicant which she conducted at the hearing before Coxhead, which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5317155 the transcript demonstrates,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  did much to result in the Judge\rquote s recommendation for dismissal.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12675257 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}The nature of Mrs Browne\rquote s resp
onse to the opportunity for submissions following distribution of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 eport could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 arguably }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 be characterised as an attempt to re-litigate the issues decided by Coxhead J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
 but any conclusion in that regard must be tempered by the approach to costs awards in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
and cases earlier noted.  Even though she was ultimately unsuccessful, having regard to the attitude of Cook Islanders to their interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
 in land it could not be said that Ms Francis acted vexatiously, frivolously, improperly or unnecessarily in commencing and continuing the claim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 albeit }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 in the face of the respondents\rquote  resolute opposition.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12675257 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}The application for indemnity costs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 
for the period following distribution of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 eport }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 
therefore declined.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12675257 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6507226 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 For this period, again there will }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 en major}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226  duplication with Mr Moore\rquote s costs }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 \endash  a memorandum of 10 February 2021 merely said his clients adopted Mrs Carr\rquote s submissions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 it is unhelpful that Mrs Carr has not included }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226  hourly rate in her account, but given that her submissions largely repeat the submissions she made to Coxhead J, it is considered that the appropriate allowance for this period would be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5317155 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 il for Mr Moore\rquote s participation and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 half, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 $}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 
2,375,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 of the invoice for $4,750 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6507226 for Mrs Carr\rquote s work during this period.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5317155 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 Those tentative amounts sum to $9,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155  However}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 
, costs awards need to be fair, their fairness being judged on the overall bearings of the case, and, in this case, as in many others in the Land Division, there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3750316 re numerous respondents, and all of them, represented and unrepresented, maintained a common approach to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 opposing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 the application. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 This was not a case where, as sometimes occurs, various respondents or groups of them, take differing attitudes to the claim. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 It would not be fair }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 or just }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 for respondents who choose to instruct separate
 counsel or agents to further their common cause}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 to be a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 warded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316  costs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 at the usual level }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3750316 
of their separate but common representation from the other side if that representation is successful}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 
 That is particularly the case where, as here, near-uniformity of action results.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 
 To put that point another way, multiple parties to an application, all of whom adopt a common position, should not be able to exert }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4220485 costs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3487022 
pressure on their opponents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4220485  and possibly dissuade them from continuing with their litigation, merely by each retaining separate representation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5317155 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid9401557 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8937784 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 The amounts so far tentatively awarded have recognised, to a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 lesse}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 r degree, the duplication of effort.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9401557 
 The more potent aspect so far resulting in the reductions from the costs charged has been the normal per
centages of recovery shown by the authorities. However, in this case, it is considered that a further reduction from the tentative figures is justified to allow for the duplication point}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4220485  and for fairness}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2249485 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13332438 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 In light of that, the global award of costs to the 
respondents against the applicant will be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406  set at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784  $8,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 00. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 As between Mr Moore and Mrs Carr, their accounts are roughly in the ratio of 20% charged by Mr Moore and 80% by Mrs Carr. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10252545  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 The award of costs will therefore be of $1,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 00 to Mr Moore and $6,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5911406 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8937784 00 to Mrs Carr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13332438 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10252545\charrsid2049538 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8412959 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11693548 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8412959 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4199906 Hugh Williams}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid11693548 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4199906 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid11693548 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10295518 
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