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\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16347501 Barker JA (Presiding)
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Mrs T Browne for Appellants
\par Mr N George for Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12940633\charrsid3429175 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12940633\charrsid6229821 Date of Hearing:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 26 November 2007}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12940633\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid6229821 Date of Judgment:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid6229821  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12940633 30}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  November 2007}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12940633\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3672179 {\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9379899\charrsid3429175 JUDGM}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3672179\charrsid3429175 EN}{
\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9379899\charrsid3429175 T}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3672179\charrsid3429175  O}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid3429175 F THE COURT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9379899\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid13520703 INTRODUCTION
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6563801\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455623 [1] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
This is an appeal from a judgment of Hingston J given on 22 August 2006 in which the Judge granted an application for rehearing a previous application decided by Smith J in a judgment given on 19 September 2005. The original application concerned eight pa
rcels of family (as opposed to title) land. The essential issue in dispute was whether an adopted child (not of the blood-line) could take an unrestricted interest in l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2313424 and pursuant to s. 446, Cook Isl}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455623 ands Act 1915 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1197720 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 the Act').
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455623 [2] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Mrs Browne for the Appel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455623 lants argued that Emma Moetaua (}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1197720 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
Emma") took an unrestricted interest in the eight parcels of land pursuant to two judgments given in 1968. Mr George accepted that Emma took an interest thereunder but said it should have been a life interest rather than unrestricted interest. In eff}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8725496 ect, Mr George argued that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 1968 judgments were wrong.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455623\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12455623 [3] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 S. 446 focuses attention on what it calls "Native custom". It is in the following terms:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9972760\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14443679 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1513495 "Succession to deceased Nat}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1513495 ives}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 - The persons entitled on the death of a Native to succeed to his real estate and to his personal estate so far as not disposed of by his will, and the persons entitled on the death of a descendant of a Native to succeed to his interest in Native freehol
d land, and the shares in which they are so entitled}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9972760 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4220840  }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4220840\charrsid4220840 
shall be determined in accordance with Native custom}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid4220840  so far as}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12717173\charrsid4220840  such custom extends;}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12717173  and shall be determined, so far as there is no Native custom applicable to the case, in the same manner as if the deceased was a European.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 " (emphasis added)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10908553 [4] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 This case has followed a complex }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 p}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 rocedural }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
ath. It is necessary for some of the details of this to be canvassed even though the matters in dispute can be summarized as in paragrap}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10383694 h [2]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  above. There are two main reasons for setting out this detail. First, it provides important context in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10180467  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 which to understand the 1968 judgments, and a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10180467  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
more recent decision of this Court. Secondly, we wish to say something about the procedure that has been followed in this case.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10180467\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10180467\charrsid10180467 A PROCEDURAL}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10180467  HISTORY
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10180467\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1580583 [5] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 We start with the 1968 judgments. The first is a decision of Chief}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Judge Mor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 g}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
an dated 29 August 1968 wherein he determined who would succeed to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1580583  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
the interest of Tuokura Maeva in the eight parcels of land. At the end of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1580583  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1580583 
 closely-reasoned judgment, he }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 determined that Emma should succeed to Tuokura.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1580583\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1580583\charrsid931154 [6]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid931154  This}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 had been an opposed application. Makeanui Ariki opposed succession in relation to all lands, except Tutakimoa Section 14E where there was no }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid740088 o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 pposition. We w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8592570 ould be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid858901  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 inclined to treat that parcel as a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8592570  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
special case but we think it unnecessary to do so as a result of our other findings.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8592570\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8592570\charrsid8876727 [7] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid8876727 In the course}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 of his judgment, the Chief Judge noted that the rights of an adopted child }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
not of the blood) to succeed to land of the foster parent had always been "somewhat confusing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123513 \u8243\'3f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
. He went on to review the "two extremes}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  of the argument. On the one hand, an adopted child (not of the blood}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  could receive no more than a life interest. On the other hand, there were many}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12590754  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 cases where such children had taken unrestricted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12590754  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 interests.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123513 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123513 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15745903  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The Court found there was no absolute rule as to the relevant custom. It was a matter of evidence in each case. Here, the evidence supported the making of success
ion orders in favour of Emma. Such orders were made. They were unrestricted.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6123513\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2579707 [9] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 There was then an un}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid858901 successful appeal by Makeanui Ari}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
ki against the decision of Chief Judge Morgan. In accordance with the then Court structure, this appeal was determined by the Land Appellate Court. For all present purposes, a decision of the Land Appellate Court is to be regarded as a decision of the Cou
rt of Appeal (s. 20 The Constitution }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2579707 Amendment Act (No. 9)1980-81).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2579707\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [10]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
The Land Appellate court said of the first instance decision:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid84094\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9009613 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 "The decision and this appeal }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 turn}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  on the rights of adopted children to succeed to the inter}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid84094 ests of their adopting parent}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833 s."}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid84094\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16455081 [11] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The extent of those rights (the rights of a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16455081 
dopted children to succeed) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 depended on custom. Without setting out a comprehensive view, the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 C}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 ourt posed the essential question for resolution in the case before it as follows:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16455081\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16455081 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 "does the law or Native
 Custom preclude a legally adopted child from succeeding to the interests of its adopting parent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14443679 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7354513 
\par [12]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
The Land Appellate Court concluded that Emma was not precluded by custom from succeeding. Therefore the appeal failed and the succession orders made by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833\charrsid10173580 Chief}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  Judge Morgan effectively were upheld. For}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7354513  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
convenience we will refer to the combined effect of the judgment of Chief Judge Morgan and of the Land Appellate Court as the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13588552 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 8 judgments".
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1859987 
\par [13] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 That was where the matter lay until 1996 when an application was made to the High }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16584198 Court pursuant to s. 450, Cook I}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 slands Act. S. 450 is in the following terms:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12469849\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8354212 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12469849\charrsid12469849 "Revocation of succession order}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid12469849 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  - a Succession order }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid11286131 made in error
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  may be at any }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid204130 time }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid204130\charrsid8354212 revok}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid8354212 e}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3875100\charrsid8354212 d}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid8354212  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 by the Land Court, but no such revocati}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833 on shall}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10908123  affect any interest th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10908123 retofo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
re acquired in good faith and for value by any person claiming through the successor nominated by the order so revoked." (emphasis added)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8354212\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8354212 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 14}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8354212 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 We shall return to that application
 shortly. Before we do, we note various developments that occurred in the period between 1968 and 1996 which, ultimately, have some relevance to our decision.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10908123\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4880668 [15]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
First, we acknowledge and refer to a paper prepared by the House of Ariki and forwarded to the Legislative Assembly in 1970. This paper was entitled "Maori Customs approved by the House of Ariki 1970". This paper}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4880668  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 was follo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4880668 wed in 1977 by a Statement of }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Maori custom made by the first Koutu Nui of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4880668 Cook I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
slands.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225 [16] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Both of these papers we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833 re reviewed by a Commission of I}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
nquiry into Land presented to the Queen's Representative on 25 March 1996. This Commission made various recommendations concerning the rights of adopted children to succeed to land. None of these recommendations has been adopted by the Legislature.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [17]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225  The }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
second intervening event was that Emma died on 23 January 1982}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7044074 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 Her death does not appear to have generated any immediate applications to the High Court concerning her land.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225\charrsid1342941 [1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225\charrsid1342941 ]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941  The applicati}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6506922 on referred to in paragraph [13]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 
 came before Dillon J in the High Court. This s. 450 application was made by a Mrs Parker in relation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12202225\charrsid1342941  t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3868157 o}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941  two of the eight parcels of land}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7044074 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7044074 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 t appears to be accepted that the issues raised by Mrs Parker were essentially the same as those now}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1451005  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 being advanced by the Respondent. Mrs Parker argued that a succession order made in 1918 should be revoked becaus}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1451005 e Pau Tairi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941  had not died without issue, contrary to the assumption made in 1918.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1451005\charrsid1342941 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 [19] Dillon J, in his decision of 31 January
 1996, rejected Mrs Parker's application. Mrs Browne appeared as counsel in that case to oppose the application. Mr Lynch as counsel appeared in support. On page 2 of his}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16456644  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 judgment, Dillon J referred to both counsel making submissions. This seems to put paid to Mr George's suggestion that Mrs Parker was unrepresented.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14570970\charrsid1342941 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 [20] Mrs Browne argued that Dillon J was bound by the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3868157 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 
968 decision of the Land Appellate Court. However, the Judge was not necessarily persuaded by this, preferring to base his view on the evidence before him}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9258233  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid1342941 
(it appears that the hearing had occurred on 13 December 1994). In the event, he was not satisfied that the evidence adduced provided any basis to revoke the relevant succession order. Hence the failure of the application.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9258233\charrsid1342941 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16676582 
[21] Later, in or about November 1996, Dillon J made succession orders in relation to the eight parcels of land (these were not before the Court but it is common ground that such were made). Emma had died without issue.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7346187  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16676582 The succession orders were made in f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3868157 avor of her uncles and aunts}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2712764 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3868157  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16676582 
We understand that such would be a properly orthodox order if Emma held the parcels}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 of land on an unrestricted basis (as Mrs Browne argues). Mr George's subsequent application (see below) focused on these succession orders.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
\par 
\par [22]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3891394  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
Three years later, further applications were brought pursuant to s. 450 of the Act. These applications resulted in two judgments of the High Court, g}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16141261 iven by Smith J, on 14 December }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 1999. Hearings had been conducted before Dillon and McHugh JJ but both had died before giving judgment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2433967\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [23]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2433967 The first of Smith J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 's judgments concerned another application by Mrs Parker. He dismissed the application, concluding there was no}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603637  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 substantive new evidence before him.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
He said new evidence was little more than an elaboration upon the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11603637  evidence rejected by Dillon J in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  January 1996.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8736320\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [24]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8736320  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The second of }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11016323 Smith J\rquote s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  judgments}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8736320  concerned an application by Mi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3868157 i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9721286  Collier. I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 t is n
ot entirely clear from the judgment which of the eight parcels of land was involved. It involved at least one of them but possibly more.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11016323\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448227 [25] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The judgment records a submission by the applicant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13448227 that, in 1968, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4938685  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 family had "consented}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12065833 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  to Emma succeeding b
ecause her adoptive mother "left a will." There seems to be good evidence that Tuokura desired that Emma should succeed to the eight parcels of land. This application, like the first, failed. The Judge considered himself bound by the Land Appellate Court 
decision of 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3868157 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 68 and referred, f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468 urther, to the doctrine of }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468\charrsid3868157 res j}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid3868157 udicata. 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468 [26]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  In October 2003 this Court issue}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468 d its judgment in }{
\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468\charrsid16672797 Maui}{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6627035\charrsid16672797  Short v}{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797  }{
\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468\charrsid16672797 Whit}{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797 taker}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797  }{
\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6627035\charrsid16672797 and Ot}{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797 hers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  (CA 3}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1715476 /}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 2003). Mr George, in large measure, based his case on this, and we return to it below.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11556468\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923397 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 27]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
On 3 March 2005, the Respondent was formally declared by Smith J to be the title holder Tairi Te Rangi Rangatira. It appears that Mr Strickland has been recognized in this title since 1990. Mr George relied on the formal}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4923397  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 declaration in 2005 as justifying the steps then taken by Mr Strickland.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid943311  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 But, as will become clear, we do not believe that declaration is particularly relevant.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid943311\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [28]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
In 2005, the Respondent brought an application in his name pursuant to s.450.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
It concerned all eight parcels of land. The Respondent sought to revoke the succession orders made by Dillon J in late 1996. There was no express attempt to challenge the unrestricted succession orders made in 1968 in favour of Emma.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid943311\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10503931 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 29] This application
 was dismissed by Smith J in a judgment dated 19 September 2005. In short, he considered he was bound by the 1968 judgments. Smith J mentioned Mr Strickland's status as title holder. But he clearly di}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11863713 
d not consider it determinative.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11863713\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10104917 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 30]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Mr Strickland}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4414753  was not satisfied with Smith }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2760860 J}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 s decision. Mr George, on his behalf, filed both an appeal to this Court and, also, an application for a rehearing pursuant to R 221 of the Code. He elected to proceed with the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2760860  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 application for rehearing and in our view must be taken as having abandoned the appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2760860\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [31]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
Hingston J was prepared to entertain the R 221 application but did not say}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10841514  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 that he was doing so.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 As noted below, we believe he acted incorrectly. Following prompting from the Court, Mr George accept
ed that he had proceeded under R 221 because he thought he stood a better chance of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14319386\charrsid10173580 succeeding}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 compared to the proper route using an application under s. 390A of the Act. While we commend his candour, we do not approve the course taken by him. We understand, however, that that course may re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10841514 
flect a practice that has grown}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  up in the Land Division of the High Court. If there is such a practice, we deprecate it.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5071093 [32] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Hingston J heard evidence and argument in February 2006 an
d issued his judgment, a brief two pages, in August 2006. This is the judgment under appeal. We discuss this judgment in more detail below.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14819591\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4799175 [33}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14819591 ] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
This superficial summary (even so, it is longer than we might desire) illustrates just how many times the resp
ondents have had to resist attack in relation to the subject land. While we express no view on the merits, we note it is entirely unsatisfactory that they should have faced so many challenges, even though all (or virtually all) appear to have raised essen
tially the same issues. And Hingston J's telescoped decision to allow the rehearing would have generated a further hearing still.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14819591\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid14819591 THE JUDGMENT OF HINGSTON J
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14819591\charrsid14819591 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6570418 [34]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
The judgment was prefaced with a statement of the following issues. As noted earlier, he did not canvas whether this was an appropriate occasion for the use of R 221. The issues were:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15743874\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12782785 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 "(1)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Are the persons who succeeded to Emma Moetaua}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15743874  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
in the various lands the subject of this applications (sic) the correct successors; if not should this Court revoke the 1996 orders.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid219416 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12782785\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid219416 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 (2)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1197720\charrsid10173580 If}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  the Court revokes the 1996 succession order are}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid219416  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 the Howard Strickland group represented by Mr Georg}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12782785 e the persons properly enti}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 tled to succeed and if they are should the Court make succession order (sic) in their favour".}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6449136 [35] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The Judge referred to the competing arguments of Mr George and then Mrs Browne. Mr George relied upon the }{
\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797 Maui Short}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 decision of this Court and the 1970 report of the House of Ariki: Mrs Browne relied upon the 1968 judgments. The Judge then said he accepted Mr George's analysis of }{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797 Maui Short}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 . He apparently saw this judgment of this Court as reducing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16529741  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 the significance of the 1968 judgments (he said the judgment of the Land Appellate Court was "not }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16529741\charrsid10173580 helpful}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8411818 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 ). He reasoned that Emma had a life interest only. He 
appears to have overlooked that the 1968 judgments were not properly before him for decision (as we discuss below).}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8988090\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [36]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 He concluded:}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13126946\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2118248 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 "I am of the opinion that I should grant a rehearing, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13126946\charrsid10173580 primarily}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  because on what is before me Smith J did not address th
e question of whether the succession orders made by Dillon J in 1996 were inherently wrong because custom required Emma Moetau's (sic) interest determine on her death."}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15743874 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13126946\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2118248 [37] I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
n Hingston J's opinion, Smith J had made an error of law. This conclusion was reached on his interpretation of the }{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797 Maui Short}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  decision and his analysis of the consequence of that on the 1968 judgment. The Judge reserved the merits of the case for further argument consequent upon granting the rehearing.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2118248\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11213890\charrsid8872731 MAUI SH}{\b\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid8872731 ORT v WHITTAKER }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid8872731 
AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THIS CASE}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid732707 
\par }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11213890\charrsid11213890 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2644029 [38]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
This judgment of this Court concerned the right of an adopted child (of the blood line) to succeed to the land interest of her natural parents. Her}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8872731  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 brothers and sisters, and other blood relatives, opposed her right}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7555108  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 succeed.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7555108\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7555108 [39}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 It was not a case concerned about the rights of a
dopted children (not of the blood) to succeed to the land interests of foster parents. The Court made no reference to the 1968 judgment of Chief Judge Morgan nor of the Land Appellate Court.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7555108 [40] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The Court considered the issue of custom by reference to the 1970 and 1977 pap}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8411818 ers and the 1996 Commission of I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 nquiry discussed above. Paragraphs [29] and [30] of the judgment of this Cou}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1062329 rt are particularly revealing. I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12926318 t would burden this judgment }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
unnecessarily if those}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12926318  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 paragraphs were repeated in full.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 But they make it clear that adopted children can inherit land rights through adoptive parents.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12926318\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12926318 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 41]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 Although, on the facts of that case, the claimant child was of the blood, we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2295719  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 do not read the judgment as requiring a re-think of the 1968 judgments. They are simply n
ot addressed and no necessary implication exists that they should be re-considered by this Court.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12926318\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [42]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
The Court repeatedly (see, for example, paragraphs [24] and [30]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2295719 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 made the point that none of the recommendations in the various material has been implemented by the Legislature. Mr George, in his }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12661087\charrsid10173580 submissions, invited}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  us to fill that void but we see no role for this Court in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 regard. It is properly}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12661087  a matter for the Legislature.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13518845\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13518845 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 43]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 We accept that identifying land interests through the relevant blood lines is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3423861  of cardinal importance in Cook I}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 slands custom.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
But, on the basis of the materials before us, we cannot reach a conclusion that as a matter of custom, an adopted child, who is not of the blood, only ever takes a life}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8484878  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 interest. There will be circumstances when that is so but it is not an inevitable conclusion in all cases.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11233133\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [44]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
In our opinion, Hingston J misinterpreted the decision of this Court in }{\i\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid16672797 Maui Short}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 . That decision does no
t support a conclusion that Emma had a life interest only. In our view, the 1968 judgments remain good law. Consequently it is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
Hingston J, and not Smith J, who has erred in law.
\par 
\par [45]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 These findings would be enough to dispose of the appeal. Because we have
 significant reservations about the procedures adopted we now address those as well.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8093450\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid2757417 PROCEDURAL CONCERNS
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8093450\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [46]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
This Court has two particular concerns. First, that R 221 was relied upon as the basis to set aside the judgment of Smith J. Secondly, that the 
s. 450 application originally made to Smith J raised no objection to the 1968 judgments but, nevertheless, directly confronted the orders made therein. We now address those two concerns.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12399363\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [47]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
This court is reluctant to make wide pronouncements about proce
dures in the Land Division of the High Court. Clearly that division deals with large numbers of applications, many of which do not involve lawyers. Equally clearly, a degree of flexibility may be desirable.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3568058\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [48]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 At the sa
me time, the Land Division is bound by the law and the Code of Civil Procedure. In cases such as the present there should be no reliance on R 221. S 390A of the Act is the appropriate vehicle for applications of this sort. S }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5267623\charrsid10173580 390A(}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 1) provides:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15729651\charrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8287809 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8287809 Where through }{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8287809\charrsid8287809 any mistake, error, or omission whether of fact or of law however, arising, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8287809 and }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9327388 whether of the party applying to amend or not, the Land Court or the Land Appellate Court by its order has in effect done or left undone something }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13508024 
which }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9327388 it }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13508024 did not actually intend to do or leave undone, or something which it }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9327388 
would not but for that mistake, error or omission have done or left undone, or where the Land Court or the Land Appellate Court }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13508024 h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9327388 
as decided any point of law erroneously, }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9327388 the Chief Judge may, upon the appl
ication in writing or any person alleging that he is affected by the mistake, error, omission, or erroneous decision in point of law, make such order in the matter for the purpose of rem}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13508024 edying}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9327388  the same or effect of the same respectively as the nature }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7885594 of the case may require;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7885594 
 and for any such purpose may, if he deems it necessary or expedient, amend, vary, or cancel any order made by the Land Court or the Appellate Court, or revoke any decision of either of those Courts.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1197720 "}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7885594  (emphasis added) }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8287809\charrsid7885594 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10173580 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8287809 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7885594 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
49] Mr George's application for a rehearing dated 29 September 2005 specifically alleged that Smith J "erred in law and fact". That is an appropriate formula for justifying the f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12857054 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 ling of an appeal - which was the only other procedurally acceptable mode of challenging Smith J's decision.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6235557\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [50] The s. 390A procedure should have been followed here. As Mr George acknowledged, he did not use this procedure because he thought he would fail. But that concession really pro}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7340598 vides the answer to the appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  His R 221 application was a try-on.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 It succeeded, but it should not have done.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6235557\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [51] If the s. 390A procedure had been followed, it would have been necessary, too, for Mr George to apply for leave to have fresh evidence admitted.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 On the basis of what we have seen it 
seems unlikely that Mr George would have persuaded the Chief Justice that such evidence was admissible. Mrs Browne referred us to a number of instances when Mr Strickland has accepted that the so-called fresh evidence was the same evidence given in 1996 a
nd 1999.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6235557\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [52]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
While we have decided that R 221 should not have been used in this case, this judgment does not purport to be a definitive analysis of the scope of R 221. We express real reservations about whether}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 rule can ever be relied upon to re-hear 
a substantive matter disposed of following full argument and with a reasoned judgment. We did not hear argument on this aspect of the case. Resolution will need to wait another}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6235557  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 day. A good argument exists for saying that the use of R 221 in this context is ultra vires given the spec}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1658269 ific}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  provisions of s. 390A.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6235557\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [53]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
On the face of s. 450, of the Act, an applicant can bring successive applications to revoke a succession order where there has been an error. But this is not a right to be exercised in a vacuum. 
It does not entitle an applicant repeatedly to raise the same objectio}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3277727 n. Issues of precedent and }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3277727\charrsid3277727 res j}{
\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid3277727 udicata}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
 inevitably impact on the process. We have not felt it necessary to deal with such argument at any length in this judgment be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1658269 cause we have already concluded}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3277727 q}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8937737\charrsid10173580 uite}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  easily that Hingston J erred.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8937737\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [54] Our second procedural concern is even more fundamental. The application heard before Smith J (and delivered by him on 19 September 2005) challenged the succession orders made in}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 1996.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 It}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 did}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 not challenge the 1968 orders. But, as Mr George eventually}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 accepted,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
his argument rested on a proposition that the 1968 judgments were wro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1658269 ng to give Emma an unrestricted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580  interest.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2643973\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [53]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 
It seems to us that both or either of these procedural concerns would be sufficient, without more, to allow the appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2643973\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid2643973 CONCLUSION
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2643973\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [54]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 The appeal is allowed.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7161572\charrsid10173580 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 [55] The appellants are entitled to costs }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7161572 which we fix at $2000 plus }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 disbursem}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7161572 ents as fixed by the Registrar. Costs are to be paid initially out }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 of the amount held as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7161572 security for costs}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580\charrsid10173580 .
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1658269 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10173580 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10178239 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10178239\charrsid12857054 Barker JA}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10178239 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12857054 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12857054\charrsid12857054 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10178239 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10178239\charrsid12857054 Weston JA}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10178239 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12857054 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12857054\charrsid12857054 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10178239 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10178239\charrsid12857054 Grice JA
\par }}