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{\revtim\yr2007\mo10\dy11\hr14\min49}{\printim\yr2007\mo9\dy6\hr8\min2}{\version4}{\edmins8}{\nofpages3}{\nofwords596}{\nofchars3399}{\nofcharsws3988}{\vern16393}{\*\password 00000000}}{\*\xmlnstbl } \paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1800\margr1800\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\grfdocevents0\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1 \dgvshow1\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\rsidroot14057118 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\sectd \linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\headerl \pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst 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.}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE COOK ISLANDS \par HELD AT RAROTONGA \par (CRIMINAL DIVISION) \par }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 \par JP APPEAL NO. 5/07 \par CR NO. 565/07 \par \par }{\b\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 IN THE MATTER}{\b\insrsid14903092\charrsid14903092 }{\b\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 of Section 76 of \par the Judicature \par Act 1980-81 \par }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 \par BETWEEN}{\insrsid14903092 \par \par }{\b\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 THE POLICE \par }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Appellant \par \par AND}{\insrsid14903092 \par }{\b\insrsid14903092\charrsid14903092 \par }{\b\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 SAMUEL GREIG \par }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Respondent \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Deputy Commissioner Tetava and Senior Sergeant Howard for Police \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Mr S Greig \endash in person}{\insrsid5076889 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid14903092\charrsid14903092 \par }{\insrsid14903092 Date: }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 05 September 2007 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5076889 {\b\ul\insrsid5076889\charrsid5076889 \par ORAL JUDGMENT OF WESTON J \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid14903092 [1] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 I have before me an appeal brought by the Police in relation to the decis ion of a JP to dismiss the original charge.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 The original charge was that Mr Greig \'93on the 27}{\super\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 th}{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 day of August 2007, at Matavera did dangerously drive a white Honda 200cc motorcycle registration number AL 453 on the main road at Matavera at a}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 speed without an approved safety helmet. \'93 \par \par }{\insrsid14903092 [2] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Mr Greig helpfully advised me that he was ready to plead guilty to this charge when it was originally laid against him and, as far as he was concerned, the charge was dismissed by the JP unilaterally rather than at Mr Greig\rquote s instigation.}{ \insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Mr Greig pleaded guilty to another two charges and was sentenced by the JP in relation to them.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Mr Greig accepted that he was driving a motorcycle at a speed in excess of 40 kilometres per hour and was not wearing any helmet of any sort. \par \par }{\insrsid14903092 [3] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 The starting point is s. 86A of the Transport Act, which I now set out: \par \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 \'9386A.\tab }{\ul\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Safety helmets \endash \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 (1)}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 No person shall drive a motor cycle on any road at a speed exceeding 40 kilometres an hour unless the driver and every other person carried are each wearing, and have properly fastened, an approved safety helmet.}{\insrsid5076889 \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid14903092\charrsid14903092 \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 (2) For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section an approved safety helmet shall be one of the class, type, or make approved by the Chief of Police under subsection (3) of this section, and which is in a good condition.}{\insrsid5076889 \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid14903092\charrsid14903092 \par }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 (3)}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 The Chief of Police may, by notice in the Gazette, approve any class, type, or make of safety helmet whether by reference to tradename, trademark, or otherwise, and may in like manner at any time revoke such approval. \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid14903092 \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 (4)}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Every person who acts in contravention of subsection (1) of this section commits an offence and shall be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty dollars.\'94 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 \par }{\insrsid14903092 [4] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Section 86A requires any person driving a motor cycle in excess of 40 kilometres per hour to wear a safety helmet.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 In addition, that must be an approved safety helmet.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 The obvious purpose of s. 86A is to promote safety.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 In my opinion there is no proper basis in that section to say that the 40 kilometre an hour limit applies only if there are approved helmets available.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 If there no approved helmets available then, in my opinion, the section clearly means that no one should drive in excess of 40 kilometres on a motorcycle.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 To find otherwise would undermine the obvious safety purpose of the legislation. \par \par }{\insrsid14903092 [5] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 I am advised by the Police that, at the time the offence occurred, there were no approved helmets.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 While that may be a ground to criticize the Chief of Police (for not dealing with that particular issue), the fact of the matter is that the absence of any approvals effectively limited the speed of motorcycles to 40 kilometres an hour.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 A number of approvals have subsequently been made in terms of s. 86A. \par \par }{\insrsid14903092 [6] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 For the reasons set out above, and with respect, I believe the JP was wrong to dismiss the information laid against Mr Greig.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 As I said, Mr Greig was ready to plead guilty to it and it was nothing to do with him that the matter was dismissed.}{\insrsid14903092 }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 Accordingly, I allow the appeal and I enter a conviction against Mr Greig in relation to the original charge. \par \par }{\insrsid14903092 [7] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 This was something in the nature of a test case and I do not see that Mr Greig should suffer any further penalty as a result of the police quite properly endeavouring to clarify the law in this matter. \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\insrsid14903092 [8] \tab }{\insrsid5076889\charrsid14903092 So, although I have entered a conviction against Mr Greig in relation to this third charge, there will be no penalty in addition to those that were imposed in relation to the other two charges which he faced and to which he pleaded guilty.}{\insrsid5076889 \par }{\insrsid14903092 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14903092 {\b\ul\insrsid14903092 Judge.}{\b\ul\insrsid14903092\charrsid14903092 \par }}