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\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2364405 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2364405 \chftnsepc \par }}\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\headerl \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs22\insrsid5902658 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 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\li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5902658 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5389603 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7559864\charrsid5389603 IN THE HIGH }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid4681792\charrsid5389603 COURT }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7559864\charrsid5389603 OF THE COOK ISLANDS \par HELD AT RAROTONGA \par (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid4681792\charrsid5389603 CRIMINAL}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid7559864\charrsid5389603 DIVISION)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid12846229\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12846229\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8001029\charrsid5389603 PLN: 13/11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 TAAKOKA ISLAND VILLAS LIMITED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par v \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 TRAVIS MOORE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5389603 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid8546885\charrsid5389603 Hearing:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12846229\charrsid5389603 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid8546885\charrsid5389603 15 December 2011 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid4681792\charrsid5389603 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12846229\charrsid5389603 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 L Rokoika for the Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 C Petero for the Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4681792\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\insrsid4681792\charrsid5389603 Date:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid12846229\charrsid5389603 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 15 December 2011}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid5729536\charrsid5389603 (delivered orally)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid4681792\charrsid5389603 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5389603 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid15411159\charrsid5389603 DECISION OF THE HON JUSTICE GRICE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\ul\insrsid15349981\charrsid5389603 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5389603 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid16672649\charrsid5389603 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 This is an application to strike out the proceedings by the defendant on the ground that no reasonable cause of action was disclosed and upon furt her grounds it refers to, in the affidavits of Travis Moore and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5729536\charrsid12846229 the memorandum of counsel.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15680501 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12473307\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12473307\charrsid12846229 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 grounds were further refined }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12473307\charrsid12846229 today}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 at the hearing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 The case itself involves a longstandin}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 g matter between the parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 ounsel for the defendant annexed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 to his memorandum }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 a decision of the then }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 Chief Justice Williams}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 , in proceedings plaint OA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5729536\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 1/08}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 sets out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 the chronology and history of the litiga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 tion up to October 2009.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16672649 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 This particular claim is a claim by the plaintiff against Mr Moore in relation to the excavation of sand on a property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 Statement of Claim alleges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 that the plaintiff is th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 e lessee of property at Aremango}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13898838\charrsid12846229 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 ection 7A1A2 for a term of 60 years from 1\~September 1988.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 further }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 alleges as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li709\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 3.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 The def endant is a land agent and has acted on instructions from one of the landowners, Ruta Tupangai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 and/or Mrs Tupangai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 s son, Parau}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \~Tupangai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \par \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 The claim goes on to record that in various and diverse dates in 2008 the defendant instructed certain individuals to enter the property and excavate and remove sand and the sand has not yet been replaced.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 There is a large hole in the property, which it is alleged renders it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5393368\charrsid12846229 unusable and a risk to the user}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 s of the property.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 The first cause of action, and I will set the causes of action out in full, is in trespass and reads as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 Wherefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15273199\charrsid12846229 the plaintiff claims trespass to the property against the D}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10436270\charrsid12846229 efendant and the particulars are as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159\charrsid12846229 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15273199\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15273199\charrsid12846229 The D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 efendant, whether on his own accord or on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15273199\charrsid12846229 instructions of the landowner } {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 Mrs Tupangai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 or Par}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 u Tupangai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 was under a legal duty not to interfere with the property that is vested in the plaintiff by virtue of the lease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11796596\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11796596\charrsid12846229 The Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 has suffered injury or loss as a direct result of the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 s breach by excavating and removing sand from the property which has now resulted in loss to the plaintiff to reinstate and rem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 ediate the property, being 5,000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid799670\charrsid12846229 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11796596\charrsid12846229 x $90 per cubic metre = $450,000.00.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 The second claim is in nuisance as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15411159 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 Wherefore the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 lainti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 ff claims nuisance against the D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 efendant the particulars are as follows: \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 The D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 efendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5729536\charrsid12846229 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 whether on his own accord or o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 n instructions fro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 m the landowner }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 Mrs Tapangai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 Parau Tapangaia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 was under legal duty not to interfere with the property that is vested in }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16003239\charrsid12846229 the plaintiff by virtue of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5729536\charrsid12846229 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 ease.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14573911\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14573911\charrsid12846229 The P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 laintiff has suffered injury or los}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14573911\charrsid12846229 s since the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 roperty has a large hole in it which will cost $450,000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14573911\charrsid12846229 .00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 to reinstate and remediate. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 The final and third cause of action is in conversion as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9400414\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14573911\charrsid12846229 Wherefore the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 laintiff claims conv}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14573911\charrsid12846229 ersion of the sand against the D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 efendant and the particulars are as follows: \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 Upon severance from the P}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 roperty by way of excavation, the sand became goods capable of being converted. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 The D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 efendant was under a legal duty not to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 interfere with the sand as the Plaintiff is the lessee of the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 roperty from which the sand was extracted. \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s31\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 The D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 efendant unlawfully assumed ownership of the sand without authorisation by excav }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 ating and removing it from the P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 roperty. \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s31\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16079841\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11141245\charrsid12846229 The D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 efendant wrongly interfered with the sand by excavating and removing it from the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13898838\charrsid12846229 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 roperty.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5661582\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s31\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5661582\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s29 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid5661582\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5661582\charrsid12846229 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12005018\charrsid12846229 Plaintiff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 has suffered loss as the excavation removal of the sand has created a large hole in the property which will cost $450,000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5661582\charrsid12846229 .00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 to reinstate and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5661582\charrsid12846229 re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 mediate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16079841\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 The claim then goes on to claim $450,000 for special damages and various other claims, including general damages and exemplary damages}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid4222586\charrsid12846229 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 as well as interest and costs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5846596 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 The application to stri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid4222586\charrsid12846229 ke out is made on three grounds}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13898838\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 First, that the wrong defendant has been sued}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12155114\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12155114\charrsid12846229 This centres on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11041348\charrsid12846229 the Defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11041348\charrsid12846229 s contention}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 that Mr Moore is the agent of Mrs\~Tapangaia.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 It is set out in counsel for the defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 s memorandum that the defendant is a registered land agent and he has acted for Mrs Tupangaia in respect of land and civil matters since December 2003.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 He then goes on to say that h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11041348\charrsid12846229 e was acting on instructions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11041348\charrsid12846229 He says}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 if anyone is liable for the removal of the sand it is Mrs Tupangaia who instructed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5729536\charrsid12846229 Mr }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 Moore.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 Mrs Tupangaia is bankrupt.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 It then goes on to say the plaintiff knows this and the pl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11041348\charrsid12846229 aintiff should be pursuing the Official A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 ssignee, not the defendant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16079841 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 The second head of the application to s trike out is based on an allegation that the claim is grossly overstated and an abuse of process}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8655786\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8655786\charrsid12846229 This is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 summarised at paragraph\~12 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8655786\charrsid12846229 f the submission.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8655786\charrsid12846229 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 he defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8655786\charrsid12846229 says the claim is for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 cost of the removal and reinstatement of the sand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12525549\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12525549\charrsid12846229 But this is not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 the cost tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12525549\charrsid12846229 t he considers it should }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 be.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 The final head of the claim is that the claim is vexatious a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 nd intended to embarrass.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 his is}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 base}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 d on two matters.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 First}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13174722\charrsid12846229 ,}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 as set out in the memorandum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13174722\charrsid12846229 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 one of the majority shareholders filed a claim in New Zealand against Mrs\~Tupangaia and the defendant for $6 million, then broken down apparently to sub-claims}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10232173\charrsid12846229 T }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 he claim received significant media coverage in the Cook Islands. Once that had occurred, Mr Clark withdrew th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9000386\charrsid12846229 e claim.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9000386\charrsid12846229 This}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 is set out at paragraph\~13.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 In paragraph 14 the claim is that the plaintiff has made a claim that bears no resemblance to reality.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 It should have been a maximum of $30,000, in which case there would have been little or no media interest at all.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9000386\charrsid12846229 The memorandum says:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 As it is, there was a half-page story of the $500 claim published locally with pictures of the excavation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1792673\charrsid12846229 urning to the principles which govern the application of the power to strike}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 out a claim, there appears to be no contention between counsel as to the applicable provisions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16079841 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 To summarise, the Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 approaching a strike out application must consider the following criteria:}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 Assume pleaded facts are true; that is not to say that the truth of pleaded allegations should be accepted if they are entirely speculative and without foundation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 Causes of action must be clearly untenable.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 They must be so clearly untenable they cannot possibl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 succeed.} {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 The jurisdiction will not only be sparingly exercised, or exercised sparingly in a case where the Court is satisfied that it has the requisite information.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li1418\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 I also refer to the decision of Hugh Williams J in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634\charrsid12846229 Tuaki v Tuakana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 , Te Wheta & Ors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 , High Court Cook Islands, 30 September 2010, plaint 11/2010, where His\~ Honour said:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid14041634 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 5) \tab Rule 131 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the High Court gives the Court power to strike out proceedings if they disclose no reasonable cause of action.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 6)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 \tab The body of law which governs applications to strike out is well settled.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 7)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 \tab Applicants to strike out proceedings on the basis they disclose no reasonable cause of action must show the pleading is so clearly untenable, where}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15545162\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 as a matter of law or incontrovertible fact, tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 t it cannot possibly succeed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 The jurisdiction is exercised sparingly and only in clear cases where the Court can reach a settled conclusion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 That applies even in complex cases.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 The hurdle to strike out proceedings is deliberately set high so as not to impinge on citizens}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 rights of access to the Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 Successful striking out proceedings are more often based on assertions that the claim is incapable of success as a matter of law, rather than a matter of fact, because Courts, on striking out the proceedings, do not and cannot embark on any consideration or disputed factual issues.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333\charrsid12846229 Finally, if a proceeding can be satisfactorily amended, the Courts will almost always follow that course and give the party whose claim is under attack an opportunity t o amend rather tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 n the proceeding be struck out.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16201333 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \fi-709\li1418\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 Turning to this case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 he first head that the agent should not be sued, but it should be the principal who is the defendant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 Mr Petero submitted that an agent is jointly and severally liable with the principal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11287731\charrsid12846229 He took me to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid13967130\charrsid12846229 paragraph\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 162 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 Halsbury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 s Laws of England}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 , fourth editio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15545162\charrsid12846229 n, in the Agency volume, it says:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li709\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 162}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid10301164\charrsid12846229 An }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 Act expressly authorised, where a principal gives his agent express authority to do a particular act, which is wrongful in itself, or which necessarily results in a wrongful act, the principal is responsible, jointly and severally with the agent, to third persons for any loss or damage occasioned thereby.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s29\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 Ms Rokoika referred me to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 decision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 Blenheim Burrow and Wairau Riverboard v British Pavements Canterbury Ltd}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 (1940) NCLR 564.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 The issue appears to be whether the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 iver }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 oard had the authority to grant permission to take the river gravel and the Court found in fact it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 did not.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 It seems the case is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 rather off the point here.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 I also refer to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 Bowstead}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 and Reynolds on Agency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 19th edition, Sweet and Maxwell}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5902658\charrsid12846229 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 at para 24.11, page 714}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8134263\charrsid12846229 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 , which deals with agent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 s liability for third parties outside contract, and in particular liability for conversion.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 And I read}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid5393368\charrsid12846229 from that passage, 24.14:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 The general rule, stated by Roma J, in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 Barker v Furlong}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 is that: \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s29\ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 Where an agent takes part in transferring the property in a chattel and it turns out that his principal has no title, his ignorance of this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 fact affords him no protection.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid12071611\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12071611\charrsid12846229 I accept that the law in relation to liability of agents and principals is not straightforward}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 .} {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12071611\charrsid12846229 I anticipate that that is going to be an issue at trial upon which there will be evidence, but for the present purposes it seems to me the causes of action are sufficient such as if the pleadings are taken at their face there is a cause of action availabl e. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 The law of joint and several liability allows the agent to be sued }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 jointly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 and severally.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 Assuming the facts are true that are pleaded the causes of action are tenable against Mr Moore.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 This is not a head under which I would make an order striking out the proceedings.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12071611 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 The second matter is the quantum of the claim.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 This can be dealt with quite shortly.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 The defendant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 '}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 s memorandum an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 d his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527\charrsid12846229 affidavit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 referred to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 material concerning quantum.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 It attached invoices and material concerning estimates for removal and reinstatement of gravel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 here is an issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 is clearly a matter that needs to be dealt with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 a hearing.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 The evidence needs to be tested at trial.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609\charrsid12846229 This is not a head under which the proceedings should be struck out under the above principles.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid8604527 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15016143\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15016143\charrsid12846229 Finally, turning to third head that the claim is vexatious, this is related to the previous head in that the claim, it is alleged, is far too high and designed to draw attention from the media and others.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15016143\charrsid12846229 Again I do not consider this head justifies striking out the claim on the above principles.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid11799609 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12846229\charrsid12846229 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s23 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\langfenp2057\insrsid15016143\charrsid12846229 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar \s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15016143\charrsid12846229 Accordingly, the application for strike out is dismissed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid1658202\charrsid12846229 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid15818809\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid12915590\charrsid12846229 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s23\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12846229 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid4681792\charrsid12846229 _______________________ \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid9454973\charrsid12846229 Justice Grice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid16672649\charrsid12846229 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang2057\langfe2057\langnp2057\insrsid332160\charrsid12846229 Signed 27/3/2012 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