{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch37\stshfloch37\stshfhich37\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang5129\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f1\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial;}
{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f37\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0502040204020203}Segoe UI;}
{\f40\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\f43\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 Univers{\*\falt Arial};}{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}
{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}
{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f278\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f279\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\f281\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f282\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f283\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\f284\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\f285\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f286\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f288\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE;}{\f289\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr;}
{\f291\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek;}{\f292\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur;}{\f293\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew);}{\f294\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic);}
{\f295\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f296\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese);}{\f618\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f619\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}
{\f621\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f622\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f625\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f626\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}
{\f648\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\f649\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\f651\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\f652\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\f653\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}{\f654\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\f655\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\f656\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}
{\f658\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Segoe UI CE;}{\f659\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Segoe UI Cyr;}{\f661\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Segoe UI Greek;}{\f662\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Segoe UI Tur;}
{\f663\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Segoe UI (Hebrew);}{\f664\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Segoe UI (Arabic);}{\f665\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Segoe UI Baltic;}{\f666\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Segoe UI (Vietnamese);}
{\f678\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\f679\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\f681\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\f682\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\f685\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\f686\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\f708\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Univers CE{\*\falt Arial};}{\f712\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Univers Tur{\*\falt Arial};}
{\f715\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Univers Baltic{\*\falt Arial};}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}
{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31573\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Calibri (Hebrew);}{\fhiminor\f31574\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Calibri (Arabic);}{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}
{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;
\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;\red90\green90\blue90;\red79\green129\blue189;}{\*\defchp \lang5129\langfe5129\loch\af37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\langnp5129\langfenp5129 }
{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid3742035 Normal;}{\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f40\fs32\lang2057\langfe5129\kerning32\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 1;}{
\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs28\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink16 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 2;}{\s3\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs26\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f40\fs26\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink17 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 3;}{
\s4\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f43\fs28\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink18 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 4;}{\s5\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs26\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f43\fs26\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink19 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 5;}{\s6\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel5\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f43\fs22\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink20 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 6;}{
\s7\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel6\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink21 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 7;}{\s8\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel7\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink22 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 8;}{\s9\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel8\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f40\fs22\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink23 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid862997 heading 9;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 
Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe5129\loch\f37\hich\af37\dbch\af37\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused 
Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f40\fs32\kerning32 \sbasedon10 \slink1 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 1 Char;}{\*\cs16 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f40\fs28 
\sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 2 Char;}{\*\cs17 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f40\fs26 \sbasedon10 \slink3 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 3 Char;}{\*\cs18 
\additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28 \sbasedon10 \slink4 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 4 Char;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs26 
\sbasedon10 \slink5 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 5 Char;}{\*\cs20 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon10 \slink6 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 6 Char;}{\*\cs21 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink7 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 7 Char;}{\*\cs22 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink8 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 
Heading 8 Char;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f40 \sbasedon10 \slink9 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 \styrsid862997 Heading 9 Char;}{
\s24\qc \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f40\fs32\lang2057\langfe5129\kerning28\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink25 \sqformat \spriority10 \styrsid862997 Title;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f40\fs32\kerning28 \sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \spriority10 \styrsid862997 Title Char;}{
\s26\qc \li0\ri0\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f40\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink27 \sqformat \spriority11 \styrsid862997 Subtitle;}{\*\cs27 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f40\fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink26 \slocked \spriority11 \styrsid862997 Subtitle Char;}{\*\cs28 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority22 \styrsid862997 Strong;}{\*\cs29 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f37 \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority20 \styrsid862997 Emphasis;}{
\s30\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext30 \sqformat \spriority1 \styrsid862997 
No Spacing;}{\s31\ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext31 \sqformat \spriority34 \styrsid862997 List Paragraph;}{\s32\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink33 \sqformat \spriority29 \styrsid862997 Quote;}{\*\cs33 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink32 \slocked \spriority29 \styrsid862997 
Quote Char;}{\s34\ql \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin720\lin720\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink35 \sqformat \spriority30 \styrsid862997 Intense Quote;}{\*\cs35 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink34 \slocked \spriority30 \styrsid862997 Intense Quote Char;}{\*\cs36 \additive \i\cf17 
\sqformat \spriority19 \styrsid862997 Subtle Emphasis;}{\*\cs37 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs24\ul \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority21 \styrsid862997 Intense Emphasis;}{\*\cs38 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\ul 
\sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority31 \styrsid862997 Subtle Reference;}{\*\cs39 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority32 \styrsid862997 Intense Reference;}{\*\cs40 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\i\f40\fs24 \sbasedon10 \sqformat \spriority33 \styrsid862997 Book Title;}{\s41\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f40\fs32\lang2057\langfe5129\kerning32\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon1 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority39 \styrsid862997 TOC Heading;}{\s42\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
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\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext51 \ssemihidden \spriority0 \styrsid7737947 footnote text;}{\*\cs52 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \spriority0 \styrsid7737947 
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\sbasedon0 \snext53 \slink54 \styrsid5444065 header;}{\*\cs54 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24 \sbasedon10 \slink53 \slocked \styrsid5444065 Header Char;}{\s55\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
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footer;}{\*\cs56 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe0\langnp2057 \sbasedon10 \slink55 \slocked \styrsid13518945 Footer Char;}{\s57\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs18\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f38\fs18\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 \sbasedon0 \snext57 \slink58 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \styrsid1311486 Balloon Text;}{\*\cs58 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\par }}{\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s55\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s55\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4513\tqr\tx9026\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12591316 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s43\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tx567\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8354256 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE COOK ISLANDS\tab \tab 
\par HELD AT RAROTONGA
\par (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539 ELECTORAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591  DIVISION)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8354256 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539 mISC.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid12716211  no.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1471306  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6316569 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid12285530 /2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8354256 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid8354256 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256 IN THE MATTER\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539\charrsid3955539 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9718147  Part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6376162 s 7 &}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9718147 
 8 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10231856 Electoral Act 2004}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6376162  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11300826\charrsid154645 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid11300826 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11300826 \tab AND
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11300826\charrsid5332591 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11300826 IN THE MATTER \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6376162 of a General Election for Members of the Parliament of the Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11300826 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6376162 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11300826 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256 AND
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid2169329 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256 IN THE MATTER \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539\charrsid3955539 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6376162 the election for the constituency of Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid11213571 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14308126 \tab BETWEEN\tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10095943 TINA PUPUKE BROWNE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539 , Candidate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14308126\charrsid2169329 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid13518460 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13518460\charrsid144107 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539 Petitioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13518460\charrsid882026 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid8354256 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256\charrsid144107 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid13518460 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256\charrsid144107 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10095943 TOKA HAGAI}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid10095943 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12285530 Candidate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14495904\charrsid12285530 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid8354256 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256\charrsid144107 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12215167\charrsid882026 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8354256 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5400588 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid12285530 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5400588 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5400588 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid8354256 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6030100 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\ul\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid3955539\charrsid882026 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-4253\li5954\ri0\widctlpar\tx3969\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5954\itap0\pararsid7240778 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\fs22\lang2057\langfe2057\langfenp2057\insrsid6030100\charrsid144107 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8354256\charrsid5332591 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s46\ql \fi-2127\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid3168883 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539 Date}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9718147 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539  of Hearing:\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7240778 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5270159 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9718147 , 11 and 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5270159  August}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539  2018
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3694576 Counsel: \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7240778\charrsid14747263 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14747263\charrsid14747263 essrs }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9984202 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid806870  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14747263\charrsid14747263 Hikaka and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13071061\charrsid14747263 
B }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5768045\charrsid14747263 Marshall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3694576\charrsid14747263  for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539\charrsid14747263 Petitioner }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3694576\charrsid14747263 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5400588\charrsid14747263 Mr }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13071061\charrsid14747263 B }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5768045\charrsid14747263 Mason}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7240778\charrsid14747263  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7414121\charrsid14747263 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9984202 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid7414121\charrsid14747263 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5768045\charrsid14747263 \tab Ms }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13071061\charrsid14747263 K }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5768045\charrsid14747263 Bell for the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9984202\charrsid14747263 Chief Electoral Officer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9718147 (9-9.30am on 10 August 2018 only)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15694344 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5270159 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14616193 Results }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid9718147 Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7414121\charrsid5332591 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15757190  7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5270159  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15690655 September}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3955539  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid7414121 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3694576 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13312492 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1914017 Reasons for Judgment:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3168883 \tab  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid12591316 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3168883\charrsid3168883  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3168883 September 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1914017\charrsid5332591 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \fi720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8354256 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs20\insrsid8354256\charrsid14418302 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh650\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16717326\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb
\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9039\clshdrawnil \cellx9039\pard\plain \ltrpar\s44\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\brdrt\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp240 \brdrb\brdrs\brdrw10\brsp240 
\tx5103\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid9718147 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\noproof\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15757190 REASONS}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017  FOR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9718147 JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8354256  OF }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623464 HUGH WILLIAMS, CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8354256\charrsid10560016 \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8354256\charrsid1912580 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh650\trleft0\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid16717326\tblind0\tblindtype3 
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9039\clshdrawnil \cellx9039\row }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8354256 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs16\cf6\insrsid8354256\charrsid5905514 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs16\cf6\insrsid9718147 
WILL0478.dss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs16\cf6\insrsid8354256\charrsid5905514 ]
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s49\ql \li0\ri0\sb360\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5582793 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5582793\charrsid6775243 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid13312492\charrsid4268900 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid5582793 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793 On 12 April 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid4861268 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4861268 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid16341376 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid16341376  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid16341376 
 All dates in this judgment are in 2018 unless otherwise specified}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793  the Queen\rquote s Representative, acting pursuant to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6316569 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793 rticle 37 of the Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793  Constitution, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 dissolved}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6316569 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793 Parliament of the Coo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15757190 
k Islands and fixed 14 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793  as the date for the next General Election of the Members to for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 m the 24 seat Parliament}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13132577  for the ensuing four}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793  year term.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid5582793 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}Nominations of candidates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793  the General Election closed on 30 April.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid4861268 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3295839 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 Since 5 August 1965 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 he Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 a self-governing nation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 in voluntary free association with New Zealand.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 in Right of New Zealand is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 its current Head of State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268  S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15992825 he i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825  represented by the Queen\rquote s Representative living on Rarotonga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid4861268 \chftn 
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid4861268 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid4861268   Arts 2 & 3 (1) of the Constitution.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 .  It operates on a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193 one vote per voter, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 irst }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 P}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 ast the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 ost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 voting 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 system with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3888251 Prime Minister}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 
 being the person appointed as leader of, usually, the party with the most seats in Parliament or the party which is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1914017 predominant in any coalition.  Of i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992825 
ts 24 electorates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid6775243 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-181\li181\ri0\sa60\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin181\itap0\pararsid4268900 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid16341376 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid16341376  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid16341376  Set by the first schedule and Article 27 of the Constitution and the first schedule to the Electoral Act 2004 (\'93the Act\'94)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886  10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193  represent Rarotonga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 against 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  for the remainder of the Cook Islands \endash 
 3 seats }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 each of Aitutaki and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243 Mangaia, 2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4861268 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  Atiu and 6 for individual islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785\charrsid3295839 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid548785\charrsid16518190 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785\charrsid16518190 
One result, as far as the Cook I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193 slands is concerned, is that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785\charrsid16518190  constituencies have widely varying electoral roll numbers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785  from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 1252 to 58 in 2018 }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785\charrsid16518190  contrasting markedly with the electoral rolls in larger jurisdictions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid548785 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid548785 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885  Approximately 60,000 to 70,000 per electorate in New Zealand}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785\charrsid16518190  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 Consequently turnouts are comparatively high but majorities often tiny}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid548785 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid548785 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885 
 The majorities in nine electorates following the 14 June General Election were of 20 votes or fewer}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 
That means Court challenges are a staple feature of Gener}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8215293 al Elections}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785  with the challenge
s being, broadly, either to the qualification or disqualification of voters on the electoral roll or of the commission of electoral offences under part 7 of the Electoral Act 2004}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid548785 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid4268900 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid4268900  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 All section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid4268900  references in these Reasons }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 are to the Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid4268900  unless otherwise specified}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 
 usually of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8215293 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 corrupt practices }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8215293 of bribery or treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid548785 
 under ss 87-89.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 Some observations on that situation appear }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13205069 as Schedule 2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11546950 at the end of these Reasons.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8215293\charrsid3295839 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8215293 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid11546950\charrsid8215293 Electorate Contest in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4268900  Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950\charrsid8215293 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6775243 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 e Reasons for Judgment concern}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  the election}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  for the one }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16341376 constituency}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  on the island of Rakahanga.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6775243 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}Rakahanga is in the Northern Group of the Cook Islands and is one of the less }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8215293 accessible.  It lies 1248km }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8215293 orth of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13205069  Rarotonga.  There being no airstrip, a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 ccess}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  is only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 possible by sea, either by a 44k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 m voyage by small}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243  boat from Rakahanga\rquote s nearest neighbour, Manihiki, or by occasional visits from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9438058 larger }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243 
ships which, the island having no sufficient break in its surrounding reef, anchor offshore and are serviced by lighter.  Although, in relatively recent times, it has gained electronic access to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 
internet and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243 outside world, contact with and from Rakahanga remains \endash  by comparison with others of the Cook Islands \endash  relatively tenuous.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6775243 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8743712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6775243 Like }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 
islands in other nation states around the world, the attractions of Rarotonga and the wider world by way of employment and societal contact has led to Rakahanga having a declining population.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844   }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 While it was estimated that there were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10056432 500}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303  inhabitants when th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 
e island was discovered in 1606}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303  according to Wikipedia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 
 its population had declined to about 300 around a century ago, to 127 at the 2008 census and, and now, according to the petitioner, about 95}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844  A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 ll }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 concentrated in the one major village in the southwestern quarter of the 4km}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid6492303\charrsid79844 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303  island.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11546950 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 A consequence of all those factors}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16395422 , the evidence showed,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  is that everybody on the island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492  knows, and is known, to everybody else, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712  the spasmodic supply chain from the outside world leads to a higher than usual degree of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16395422 collaboration and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13312492 mutual self-support}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303\charrsid8743712 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6492303 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6492303 In the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613 14 June }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 
General Election there were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613  two candidates for the Rakahanga constituency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid79844  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613 the petitioner, Mrs Tina Browne, who, as president of the Democratic Party, stood in its interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13205069 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12129613  and the respondent, Mr Toka Hagai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 , since 2014 the MP for Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16395422 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613 
 who stood under the Cook Islands Party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid8743712 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid3426522 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid3426522  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid3426522 \'93CIP\'94}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613  banner.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6492303 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid12129613 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613 The main }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16656884 electoral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613  roll for Rakahanga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 (dated 19 April 2018) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12129613 contained 56 names and the supplementary roll }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 which closed on 10 May}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744  added seven names and deleted two.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid32744 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}The declaration of the provi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 
sional count showed Mr Hagai polling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 28 votes and Mrs Browne 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid79844 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 hen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 the final }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 vote count was declared}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10971707 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 dated 28 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10971707 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 
 the numbers had increased to 39 and 24 respectively, thus resulting in a turnout approaching 100}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10971707 %}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5582793 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid32744 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13312492 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid13312492 Petition and Amended Petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid13312492\charrsid13312492 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10056432 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10056432 Section 92}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744  gives any candidate}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 , (or five electors) who is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744  dissatisfied}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712  with the result}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193 the right }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712 to file a petition in the Court demanding an inquiry into the conduct of the election }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 
within 7 days after the final declaration of the re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193 sult}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712  of the poll.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid32744 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}Mrs Browne filed a petition on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10971707 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid32744  July and followed that with an amended petition dated 7 August for such an inquiry}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid32744 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-154\li154\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin154\itap0\pararsid32744 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid32744 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid32744  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid32744 
 Leave to file which was granted, with further amendments and deletions, at the commencement of the hearing of the petition on 10 August.  This was the only part of the hearing where counsel for the Chief Electoral Officer appeared.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15356341 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8743712  Mr Hagai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10971707  filed no cross-petition.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid806870 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2233623 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2233623 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14616193 salient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2233623 remaining allegations in the Amended Petition were:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid3295839 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193 Section 89: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14616193 Treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4268900\charrsid14616193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-567\li1276\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1276\itap0\pararsid8330826 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 1.\tab 
On 24 May, 31 May 2018 and 7 June 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13205069  \endash  three separate allegations -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826  the Respondent or his agents directly or indi
rectly gave, provided or paid for wholly or in part the expense of giving or providing food, free drinks of beer and other alcoholic drinks for the purpose of corruptly influencing their vote or procuring himself to be elected. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13185646  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 4.\tab The Respondent at the gathering publically asked the electors to vote for him.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13185646  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 5.\tab The Respondent at that gathering publically stated that after voting for him the electors could have a barbecue with him.

\par 17.\tab The purpose, or one significant purpose, for the provision of the free food and alcoholic drinks in the period leading up to the election was political, namely to procure the election of the Respondent.
\par 18.\tab Alternatively, the provision of free food and alcoholic drinks were corrupt or illegal practices committed for the purpose of promoting or procuring the election of the Respondent that so extensively prevailed that they may reasonably be suppose}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8090044\charrsid8330826 d to have affected the result. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14616193 Section 88:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14616193  Bribery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14616193\charrsid8330826 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 24 May 2018
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8090044\charrsid8330826 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab The Respondent at the gathering on 24 May 2018 publically 
stated that after voting for him the electors could have a barbecue with him.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 25 May, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8090044\charrsid8330826 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826  and 8 June 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab 
On 25 May 2018 Electors were marked down on the time sheet as being at work when in fact they were not at work. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab The electors were absent from work because they were drinking on those days. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 22}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab 
The Executive Officer, who was an electoral agent of the Respondent, paid all of the workers, knowing that they were not at work and without a legitimate excuse.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 23.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 A purpose, or one significant purpose, for 
the payment of the electors despite their not working was political, namely to procure the election of the Respondent.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 32.\tab As to the Executive Officer\rquote s electoral agency:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-567\li1276\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1276\itap0\pararsid13205069 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 \tab 
The Petitioner says the Executive Officer in his ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13205069 pacity as an electoral official \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 
 was responsible for approving the payment of the Island Administration employees.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 
 He did so at times when employees did not work and did not have approved leave (whether annual or sick leave).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li1276\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1276\itap0\pararsid8330826 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 
The Executive Officer was also responsible for approving the payment of all the Island Administration employees on 14 and 15 June 2018 (with the exception of Una Banaba on 14 June). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 He did so when none of those employees worked and did not have approved leave (whether annual or sick leave).
\par In addition the Executive Officer was involved in the preparation, completion and forwarding to the Electoral Office in Rarotonga of the nomination form for the Respondent.
\par The Respondent and/or his agents accepted and/or adopted the actions of the Executive Officer such that the Executive Officer became his electoral agent. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-567\li1276\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1276\itap0\pararsid8330826 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 12 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 une
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab On 12 June 2018 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 he Respondent held a meeting at his home, at which speeches were made to the electors.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab The caretaker Prime Minister (and leader of the Respondent\rquote s political party, the Cook I
slands Party), Hon. Henry Puna, addressed the electors at the meeting. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 
He declared that 14 June and 15 June would be public holidays on Rakahanga.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab Workers were paid by the Government for 14 and 15 June 2018, though they did not work on either of those days.

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 36.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 \tab 
A purpose, or one significant purpose, for the declaration of a public holiday by the caretaker Prime Minister was political, namely to procure the election of the Respondent.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 37}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab Alternatively, the payment of the electors despite their not work
ing was a corrupt or illegal practice committed for the purpose of promoting or procuring the election of the Respondent that so extensively prevailed that it may reasonably be supposed to have affected the result.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid8330826\charrsid8330826 38}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951045\charrsid8330826 .\tab Alternatively, the declaration of a p
ublic holiday by the caretaker Prime Minister was a corrupt or illegal practice committed for the purpose of promoting or procuring the election of the Respondent that so extensively prevailed that it may reasonably be supposed to have affected the result
.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13185646 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4268900\charrsid8330826 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7347698\charrsid4268900 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4268900 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7347698\charrsid4268900 
Each of the allegations concerning the pleaded dates was followed by lists of attendees or those paid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7347698\charrsid4268900 
 In the iterations of the pleading the lists varied but in the final version they named}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886  31, 37 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10948633\charrsid4268900  35 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886 24 and 31 May and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7347698\charrsid4268900 7 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886  respectively}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7347698\charrsid4268900 ), 7, 9 and 7 (25 May, 1 and 8 June respectively) and 9 (paid when not having worked) persons.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7347698 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4268900 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid12926098\charrsid4268900 Treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16730754\charrsid4268900 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid16730754 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4268900 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730754 The electoral offence and corrupt practice of treating is defined in s 89 which reads:}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730754\charrsid14616193 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li756\ri804\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin756\itap0\pararsid7295993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid7295993\charrsid3426522 89. Treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3426522 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993  Every}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3426522  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993 person commits the offence of treating who, being a 
candidate at any election, by himself or herself or by any other person on his or her behalf, either before or during an election, directly or indirectly gives or provides or pays wholly or in part the expense of giving or providing any food, drink, enter
tainment, or other provision to or for any person -
\par (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993 for the purpose of corruptly influencing that person or any other person to vote or refrain from voting; or
\par (b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993 for the purpose of procuring himself or herself to be elected:
\par Provided that it shall not be an offence against this section for a candidate to provide at any time after the close of the poll, hospitality according to local custom or practice.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid1854942 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4268900 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 Overseas cases on the law of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10056432  treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455  neither de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10056432  from the wording of the section to any great degree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455  nor }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10056432  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730754 very }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455 conte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730754 
mporary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 . That may be because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455  a text cited by Mr Hikaka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10948633 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730754 lead}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 ing counsel for the petitioner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16730754\charrsid4268900 Parkers Law and Conduct of Elections,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455  apparently comments that }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730754 \'93so far as is known, the practic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455 es of bribery and treating no longer take place at elections\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid10516455 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-142\li142\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin142\itap0\pararsid3951045 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid342964 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid342964  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid342964  At [19.64] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Another commentary, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Adventures in Democracy (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Atkinson 2003) describes a 1922 NZ  treating case as a \'93rare occurrence in the 20}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid14248164 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  century\'94}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164 . H}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455 owever, as has been observed, while that comment may apply in larger jurisdic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539 tions,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455 allegations of bribery and treating are common after Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455  elections.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14248164\charrsid4268900 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14248164 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164 Most of the decisions cited by Mr Hikaka were from late 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\super\insrsid14248164\charrsid14248164 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164  century Britain or early 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid14248164\charrsid14248164 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164 
 century New Zealand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164  There is an obvious dissonance and mismatch in endeavouring to apply precedent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14248164  over 100 years old, based on very different social mores and values, and stemming from densely-po}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539 pulated, industrial states, to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14248164  sparsely-populated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539 21}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid12011539\charrsid12011539 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539  century }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14248164 Pacific Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539 s \endash  especially such as Rakahanga \endash  and, for th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 at reason, it is considered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12011539  appro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 priate to give greater weight}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 the terms of s 89 and to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12011539 such Cook Island}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10948633 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539  authority as there is.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3813775 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 The authorities may, in the
 main, be old and foreign, but the seriousness of treating should not be overlooked.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775  If found,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11676431 
 it invalidates the candidate\rquote s election under s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11676431 98(1), brings with it the other consequences set out in s 98(3) and must be referred to the Police}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid10948633 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 But, despite the terms of ss 87-91, 98 & 100, conviction is not a pre-requisite to referral: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Ioane v Ioane }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  CA 11/14 15 December 2014 per Barker & Paterson JJ at [47]-[52]}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11676431  pursuant to s 100.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11676431 
 It may be for that reason that the standard of proof is the civil one, but enhanced by the seriousness of the allegation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid11676431 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Eg }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Pokoati v Tetava}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  [1978] CKHC 2 24.7.78 Donne, CJ.p7}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11809191 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11809191 All t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12011539 hat said, it is useful to record the compendious advice of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid12011539 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\super\insrsid12011539 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Halsbury\rquote s Laws}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  ed, 2013, Vol 38A, para 722, p 231-2}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12011539 which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934 notes \'93the essence of the offence of treating 
is that it should be corrupt.  Treating, in fact, is often innocent; and prima facie it will be taken so to be\'94 but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934  \'93
no man is bound to abstain from customary and harmless hospitality because an election is pending\'94.  Of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12011539  relevance to this matter is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid12011539 Halsbury\rquote s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934  note that \'93custom is only relevant as having some bearing on the intent of a particular individual\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid7344934 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Halsbury\rquote s Laws ibid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  and cases there cited, particularly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 in re Great Yarmouth Borough Case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 (1906) 5 O\rquote M& H 176,193.}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10516455 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7344934 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10948633 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934 
Paragraph (b) of s 89 does not expressly require proof of a corrupt motive but it is clear that such a motive must be proved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 \endash  and the motive must have a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 
significant political aspect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid11809191 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid2638114 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Wigmore v Matapo }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 [2005]  CKCA 1 at [37]}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934 for the offence of treating under s 89(b) }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 to be found, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 as its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934  commi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 ssion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934 
 is a corrupt practice under ss 2 and 87(1) and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934  as the Court of Appeal said in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid7344934\charrsid7344934 Wigmore v Matapo
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid7344934 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  [2005] CKCA1 at 68}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid4862685 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886 tho}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 ugh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934 speaking of bribery, that once the offence is complete, \'93tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3813775 t then becomes a corrupt practic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7344934 e for the purposes of s 87.  There is no additional element of acting corruptly \endash  the mere commission of the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 cts are declared to be corrupt\'94. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942 What amounts to \'93corruption\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1140313  in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1854942  electoral sense is 
now to be found in the decision of the Supreme Court of New Zealand in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1854942 Field v R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\super\insrsid1140313 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 [2012] 3 NZLR 1, 17 @ [34]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Cooper v Slade }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 (1856) 6 H L Cas 746; 10 E R 1488}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1140313  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1140313 where that Court held:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10948633 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin709\itap0\pararsid11694993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11694993\charrsid7295993 \'93
...I am of opinion that there was evidence that the defendant corruptly paid money to Carter on account of his having voted at the election.  I think the word \lquote corruptly\rquote  in this statute means no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3951155\charrsid7295993 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11694993\charrsid7295993  \lquote dishonestly\rquote 
, but in purposely doing an act which the law forbids as tending to corrupt voters, whether it be to give a pecuniary inducement to vote, or a reward for having voted in any particular manner.  Bo
th the giver and the receiver in such a case may be said to act \lquote corruptly\rquote .  The word \lquote corruptly\rquote 
 seems to be used as a designation of the act of rewarding a man for having voted in a particular way as being corrupt, rather than as part of the definition of the offence.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid11694993\charrsid7295993 
I agree with what was said by the learned Judge at the trial, that if the moving cause of giving the money is the voter having voted for the particular candidate, such gift is contrary to the statute, as being given b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\ul\insrsid3951155\charrsid7295993 y way of reward for the vote, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid11694993\charrsid7295993  therefore corrupt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951155\charrsid7295993 .  [Emphasis in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3951155\charrsid7295993 Field}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11694993\charrsid7295993 .]\'94
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11809191 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2638114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11809191 Other components of treating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 are to be found in the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11809191  decision}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 , oft-cited in the Cook Islands,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11809191  of the New Zealand Election Court in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid11809191\charrsid2638114 In re the Wairau Election Petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\super\insrsid11809191 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 (1912) 31 NZLR 321, 326-7}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11809191 where the following appears:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-709\li709\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin709\itap0\pararsid2638114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid11809191 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 In order, therefore, to amount to treating, a corrupt intention must be proved. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 A corrupt intention is an intention on the part of the persons treating to influence the votes of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16518466 e persons treated. The question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987  of intention is an inference of fact which the Court has to draw.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 
 If there are numerous occasions during the election on which drink has been supplied, the inference would be that it was the intention of the person supplying it to influence the election. If meat or drink were supplied on numerous 
occasions to a single voter the inference might be drawn that it was done to influence his vote, and the treating would be corrupt. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 
So, also, if a good meal were supplied t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid16518466 o an elector w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 as in indigent circumstances the fact that he was given something whi
ch he could not procure for himself would lead to the influence that the meal was supplied to influence his vote. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 
Where, however, on exceptional occasions a very small amount of drink is given to  a man who is in independent circumstances, it would be abs
urd to suggest that the drink so given would be likely to influence his vote, or that the intention of the person giving it was to influence his vote. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11809191  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid11809191\charrsid4814987 If in any case, looking at all the circumstances, the reasonable and probably effect of the alleged trea
ting would be to influence the result of the election or to influence the votes of the individual voters, it might well be inferred that it was the intention of the person treating that this effect should follow.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid11809191 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid16518466 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14421479 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 The 1978 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16518466 case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16518466\charrsid7153059 Pokoati v Tetava}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid16518466 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16518466 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 
 [1978] CKHC2 reported as In Re Mitiaro Election Petition [1979] 1NZLR S1, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Donne CJ}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 
 held that elements of treating were the giving or provision of food for the purpose of procuring a candidate\rquote s election or any other purpose calculated to influence the votes of electors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466  with the giving or providing being with a corrupt intent.  The judgment held that that terms \'93gives or provides\'94
 in the then treating section did not require proof of ownership of the food or drink on the part of the candidate because \'93the clear connotation of the words is to supply, furnish or make available and the 
concept of ownership may or may not be present\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid16518466 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  At p7}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid12351493 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2638114 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Other authorities include }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Wigmore v Matapo }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 at first instance (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Matapo v Wigmore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 
Misc 84/04: the appeal judgment does not deal with treating separately) & }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 George v Tatuava }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Misc 73/04 in both of which treating was dismissed on the facts}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14421479 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3951155 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479 
The next legal issue relating to both the allegations of treating and bribery in this case is the question of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13205069 electoral agency of Mr Hagai by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479 
 the Rakahanga CIP Planning Committee.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479  In that respect, it is pertinent to record references from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14421479 Halsbury}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479 After noting that the \'93
crucial test is whether there has been employment or authorisation of the agent by the candidate to do some election work or the adoption of his work when done\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14421479\charrsid3951155 Halsbury }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479  notes:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14421479 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 \rquote s Laws}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 d, Vol 37, 2013, paras 245 (p422) and 832 (p369)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin709\itap0\pararsid2638114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 
In the absence of authorisation or ratification the candidate must be proved either by himself or by his acknowledged agents to have employed the agent to act on his behalf, or to have to some extent put himself in the agent\rquote s hands, or to 
have made common measure with him for the purpose of promoting the candidate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13205069 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 s election. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 The candidate must have entrusted the alleged agent with some material part of the business of the election. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 Mere non-interference on the candidate\rquote s part with persons who, feeling interested in the candidate\rquote 
s success, may act in support of his canvass is not sufficient to saddle the candidate with any unlawful acts of theirs of which the candidate and his election agent are ignorant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 Employment in the business of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13205069 e election is a question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 
 of degree but it has never yet been distinctly and precisely defined what degree of evidence is required to establish such a relationship between the candidate and the person guilty of corruption as should constitute agency. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 No o
ne yet has been able to go further than to say that, as to some cases enough has been established, but as to others, enough has not been established, to vacate the seat. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 All the circumstances of the case must be taken into consideration...
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14421479\charrsid2638114 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2638114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479\charrsid2638114 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114 
he following passage from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\super\insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2638114 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 Halsbury\rquote s Laws 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  2013}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  Vol 38A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114 
para 832}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2638114  p369}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14421479\charrsid2638114 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114 
of assistance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13454362\charrsid2638114 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin709\itap0\pararsid2638114 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 \'93
What constitutes agency on the trial of a petition is a question to be decided on the circumstances of each case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 
However, the concept of agency is much wider in election law than in other areas 
of the law, such as contract, and a candidate is responsible generally for the deeds of those who, to his knowledge, do such acts as may tend to promote his election, provided the candidate or his authorised agents have a reasonable knowledge that those p
ersons are so acting with that object. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2638114\charrsid2638114 
It follows accordingly that, in order to give in evidence the commission of such acts by an agent, it is not necessary to prove that they were authorised or sanctioned; it is merely necessary to prove at the trial tha
t the person committing them was an agent
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid16518466\charrsid2638114 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7295993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid16518466\charrsid2638114 Pokoati }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 
 also dealt with electoral agency in the Cook Islands. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 Donne CJ held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid16518466 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid16518466 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  p8-9}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16518466 : 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin709\itap0\pararsid13574683 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683 The first respondent\rquote 
s subsequent actions show he fully accepted what was done by the Minister. In such circumstances he must be bou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3951155 nd by the Minister\rquote s action. As }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683 was stated by Hosking J in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid3295839 The Bay of Islands Electoral Petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683 
 (1915) 34 N.Z.L.R. 578 at 585, 586:
\par \'93The entrusting to an agent of the acts to be done may either be in express terms or arise from implication.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683  As was said in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid5985352 The Dungannon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683  case, \'93
The circumstances of each case may differ, but that implication ordinarily must arise from the knowledge which it appears that the candidate has of the part which the person is taking in the election.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683  If that part of the business of 
an election which ordinarily and properly belongs to the candidate himself be done to the knowledge of the candidate by some other person it appears to me that the other person is an agent of the candidate, and the candidate is responsible for any corrupt
 act done by the person\'94.  In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid5985352 The Harwich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683  case the law is stated thus: 
\par \'93As regards the seat, the candidate is responsible for all the misdeeds of the agent committed within the scope of his authority, although they were done against his express directions and even in defiance of them\'85 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683 The authority may be actual or it may be implied from circumstances. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid13574683\charrsid13574683 It is not necessary in order to prove agency to show that the person was actually appointed by the candidate. If a person not appointed were to assume to a
ct in any department of service as election agent, and the candidate accepted his services as such, he would thereby ratify the agency, so that a man may become the agent of another in either of two ways, by actual employment or by recognition and accepta
nce.\'94
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid12351493 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13574683 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12351493 Also r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12277568 elevant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3951155 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12277568  bec}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13454362 ause }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 what amounts to candidate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13454362 
hospitality during an election campaign is in issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10425159  in this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12277568 , it is helpful to note that in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid16518466\charrsid13574683 Pokoati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\super\insrsid12277568 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 [1978] CKHC 1 24 July 1978 Donne, CJ p28}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\insrsid12277568\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3951155 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155  where meat, drink and entertainment was provided to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886 \'93fly-in\'94}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3951155 voters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12277568 , it was held that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid12277568\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12277568\charrsid7295993 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin709\itap0\pararsid7295993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993 I accept Mr Brown\rquote 
s submission that what was done here was consistent with traditional Polynesian hospitality.  It would have been considered by the travelling voters as their due and I am satisfied would not be regarded as a \'93treat\'94 in the sense of sectio
n 70 of the Electoral Act.  Nor should those providing the feast have imputed to them a corrupt intent in doing so, since every Polynesian knows what according to custom is required to be done for visitors: the most important obligation is to provide cust
omary hospitality.  Baron Pollock in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993 Lancaster}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993  (1896) 5 O\rquote 
M & H. 39 at 43 when considering the provision during an election of a smoking concert in a working class environment said, as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li1418\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin1418\itap0\pararsid7295993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7295993\charrsid7295993 \'93
However, that is done; that is the habit in that class of meeting; it is established from month to month and from year to year, and you cannot expect that it should be stopped because an election is coming at some time\'85.\'94
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7295993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993 Also of assistance in this area is the observation in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993 Field}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\super\insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839 At [65] p 28}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993  that an assessment of whether a gift amounts to bribery, \'93
must address the extent of the gift and the particular context in which it occurs\'94. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993 The Court there held t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886\charrsid7295993 hat \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993  there must be a de minimis defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886\charrsid7295993 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10425159\charrsid7295993 n relation to gifts of token value which are just part of the normal courtesies of life\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7295993 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4600580\charrsid4600580 24 May, 31 May and 7 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10955979\charrsid4600580 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7041755 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid342964 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 As }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886 \endash  with certain variations }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3426522 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3426522  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 three gatherings}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4600580  on 24 May, 31 May and 7 June largely followed a similar pattern, it is convenient to consider the evidence relating to all three together against the background of s 89 and the authorities.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid4600580 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [30]\tab}All three functions were org}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 anised by the CIP}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4600580  Planning Committee on Rakahanga.  The committee consisted of Puapii Ngametua Greig (known as \'93Bundy\'94)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964 , Trainee Maea, Papa }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9510838 Tuteru Taripo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964 , Maggie Taripo, Enua Maea and Ngam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 etua Tarau.  All three meetings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964 
 were held at Mr Hagai\rquote s brother\rquote s home, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 next}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964  door to Mr Hagai\rquote s own home.  Although Mr Greig said the functions\rquote 
 purpose was to get Mr Hagai\rquote s supporte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 rs together and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964 suggested}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755  the committee meetings were }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 to plan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10514886  the food}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 
 it is clear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964  the meetings were not ju}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964  to organise the refreshments.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839 
  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 Mr Hagai regarded them as campaign meetings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid3949984 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839 Evidence p 58}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492  :that was a reasonable description.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4600580 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9510838 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9510838 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 That is clear from a number of factors.  The first is that Mr Hagai spoke to all th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 ose attending}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  the gathering on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 24 May, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11623492 and may \endash  the evidence was unclear \endash  have also spoken at the gathering on 31 May).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755   Tiata Tupou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid7041755 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid10174804 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid10174804  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10174804 A witness for the petitioner}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755  recorded the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  speech, posted it on F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 acebook and an agreed translat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7041755 on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  \endash  the speech was in Maori \endash 
 was produced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 in evidence.  While the speech wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 , by comparison with contemporary political discourse}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535  elsewhere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  in reasonably te}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 mperate terms, it clearly extolled}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  Mr Hagai\rquote s ach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130 ievements for Rakahanga in his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143  four years as its MP}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1511535 , lauded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5527130  the actions of the G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 overnment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 of which he was a member, spoke}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  of future pr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 ojects assisting Rakahanga and wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 s mildly criti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 
cal of Mrs Browne.  It concluded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  by saying \'93we thought we would have a little barbecue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 , have a few drinks, but \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9510838  you have showed a good sign tonight by displaying your interest in bringing me bac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 k as your member of Parliament\'94 and,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 those of you who want to support me tonight, thank you very much\'94 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 , later,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  
\'93this is my message to all of you tonight, June the 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid9510838\charrsid9510838 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 , you have only one name to vote for, look for Toka Hagai, cross, then
 we come home and start our barbecue\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid342964 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9510838 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [32]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 
light}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 that, the conclusion must be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  that all three of the gatherings were convened by Mr Hagai\rquote 
s campaign manager and the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 IP Planning Committee }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 
 at least one of their significant purposes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143  was political, namely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 to support Mr Hagai\rquote 
s campaign for re-election. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 The gatherin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 gs had, as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143  at least }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 part }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 of their aim, the shoring up of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  support for Mr Hagai\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 
re-election}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143  among his known supporters and, possibly, waverers. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 That was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9510838  an object with which he agreed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid9510838 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  Evidence p58}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4658155  He said he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  regarded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492 the speech}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4658155  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492 
as one of the best }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838  he had made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid9510838 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  Evidence p59}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 .  It was a message intended to encourage people to think about the good things he had done for Rakahanga with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 aim that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 
 they voted for him if they wish}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5854143 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid5904571 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  Evidence p6 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 NB}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9510838 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3949984 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [33]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492 
hat said, to attendees other than Mr Hagai and the CIP Planning Committee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 , the political purposes of the gatherings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194 \endash 
 claimed to be uncommonly large by Rakahanga standards }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839 \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 cannot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3949984 have been unvarying. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 Mr Hagai delivered his speech at the first so its political purpose at that point must have been unmistakeable, but the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 gathering went on for some hours }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 by which time its pu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194 rpose may have become less obvious}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492 . There was some evidence he spoke at the 31 May function but he had no memory of so doing and, his recollection of his speech on 24 May being so vivid, it is reasonable to conclude he did not speak on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073  the second}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492  occasion, That being so,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 overt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12409194 political purpose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11623492 of the second function would only have been discern}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194 
ble from his attendance and the fact the function was organised by the CIP Planning Committee. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194 
There was no suggestion he spoke at the third gathering so, again, its political purpose would only have been discernible from the same factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073 . There might}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 
 have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073  be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 en}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073  said to have been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 some political purpose to be inferred
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073  from three similar gatherings being organised by the same people in a fortnight}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073 on Rakahanga when a General El
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 ection was in progress, but the possibility}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11406073  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 was not put that way by counsel so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11406073  that possible motive seems pallid.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11406073 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [34]\tab}T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194 o qualify as treating, the law requires }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 at least one of the purposes of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12409194  the impugned actions to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 be political}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11406073  and that that purpose also be significant. It is accepted that all three functions had a political purpose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 
but, for the reasons just discussed, the significance of their political motivation must also have varied. That }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 is a factor to be taken into account in deciding if that element of treating is made out.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3949984 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid5904571 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [35]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 
The second factor to be weighed is the nature of the invitation.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid5904571 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [36]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1511535 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 While it is clear that a large proportion of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 
those attending the functions (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 most, though }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 there were varying attendances, were pleaded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571  to have atten}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 ded all three)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571  may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542  have been supporters, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 
 lengthy lists of attendees at each of the functions appearing in the amended petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 \endash  and agreed to by the Mr Hagai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571  and his witnesses \endash  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 showed, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 when compared }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 with the number of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535  votes he received}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 , first, that those attending must have gone well beyond Mr Hagai\rquote s known supporters and, secondly, that invitations to attend were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 restricted to those supporters.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 
The invitations were extended by anybody, not just the CIP Planning Committee, and were informal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571   As an example, Tiata Topou was invited to a \'93
get together with Uncle Toka\'94 at the compl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 etion of a tennis competition on 24 May}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 So it was clear that anybody who wanted to attend could attend and, when they did, wou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 ld have heard Mr Hagai\rquote s speech}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542  directed towards}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571  his re-election.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379   Whi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 
le many of those attending may}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  not have been voters \endash  a number of children were said to be present \endash  those attending represent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  a considerable proportion of those on the electoral roll}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid597869 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [37]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14037064 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 In assessing that matter, it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 to be noted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  that Nga Takai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid1511535 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839 The name he used in evidence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid3295839  His full name in the electoral roll is Ngatokoa Takai}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 
 the Executive Officer of the Rakahanga Island Administration and the Returning Officer for the election, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 apart from a fleeting visit to one of the fun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 
ctions to collect his wife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 , did not attend any of the functions because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542  he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 
knew that s 5(6) debars any election official from holding \'93any official position in connection with any political organisation\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3426522 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 In terms of the invitations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542 , howev}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 er, there was no suggestion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542  he could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 not have attended any of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3367542  function}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3367542  had he wished.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14037064 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [38]\tab}
While much of the evidence did not differentiate between attendances at each of the three functions, there was specific evidence concerning the casualness of the invitation list for that held on 31 May because Mrs Browne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid597869 , having arrived on the island two days earlier,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064  and her family}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid597869 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 
 attended an unveiling for her late father that afternoon.  A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 lmost all the islanders were present for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064  the unveiling in accordance with custom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 
fter the traditional kaikai following the ceremony, Mrs Browne saw a number of persons walking towards the respondent\rquote s brother\rquote s home. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 She s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 aid the gathering became noisy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064  later that evening.  She did not attend the function }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 \endash  though, however unlike
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 ly it might have been, there would appear to have been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724  no bar to that and she could have politicked ther}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724 , if she wished }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4278724  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 saw no one bringing food or drink to the gathering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 but T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 iata Topou did and confirmed in}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064  evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 \endash  as did others -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 that alcohol and food was available to anybody, with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1511535 out charge, at that function.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid5904571 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [39]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1645661 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 The third factor \endash  and a major one in the circumstances \endash  was the provision of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5904571 free food and alcohol at each o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 f the functions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7340379\charrsid1645661 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340379 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [40]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9510838 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 There is a high correlation between the list of attendees in the amended petition and those }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 being present }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1645661 listed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 in the evidence of Mr Greig and others and it is clear from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9641603  all the evidence that almost without exception, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  all who attended brought food of various types \endash  taro, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 \'93famous chicken }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 curry}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 , soup, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 spaghetti, corned beef, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 pizza, fish, ika mata}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 , noodles, rice, pancakes, donuts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  and salad }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 
 and other foodstuffs were mentioned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 \endash  and many also brought alcohol, either Coopers, a local homebrew, or beer or spirits purchased through the island\rquote 
s only licensed alcohol seller, Taunga Tuteru.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340379 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [41]\tab}
Messrs Greig and Trainee Maea were the only members of the CIP Planning Committee to give evidence and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1645661 , of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1645661 
Mr Greig\rquote s list of the members, he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254  said he took}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379  nu to each function and, though his evidence did not g
reatly differentiate between the three, he said Tuteru Taripo brought alcohol and Trainee Maea brought kuru and ika mata.  Mr Maea added kopa to Tuteru Taripo\rquote 
s contribution and said he took ika mata to the second function and chicken to the third plus, possibly, alcohol.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid7340379 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2305046 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  Evidence p90}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1645661 More generally, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 Mr Greig said the Planning C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 
ommittee contributed fish, meat and poultry towards the functions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid7340379 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2305046 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  Evidence p71}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 but did not say how much.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid12076254 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [42]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 A few}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid792743 
 attendees made no contribution to the functions they attended including Tangaroa Rongo, the oorometua}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1645661  \endash  who contributed the prayers }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683 \endash }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid792743  Enuake Takai and Tiata Topou.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340379 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid792743 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [43]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid792743 
Mr Greig and Kavana Kavana, later assisted by Ratu Rodoko}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid1645661 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 A witness for the petitioner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid13574683 he island nurse and, as a Fijian, a non-voter.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 , barbecued the food.  At}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14036004 
 all functions, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14037064 nearly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904  present}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254  took part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14036004 .  Nobody paid for the food or alcohol, even though alcohol is expensive on Rakahanga.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14036004 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [44]\tab}
Looking at all that evidence in terms of the components of treating it is clear that at each of the functions on 24 and 31 May and 1 June, that is d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 uring the interval be
tween the dissolution of Parliament, Mr Hagai\rquote s nomination on 26 April}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14036004  and the election itself, free food and drink was available to any person, elector or not, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10950899 known }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 CIP }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 supporter or not, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14036004 who attended the gatherings at the respondent\rquote s brother
\rquote s home.  Some witnesses spoke of music being a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 vailable a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 t the functions so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443  it might}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899  be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  possible to conclude that entertainment was al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 so available.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 Since it has already been held that all three}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  gatherings had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 \endash 
 though with varying significance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3295839  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 Hagai\rquote s re-elec}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 tion as one if their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904  purposes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6242422 , the remaining components of s 89 which require consideration are:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14036004 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6242422 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid6242422 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 Whether Mr Hagai or \'93any other person on his ... behalf ... directly or indirectly\'94
 gave or provided or paid for the food drink and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2913645 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904  possibly, entertainment;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6242422 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}
Whether that those gifts or provisions were for the purpose of corruptly influencing voters to vot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 e or refrain; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid672904 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 
Whether the defences outlined above are available to Mr Hagai
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6242422 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [45]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9510838 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 Mr Hagai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899  attended all three functions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899  He made a political speech}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 one. He no doubt sought to curry favour at all
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 
 capitalised on and must be taken to have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  adopted the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 organising }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 actions of the CIP Planning Commi}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 ttee.  In terms of the authorities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  the committee was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10950899 therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 
either acting on his behalf or he had \'93to some extent put himself in the agent\rquote s hands\'94 or made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 common measure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid672904 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  with them to prom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 ote his re-election.  Attending and participating in meetings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  which }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 the committee organised, which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 any elector on Rakahanga might attend }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid672904 which were to boost his chances of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  re-election clearly amounts to Mr Hagai entrusting the committee with a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6242422 material part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  of his election bid.  In terms of the authorities that makes Mr Hagai resp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 
onsible for the actions of the Planning C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 ommittee in promoting his re-election.  That amounts to other persons directly or indirectly giving or providing fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 
od and drink on his behalf.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10174804  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 ccordingly that element of s 89 is satisfied.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14036004 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6242422 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [46]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 The remaining question}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid672904 s are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  therefore whether it  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 s shown to the required standard that the actions of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 Mr Hagai through }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  CIP Planning Committee were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 or were not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 corrupt within the meaning of the authorities, namel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 y in purposely doing an act which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16265443 was not dishonest but which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 the law forbi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 ds a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid672904 
s tending to corrupt voters, and whether any defence is available.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6777742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [47]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 That raises the question as to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 what occurred in the provision of food}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  drink and, po}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 ssibly, entertainment at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 the three gatherings has been shown t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 o be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  a \'93moving cause
\'94 towards Mr Hagai\rquote s re-election or whether, as held in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6777742\charrsid2913645 Hosking v Browne}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 , what w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 as
 done by the committee was merely providing hospitality }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 so }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 he, through}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  the committee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  should not have \'93imputed to them a corrupt intent... since every Polynesian knows what according to custom is required to be done for visitors; the most important obligat
ion is to provide customary hospitality\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6242422 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid1909601 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [48]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 In considering that, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6777742 hat must be kept in mind is that the three gatherings were held on a remote island with a tiny population where all the inhabitants, not just the electors, know one another, where many are related to one another, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16265443 where they socialise together }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 and where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 many work together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  particularly in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  central or local }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 government service}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13574683 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 only significant employer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874  on the island }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2572784 all, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 no doubt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  collaborate in producing the food which sustains them on an island where o}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 utside deliveries are spasmodic s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 o a degree of mutual support, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 sharing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4862685  and self-sufficiency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 to be expected, and may be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 vital.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6777742 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6777742 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [49]\tab}In the Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6777742  and, the evidence shows, also in Rakahanga, contributions towards the kaikai which common}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 ly \endash  almost invariably \endash  follow}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 
 gatherings of any sort is mutual and universal.  Only attendees such as the oorometua who contributed the prayers at t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 hese gatherings, are exempt from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742  the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 usual and customary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 obligation to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 contribute to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 attendees\rquote  sustenance at all such gatherings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784  Mr Hagai said bringing food to help the small community is a habit on Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid2572784 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14249602 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 
Evidence p 62}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6777742 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid1909601 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [50]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 It is also crucial to keep }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784 two additional things }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 in mind}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784 . 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2572784 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [51]\tab}The first is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12990024  contributions to the food and drink at the gatherings by any of those attending other than Mr Hagai and the CIP Planning Com}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 
mittee could not breach s 89: contributions by anyone else were not contributions by Mr Hagai \'93or by any other person on his .. behalf\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14316824  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1909601 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  is onl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874 y cont}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254 
ributions by Mr Hagai or the CIP}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1670874  Planning Committee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254  are relevant to whether}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14316824  s 89}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12076254  was breached}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14316824 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2572784 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [52]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784 
The second is that the terms of s 89 make clear that it is only the provision of food and drink to electors which is relevant to whether that provision amounts to treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179 . The provision 
of food and drink to non-voters is beyond the scope of the section.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2572784 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14316824 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [53]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14316824 Mr Hagai, mindful}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10561130  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  guidance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130  the Chief Electoral Officer gave}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14316824  and other MPs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  as to permissible actions by them during an election campaign, said he contributed nothing to the food or drink at any of the three meetings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14316824 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14316824 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 is evidence in that respect was not challenged.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid12990024 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [54]\tab}
Any possibility that the actions of the CIP Planning Committee might therefore have breached s 89 comes down to their contribution of food and drink at the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130  three functions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12990024   And the evidence on that is Mr Greig\rquote s acknowledgment that the committee contributed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130 an unspecified amount of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 fish}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  meat and poultry generally while the more specific evidence is that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14316824 Mr Greig contributed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10561130 nu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14316824  to each,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 Mr Taripo and his wife contributed a
lcohol to all three functions and Mr Maea contributed ika mata to the second and chicken to the third.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10561130 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [55]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130 
Set alongside the extensive list given by Mr Greig of the nature and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785 extent of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179 the contributions by virtually}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785  e
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130 verybody else who was there, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036 contributions by the four members of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130 Committee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  who took}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785  part in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130 contributing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785 what would seem to have been small amounts of}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130  food and drink }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785 to the large proportion of the island\rquote s population}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9641603 at the gatherings should be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785  properly regarded as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130  minimal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  \endash  particularly
 when it is only the provision of food and drink to electors which is relevant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036 to be no more than}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130  custom }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 requires}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10561130 
both in the Cook Islands and in Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid12990024 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [56]\tab}In the mutually supportive community on Rakahanga, the Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16199179 urt\rquote s conclusion is that, accepting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  the guidance of the \'93substantial merits and justice of the case\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid12990024 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  S 99}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179 and giving}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  appropriate weight to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904 the cited observ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14316824 ations from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9050904 Hosking v Browne }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904 as to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685  the obligations of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9050904 Polynesian hospitality,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 the minimal proved contributions by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036 members of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 the CIP Planning Committee on Mr Hagai\rquote s behalf to the sustenance at the three meetings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 
comes within the New Zealand Supreme Court\rquote s finding in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid12990024\charrsid2913645 Field}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid12990024 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  At [65], p28}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785  of a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 minimis defence in relation to gifts of token value which are just part of the usual courtesies of life\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13574683  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036 cting in accordance with, and to no greater extent than is required by, custom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179  - one of those usual courtesies - meant}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15410036  that it was not proved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992438  that Mr Hagai, through the members of the CIP Planning Committee, acted corruptly in the sense expl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9641603 ained in the authorities, of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992438  doing something }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179 not dishonestly but which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992438 
the law forbids as tending to corrupt voters: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179 he and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992438 they were fulfilling t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785 he dictates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992438  of custom, no more.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179  Their contributions were not a reward for voting in a particular way.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid12990024 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [57]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15992438 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 In light of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641603 at, the appropriate conclusion wa}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 s that the allegations of treating by Mr Hagai in respect of the meeting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  organised by his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904 electoral }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 agents}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16199179  on 24 and 31 May and 7 June were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024  not made out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 because a recognised defence was available to him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12990024 and the allegations in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9050904 amended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15992438 petition in that regard rela}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16006785 ting to those dates}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15992438  were accordingly dismissed.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\ql \li0\ri0\sb360\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7939804 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7939804\charrsid7939804 Bribery
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid16471885 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [58]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9510838 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16471885 Bribery is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10300665 relevantly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16471885 covered by s 88 which reads:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5707572 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-103\li812\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin812\itap0\pararsid15546098 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 88.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\ul\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 Bribery}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11018509 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098  Every}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 person commits the offence of bribery who, in connection with any election -
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li851\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin851\itap0\pararsid15546098 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 
 directly or indirectly gives or offers to any elector any money or valuable consideration or any office of employment in order to induce the elector to vote or refrain from voting; or
\par (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098  directly or indirectly makes any gift or offer to any person in o
rder to induce that person to procure or endeavour to procure the return of any candidate or the vote of any elector; or
\par (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 
 upon or in consequence of any such gift or offer, procures or endeavours to procure the return of any candidate or the vote of any elector; or
\par (d)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 
 advances any money to any person with the intent that that money or any part thereof shall be expended in bribery within the meaning of this section; or...\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15546098\charrsid15546098 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14484774 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [59]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5707572 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 The following passage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 \endash 
 with relevant deletions from the source to avoid repetition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 of assistance}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14484774 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2305046 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046 George v Toki Brown}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046 , Misc.33/2014, 16 September 2014, Hugh Williams J, paras 13-18}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin709\itap0\pararsid6499761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid10825775 [13]\tab T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid14484774\charrsid14484774 he elements of electoral bribery are well settled}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid10825775 .  It is sufficient to cite from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid14484774\charrsid14484774 Matapo}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid10825775  v Wigmore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\fs22\super\insrsid10825775 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-238\li238\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin238\itap0\pararsid10704397 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid10825775 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid10825775  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10825775 
 HC CI Misc.88/06, 8 December 2006 (NZT), Weston J paras [80]-[82] and citing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10825775 Cowan v Taia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10825775  Misc.80/06, 23 November 2006}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid10825775  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid10825775 where the following appears.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin709\itap0\pararsid3226887 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid10825775\charrsid3226887 \tab \tab 
The elements of bribery are:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9050904 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-709\li2126\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx2126\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl2\adjustright\rin805\lin2126\itap0\pararsid3226887 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid9050904 The giving of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid10825775\charrsid3226887 
 consideration;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10825775\charrsid3226887 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 ii)\tab}That the consideration was valuable;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10825775\charrsid3226887 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 iii)\tab}
That it was given to induce the voter to vote for the respondent candidate and that it was on the express or implied condition that the voter would vote for that candidate;
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10825775\charrsid3226887 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 iv)\tab}That the intent to do this was corrupt;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin0\itap0\pararsid11546060 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11546060 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin709\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3226887 [14]\tab In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\insrsid3226887\charrsid3226887 Tuariki v Beer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\fs22\super\insrsid6499761 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  HC CH Misc.6/2014, Reasons for Judgment 30 May 2014, Hugh Williams J, paras [99]-[102]}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid3226887  the following appears:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li1440\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3226887 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887\charrsid3226887 \'93
[99]  It is to be noted that in Wigmore v Matapo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\fs22\super\insrsid6499761 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid11608377  [2005] CKCA 1 para [63,64]}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887\charrsid3226887 
 the Court of Appeal adopted counsel\rquote s submission that \'93conferring a benefit on someone (whether an elector or not) in order to enlist his or her efforts or services to procure the candidate\rquote 
s return or the vote of some other elector, is what is covered by s.88(b).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887 
\par [100]\tab In terms of what amounts to a corrupt purpose, counsel relied on the decision of the Full Court of the High Court of New Zealand in Re Wairau Election Petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\fs22\super\insrsid6499761 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid6499761 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 
 (1912) 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 NZLR 321.326 dealing with the electoral offence of treating}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887  where the following appears \endash 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-545\li1985\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1985\itap0\pararsid3226887 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887 \tab 
In order, therefore, to amount to treating, a corrupt intention must be proved.  A corrupt intention is an intention on the part of the person treating to influence the votes of the persons treated.  The question of intention is a
n inference of fact which the Court has to draw.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li1440\ri805\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3226887 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887 [101]\tab 
The statement in Matapo v Wigmore that the standard of proof is on the burden of probability needs to be tempered with the observation that the seriousness of the allegation enhances that standard}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\i\fs22\super\insrsid6499761 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-210\li210\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin210\itap0\pararsid10704397 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Re Mitiaro Election Petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  [1979] 1 NZLR s1 at s7 cited in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 Pitt v Ioane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  s1 at s7 HCCI Misc.82/2006 31 October 2006, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  DAR }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 Williams CJ para 4.16}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid3226887 .
\par [102]\tab 
It needs to be added that it is unnecessary for the petitioner to prove that electors carried out their part of the bargain by voting for the candidate.  It is not an element of bribery that it be successful but the inducement must be coupled with an e
xpress or implied condition that the voter will vote for the respondent, even if they do not do so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\i\fs22\super\insrsid15483602 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-210\li210\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin210\itap0\pararsid10704397 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Pukapuka-Nassau Petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  HTCI Misc.134/2000 p10-12 cited in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 Pitt v Ioane}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  HTCI Misc.82/2006 para 4.15}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs22\insrsid3226887 .\'94
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li720\ri805\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin720\itap0\pararsid6499761 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15483602\charrsid15483602 [18]\tab 
It is well established that proximity }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14484774\charrsid15483602 of an alleged bribe to an e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15483602\charrsid15483602 lection is an important factor in}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14484774\charrsid15483602  deciding whether bribery has been proved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\fs22\super\insrsid15483602 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-210\li210\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin210\itap0\pararsid10704397 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602  Eg. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 
 Op cit para 716 p227-8 Andrew Geddis; Electoral Law New Zealand; Practice and Policy (2 ed 2014) para 8.3.2 p122}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid14484774\charrsid15483602 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15483602\charrsid15483602 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14484774 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [60]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid554459 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 The comment as to the burden of proof may be amplified by reference to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11546060  the Cook Islands case of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14484774\charrsid14813729 Piho v Puna}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14484774 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2305046 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6499761 
 CA 10/14, 28 November 2014, at 26}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 which, while holding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 that the standard of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14249602 proof is the civil standard on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 balance of probabil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 ities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 went on to hold that}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 the allegation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 
a finding of bribery requires cogent evidence\'94 and that standard may be reached \'93by drawing inferences from proved facts, if those inferences allow the judge to determine the matter to the higher degree of probability required\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\keepn\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid11018509\charrsid11018509 25 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid14813729\charrsid11018509 May, 1 and 8 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729\charrsid11018509 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11018509 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [61]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 first set of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5642714 bribery allegations }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 centr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060  around the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5642714 
 assertion that on 25 May, 1 June a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 nd 8 June, 7, 9 and 7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5642714  named employees were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 marked}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602  on an Island Administration}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  times}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 heet }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 as working }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5588885 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 paid by the Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 fficer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 
of the Island Administration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 when they were not at work and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 
without a legitimate excuse, they being said to have been drinki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 ng on the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885  previous days. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 ne signi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 ficant purpose of all that was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  pleaded as being political}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  namely to procure Mr Hagai\rquote s re-election.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14484774 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8484280 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [62]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9510838 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 There is limited private enterprise on Rakahanga \endash  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11546060 outposts of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 Bluesky}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885  and Bank of the Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546060 
were the only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  exampl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 es mentioned \endash  so almost all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  emplo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 
yment on the island is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  by the Rakahanga Island Administration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885  central Government. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 he allegations in the amended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 
etition all relate to the former}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8484280 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [63]\tab}The Rakahanga Island Administr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 
ation timebook in which the 22 Island A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 dministration employees and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid332611  their}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  hours of work }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 entered over the election period became a prime exhibit in the case.  But}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 
 as all the allegations in the amended petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 relating to this aspect of the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 dependent on proving that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5588885 
sland Administration\rquote s Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 fficer was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 , as a matter of law,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  Mr Hagai\rquote 
s electoral agent, it is convenient to first focus on that component}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  bearing in mind the authorities prev}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid332611 
iously considered as to when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  electoral agency arises.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid16404488 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [64]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 As mentioned, the Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 
fficer of the Rakahanga Island Administration was Nga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 Takai.  He is well versed in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  Island Administra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 
tion having been acting Island Secretary in mid-2001, Island S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 ecretary between}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid332611  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 2004-06 and again in 2011 and M}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 ayor of the Island Council from 2007 to 2010.  The last time he was involved in politics was in 2000 and, imp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 ortantly, he was the Returning O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 fficer for the Rakahanga constituency at both the 2014 and 2018 General Elections.  As earlier mentioned, in that capacity he was very aware of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 s 5(6) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 bar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 on his holding any official position with any political org}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid332611 anisation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid332611 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 e is related to both candidates.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 
 Though a witness for the respondent, he gave }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 steadfastly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 neutral evidence and w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992 as a persuasive and convincing 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10955979 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid16404488 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [65]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16404488 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280  significant portion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16404488  of the pleading as to why the Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280 fficer was Mr Hagai\rquote s electoral a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16404488 gent was deleted on 10 August.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3090452  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15294992  The remainder \endash  without the names \endash  was set out earlier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8484280\charrsid16404488 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9641680 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [66]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641680 Mr Takai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  emphasised on a number of occasions in}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641680  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 evidence that the most important thing for him is enhancing his working relationship with the Island Administration e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11816910 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641680 ployees and his overriding wish}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 
to ensure the completion of the various projects on which they are engaged.  He is, he said, \'93output rather than time orientated\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13591285 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2305046 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  Brief para 27}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  and to achieve that he is at the Island Administration building before 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641680  every morning and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13591285  insists on the workers signin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 g the timebook when they arrive and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  when they finish for the day (o
r, sometimes, by signing at the commencement of the next d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 ay\rquote s work)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  If workers fail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  to appear he gets on his motorbike and rounds them up.  He accompanies them to the worksites and often works alongside them but he said \'93I give my workers specific tasks 
and if they complete them early then I let them go home\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13591285 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2305046 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  Brief para 26}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid13591285 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [67]\tab}The months leading up to the election were very busy ones for the Island Adminis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9641680 tration.  There was a large tere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  party of Australians and New Zealanders coming to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 the island to mark}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  the coming of Christianity to Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13591285 hat necessitated the renovation of the rundown community hall to accommodate them as well as the gathering of a considerable amount of food to feed them.  The island was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 preparing for a large}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  number of its citizens}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  to travel to Rarotonga for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 
Te Maeva Nui festival in early August.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 nd there was the usual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 
time needed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285  for employees to grow or gather sufficient food to support themselves and their families}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398  in addition to gathering that required for the visitors
\rquote  hospitality}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 .  The Island Administration allocated one day a week for the renovation work to begin with but, as the visit approached and the work was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 
still }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 not completed, it extended that in May and June to four or five days a week.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11816910 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [68]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 Although, after he returned to the island on 1 May}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  Mr Hagai participated in the renovation work as part of a working bee, no other part of the Mr Takai\rquote s duties invo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11816910 lved the respond}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 ent.  Other than the forwarding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  of the nomination form, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 
here was no evidence of cont}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 act between Mr Takai and Mr Hagai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  in the run-up to the election.  As me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 
ntioned, Mr Takai, apart from a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 brief }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 domestic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 
visit, did not attend the three meetings which are the subject of the treating allegation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 He never heard}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602  Mr Hagai\rquote s speech}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9392256 There was no evidence to suggest that Mr Hagai was in any way involved in the payment of the Island Administration employees.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13591285 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6374137 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [69]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 In those circumstances, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 in terms of the law of electoral agency, it is clear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  Mr Hagai did not employ or authorise Mr Takai to do anything concerning payment of the Island Administration employees}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  payment wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910 
s not election work.  Mr Hagai wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11816910  not shown to have authorised or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  adopted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11816910 any part}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 Mr Takai\rquote s work.  Payment of the Island Administration employees was quite separate from the election and formed no m
aterial part of it.  Mr Takai deliberately did not act in support of Mr Hagai\rquote s candidature and did nothing to promote his re-election.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6374137 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [70]\tab}In those circumstances, the only availab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 
le conclusion wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 s that Mr Takai was not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  shown to have been Mr Hagai\rquote s electoral agent in any of the ways pleaded and accordingly th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 e whole of that allegation failed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [71]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14249602 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 For completeness, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 
here are difficulties reconciling the names in the pleading }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 with the lists in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256  the amended petition because in the electoral roll the surname appears fi
rst unlike in the balance of the amended petition but, even so, some names were never mentioned in evidence and some differ from the pleading.  The lists included surnames that witnesses did not use and contr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14249602 actions which were unexplained. Additionally, w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 ith certain exceptions, the employees listed in the amended petition all have their times of working entered in the timebook for t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 he days listed though there appear to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 significant di}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 screpancies.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137   }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 Reconciliation is accordingly problematic. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14249602 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [72]\tab}Further to that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5636398 , on 25 May H Tianini}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  is shown as being on sick leave, T Thorpe and T Takai have no hours listed for 1 June and on 8 June T Thorpe, H Tianini, C Setephano, P Hagai and S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 Aratangi are shown as being on annual leave and T Maea with time off.  Such entries are normally made by Mr Takai.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6374137 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [73]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 
Against that, Mrs Browne saw few workers at the hall on 1 and 8 June, Tuanga Tuteru said that on 8 June Noah Tianini, Sema Aratangi, Lesley Thorpe a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 nd Riki Aramu were at Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11018509 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 Tianini}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 \rquote s house drinking and in no condition to work, Ratu Rodoko said that he was drinking with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3880172 Tuteru Taripo, Ngatakoa Elikana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3956117  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 and Lal Narayan on the early morning of 1 June and continued drinking all day from the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 five cartons of Heineken beer b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 ought from Tuanga Tuteru early that morning.  He said that abo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4862685 ut midday Noa Tianini and France}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 s Tupunga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 nga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 ro came to the house and were both intoxicated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117  He said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137  Noa Tianini, Tamaro Thorpe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 
, Temu Greig and the others mentioned di}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 d not go to work that day. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 Pupuke Robati also said that on 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 \~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 June about 10am he went to Noa Tianini\rquote s house where he, Franc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12591316 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 s Tupunga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7165521 nga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 ro, Semi Aratangi, Temaru Thorpe and Riki Aramu were drinking.  Riki Aramu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117  and Franc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12591316 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 s Tupunga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 nga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 ro are not G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 
overnment employees.  Later that morning he went to Tuteru Taripo\rquote s house and found h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 im there with Lal Narayan.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 oth were drinking and did not go to work that day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6374137 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9968533 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [74]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3880172 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 As far as 1 June is concerned, of those able to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 
be identified in the timebook }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533  T Thorpe has no hours entered, others may have entered hours in the timebook and the timebook entries for 8 June have already been recorded.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3880172 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3880172 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [75]\tab}It may be that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729  it was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3880172  those inconsistencies }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 lead counsel only generally}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 
 to endeavour to reconcile the work records and the workers in their final submissions.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3880172 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [76]\tab}Further to that, although Mr Takai\rquote s entries in the timebook f
or annual leave, time off and the like may not have entirely married with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 facts or the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 
evidence, it seems inherently unlikely that someone who is so diligent in rounding up his employees for work would not have followed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 up on fairly widespread absenteeism}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3880172 
 of the Island Administration employees from work, particularly when he and they were under considerable pressure to complete the projects on hand, especially the renovation of the hall.  It seems implausible that Mr Takai would have done such a thing, 
and the allegations were dismissed on that basis as well.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3956117 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [77]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 Electorally, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533  significance }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 of that conflicting evidence could}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533  only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3880172 en}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533  if Mr Takai authorised payment to the named Island Administratio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10576599 n employees on 24 May and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 
 1 and 8 June when they were not at work, were absent without a legitimate excuse an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 d that Mr Takai in so doing was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9968533 acting as Mr Hagai\rquote s electoral agent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 
ince the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533  proposition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3880172 of agency }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 has already been dismissed it must follow that all the allegations }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 of the commission of electoral offences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 in relation to workers being paid for their unjustified abse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 
nce from work on those days were consequently also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533  dismissed. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9968533 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [78]\tab}For all those reasons, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 the allegations in the amended petition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3956117 of bribery }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 relating to 25 Ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 
y and 1 and 8 June fail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 ed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9968533 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10954274\charrsid11018509 12-18 June 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274\charrsid11018509 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8540056 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [79]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056 The bribery}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 
 pleadings concerning the events of 12-18 June were recounted earlier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610\charrsid476610 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7297946 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [80]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 On 12 June the caretaker Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 
inister and leader of Mr Hagai\rquote s Cook Islands Party, the Hon Henry Puna, travelled to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 his home electorate of Manihiki.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7297946  H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 e was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 immediately }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 ferried to Rakahanga and spoke }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid476610 that evening }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 to a meetin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 g of about 40 CIP}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274  supporters and their families held at Mr Hagai\rquote 
s brother\rquote s home.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10954274 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [81]\tab}Recollections varied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 
as to the content of the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 inister\rquote s speech.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7297946 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [82]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 Mr Greig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid8540056 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid8540056 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid8540056 
Brief para 28}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946  recalled the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 rime}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946  Minister saying}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 
 there would only be two things after the election namely that they will}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610  be happy and celebrate or apare}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 
 to comfort someone a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 fter a death.  Meti Tarau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid8540056 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid8540056 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid8540056  Brief para 25}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 , the M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 
ayor of Rakahanga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 Prime Minister }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 wished those present to stick together, to be strong }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 for their party }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 and not to apare}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 
 after the election.  Ka}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 vana Kavana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid8540056 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid8540056 
\chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid8540056  Brief paras 37 & 38}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946  recalled the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10954274 inister talking about extending child support for parents an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 d of his efforts to get a vaine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274  Rakahanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7165521 , a better vessel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946  to ferry passenger}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274  to and from Manihiki.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10954274 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [83]\tab}What i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 s clear is that i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 n questions and answers during the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 ister\rquote s speech the Mayor\rquote s wife}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4206389  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 Mata (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 or Moni)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 Tarau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 Dean }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 first }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 
asked him first whether the gathering was breaking any law by getting together so }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 cl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 ose to the election, and received a positive response. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 She then asked whether it \'93would be al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 l }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 
right if we were to have a holiday on Thursday (Election Day)\'94 to which he responded that electors had to be given time off to vote and in that sense there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946  would be a holiday on 14 June, but that i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 t }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7297946 was up to the Mayor and the Island G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 overnment if there were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 o be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  time off on Friday, 15 June, and it was more important for them to decide how the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 y wished to spend their time}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  on the Thursday}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  either by celebrating a win or mourning a loss.  All the speeches were in Maori and the q}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 uestions and answers were, the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 inister said, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid476610 made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 in a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 jocular fashion and in a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 jovial atmosphere where he was speaking to known CIP supporters.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10954274 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8540056 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [84]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056 Mr Puna is a long-serving}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  poli}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 tician and knew}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219  a Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 inister has no power to grant public }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 holidays }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 somethin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 g}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 he thought his listeners }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 knew }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11018509 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 he said in evidence that it has been a practic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4206389 e for as long as he c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 ould remember under successive G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 
overnments for polling day in the Northern Group to be a day when people vote but do not turn up to work.  He accepted that the Rakahanga Island Council }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 
has no legal power to grant public holidays but he said from time to time they h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 ave done so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219  and that the practic
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 e applies in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  all the Cook Islands other than Rarotonga.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid4206389 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [85]\tab}Cross-examined on the speech, Mr Puna said he laughed at the second question and responded in }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 Maori}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389  that she should \'93ask your husband, he\rquote s the boss, whether people }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 get time off on Friday\'94 but acknowledged:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin1134\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4206389\charrsid4206389 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1013481 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4206389\charrsid4206389 
here has been evidence that people were told that you had declared a holiday on Friday.  Will you accept the people could have taken that from what you said?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid11018509 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid4206389\charrsid4206389 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 A.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-360\li1134\ri804\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin804\lin1134\itap0\pararsid11018509 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4206389\charrsid4206389 I guess if they wanted to take it, yes, they might have.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4206389\charrsid13465382 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7165521 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [86]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 Though not an electoral matter, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 t was put }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 to him that the informal practice of giving G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 overnmen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 t employees holidays without}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1013481  appropriate legal backing was an irresponsible use of public money.  He replied that it was appropriate in the right circumstances that Island Councils grant time off to their employees whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 
n circumstances warrant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11018509  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid5725020 He instanced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481  w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 
hen the solar array was opened o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 n Rakahanga and the Island Council gave its workers time off for the rest of the day.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid1013481 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2037139 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  Evidence p125}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481   It was, he thought, appropriate t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 hat Island Governments sh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 
ould have the discretion to make such a call even though it involved expenditure of public funds.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14499219 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [87]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14499219 What followed the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 inister\rquote s 12 June speech was a matter of controversy.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid1013481 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [88]\tab}What was acknowledged was that Una Banaba}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid15741208 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676 A witness for the petitioner and the only witness who gave evidence by Skype}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 , the finance officer fo
r the Rakahanga Island Administration and, on 14 June, working in the polling booth, wrote, on the afternoon of Monday 18 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 words \'93ELECTION DAY (HOLIDAY)\'94 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 n the time book for 14 June and the words \'93HOLIDAY BY PM\'94 at the top of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056 page for 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 .  She did that, she said, because, on the afternoon of 14 June,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5202701  she was told by Mr Takai, the Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 fficer, \'93that I didn\rquote t need to come in on the 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid1013481\charrsid1013481 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 , the day after the election, because it was a holiday given by the PM and so I asked him about the 14 June and then he also told me that it was a holiday as well\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid1013481 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2037139 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  Evidence p37}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 .  On the afternoon of Monday 18 June when 21 and 20 of the Island Administration\rquote 
s employees respectively had signed the timebook for 14 and 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid1013481 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-224\li224\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin224\itap0\pararsid10704397 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  Excluding E Kararoa
 on 14 June and Una Banaba on both days although her entry for 14 June is marked, in red, \'938-4 electoral duties\'94.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481  she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 said she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 put}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020  the endorsements in it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481  \'93as a reference for me when I do the payroll for the workers in case some of them hadn\rquote 
t signed in by the time I have given our timesheet excel sheet then I would know why they didn\rquote t sign it\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid1013481 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \fi-284\li284\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin284\itap0\pararsid2037139 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2037139  Evidence p37}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid1013481 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [89]\tab}The thrust, if not the precise wording of Una Banaba\rquote s evidence as to Mr Takai\rquote 
s direction was vehemently rebuffed by him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139  in the following passage:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013481 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri946\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin946\lin1134\itap0\pararsid919725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13465382 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 
Did you authorise her to write that [the words at the top of the timebook for 14 and 15 June]?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri946\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin946\lin1134\itap0\pararsid919725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13465382  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 No.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13465382  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 
She says that on Monday 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\super\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139  you}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139  instructed her to write t
hat.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13465382  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 She
\rquote s lying.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri947\sb120\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin947\lin1134\itap0\pararsid2647676 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13465382  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 ...
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri947\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin947\lin1134\itap0\pararsid2647676 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 When did you first see the words Election Day, holiday, holiday by PM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2647676 
, when did you first see that? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri946\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin946\lin1134\itap0\pararsid919725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 The week after the election.  I told her not to write anything inside the timebook because she has no right to write anything in the time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid5202701 [book]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139  but she}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2647676  never listens. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 
Did you say anything to her that would cause that, was there anything yo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2647676 u said to her about a holiday? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid919725 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 No.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\fs22\super\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194  Evidence p104-5}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13465382 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2037139 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [90]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139 Additional evidence bearing on the topic came from Tuanga Tuteru}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid5202701 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676 A witness for the petitioner}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139  who was the supervisor of the hall renovations and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139 overseer of all Island Administration workers on Rakahanga.  He said that there was no work on 14 and 15 June because:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri804\sb360\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin804\lin709\itap0\pararsid2037139 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 \'93
I was instructed by the executive officer on 14 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid7165521 une that he was advised by the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2037139\charrsid2037139 
inister that public servants working for the administration would not be required to work on those two days\'94.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2037139 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139 and that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139  of the 23 public servants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139  all but two \endash 
 Una Banaba and Ngatokoa Takai who were working in the polling booth on 14 June \endash  did not show up to work on both days and that \'93the administration workers did not work on 15 June because}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 
 it was a holiday given by the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139 inister\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid2185194 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194  Brief para 10}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2037139 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2185194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [91]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 In cross-examination he said the word}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5202701 
s quoted were exactly what the Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 fficer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  told}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208  him on 14 June,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2185194  and that the instruction was given him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
 8am that day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 , even}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  though some workers would have been at work for several hours at that point.  On 14 June he voted, then went home but signed the timebook }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 for 14 June }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 on 18 June \'93as instructed by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 Executive O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 fficer\'94
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid2185194 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2185194  Evidence p48-50}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4206389 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2185194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [92]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sa120\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid925687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 Taunga Tuteru\rquote 
s evidence on the point was not, unfortunately, directly put to Mr Takai.  The relevant passages read}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid15741208 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602 Evidence p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2647676 107}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2185194 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri805\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1134\itap0\pararsid925687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 In respect to Tuteru, did you give him any instructions about holidays-
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri805\sb120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1134\itap0\pararsid925687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 
I can't remember doing that, usually I would write if there's like a public servant meetings, holidays like that I would write it out and put it on the wall in our administration office.  But I told him that, I can't see the reason why I told him that, be
cause I had, if I told him that then I would expect him to go out and tell the workers that its a holiday-
\par Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 That would be his job, would it?
\par A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 Yeah because he\rquote s the overseer but I can\rquote t remember saying that.  Like I said I usually write it down and pin u
p in our administration office.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li709\ri805\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin709\itap0\pararsid10704397 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri805\sb120\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin0\itap0\pararsid925687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid925687\charrsid925687 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15741208 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid15741208 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid10704397 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid10704397  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10704397 Evidence p109}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid925687\charrsid925687 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri805\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1134\itap0\pararsid10704397 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 Taunga Tuteru has said that you told him on the morning of the 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\super\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687  that he didn't have to go to work, did you tell him that?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri805\sb120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1134\itap0\pararsid925687 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 I might have but I can't remember but usually I would write it on a piece of paper an
d put it in the office for when workers come to sign the timebook they can see this saying okay its public holiday or we're going to have a public servant meeting.
\par Q.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 So did you tell workers there would be a public holiday on 14 June?
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri805\sb120\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin805\lin1134\itap0\pararsid13576770 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 A.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid925687 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid925687\charrsid925687 I didn't say that but like I said I never attended that function for the PM for me to note that the PM agreed to have a public holiday.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid13576770\charrsid925687 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid13576770 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [93]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\sl360\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid919725 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770 As preliminary points to a more general}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 
 consideration, it is held}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 one of the significant purposes of the 12 June visit was political and that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521 
, though not pleaded as such,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 Prime Minister wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770 s Mr Hagai
\rquote s agent in the electoral sense discussed in the authorities. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770 Mr Hagai invited the Prime Minister to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 
 island.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10704397  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459  He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7165521  probably spoke at the meeting. He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459  obviously hoped}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770  the halo effect of the Prime Minister\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 s visit would}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13576770  redound}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11617447  in his favour in the election two days later and assist in his campaign for re-election. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 
He thereby entrusted material aspects of his electoral campaign to the Prime Minister.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447  However, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 ree interrelated questions arise from that:
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2185194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \fi-708\li1417\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx709\jclisttab\tx1417\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1417\itap0\pararsid2185194 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 Did the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208  Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 inister declare 14 and 15 June to be public holidays on Rakahanga and was a significant purpose of that announcement to assist in Mr Hagai\rquote s re-election?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid15741208 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 Did Mr Takai know of the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 inis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 ter\rquote s declaration and instruct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 al
l the Island Administration employees, including }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 Una Banaba and Tuanga Tuteru}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
 that 14 and 15 June would be public holidays?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2185194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}If the answer to (a) and (b) is in the affirmative, what were the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 legal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 consequences?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid15741208 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [94]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 As to the first question, the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 inister,
 a lawyer, an experi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 enced politician and one who kno}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
 the limitations of his office, was suitably cautious in response t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 o the second question from the M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 ayor\rquote 
s wife.  He did not declare 14 and 15 June to be public holidays}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 , or appear so to do.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459  In a jocular fashion, h}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 merely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 
old the gathering of supporters what their options were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  after commenting on the gist of s 50 as to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 14 June, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 Elect}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 ion Day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459  As to 15 June, he made it explicit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 were there to be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  time off o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 
 that day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208  was a matter for the M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 ayor and the Island Government}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 , not for him or central Government.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2185194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [95]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14898036 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 Although he accepted that those who were so minded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid554459 might
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3933247  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 interpret}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
 his remarks as saying he had declared a holiday on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 14 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 15 June, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 or both, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14898036 in light of the words}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5725020 Prime Minister }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 actually used}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 it could }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14898036 be by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 a purposive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 , perhaps even wilful,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194  misinterpretation of his actual reply }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 by anybody with that frame of mind }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 ld have led to such an conclusion}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 , a conclusion which could have had no foundation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 nd the remarks about a possible celebration or a wake are no more than the possibilities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 available to any politician or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
 party after an election.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036\charrsid14898036  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14898036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [96]\tab}Then it must be remembered that the Prime Minister\rquote 
s claimed declaration was only made to a gathering of CIP supporters, not to Rakahanga electors at large.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 
 Had there been any declaration that everybody on the island \endash  CIP and Democratic supporters alike, voters as well as non-voters, Island Administration employees and those not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051  so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036  employed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 to have two days\rquote  holiday, it might have been expected that there would have been evidence of the dissemination of that news. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 Bar Tuanga Tuteru, there was none. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14898036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [97]\tab}
Additional to that, had 14 or 15 June or both been declared to be public holidays, it is likely there would have been evidence of the wider population of the island taking advantage of the declaration. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 Again, there was none.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14898036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [98]\tab}And, had the declaration been found as pleaded, its possible impact in persuading vote}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8540056 rs to support Mr Hagai would}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036  have been diluted by the declaration benefitting all the island\rquote 
s population, not just those voting for him or being likely so to do.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036  That would have undermined the s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 88 requirement that the Prime Minister\rquote s declaration must have been directed towards Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 Hagai\rquote 
s re-election or was made to influence electors\rquote  votes
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6039768 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [99]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 Summing all that up}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14898036 , analysis of the Prime Minister\rquote s remarks shows that, alert to his powers, he answered the second question by differentiating between 14 and 15 June, was careful to do no more than summarise s 50 in relation to the former, an
d make no promise in relation to the latter. In relation to 15 June, he did no more than refer his questioner, the Mayor\rquote s wife, to her husband\rquote 
s Council, which, if anybody was to take up her suggestion concerning the practice, was the body to do it. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 The 
Mayor said the council did nothing about the proposition. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 It would have made little sense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051  when}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036  work was already behind schedule and, after all, Island Administration workers }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 (and electors) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 
were, on 14 June, doing no more than their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 civic duty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7356237 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [100]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2647676 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 The conclusion wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2185194  accordingly that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 it had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15741208  not been shown that the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 inister, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7356237 at a political meeting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 on 12 June, declared that 14 and 15 June would be public holidays on Rakahanga.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2185194 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [101]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 As to the second question, the high points for the petitioner are, of course, Una Banaba\rquote 
s evidence of being told }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13723310 by the Executive Officer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 on the afternoon of 14 June }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9840939 
and again on 18 June that 14 and 15 June were public holidays}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13723310 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9840939  coupled with her annotations in the timebook}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 . }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 There is also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13723310  Tuanga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3933247 Tuteru\rquote s evidence of having been instr
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13723310 uc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 ted by Mr Ngatai on 14 June of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3933247  advice he had received }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13723310 
from the Prime Minister that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3933247  Island Administration employees did not need to work on those two days.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3933247 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [102]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3933247 In that regard, it is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 significant that Mr Takai\rquote s only contac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303 t with the Prime M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 inister during his visit was to exchange greetings as he was embar}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 king on the morning of 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303  June. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303 Mr Takai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014  did not attend the 12 June mee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7356237 ting, maintaining his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014  neutral stance, and there is no 
evidence of any attendee telling him what was said to have occurred on the previous evening about holidays.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 
It follows that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303 Tuanga Tuteru\rquote s evidence that Nga Takai told him what the Prime Minister was said to have told him must be erroneous.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3933247 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8127303 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [103]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14898036 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303 Mr Takai was forthright in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014  rebutting Una Banaba\rquote 
s evidence about his instructions and, as already mentioned, was a convincing witness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768  His evidence was accepted and accordingly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 the appropriate conclusio}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 n was that Mr Takai\rquote s evidence wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 s the more credible and consistent
 and that he gave no instructions about holidays to Una Banaba or Tuanga Tuteru and in fact did not know of the suggested public holidays until 18 June.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3307014 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [104]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 Thirdly, it is significant that the claimed instructions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7356237 were not said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036  to be given until, illogically, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 workers were already at work }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303 on 14 June }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 and there was no evidence of Mr Takai following his usual practice of notifying those affected by a notice in the administration building near the timebook.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid3307014 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [105]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14898036 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 True, Una Banaba annotated the timebook as she did, but there was strong evidence of her prev}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8127303 ious disobedience of Mr Takai\rquote s instructions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014 in that regard, and it is noteworthy that she did not make the endorsements until the following Monday}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014  18 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3307014  and then made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8127303 them}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051  mainly as a prompt for her when making up the Islands Government\rquote s employees\rquote  wage records.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14898036 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11416023 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [106]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 
Before dealing with the evidence as to attendance and non-attendance at work of Island Administration employees on 14 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 15 June, there are two}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  issues}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768  to note}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 .  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11416023 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [107]\tab}The first is that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11416023  although Isla}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447 nd Administration employees are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  paid by the hour, the evid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 
ence was they were still paid for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  public holidays}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid11416023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid10173087 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid10173087  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10173087  Evidence p76}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11350900 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11416023 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [108]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 On that basis, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11617447 it must be the case that all }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 Island Administration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 ( and other) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 
employees would be paid for 14 and 15 June regardless of whether they worked}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898  S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11416023 o the fact that they were paid for those days would have had no impact on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11617447  the Island Council\rquote s financial position and the most}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 
 the petitioner could allege in this r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6449753 egard is that, on those two days, the Island Government}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  had t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15867870 
o meet the cost of the employee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15867870 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  wages but received nothing of v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8408051 alue in return, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 despite the Island Administration being under pressure to complete the various projects.  The other side}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15867870 
 of that is that because all}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  Island Administration employees were to be paid for 14 and 15 June irrespective of whet}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15867870 
her they worked, even if had it been found that the pleaded}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051  declaration of 14 and 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15867870 ublic holidays had been made}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 having no financial impact }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 it is unlikely that the declaration would have had any significant influence on the way the workers voted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15867870 so could not have amounted to the corrupt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023  or illegal practice of promoting or procuring Mr Hagai\rquote s re-election.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2185194 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11416023 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [109]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 The secondary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2059898 preliminary comment is that s 50 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 quires every employer on Election D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898 ay to allow every worker-elector to have time off }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6910330 before 4pm }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6910330 or voting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898  and debars any employer deducting from the worker-elector
\rquote s wages any sum in respect of a reasonable time taken to cast their vote, breach being a criminal offence.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11416023 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2059898 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [110]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898 
In relation to the Rakahanga election that means the 23}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid2059898 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid10173087 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid10173087  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10173087  Including Nga Takai and Una Banaba }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898  Islan
d Administration employees were statutorily entitled to a reasonable time off to vote without deduction from their wages.  In fact, the evidence shows that so many voted early on 14 June that by mid-afternoon Una Banaba and Nga Takai were aware only a han
dful of electors had not cast their vote, but the relevant point for present purposes is that at least for a reasonable period of 14 June the Island Administration employees would not be at their usual work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 
place but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898  would not be penalised in their wages.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8408051 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [111]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 That had the result}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10173087  of explaining the movements of some of the workers during that day and in part explains why Mrs Browne and others saw so few working on the hall on Election Day.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2059898 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10173087 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [112]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 To the extent the amended petition pleads}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6910330  as a corrupt or illegal practic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 e the payment of electors despite their not working, the effect of s 50 diminishes the impact that might otherwise have had.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 in relation to 14 June.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10173087 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [113]\tab}What was the evidence as to attendance or non-attendance at work on 14 and 15 June?
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10173087 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [114]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9395006 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 Mrs Browne saw none of the
 administration staff at work on 14 and 15 June except for Nga Takai and Una Banaba.  Una Banaba worked as an electoral official on 14 June but did not work the following day (and did not sign the timebook for that day).  Taunga Tuteru who, as supervisor 
of the employees, was probably in the best position}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087  other than Nga Takai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10173087  to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883  observe the situation said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087  Una Banaba }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6910330 and Nga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10173087  Takai (on 14 June) were the only workers who showed up on both days and listed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 the 21 he said were absent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8408051 He also listed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087  seven other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 s who are central Government, not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 Island Administration}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 employees }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 and ar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 
e therefore not in the timebook who he claimed were absent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8408051 from work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  on both 14 and 15 June.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006\charrsid9395006  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9395006 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [115]\tab}Una Banaba said that \'93I know on the 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\super\insrsid9395006\charrsid13783812 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  no one worked and even on the 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid9395006\charrsid13783812 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  I didn\rquote 
t see anyone working but added \'93as we get closer to lunchtime through the afternoon they would\rquote ve completed most of their jobs by that time except when they\rquote re working on the church hall\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid9395006 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9395006 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 37}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 .  Her capacity to observe workers\rquote  actions on 14 June was h
ampered by her electoral duties that day but she explained her evidence as to the absences of 15 June by saying that most of the work is done outside and she passed the church hall between 9-10am and there were no activities there for some hours afterward
s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid9395006 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9395006 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 40}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid10173087 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [116]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 Against that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 , Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13765130  Hagai said that on 14 June people}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  signed and voted and went home }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 but on 15 June he saw public servants go}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6039768 ing to work on the hall}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  next door to his house an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 d indeed helped with the work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 
 on the hall on the morning of 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768   Mr Greig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  sai
d that on 15 June he worked half a day at the machinery shed near the administration bl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 ock with eight named others}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 
 dismantling a scaffold and they spent the afternoon ferrying th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 e ballot boxes to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2690883 Lady Moana }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 
 moored offshore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130   The mayor, Neti Tarau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 , said}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 
 all those listed in the timebook worked on both 14 and 15 June but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 was clearl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 y relying}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 no more than }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 the entries in the timebo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 
ok so his evidence in that regard carried the matter no further.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid13765130 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [117]\tab}However, he said that it has long been a practice on Rakahanga for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2690883 Island Administration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 workers on El}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883 ection Day to go to work, sign}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 
 the timebook, exercise their vote and go home}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13765130 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 81}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  and that although he believed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676  \endash }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883  erroneously, it was accepted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2647676 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2690883  Island Councils have the legal ability to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13765130  declare public}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  holidays for overworked staff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  he did nothing in that respect in May or June 2018}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid13765130 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 82}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10173087 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid13765130 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [118]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8786921 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130 Trainee Maea went to work on 14 June, voted at about 2pm and s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9395006 pent the rest of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921  day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  at the workshop before he went home.  He also worked on 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid13765130 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 91}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 .  He was doing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13765130  work for the road on
 14 June and maintenance on the tractor on 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13765130 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 92}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10704397  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 Nga Takai said that on 14 June people were working collecting rubbish after signing in and then went to vote}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid13783812 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 106-7}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812  but he was occupied at the polling booth for the rest of the day.  On 15 June he organised t
he employees to shift the island boat from its anchorage to the wharf to ferry th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 e ballot boxes to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid8786921 Lady Moana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid13783812 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 108}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 .  He worked all day on 15 June}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13783812 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 116-7}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812  mainly organising the workers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812  collection of the rubbish with the tractor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid13783812 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 117}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 .  The employee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 s on 15 June were working }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid8786921 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 n the machinery shelter though he accepted that on 14 June most worked on their own projects after voting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13783812 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 118}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 .  Kavana Kavana signed the timebook on 14 June, went to work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 , voted about 10am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10685486 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13783812  went home, being unwell, but returned to work at the machinery shed and worked all day on 15 June, though }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 he accepted his timebook record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 
 was inaccurate for those days}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid13783812 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid15746575  Evidence 95-6, 98, 99}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812 .  He listed at least}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 
 nine workers other than he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812  who worked with him on the scaffolding on 15 June.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13783812\charrsid8786921 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid8786921 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [119]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 The conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3292717  to be drawn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 from that conflic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 ting evidence is that, although the entries in the timebook for 14 June are erroneous to some degree, that is partly because they make no a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 llowance for the s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  50 absences and seem to be no more erroneous than the eight hours claimed on other d
ays.  The evidence, especially that of Nga Takai, is that he distributes the workplan for the day when the workers sign in at the administration building about 8am but that if they complete their allotted tasks before the claimed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 8 hours has expired, the practic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 e is that they may go about their own}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921  busine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 
ss or, on occasions, do paid wor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  outside those hours, including at night}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9395006 fishing or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 accumulating food for the tere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  party or the Te Maeva Nui expedition.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 On many days, n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 ot }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8786921 
ust on 14 and 15 June, the timebook contains multiple \'938.00-12.00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 , 1.00-4.00\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 
entries, but those, while accepted as being accurate enough for wage payment records, often, the evidence showed, do not reflect the hours actually worked by the Island Administration employees.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3292717 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340505 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [120]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 As far as the 
timebook records for 15 June are concerned, while not all the employees gave evidence, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 
 such as Mr Greig,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  Trainee Maea and Kavana Kavana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  when seen in association with Nga Takai\rquote s evidence}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 ndicates that most of the emplo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 yees were occupied }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 at their allotted tasks }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 in the usual way dur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 ing that day and the evidence to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 
 the contrary from the petitioner\rquote s witnesses was mainly because of the numbers of employees at the machinery shed rather than working on the hall.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340505 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [121]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6098366 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 In terms of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 amended petition, it was therefore not}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 established to the required standard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 Island G}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 overnment employees who were electors were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 wrongfully }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 paid on 14 and 15 June \endash  especially the latter \endash 
 despite not being at work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 ccordingly the allegatio}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 ns of corrupt or illegal practic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 in that regard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 we}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 re not made out.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6039768 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9392256 Barbecue Comment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6039768\charrsid6039768  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid6039768 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [122]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6039768 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 
The next aspect relating to the events of 24 May is the claim Mr Hagai committed bribery and treating by stating at that day\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449  gathering that on 14 June, \'93
you have only one name to vote for, look for Toka Hagai, cross, then we come home and start our barbecue\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6039768 .
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid5380721 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [123]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9392256 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5380721 That statement,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 
 whilst taken directly from the transcript of his spe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5380721 ech, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 within the proviso to s 89 in that it was clearly 
\'93hospitality according to local custom or practice\'94 after the poll had closed in the sense that the offer was only}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449  open after people had voted. It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 
 therefore did not amount to treating}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9392256 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [124]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15861449 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 Similarly and for the same reasons, it did not amount to bribery
 because, to offend against s 88, the comment must have been \'93in connection with any election\'94 and, once electors had voted, the election was, for them, over.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5380721 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9392256 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [125]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5380721 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256 In relation to both claims, it must also be doubtful that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10685486 , since he made no offer to pay for or provide sustenance for the barbecue,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9392256  Mr Hagai\rquote s invitation was of sufficient value to amount to \'93valuable consideration\'94 or to be a \'93
gift or offer\'94 made with the required intent to induce }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5380721 or influence voters\rquote  intentions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14813729 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [126]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14813729 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 In the context of a General Elect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 ion 
and in the Rakahanga environment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 , this, too, should be seen as an offer of \'93token value which are just part of the usual courtesies of life\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14813729 
\chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14813729 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid10704397 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid10704397  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid10704397  Field at [65]}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449   and, as noted, his actions we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 re protected by the proviso to s 89.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6098366 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14813729\charrsid6098366 Nomination Form}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729\charrsid6098366 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14813729 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [127]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6098366 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 Dealing finally with the nomination pleading, although Mr Takai was involve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 d in the nomination of Mr Hagai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729  in the sense that he may well have forward}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 ed the latter\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14813729  nomination form to the Chief Electoral Officer, nothing hangs on that as far as the petition is concerned. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 That was no more than }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 Mr Takai }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 complying with his duties as Returning Officer under Part 4, especially s 36.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729\charrsid14813729 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14813729 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [128]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14813729 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 Further, s 31 requires nomination forms to be signed by \'93
at least two registered electors of the constituency for which the nomination is made\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14813729 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14813729 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid2305046  S 31(1)(b)}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 
Mr Takai did not sign the form as a nominator and, even had he done so, there is no disqualification for someone like him, a Rakahanga elector, doing that. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 
Nomination merely enables a person to become a candidate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid14813729 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14813729 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6098366 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6098366 \'93Candidate\'94 as defined in s 2}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 , so is a neutral, not a partisan action, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366 \endash }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729  particularly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14813729 affected Mr Takai\rquote s position \endash  could not be said to infringe s 5(6).
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid14813729 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [129]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9395006 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14813729 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006  allegation accordingly failed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7340505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7340505\charrsid7340505 Conclusion
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340505 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [130]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8484280 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 As demonstrated by the con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 
clusions recorded in the Results Judgment and in these Reasons for Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 , all the allegations in the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 mended petition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7340505  having been dismissed, the amended}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285  petition itself wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 s dismissed.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340505 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [131]\tab}
Any issues of costs will be dealt with in overall judgment once the current round of election petitions is concluded.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid7340505 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [132]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14751165 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 The certificate required by s 104 appears }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 
as a schedule to the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12203285 Reasons for Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1785220 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15746575\charrsid14751165 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\ql \li0\ri0\sb360\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15210443 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\cf6\insrsid10516455\charrsid10516455 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14312889 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5969886 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15210443 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5969886 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7700381\charrsid1324953 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15688643 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1324953\charrsid1324953 _____________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7700381\charrsid1324953 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6766758 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7700381 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1324953 Hugh Williams, CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14312889 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7340505 \page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid7340505 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s49\qc \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15746575 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid15746575\charrsid15746575 SCHEDULE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9395006  1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid15746575 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid15746575\charrsid15746575 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7340505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7340505\charrsid7340505 
Certificate of Court as to Result of Election for the constituency of Rakahanga
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15746575 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15746575 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 T}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 o the Chief Electoral O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 fficer 
\par At the conclusion of the hearing of an amended election petition brought in relation to the Rakahanga constituency in the General Election of 14 June 2018 the Court certifies that it determined that Toka Hagai, a candidate for the said c
onstituency, was duly elected and returned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14751165 as a Member of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505  the Parliament of the Cook Islands.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7340505 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9571616 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15746575 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9571616 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 ........................}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9571616 
.............................}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7340505 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9571616 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7340505\charrsid7340505 Hon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid6098366 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7340505\charrsid7340505  Justice Hugh Williams CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7340505 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \f43\fs24\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid6098366 \page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid6098366 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s49\qc \li0\ri0\sb360\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6098366 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6098366\charrsid6098366 SCHEDULE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6098366 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6098366\charrsid6098366 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11546950\charrsid16518190 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [133]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s49\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11546950 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950\charrsid16518190 While resort to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 
Courts of Disputed Returns, such as this one, 
are a not uncommon feature of electoral contests in other jurisdictions, the invariable invocation of the Courts jurisdiction following General Elections in the Cook Islands means the Court becomes part of the electoral process.  That may be seen as unfor
tunate given resolution of the petitions and recounts following a General Election inev}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 itably delays the formation of g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 
overnment and the calling of Parliament and can be argued to downgrade the democratic process in the Cooks.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid9395006 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [134]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 On the other hand, it is, of c
ourse, of prime importance that both elected MPs and the general public have the confidence that due electoral process has been followed and the former }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 have been elected correctly. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 To that end, resort to the Courts, as provided by law, is perfectly legitimate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9395006 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid2366027 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [135]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 However, m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11546950 uch of tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 t might, arguably, be avoided w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 ere the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 Electoral Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11546950  to be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027  amended so as to constitute a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 
 small, independent Electoral Commission with an adjudicative function to determine all objections to inclusion or exclusion from the electoral rolls, subject only to appeals to this Court for errors of law, law which is now reasonably well settled.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 
That would formalise the informal actions now taken by the Returning Officers and the Chief Electoral Officer under ss 24-27, but would have th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 e advantage of restricting the s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2366027  28 right of appeal to appeals for error of law only.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s49 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\dbch\af0\langnp5129\insrsid11546950 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [136]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 
  Further, experience shows that petitions based on the alleged commission of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 electoral offences very often}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 
 involve the provision of hospitality by way of food or drink to electors.  But}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15861449 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  given that meetings of almost any type in the Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 followed by a kaikai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\super\insrsid11546950 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\sl276\slmult1
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\cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid12061885 
 Involving the giving of food but not always alcohol}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 , if the offences of bribery and treating are to remain corrupt practices and electoral offences,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6098366  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 to align them with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4810874 the way of life in the Cook Islands, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 consideration might perhaps be given}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  to amend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2366027 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  the Act to extend the exemption of \'93hospitality according to local custom or practice\'94
 in s 89 to the giving of ordinary Cook Islands hospitality }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4810874 by candidates }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950 during the period between the close of nominations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs52\super\insrsid4810874 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s51\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f43\fs20\lang2057\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs52\f0\super\insrsid14249602\charrsid6098366 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid14249602\charrsid6098366  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\insrsid14249602  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\insrsid14249602\charrsid6098366 Definition of \'93candidate\'94 in s 2}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11546950  and the closing of the poll on Election Day.

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\par }\pard \ltrpar\s49\qr \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx709\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6766758 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7340505\charrsid6766758 
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