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\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8470844 
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\insrsid16125853 399(3), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1212348 446 and 448 of the Cook Islands Act 1915}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8470844 AND
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{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 the land known as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089121 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\qj \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid15946299 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 BETWEEN\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid11950610 
ELLENA TAVIONI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8470844  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610 on behalf of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089121 successors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610 of Makea Takau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid14173237\charrsid14173237 Applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid4804884\charrsid14173237 
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid15946299 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 AND\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid11950610 
THE COOK ISLANDS CHRISTIAN CHURCH INCORPORATED OF AVARUA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9779388 First }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid14173237\charrsid14173237 Respondent}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid4804884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid11950610\charrsid14173237 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid4804884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610 AND\tab CAROLINE TUPOU BROWNE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4804884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid11950610 Second Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11950610\charrsid11950610 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s18\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx567\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16125853 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3212973 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853\charrsid8470844 Application No:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853  441/15
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\qj \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid16125853 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 IN THE MATTER\tab of section 416}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3111847  and 421}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853  of the Cook Islands Act 1915}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3111847 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853  and section 3 of the Declaratory Judgments Act 1994
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid16125853 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 
\par AND
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\qj \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid16125853 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 IN THE MATTER:\tab of the land known as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4089121 TE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 PUKA SECTION 106C, AVARUA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853\charrsid8470844 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2098\li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx2098\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16125853 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\qj \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid16125853 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 BETWEEN\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853 
CAROLINE TUPOU BROWNE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 
\par \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853 Applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853\charrsid16125853 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 
\par AND\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853 THE COOK ISLANDS CHRISTIAN CHURCH INCORPORATED OF AVARUA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853 First }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853\charrsid14173237 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid16125853 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853\charrsid14173237 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 AND\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853\charrsid16125853 MAKEA ELLENA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853  TAVIONI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 
 for the descendants of Makea Takau\line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16125853 Second Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853\charrsid11950610 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid4804884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16125853 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s39\ql \fi-1418\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid4804884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3212973 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15946299 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15139150 25 July 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4804884 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15139150 \tab 26 July 2016
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \fi-2552\li3970\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin3970\itap0\pararsid4804884 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 (Heard at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8470844  Rarotonga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 ) 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s39\ql \fi-1418\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14499362 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8470844 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3111847 Mrs T Carr, for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499362 applicant (196/14)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3111847 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s39\ql \li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14499362 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499362 Mr R Holmes, for the applicant (441/15)
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s39\ql \li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid4727210 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9779388 Mrs T Browne,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14173237  for the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9779388 first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14173237 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3111847  (196/14 and 441/15)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s39\ql \fi-2098\li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx2098\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4804884 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s39\ql \fi-1418\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid8867587 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12346560 Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4804884 :\tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12346560 24 November 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15863434 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8867587 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth8414\clshdrawnil \cellx8306\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\brdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp240 \brdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp240 \tx5103\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid12346560 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\noproof\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12346560 REASONS FOR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15946299 JUDGMENT OF }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10684330 ISAAC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15946299  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4727210 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15863434 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid15863434 
\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth8414\clshdrawnil \cellx8306\row {\*\bkmkstart bkBodyStart}{\*\bkmkend bkBodyStart}{\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8154019 
\hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4727210 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8154019 On 27 July 2016 I issued a preliminary decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 in which I considered the following issues:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8152789 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid9833927 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 Does}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16254924  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9833927 the Court ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 ve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8154019  jurisdiction to make declarations under the Declaratory Judgments Act 1994}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5254510 (DJA) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 regarding the validity o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 historic court orders?}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10571887 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10571887 Can the court validate or invalidate }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6120103 orders if}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789  those orders have been incorporated into}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6120103  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 legislation}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8152789 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 
Does s 399(3) of the Cook Islands Act 1915 grant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268995  the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 ourt jurisdiction to act as an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 ppellate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9833927 ourt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789  for the purposes of that section?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8154019 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1252205 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15286893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1252205 The answer I gave to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10571887 all three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789  questions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10571887 was no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8152789 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893 This judgment sets out my reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1252205  for that answer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15286893 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid15286893 Backgrou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16254924 
nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid15286893\charrsid15286893 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid15286893 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4727210 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893 The application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4065771  relate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893  to a piece of land known}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783  as Tepuka Section 106C Avarua.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4065771  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11752467 In 1864 Makea Ariki gifted the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783  by deed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11752467  to Mr Krause of the London Missionary Society (LMS)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893 
. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11752467 In 1903 the LMS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4488465  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 applied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4488465  to the Land Title Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783  for confirmation of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4488465 alienation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783  and to vest }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4065771 the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4488465  in the LMS.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490345 These applications resulted in the following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4065771 four}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid616102  orders }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 by Chief Judge Gudgeon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16149237 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893 
re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783  now}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 at the centre of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16149237 present application}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15286893 s:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid616102 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13705424 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid616102 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 
 4 January 1904 order confirming the alienation of Tepuka Section 106C Avarua by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid616102 Makea Ariki to the LMS.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13705424\charrsid2821876 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424\charrsid2821876 A}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid616102\charrsid2821876  23 May 1904}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783\charrsid2821876  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid616102\charrsid2821876 
rder vesting title to various lands, including Tepuka Section 106C Avarua, in the L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5401009\charrsid2821876 MS.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid616102\charrsid2821876 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13705424 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7953783  1905 order that Makea Ariki held a life interest in the land, following an investigation into its customary ownership. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4065771 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13705424 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4065771  31 August 1908 order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 cancelling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4065771 the 1905 order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10692389 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7953783 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10359121 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16142440 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10359121 The next }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490345 relevant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10359121 event occurred in 1968 with the passing of the Cook Islands Christian Church Inc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1705215 orporation Act 1968-69}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16254924  (CICCI Act)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1705215 . The Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10359121 transferred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16142440  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13451891 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16142440 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13451891 LMS\rquote  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16142440 title}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1705215 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16142440  to Cook Island lands to the Cook Islands Chri
stian Church (CICC).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1705215  The lands to be transferred were listed in the Second Schedule to the Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10116273 . The Schedule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1705215  incl
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10116273 uded Tepuka Section 106C Avarua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10692389  and referred to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10116273  two 1904 orders mentioned above.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16142440 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4727210 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12918644 
 2011, Ms Tavioni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5401009  filed an application pursuant to s 390A of the Cook Islands Act 1915, seeking an order cancelling the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8802012 1904 orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13506845 . After a series of judgments, one of which was recalled, Weston}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14418215  CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13506845  declined jurisdiction under s 390A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 , finding that the 1904 orders fell outside the ambit of s 390A because they had been made without jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14418215 . He relied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13506845 
 on the Privy Council\rquote s judgment in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13506845 Tumu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10692389 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid7619569 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 Descendants of Utanga and Arerangi Tumu v Descendants of Ipou Tumu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  [2012] CK-UKPC 1.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13506845  which supported the proposition that s 390A did not authorise the Chief Judge to repair an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 order made without jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid490345 
 I set out the relevant section of the judgment, referred to in the Chief Judge\rquote s decision:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid6568140 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  At [45] and [59].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10359121 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri543\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin543\lin709\itap0\pararsid5196492 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7496889\charrsid5196492 \tab [45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5773221\charrsid5196492 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7496889\charrsid5196492 
 In the view of the Board, it is clear that the amendments were made without jurisdiction, and were for that reason invalid. For the same reason, they could not benefit from the presumption of validity in relation to defects of \'93practice or procedure
\'94 under section 399, since that does not extend to orders made \'93without or in excess of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5196492  jurisdiction\'94 (section 399(2))}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5773221 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid860503 \'85
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5196492 [59]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid860503  \'85 that section [s 390A] proceeds on the basis of a decision made within jurisdiction. In the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid860503\charrsid13828877 Board\rquote s view, the decision under that section, even though not itself open to appeal, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13828877\charrsid13828877 could not limit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid860503\charrsid13828877  the scope of the matters to be taken into account under section 416 in deciding whether to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid860503  validate an order made without jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid5196492\charrsid5196492 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13705424 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid13705424 The present applications}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid13705424\charrsid13705424 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16254924 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16254924 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16254924 Undeterred by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6423481 unsuccessful }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16254924 s 390A application, Ms Tavioni turned to the Declarat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10692389 ory Judgments Act 1994}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3093221  (the DJA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10692389  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11564405 to pursue the intent of her initial litigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10692389 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452  At the hearing before me, her counsel}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452  Mrs Carr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452  sought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15139288 :
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid4091210 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid15139288 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4091210 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452 declaration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  under the DJA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4091210  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452 that the 1905 order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8933814  stating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14899452  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2626581 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452  Makea Ariki held a life interest in the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4091210  was still valid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15139288 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15139288 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13705424 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424 a succession order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8933814  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4091210 over the land in favour of the descendants of Makea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876  Takau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4091210 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8933814 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5709671 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16254924 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5709671 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8933814  second respondent, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4091210 Mrs Caroline Browne, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876 oppose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5709671 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830 Ms Tavioni\rquote 
s application for a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13127707 succession order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830 , alleging that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162962  as a descendant of the ancestral owners,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14689420 she}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13705424  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14689420 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162962 
lso has an interest in the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14689420 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13127707  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162962 However}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5709671 , both}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876  Mrs Caroline Browne and Ms Tavioni }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5709671 oppose the vesting of the land in the CICC and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876 agree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3942478  that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12192094 land has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3942478  customary status }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12192094 which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3942478 
 was never extinguished}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876  (nor could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5709671  it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2821876  have been extinguished), by the 1904 orders or the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3942478 CICCI Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14899452 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid29155 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid29155 In line with these positions, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517 counsel for Mrs Caroline Browne, Mr Holmes, sought:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8586517 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid8586517 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517 declarations }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830 
under the DJA that the 1904 orders are invalid for want of jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10551952  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8586517 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10551952 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10551952 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid29155 n order under s 421}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10551952  that the land is customary land.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid9118427 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16254924 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9118427 The fir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162962 
st respondent, the CICC (represented by Mrs Tina Browne),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517  opposed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9118427  the applications of both Mrs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162962 Caroline }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9118427 Browne and Mrs Tavioni. In its 23 June 2016 Memorandum of 23 June 2016, the CICC applied to have both applications dismissed for lack of jurisdiction under Rule 333(3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10162962 of the Code of Civil Procedure.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9118427 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4266627 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4266627 Submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8586517 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4266627 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 he parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7287830  have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13985291 submitted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13985291 multiple}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  matters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517  since the initial application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517 Nevertheless}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13985291 , I was of the view that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517  it was necessary to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6191299  begin by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517  resolv}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6191299 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8586517  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13985291 initial question of the court\rquote s jurisdiction to make the declarations sought. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11804698 A}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 t the hearing on 25 July 2016}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  the parties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627  agreed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  to address }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7759143 the issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7759143 the court\rquote s jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6191299  first}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 . Accordingly, despite the breadth of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12192094 argument}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 s presented to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11804698 me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 , I focus here on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13985291 detailing the parties\rquote  submissions on this first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7287830 issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4266627 .

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5513628\charrsid917970 Mrs Carr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid5513628  for Ms Tavioni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5513628\charrsid917970 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 
Mrs Carr submitted that the Court should declare that the 1905 order, which declared that Makea Ariki had a life interest in the land, was still valid. She submitted that the order\rquote 
s cancellation in 1908 was made without jurisdiction because only a court order could effect such a cancellation, yet no record of any hearing or court order exists.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}Mrs Carr also sought a dec
laration that the gift originally transferred by the 1864 deed, and then confirmed by the 1904 orders, was now \lquote spent\rquote 
. First, because Makea Ariki (who only held a life interest in the land and therefore could not have transferred anything more than that w
hich she held), passed away in 1911; second, because the land ceased to be used in line with the conditions of its transfer under the deed. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}
Mrs Carr submitted that the existence of the CICCI Act did not impede the Court from making these declarations. Thi
s is because, contrary to the submissions of Mrs Tina Browne, the declarations were not inconsistent or incompatible with a true reading of the 1904 orders and the CICCI Act. She submitted two reasons for this position:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 The 1904 orders and the CICCI Act ne
ver intended to effect a transfer of the land in question. The 1904 orders merely confirmed what was transferred by the original deed (a life interest subject to certain conditions), which was now spent. In turn, the CICCI Act, which relied on the 1904 or
ders, could not have transferred to the CICC anything more than that which the LMS had acquired under the 1864 deed.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}The land\rquote s status is crucial because it affects the nature of what }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3212973 the 1904 orders and the CICCI Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 could have transferred. The 1904 orders
 could not have alienated freehold title to the LMS, nor could Parliament in 1968 have envisaged that they were vesting freehold title to the land in the CICC because the land was customary land and the ownership of the owners was never extinguished. If t
he 1904 orders or the CICCI Act had purported to transfer ownership of the lands, this would represent a breach of the constitutional rights of Cook Islanders. Therefore, this is clearly not what was transferred.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6491764 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6491764 Mr Holmes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5513628 
 for Caroline Browne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6491764\charrsid6491764 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid4260747 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4260747 Mr Holmes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6576267  submitted that the 1904 orders were invalid}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280 sought a declaration under the DJA to that effect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6576267 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 
 He also submitted that the lands in question were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 , and still are,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815  customary lands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11473215  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12201077 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 customary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12201077 status }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6817650 could not have been extinguished in the manner purportedly effected by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 the Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955  nor by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11605815 the 1904 orders upon which the Act relied (which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280 , in any case,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815  were invalid).
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6576267 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid469993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6576267 Mr Holmes was reluctant to consider the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2189451 court\rquote s }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6576267 jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2189451  to make the declarations sought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6576267  independently from the question of the orders\rquote  validity}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280  and the land\rquote s status}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 . He maintained}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758  t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6576267 
hat the matters were inextricably intertwined. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 However, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid469993 
hen it became apparent that I intended to deal with the question of jurisdiction first, Mr Holmes submitted that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 :
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid469993 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid11605815 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid469993 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376 o legal impediment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid469993 prevented me from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376  declaring}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323 
1904 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376 orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323  were invalid }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 for want of jurisdiction;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid11605815 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537 e DJA provide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323  positive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537  authority for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323 such a declaration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11605815 ; 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid6644537 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537 the wording of s 399(3) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323 of the CIA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537 implies that the Court has the power to declare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323 orders invalid if proved that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12201077  orders were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6384323  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280 made without jurisdiction; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5049280 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11605815 either the lapse of time in bringing the application nor the existence of the CICCI Act prevent the Court from declaring the 1904 orders invalid. The Act was based on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11745240 false }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 presumption that the land was already held b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815\charrsid5253616 y the LMS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5253616\charrsid5253616 , when in fact }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537\charrsid5253616 1904 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616 orders }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 
that apparently vested}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815\charrsid5253616  those lands in the LMS were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616  invalid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11745240\charrsid5253616 
 for want of jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815\charrsid5253616 . If the land was not vested in the LMS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537\charrsid5253616  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11029057\charrsid5253616 when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537\charrsid5253616 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11029057\charrsid5253616  CICCI Act was enacted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537\charrsid5253616 ,}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815\charrsid5253616 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616 the Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6644537\charrsid5253616 could not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280\charrsid5253616 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 gone on to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5049280\charrsid5253616 ves}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1394376\charrsid5253616  th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6644537\charrsid5253616 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815\charrsid5253616  land i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11286645\charrsid5253616 n the CICC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 ; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11605815 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid204955 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 e)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 
not only is there jurisdiction to invalidate the orders, it is imperative that this be done because the land is native customary land and the 1904 orders purport to extinguish that status, thereby depriving those entitled to the land of an essential compo
nent of their identity.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid5513628 Counsel for the CICC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid5513628\charrsid6491764 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 
Mrs Tina Browne submitted that the applications should be dismissed under Rule 333(3) of the Code because the Court lacks the jurisdiction, under either the Cook Islands Act 1915 (CIA) or the DJA, to make the or
ders sought. Mrs Browne submitted that only a superior court has jurisdiction to set aside the orders, and that the DJA does not empower this court to make the declarations sought because:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 Section 3 of the DJA permits the review of a limited range of docum
ents. The only category that a court order could possibly fit within is a \lquote document of title\rquote , which is not defined in the DJA. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}
It is doubtful that a court order falls within s 3 because that would essentially give the High Court jurisdiction to review the validity of another court\rquote s order, whereas the ordinary course would be to appeal the order or seek a rehearing.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}
Section 3 is premised on a person having done or desiring to do some act, the validity, legality or effect of which depends on the constructi
on of certain legal documents. There is no doubt as to the meaning and effect of the orders or the CICCI Act. The DJA procedure is inappropriate for the kind of declaration sought.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 Even if jurisdiction could be found under either or both Acts (for example,
 if a court order could be considered to come within the ambit of s 3), the Court must decline to make the orders sought because:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 
the declarations would fundamentally contradict the CICCI Act, which vested the lands in the CICC and effectively confirmed the 1904 orders by incorporating them into the Act\rquote s Second Schedule;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}
the declarations would serve no legal purpose because the DJA does not confer any jurisdiction on the Court to invalidate Acts of Parliament, which would be necessary to achieve the applicants\rquote 
 desired results, given that the CICCI Act has vested full title to the land in the CICC; and
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}
the applications have been made after considerable delay, yet there is strong public interest in the courts not overturning orders conferring title to proper
ty more than 100 years after the orders have been made and nearly 50 years after Parliament has adopted them in an Act.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5513628 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5513628 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 
Mrs Tina Browne also submitted that New Zealand has a materially similar provision in its DJA, and that when applying that provision the
 New Zealand courts have consistently declined to entertain applications where the facts are in dispute or there are questions of mixed law and fact, both of which are apparent in this case.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12087328 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11882441 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12087328 In her oral submissions, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11882441 Mrs Browne}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12087328  refuted th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 e claim th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12087328 at Te Puka Section 106C Avarua was customary land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid996758 . She}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12087328  also submitted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11882441 the gift which was the subject of the 1904 orders was clearly an unconditional alienation to the LMS, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12087328 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11882441  the CICCI Act vested full title}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7819838  to the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11882441  in the the CICC.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16332038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1977498 The Law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid16332038\charrsid16332038 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5254510 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16332038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5254510 Section 3 of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5254510 DJA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038  states:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid5254510 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 
3. Declaratory orders on originating summons - 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 (1) Where any person - 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri543\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin543\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5254510 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 
(a) has done or desires to do any act, the validity, legality, or effect of which depends on the construction or validity of any enactment, or any deed, will, or doc
ument of title, or any agreement made or evidenced by writing, or any memorandum or articles of association of any company or body corporate, or any instrument prescribing the powers of any company or body corporate; or
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li1440\ri543\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin543\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5254510 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5254510 (b) claims to have acqu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5254510 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 ed any righ
t under any such enactment, deed, will, document of title, agreement, memorandum, articles, or instrument, or to be in any other manner interested in the construction or validity thereof, - 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid5254510 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 
such person may apply to the High Court by originating summons for a declaratory order determin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1977498 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 
g any regulation, bylaw, deed, will, document of title, agreement, memorandum, articles of instrument, or of any part thereof\'85.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7819838 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16332038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7819838 Section 399 of the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14033001 IA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7819838  states:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid4484102 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4484102\charrsid14033001 399. Validity of orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4484102\charrsid14033001  \endash  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid8286246 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 (l) No order of [the Land Court] shall
 be invalid because of any error, irregularity, or defect in the form thereof or in the practice or procedure of the Court, even though by reason of that error, irregularity, or defect the order was made without or in excess of jurisdiction.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid4484102 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 (2) Nothing in
 the foregoing provisions of this section shall apply to any order which in its nature or substance and independently of its form or of the practice or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 
procedure of the Court was made without or in excess of jurisdiction.
\par (3) Every order made by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 the Land Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4484102\charrsid4484102 
 shall be presumed in all Courts and in all proceedings to have been made within the jurisdiction of the Court, unless the contrary is proved or appears on the face of the order.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8284063 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid8284063 Discussion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid8284063\charrsid8284063 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7619569 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16332038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7619569 As evident in s 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1706396  of the DJA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7619569 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1706396 a declaratory judgment under that Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7619569  can only be made in relation to one of the following instruments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038 : 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri543\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin543\lin709\itap0\pararsid5254510 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5254510 \'85 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid7619569 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 
enactment, or any deed, will, or document of title, or any agreement made or evidenced by writing, or any memorandum or articles of association of any company or body corporate, or any instrument prescribing the powers of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid5254510  any company or body corporate\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16332038\charrsid5254510 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid204955 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8852606 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 It is clear that a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038  Court order does not fit any of the}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8802012 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038  categories}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991735 . I agree with Mrs Browne that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8263996 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8802012  DJA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10188447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991735 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8802012 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10188447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8802012 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10188447 appropriate legislative vehicle for the purpose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991735 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2113591 the applicant}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991735 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2113591  seek}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8263996 . The DJA does not give this Court jurisdiction to declare the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8461239 1904 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8263996 court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8461239 orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8263996  invalid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8852606 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid8852606 For the same reason, the Court cannot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid8461239 use the DJA to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid8852606 declare a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid8461239 s valid a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid8852606  court order that was later cancelled by the court}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid8461239  (i.e. the 1905 order).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4994777  To make such orders would be to act as an appellate court by stealth. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3365634\charrsid3365634 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\langfenp5129\insrsid1706396 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1706396 Furthermore, a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1908085 s I noted in my oral decision, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4994777 I do not consider that s 399}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1908085 (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4994777  of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid14033001 CIA gives this court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1908085  jurisdiction to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4994777 pronounce upon the val}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid3365634 idity of another}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1706396  court\rquote s orders. In the context of the section as a whole, the subsection merely states}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid3365634 
 that orders of the Land Court are to be presumed valid, unless the contrary is proved. This latter phrase }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1706396 does not introduce}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid3365634  a jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1706396 upon challenges to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid3365634 
the validity of orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid14046949  with which applicants disagree.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10900630  The proper process is to appeal the order}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323  when it is made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10900630 , or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10900630  in historical cases, to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323 apply}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10900630 
 under s 390A. If either or both of these applications are unsuccessful, it can fairly be said that the applicant has exhausted the judicial avenues available.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1706396\charrsid1706396 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\langfenp5129\insrsid1706396 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1706396 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272 he courts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid1706396 cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272  provide }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid5513628 multipl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272 e avenues by which to challenge orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323 
 through increasingly convoluted and ingenious statutory interpretation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272 . To the contrary, the avenues }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323 
that exist }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272 are purposely restricted by legislators }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid13395568 based on a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272 careful balancing of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid13395568 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid10424272 
competing policy principles of securing certainty and finality of decisions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323 , on the one hand,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid6444090 
 and providing opportunity to challenge decisi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid4408323 ons because of mistake or error on the other.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang9\langfe5129\langnp9\insrsid5513628 
 In short, there must be an end to litigation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8852606\charrsid6384323 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid686739 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16332038 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid686739 That would be enough to dispose of the application, but I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1908085 wish to record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127  o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1908085 ther barriers to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid204955 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 
case presented by Ms Tavioni and Mrs Caroline Browne. In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389  this discussion I draw on New Zealand precedent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7619569 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389 
 given that the relevant provisions in the equivalent New Zealand legislation, the Declaratory Judgments Act 1908, are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7619569 substantially similar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389  to the DJA.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14421127 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4737378  Court\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127  jurisdiction and discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378  to make declaratory judgments under the DJA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127 are wide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378 . Nevertheless,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4737378  legislation is not a catch-all and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127  certain requirements must be met before the Court will exercise this jurisdiction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid8263996 
{\*\bkmkstart _Ref467743695}\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 New Zealand Insurance Co L
td v Prudential Assurance Co Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  [1976] 1 NZLR 84 (CA) at 85.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421127 {\*\bkmkend _Ref467743695} }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378 
Declaratory judgments under the DJA are a mechanism for resolving and clarifying issues of legislative interpretation. They are to be invoked when doubt exists about an instrument\rquote s construction or validity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3093221  and such doubt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378 is obscuring the ambit or permissibility of an act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3093221 done in reliance on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378 
that instrument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid4737378 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref467743714}\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4737378 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid14768832 Pouwhare v Kruger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  HC Wellington CIV-2009-485-967 12 June 2009 at [9].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378 {\*\bkmkend _Ref467743714} }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14706503 They may also be invoked where a person\rquote s rights are affected by the construction or validity of the instrument.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid3093221 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref467743733}\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 Turner v Pickering}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  [1976] 1 NZLR 129 (SC) at 133-135.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378 {\*\bkmkend _Ref467743733}
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid4815820 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 Mr Holmes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5335874  asks this court to declare }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1977498 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8852606 1904 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1977498 court order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5335874 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10188447  invalid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5335874  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid686739 because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5335874  they were made without }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1977498 jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 , and Mrs Carr sought to declare the 1905 order valid because the circumstances for its cancellation are arguably dubious}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1977498 
.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4737378  However,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4815820 s are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  not articulated in the terms of the criteria }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3282195 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  s 3 of the DJA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 Do the applicants desire to do an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  act that depends on the validity of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476 
ourt orders? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 In the case of the 1904 orders, is Mr Holmes }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476 seeking a declaration about the validity of the deed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16609504 
that transferred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  the land}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7080467  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14232476 about the court order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16609504 s that confirmed that transfer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820  Is he submitting t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476 hat the court order is an act that was invalid because the deed transferring the land was invalid?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820  Is Mrs Carr seeking a declaration that the act of cancelli
ng the order was impermissible because of an incorrect view of the 1905 order\rquote s validity?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14232476  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7865161 Are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 
 both parties }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7865161 simply saying that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526  they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7865161  are \'93interested\'94 in the validity of the court orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16609504  and seek a declaration on those grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7865161 ? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14165671 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13395568 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13395568 Most relevantly in this case, t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389  declaratory judgments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038  jurisdiction will n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12519270 ot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038  be exercised to resolve an issue that is partly related to fact and partly related to law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14421127 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid9718101 \chftn 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 NZ Insurance Co Ltd v Prudential Assurance Ltd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9718101 , above n }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101  NOTEREF _Ref467743695 \\h }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 {\*\datafield 
08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f005200650066003400360037003700340033003600390035000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13043158 3}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\sbknone\pgnrestart\linex0\headery0\footery851\endnhere\titlepg\sectunlocked1\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  at 85; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid14768832 Pouwhare v Kruger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 , above n }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101  NOTEREF _Ref467743714 \\h }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 {\*\datafield 
08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f005200650066003400360037003700340033003700310034000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13043158 4}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\sbknone\pgnrestart\linex0\headery0\footery851\endnhere\titlepg\sectunlocked1\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  at [9], [27].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16332038  In this case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12476653 factual a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid876823 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12476653 d evidential questions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 
 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12476653  intertwined with the legal issues}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1706396 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1908085  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1706396 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1908085 his was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1706396 made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1908085 abundantly clear
 in the hearings when counsel struggled to address the issues of jurisdiction without referring to contested matters of fact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389 . These include}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid876823 
 the circumstances in which the gift of land was made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid876823  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid876823 
easons for the cancellation of the 1905 order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820  and how this was effected,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481  and the status of the land,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389  which }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11026803 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8217716  (inter alia)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11026803  a matter of contention }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10636389 between the parties}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11026803 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481  The fact that Mr Holmes was at pains to stress that the question of jurisdiction was inextricably linked to other aspects of the case and could n
ot be considered independently, only further consolidates the reality that the matters at issue are not strictly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1381586  questions of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481  legal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1381586  interpretation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038 The Court cannot make declaratory judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4815820 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16332038  in such a context.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1381586 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1381586 The 1968 legislation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1381586\charrsid5924064 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid9248207 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [30]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1381586 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9248207 
Even if the Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481 had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9248207  jurisdiction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14165671  to make an order, it retains the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9248207 discretion to decline to do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7805195  \'93on any grounds which it deems sufficient\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9248207 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14706503 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  Declaratory Judgments Act 1994, s 10.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9248207  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5336543 The Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5336543  decline to make a declaratory judgment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 where it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5336543 
 would serve little or no practical purpose.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid5336543 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 
Turner v Pickering}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 , above n }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101  NOTEREF _Ref467743733 \\h }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 {\*\datafield 
08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f005200650066003400360037003700340033003700330033000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13043158 5}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\sbknone\pgnrestart\linex0\headery0\footery851\endnhere\titlepg\sectunlocked1\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718101 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  at 141-142.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9248207  In this particular case, the declaratory judgments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 sought would be of limited utility}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 . That is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9248207 because the effect of the orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 , namely, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7547077 
the transfer of title to Tepuka Section 106C Avarua to the CICC, which is at the centre of the applications}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12807397  has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9248207 
been enshrined in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1381586 the CICCI Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7547077 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid12265481 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15281676 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481 Ev
en if Mrs Carr is correct that the 1904 orders transferred no more than what was transferred in the 1864 deed, a plain reading of the CICCI Act demonstrates that Parliament intended a full vesting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14684672  of title}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12265481  in the CICC.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13653264  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13653264 he Court is in no position to challenge}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526  this legislation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7822430 . As emphasised in previous cases, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526  DJA does not give the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7822430  Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11812250  power to prevent the operation of an Act.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid11812250 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 New Zealand Maori Council v Attorney-General}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  [1996] 3 NZLR 140 (CA) at 166-168.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7547077  N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9271851 ot only can the DJA not assist, but more generally, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2784221 he Court is constitu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12476653 
tionally unable to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13395568 make declarations that challenge the basis of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2784221 
 legislation. Courts in the Cook Islands do not have the power to override, strike down or amend legislation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9766918 The Parliament of the Cook Islands is a sovereign Parliament.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs50\super\insrsid9766918 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766918 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  Constitution of the Cook Islands, article 27(1).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9766918  Accordingly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2784221 Parliamentary law is supreme.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15281676 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid678587 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [32]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13110438 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587 Furthermore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9271851 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid678587  because the orders complained of have been incorporated (and thereby }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7547077 effectively }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587 affirmed) in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4474838 
 the CICCI Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4474838  any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587  power the court might have had to amend or cancel the orders}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4474838  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5513628  prevented}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2784221 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2784221 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1792168 Ngati Ap}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2784221 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid12015956  Ki Te Waipounamu Trust v The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15235526 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid12015956 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14768832 
Ngati Apa Ki Te Waipounamu Trust v The Queen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  [2000] 2 NZLR 659 (CA).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16649591  the applicants }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4474838 asked}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16649591  the Court to set aside a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438  M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af46 \ltrch\fcs0 \f46\lang1153\langfe5129\langnp1153\insrsid13110438 \'e2ori Appellate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16649591 
 Court order that had been incorporated into settl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438 ement legislation. The Court declined}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 , reasoning that t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438 he}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587  order\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438  incorporation into the Settlement Act as an \'93integral part\'94 of that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8853374  preclude}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10047159 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438  the High Court from setting aside the order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid678587  which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438  would \'93completely undermine an essential element of the Settlement Act\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid13110438 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid14768832 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1153\langfe5129\langnp1153\insrsid14768832 At [154].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8217716  The Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 
added}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8217716  that this w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15235526 ould be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8217716  the case even if the order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13110438 were invalid}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8217716 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs50\super\insrsid8217716 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s48\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8217716 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs50\super\insrsid14768832 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14768832  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1153\langfe5129\langnp1153\insrsid14768832 At [157].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8217716 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li709\ri543\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin543\lin709\itap0\pararsid8217716 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13110438\charrsid8217716 
Ordinarily such an invalid order would be set aside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2883889 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13110438\charrsid8217716 ut here the adoption by Parliame
nt of the Order for the purposes of the Settlement Act makes any such setting aside inappropriate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15281676\charrsid8217716 ..}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13110438\charrsid8217716 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15281676\charrsid8217716  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15281676\charrsid8217716 substantive rights in terms of the Order and its legislative adoption cannot be altered except by further legislation.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13110438\charrsid8217716 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid681381 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid681381\charrsid681381 Decision
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s15 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7547077 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [33]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls13\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid681381 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7547077 For the reasons set out in 
this judgment, I do not have jurisdiction under either the CIA or the DJA to make the declarations sought. Nor do I have jurisdiction to challenge the CICCI Act by amending or cancelling the orders complained of. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid681381 application}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6059103 s are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid681381  dismissed.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid681381 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid681381\charrsid681381 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5402601 
Dated at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868218 \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5402601 , New Zealand this                  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868218     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5402601 
 day of                            201}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14550936 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15863434 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5402601 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8867587 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5402601 ___________________________
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10906805 Isaac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5402601  J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15863434 
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