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\rsid8944643\rsid9132871\rsid9252053\rsid9450448\rsid9453234\rsid9598396\rsid9716476\rsid9788765\rsid9904761\rsid9923497\rsid10059410\rsid10183717\rsid10190702\rsid10245649\rsid10568920\rsid10629546\rsid10709799\rsid11084321\rsid11091231\rsid11828862 \rsid12151268\rsid12206298\rsid12347208\rsid12472928\rsid12743374\rsid13054023\rsid13116096\rsid13134339\rsid13395841\rsid13500749\rsid13505368\rsid13507743\rsid13654594\rsid13709034\rsid13724361\rsid13776430\rsid13786531\rsid13842899\rsid13851538 \rsid13893758\rsid13968796\rsid14053022\rsid14234846\rsid14368558\rsid14694629\rsid14834295\rsid15074921\rsid15090250\rsid15161883\rsid15212086\rsid15401728\rsid15597922\rsid15673729\rsid15891923\rsid16001885\rsid16069837\rsid16260004\rsid16323957 \rsid16326197\rsid16458030\rsid16722089}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11.0.5604;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE COOK ISLAND}{\author blake_r}{\operator sam_f}{\creatim\yr2011\mo2\dy17\hr10\min25}{\revtim\yr2011\mo2\dy17\hr10\min25}{\version2} {\edmins0}{\nofpages14}{\nofwords6130}{\nofchars34944}{\*\company scims}{\nofcharsws40993}{\vern24689}}\paperw11904\paperh16834\margl1440\margr1440 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\subfontbysize\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow3 \jcompress\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot862384 \fet0\sectd \psz9\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7016715\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2 \pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 IN THE }{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 HIG}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 H COURT }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 O}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 F THE COOK }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 ISLAND}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 \par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 HELD AT RAROTONGA \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5713951 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid9904761 (}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid9904761 CRIMINAL DIVISION}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid9904761 )}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid9904761 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5713951 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5713951 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 CR}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5713951 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 10/05}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5713951 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 339/05}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5713951 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 340/05 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid5713951 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 POLICE \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14234846\charrsid5713951 v}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5713951 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 TEAU}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8944643 TEOKO}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 TAI \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Defendant \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr Elikana for Police \par Mr McFadzien for Defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5713951\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Date of Sentence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 19 May 2006 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16001885 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 SENTENCE OF WILL}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8944643 I}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 AMS CJ \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr Teokotai}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Jury found you guilty } {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 of an offence under s.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 25}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 of}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Transport Act 1966.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 The offence was that on the 7}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of January 2005 you drove a jeep on the back road at Ruatonga while under the influence of drink to such an extent as to be incapable of having proper }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 control and thereby caused the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 death of Tanya Vaiimene}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a young woman age}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 d 20 years. You also appear fo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 r sentence on a charge of theft to which you pleaded guilty. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 On the main charge the maximum penalty is 5 years. I begin first by looking at the particular facts of this case. The}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 closing addresses of counsel at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the jury trial set forth the conflicting cases which were p}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t to the jury. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The Crown submitted that the deceased was a pedestrian who had been hit from behind when your jeep failed to t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7492499\charrsid13395841 ake a comer. The Defence put for}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ward a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3891114\charrsid13395841 strikingly}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 different case. It was that the deceased was killed as a result of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2577936\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 jumping out of your jeep}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 she being a passenger whom you had picked up earlier. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3891114\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Using its collective common sense}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the jury obviously found that your account was untrue. Their verdict is clearly one to the effect that you ran over this young woman from behind when your vehicle careered off the road. Having listened to the evidence carefully}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I believe the jury reached the correct decision. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568920\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 You continue to deny }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 responsibility for the accident}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I say that because when interviewed by the Probation Service you strongly denied responsibility and challenged the verdict of the jury. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568920\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Turning then to the detailed facts. The accident occurred}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 at 9.35pm on the 7}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of January 2005. You were driving your jeep on the back road at Ruatonga}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 travelling}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 towards Tutakimoa/Tak}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 uvaine. While approaching a bend}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 at the top of an incline}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 you were observed by at least a couple of people}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 one in a house and one standing down by the nearby power station facility}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to be driving at high speed and in an erratic manner. As you}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3762451\charrsid13395841 came around the bend you lost}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 control and drove straight into the deceased who was lawfully walking along the grass verge on the left hand side of the road.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3762451\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10568920\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Your vehicle then collided with the hedges alongside the road and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 finally}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 smashed into a power pole. The force of the impact provides confirmation of your excessive speed. You were thrown out of the jeep and the concrete power pol}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 e broke and fell on top of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the jeep. Tanya died very shortly after impact. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 When the police and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 other bystanders cam}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e to the site you were observed to be unsteady on your feet and smelling he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 avily of alcohol. Your eyes were}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 bloodshot and your speech was slurred. You apparently kept saying }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 bloody dog}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 bloody dog}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . That conveyed to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 people present that you believe}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 cause of the accident was a dog that had run onto the road}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 or that you had run over a dog. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 9}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 At the scene of the accident you did not show any concern for the dead girl. Nor did you show any feelings of remor}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 se at that time. I will come bac}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 k to that a little later. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5593168\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 10}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 When interviewed by the police you admitted being the driver and admitted being under the influence. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14368558\charrsid13395841 You said that you had picked up the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 deceased at the Va}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid416049\charrsid13395841 iora }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Factory at Ruatonga and that she jumped out of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2177139\charrsid13395841 jeep}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7016715 as a result of an argument.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13724361\charrsid13395841 \par \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13893758\charrsid13395841 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 1}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 You were taken to the hospital for examination. Her examination}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14694629\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7157276\charrsid13395841 took}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 place 3 hours a fter the accident. You said}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 unprompted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to the examining doctor that you had started }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 drinking at 2 o}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 clock on the 7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of January and had consumed a total of 6 big bottles of Steinlager. The accident happened }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12472928\charrsid13395841 around}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 9.30pm. The doctor concluded her report by saying that in her opinion you were under the influence. She said you were not fit to drive and should never have been allowed to drive a vehicle on that night. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 In fairness it should be noted that you had had a fairly substan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7157276\charrsid13395841 tial meal in the early evening. }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 That being said however}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it was the jury} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s view}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 with which I c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 ompletely agree}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 that you were}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 severely intoxicated.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7157276\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 12}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Some of the other witnesses giv}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 e additional and relevant detail}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 for sentencing purpos}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 es. First of all}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 a young boy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 D}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 aniela Tuirave spoke of lights coming toward him very fast and going all over the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 road}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 like a zigzag}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 just befo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 re the vehicle crashed into the power pole. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 13}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15401728\charrsid13395841 Mary I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 kike}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 who lived on the left hand side}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 of the road where the accident}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 occurred}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 heard the sound of a speeding vehicle. It was going past her house at high speed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 very close to her hedge. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 14}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Police officer Senior Constable Henry spoke to you. He observed that you were unsteady on your feet. He could smell alcohol. You were rude and swearing. Mr. Maunga came to the scene an }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 d spoke to you. He also said th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 at you were unsteady on your feet. He as ked you who the girl lying on the ground was and you said you did not know. All the while you continued to be verbally abusive and un}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 cooperative. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 15}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Other witnesses at the scene had to restrain you from picking up the power cable that had been knocked down. The Court considers that a good measure of your intoxicated state was the fact that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 without the onlookers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 intervention}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 you would have picked up the cable to get it off your car. That also strongly indicates that you were heavily intoxicated. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 16}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr Melvin spoke to you at the scene of the accident. He was the one that said you kept on saying }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 bloody dogs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 bl}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 oody dogs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 . He asked you whethe}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 r anyone else was involved in the acciden}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 t and you said }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 no}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 . He also ha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 d to restrain you from grabbing the power cable. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 17}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 It}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 is clear from all of that evidence and from the jury}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s verdict that this. was a case where you were driving while heavily}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 intoxicated}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 at high speed}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 an erratic manner approaching a bend which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 whilst not very sharp}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 was a quite significant bend which required you}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 far from driving fast and erratically}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to take care }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid742562\charrsid13395841 to ensure you got around the corn}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 er safe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15090250\charrsid13395841 ly.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 It is very obvious that the}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 jury accepted Inspector Strickland}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s analysis of the ac}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 cident which was that you lost }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 control on the bend and simply ploughed into this innocent girl who was walking along the roadway. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 18}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid742562\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 have been provided with victi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 m impact reports and I need to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 say something about their status and their purpose. Mr McFadzien mentioned these}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 topics. It appears that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 within Tanya} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 family}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 there may have been som}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e understanding about the way the report should be treated. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The Victim of Offences Act of the Cook Islands of 199}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4354799\charrsid13395841 9 provides for the provision of }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 victim impact statements for the p urpose of ensuring that the sentencing judge is informed about any physical and emotional harm suffered by the victim or any other person who has been harmed by the accident. The statute specifically states that the information should be conveyed to the J udge. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The obvious purpose of the victim impact statement is to make sure that the Judge takes into account and is aware of the harm suffered by the victims. But as Mr McFadzien said}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it is obvious that in fairness to the accused person}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 his or her own counsel must be able to see those victim impact statements in order to make comments or submissions on them. So I want to just convey to the family that the Court is grateful for those statements but that it will be understood that the law requires that the Defence counsel have a chance to see them. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I should add that Mr McFadzien says that sometimes the victim impact statements serve the additional and important purpose of bringing a stubborn accused to the point of acknowledging the harm that has been done.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 21}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 There are two victim impact statements}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 one from Tanya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s mother and one from her grandmother. As you can imagine}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 both of them make depressing reading. While the Court would not allow itself to be swayed by demands for vengeance}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 just as it will not be swayed by unreasonable pleas for mercy}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it is proper for the Court to look at these statements and give them appropriate weight. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 22}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 It is quite apparent from the first s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 tatement written by Tanya}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 grandmother who}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 with her husband}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in the tradi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 tion of the Cook Islands with a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 first}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 born}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 were largely responsible for Tanya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 pbringing that they have suffered}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 grievously from what has happened. Mrs Vaiimene says that it is very difficult}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 indeed impossible}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to put into words the impact of Tanya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s tragic death on the family and her friends. }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 There are no words that can adequately describe the pain that a sudden and needless death has caused. Gone are the dreams and expectations that we}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 will one day celebrate her 21}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 st}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 see the special child married with children of her own.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 23}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Then there}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s the discussion of the difficulty of moving on when the death has been so needless. There is a recitation of the achievements of this young woman and mention of the special relationship she had with her grandfather. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 24}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13776430\charrsid13395841 Then she says this}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The family has waited 16 months for this C}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 ourt}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 hearing and for the accused to come to trial. We have waited patiently and refrained from making any public comments b}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 elieving that at the trial we w}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ould see the accused have to stand in Court and face us. We hoped that he would finally under oath tell the truth}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as almost all people in the community believe that she was never in the jeep. He avoided tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 t by not taking the stand. While}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 his action is permissible by law it was an easy and deliberate way out and a way to avoi}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 d admitting that he was lying'}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16001885\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 25}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Then she says that that the family in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 Rarotonga has watched as }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he continued to drink and drive and does not seem to car}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 e about what happened on the 7}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of January 2005. She says}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 every time the accused broke his bail conditions}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 his name and Tanya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s would be back in the newspaper again. This is an important and relevant matter for the sentencing. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 26}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 She has a few words to say about the Police and the difficulties that they face in carrying out their activities. She says she doe}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 s not think they are}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 sufficiently trained and that they are under res}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ourced. She says}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 added to that is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the failure of the government to revise the }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 relevant laws and impose realis}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 tic penalties for such behaviour as drunk or careless driving causing de}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ath and fo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 r such traffic offences as speeding. The current maximum penalty for careless}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving causing death is certainly not a deterrent. She says}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nothing anybody can do will bring back our beloved Tanya. It is our prayer however that m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13134339\charrsid13395841 ore }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 responsible attitudes drinking and driving will prevail and that other families will therefore be spared the unbearable pain that our family still suffers}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 27}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Tanya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s mother has filed a similar stat} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ement. She records the sense of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 loss that has been felt by the other children in}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 the family. She says it has be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 en 16 months of frustration awaiting trial for the ac}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 cused. During this time tie has}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 been freely driving}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12347208\charrsid13395841 socializing and finding }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 pleasure in alcohol while showing no remorse for what he has done to Tanya}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12347208\charrsid13395841 s family. He has }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 appeared in Court several times which means he is a repeat offe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12347208\charrsid13395841 nder. She has some strong }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 word}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s to say about his conduct and his continual denial and his making up s tories to discredit Tanya. That denial has only deepened the anger that she has toward him and she knows she will struggle to e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12743374\charrsid13395841 ver forgive him}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 . She conclude}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3369560\charrsid13395841 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 by saying }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I would highly recommend for the necessary authorities to re}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 visit our Act}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in particular the 5 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4420656\charrsid13395841 year maximum penalty for }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 careless driving causing death because I feel that is very lenient}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 28}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The question of the attitude of the defendant has at least until today been uncomplicated. He has shown no remorse. He did not express any regret a t the time of the accident for the death}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 or any real}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 concern about the deceased. H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e elected not to plead guilty. That of course is hi}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 s right and I am not entitled to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 take tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 t plea into account against him.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 But today}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 through his counsel he has produced a statement whic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 h he said was written on the 16}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of January 2005. His Counsel has said that an earlier counsel representing him had advised that the letter should not be sent because it mig ht affect the defence that he wanted to run. The letter does express his apologies at some length. It also speaks about his shame and the way in which his friends have aba}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15161883\charrsid13395841 ndoned him}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid749840\charrsid13395841 . }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid749840\charrsid13395841 The}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 general public is calling for my blood}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ave nowhere to go}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 I}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ve been to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 church to ask for forgiveness.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 He wishes things could be undone and ends with to request that his apology be accepted. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 29}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 This places the Court in a difficult position. I would not wish to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ignore}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 an expression of remorse}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 however late it is presented}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 but I have some difficulty in accepting that a way could not have been found at some earlier stage of the proceedings}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 notwithstanding the exercise of his right to plead not guilty}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 for him to express his remorse. I find it difficult}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 with }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 all respect to previous counsel}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932235\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to think that some way could not have been found to transmit his apology. But I do note that on my file there is a letter from the}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 same counsel which advises the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Court that that counsel is withdrawing from re presentation of this accused because of his constant breach of bail conditions and his }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 couldn}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t ca}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 re}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6685089\charrsid13395841 less}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 attitude to those conditions.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 So it may be that between the departure of tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 t counsel some time go and Mr Mc}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Fadzien}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s recent appointment}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the accused may have been under the impression that there were d}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3347161\charrsid13395841 ifficulties in him conveying an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 apology. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 30}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I do not know quite what to make of this eleventh hour indication of remorse. I am not going to give it the weight that I would otherwise have p laced on it if it had been expressed much earlier. It will}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 be taken by the Court as a las}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t minute expression of remorse. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 31}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Having dealt with those matters I need to turn to the report }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 from}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Probation Service. It is fair to say that this Probation Re port is very negative in its tone. It points out that the defendant is no stranger to the Probation Service due to his continuous appearances before the Court. It refers to his early childhood on the island of Atiu. From what one reads}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 there may have been a few problems during his childhood. His father had died when he was still young. The defendant talks of receiving corporal punishment from time to time. The picture that emerges is that until he came to Rarotonga}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 his behaviour had been reasonable and there were no major problems. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 32}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 He came to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 Rarotonga in 1988 with the Ati}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 u Cultural Dance Team. It was the first time he had met his natural mother in 12 years and he resided with her at Nikao. Things began }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4932235\charrsid13395841 al}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 right but then his attitude started to change . He started to mix around with friends and began to drink and became what his family describe as }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a hard case and a person who was h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ard to control}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 . The family wh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 o were looking after him did their best to help him but their good advice never had any impac t on his lifestyle. As the Probatio}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 n Service says}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 the defendant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 s}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 problems with the law are mainly because of alcohol. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 33}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 In those early years in Rarotonga}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he came before the Court on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 numer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ous occasions. In 1992 he was before the Court for drunken driving and minor traffic offences}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 for example}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 no driver}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s license}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 no warrant of fitness. By 1994 he was before the Court for assaulting a Constab}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 le and for breach of probation}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 - }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 he went}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to prison for the first time for a month}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 1995}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 two burglary charges }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 6 months imprisonm }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 1996 breach of probation}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 4 days imprisonment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 2001 conte}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 mpt of Court order which I imagin}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10059410\charrsid13395841 e is breach of bail}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 conditions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 - }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 3 months imprisonment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 assault on a female in 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15673729\charrsid13395841 001}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15673729\charrsid13395841 12 months supervision. Com}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ing forward to 2005}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a theft charge }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 12 months pro}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 bation and then we come to the current offending.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 34}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 His previous criminal record sho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ws that he had a }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 couldn}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 t care}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 less}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 attitude towards his offending and that most of his failures and neglect were due to his continuous drinking. The family that were looking after him gave him many chances}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 hoping he would change}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 but he did}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 not do so. The Probation Servi}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 expended very considerable efforts trying to help him but to no avail}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 he }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 continued to disobey his sentence and probation conditions. He came before the Court for assaulting his former partner}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 alcoho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 l being the main problem there. I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 n short}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Probation Service has done their best but to no avail. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 35}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 His mother}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 who now resides in Rarotonga }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 describes her son as stubborn person. She came to Rarotonga recently to show her support. She}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 tried to help him but she says her advice falls on deaf ears. She feels extremely sorry for the family involved in this matter. She says her son has put her to shame for many years. She hopes that he will change but that he appears not to care for what he has done. She hopes one day he will come out and humble himself for his own good. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 36}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I was referred to comments from a friend of the accused who had tried to assist him and offer him some support. He came to know him through work. The defendant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s employment has been in the building industry. He seems to have been able to hold down a job. The friend said h }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 e thought he noticed some rec}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ent improvements in the defendant}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s behaviou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 r}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 but he acknowledged that the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 defendant tends to lose his temper when he get}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 s drunk. The friend expressed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the hope that while in prison the defendant would think again about his attitude to life. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 37}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Under factors relating to the offendi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 ng}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 , }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 the Probation Report says}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 with regard to the offending the defendant stated}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15673729\charrsid13395841 that he does not agree that he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 is guilty for this offence. He believed that the Police did not do a fair job. For example}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 they did not take any fingerprints f}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 rom the jeep which would help }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to confirm whether the victim was in the jeep or not. He could not do anything now but serve his sentence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 38}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Coming to the summary }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Causes of Offending}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 alcohol is listed first. During the interview with the Probation Officer he was co}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 operative but strongly denied directly being involved in the death of Tanya. However he said that whatever happened}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he would serve his se}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid729781\charrsid13395841 ntence. The fact that only a mat}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ter of days ago}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he was strongly d enying involvement does }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 not sit easily with the very}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 late production of the January 2005 letter. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 39}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The defendant has indicated his desire to change his behaviour and address his many problems. The Probation Service says that}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the offence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 committed is no doubt a serious one}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 especia}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 lly when a person died. The Vic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 tim Impact Statement shows how the family has been affected. The Probation Service has known the defendant for many years due to his involvement before the Court. It is evident that alcohol}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 stubbornness and a careless }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid729781\charrsid13395841 attitude}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 were his main problems. His supervising officer made an arrangement on 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 rd}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Ma}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid729781\charrsid13395841 r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ch 2006 for him to attend counselling at the Te Kainga counselling centre and also Alcoholics Anonymous Group but his respo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 nse to counselling was very poo}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 r. Your Honour}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a message has to be sent to the public that this kind of offence is very serious and impri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8400850\charrsid13395841 sonment is the only alternative.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 40}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I now turn to the precise p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 enalties that should be imposed.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I begin by noting that counsel for the Prosecution has said that drunken driving }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 causing}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 death is a matter of great and increasing concern in the community and there is an onus on the courts to send a clear message so that such offenders are left in no doubt about what they may expect if they offend. The list of prior cases in the Cook Islands is refer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9450448\charrsid13395841 red to by Counsel for the Crown}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 which appears to show that previous cases of this kind have involved penalties v}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 arying from 6 months to 2 years.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The Crown suggests that the starti}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 ng point for offences of this le}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 vel of culpability is 2 years but that this is drawn from pe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 nalties in cases decided some}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 time ago. Reliance is placed on some of the recent New Zealand decision}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 such as }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 R v Hitchens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 25 March 2004}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 CA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252459\charrsid13395841 CA}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9904761 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5252459\charrsid13395841 380/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13786531\charrsid13395841 03.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 The concluding submission is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 that a penalty in the range of 3}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9923497\charrsid13395841 to 3\'bd }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 years is appropriate. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 41}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 For the defence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr McFadzien accepts there mus}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11828862\charrsid13395841 t he a term }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 for imprisonment. I}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 have already referred to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 what he has said about remorse}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 and the late}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 supplied le tter. He tells me that the impact statements have had a profound effect on the accused. He acknowledges that overseas cas}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10629546\charrsid13395841 es may}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 be relevant in terms of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 their general approach}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 but he does not agree with the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 prosecution about the }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Hitchens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 case because it contains aggravating factors which are absent today. He agrees that the United K}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 ingdom case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid7016715 Cocks}{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 ley & Anor v R} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 2003}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9716476\charrsid13395841 EWCA C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 rim 996 can be looked at since it helpfully lists the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 relevant factors. However}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he submits that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3540540\charrsid13395841 the range of penalties in the C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ook Islands}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as compared to New Zealand where the maximum is the same}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 has been lower. He makes the valid point that it is not really possible to directly rely on the English cases for comparative purposes since the maximum penalty there is 10 years}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 not 5 years. He refers to the }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Ben}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 case where a sentence of 2 years was imposed. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 42}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr McFadzien says that the court should note that Parliament has not seen fit to increase the penalty. That being the case}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 not much weight should be given to the overseas cases}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 including}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 both the New Zealand and the E}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nglish cases. If there is to be a message sent to the community}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 that higher penalties are going to be imposed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it should not apply }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 to this particular defendant bu}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t to future accused/defendants. In other words}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 if there is a policy shift}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it should be prospective only. He relies upon the sentence imposed by Justice Nicholson in the case a couple of months ago where a 1 year sentence was imposed for dangerous driving causing death. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 43}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9716476\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 should say now}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as I move to give the Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s view}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 that what I am about to say does not involve a policy shift in the way that Mr McFadzien }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7752675\charrsid13395841 suggests}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . It will not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in my view}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 be a radical depa}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 rture from what has gone before. It will}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 take into account the passage of time}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the fact that the earlier Cook Islands}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 ' }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 cases on drunken driving are now becoming a little out of date}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 and also what }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 Mr Elikan}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a says has been a growing concern about drunken driving. In my view}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the major factor here today will be the significant aggravating factors. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 44}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr Teokotai}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I have already noted that the maximum sentence for your conviction is 5 years. In sentencing y}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 ou today I need to try and impose}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a sentence which will help instil a sense of accountability on your part for the hams done to the unfortunate deceased and her fa}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13054023\charrsid13395841 mily}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 to try}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 no matter how diffi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 cult it may be}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to promote a sense of responsibility in }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 you}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 to attempt to recognise }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the interest of the victims and to denounce your conduct. The imposed sentence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 should not only protect the community from you for a fa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5898272\charrsid13395841 ir while but try to deter}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 others.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 45}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Sadly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it has to be said that nothing I can do in this sentence can restore the life that has been lost}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nor can that loss be measured in terms of the length of the sentence. Nothing that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7752675\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 can do can overcome the anguish and grief of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10709799\charrsid13395841 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he deceased}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s family. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 46}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Counsel }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 has confirmed that in the Cook I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 slands the penalties to date for similar offences have been between 6 months and 2 years. It is difficult for me}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 to assess those cases because li}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ttle or nothing of the c}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 ircumstances of th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ose cases is available to the Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 but I do think I should pay attention to the Court of Appeal of the Cook Islands in }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Police v Brown}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9453234\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9453234\charrsid13395841 10 August 1999}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9453234\charrsid13395841 CA. 1/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16323957\charrsid13395841 99}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 which has been referred to me. In that particular case the accused was drivi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 ng a motor}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 vehicle and drove into a motor cycle driven by Mr Fotunga. He was charged with drunken driving causing death}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 pleaded not gu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14834295\charrsid13395841 ilty and was convicted by a jury}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . The Court of Appeal was in a difficult posit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 ion because there were no note}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s of evid}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9716476\charrsid13395841 ence so it did not have before i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t all of the circumstances. It was a case where the defendant showed no remorse. It was pointed out that it was surprising that he maintained his procl amation of innocence. The Judge took account of a Probation Report outlining the plight of the deceased widow and decided not to impose a sentence of imprisonment but rather to order payment of a significant monetary sum. He also ordered a two year suspen ded sentence. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 47}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 That sentence was appealed. There were difficulties abou}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 t whethe}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 r the Court had the power to make such a monetar}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 y order in the circumstances b}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 efore it. On appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Crown also submitted tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 t the sentence was manifestly}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 inadequate. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 48}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 As regards the decision of the Court of Appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 two points have to be stressed. The first is that although the final}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 sentence imposed was 9 months }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 imprisonment instead of the monetary payments}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Court of Appeal was bound by the established principle that where th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 e Crown appeals against a sente}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nce and that appeal is successful}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the sentenc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16326197\charrsid13395841 e can not normally be so high as}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it might have been had the proper sentence been imposed in the first place. So that is why it was 9 months. The Court actually}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 said on page 6 that}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 we think}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a sentence of 2 years imprisonment}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 if it had been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13500749\charrsid13395841 imposed at the time}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13500749\charrsid13395841 would have}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 been appropriate}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . There is no description in the case as to the precise kind of driving that was involved. The view I take of the case is that it is certainly not of the kind to set a level of 2 years imprisonm}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7225250\charrsid13395841 ent for this kind of offence. It}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 is not helpful precedent except for showing that a 2 year sentence was not regarded as inappropriate. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 49}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 1 think it is right to say}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as was said in t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 he Court of Appeal in New Zeala}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nd}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in the aforementioned case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Hitchens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 that in considering penalties for drunken driving offences}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 one can approach the ma}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 tter on the basis of a spectrum}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 or continuum. At the lesser end of the scale is careless driving causing death. At the other end of the scale is manslaughter. As was said in }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Hitchens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6161380\charrsid13395841 and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 repeated in the }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Cooksley}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 decision}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the essence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14053022\charrsid13395841 of sentencing in this area is }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to identify the elements of aggravation and mitigation and establish whe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 re the cas}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e falls in terms of relative seriousness. I note that the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Cooksley}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 decision has also been applied in the decision of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Tiplady v Police}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 2004}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 20 CRNZ 1071 where Justice Lauren son in the High Court of New Zealand described it as giving authoritative guidance on matters of mitigation and aggravation and on the level of seriousness. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 50}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5713951 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 will come back to the specific facts of the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Hitchens} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 case and turn now to the English Court of Appeal case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Cooksley}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid7016715 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 which as I have mentioned}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14053022\charrsid13395841 is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 regarded in New Zealand as containing a definitive account of the factors that are relevant in sentencing for drunken driving. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 51}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 The reason I am taking so much time with this today is that I wa nt to try and provide an indication for the future as to what factors need to be taken into account. So what I now propose to do is go to the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Cooksley}{ \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 case to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 establish}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 what are the relevant aggravating and mitigating factors. This will guide me on deciding on the appropriate sentence i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 n this case and provide a frame}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 wo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 rk}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 for sentencing in the future cases. The list is as follows}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 :}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10183717 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid5517734 "}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 Aggravating factors}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 Highly culpable standard of driving at time of offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid7016715 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 the consumption of drugs ... or of alcohol }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 known to cause drowsiness}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788765\charrsid5517734 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 b}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 greatly excessive speed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 racing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 competitive driving against another vehicle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid5517734 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 showing off}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 c}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 disregard of warnings from fellow passengers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid5517734 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 d}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid5517734 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 a prolonged}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid5517734 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid5517734 persistent and deliberate course of very bad driving}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 aggressive driving }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5517734 such as driving much too close to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the vehicle in front}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 persistent inappropriate attempt to overtake}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 or cutting in after overtaking}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 f}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving while the driver}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788765\charrsid13395841 attention i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2636637\charrsid13395841 s avoidably distrac}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e.g. by reading or use of a mobile phone }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 especially if hand}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 held}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7016715 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15597922 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 and I want to emphasize that factor for the future }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 mobile phones are dangerous when driving}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1993283 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 g}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving when knowingly suffering from a medical condition which significantly impair}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 s the offender}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 s driving skills}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 h}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving when knowingly de}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 prived of adequate sleep or rest}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving a poorly maintained or dangerously loaded vehicle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 especially when this has been motivated by commercial concerns}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Driving habitually below acceptable standards \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788765\charrsid13395841 j}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 other offences committed at the same time}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 such as driving without ever having held a license}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving while }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 disqualified}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving without insurance}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving while a learner without supervision}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 taking a vehicle without consent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving a stolen vehicle}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 k}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 previous convictions for mot}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 oring offences which involve ba}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 d driving or the consumption of excessive alcohol }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 before}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 driving}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7022918 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 O}{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 utcome of offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1993283 l}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 more than one person killed as a result of the offence }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 especially if the offe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 nder knowingly put more than on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e person at risk or the occurrence of multiple deaths was foreseeable}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 m}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 serious injury to on}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 e or more victims in addition to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the death}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Irresponsible behaviour at the time of the offence \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 n}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 behaviour at the time of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 the offence}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 such as failing to stop}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 falsely claiming that }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 one of the victims was responsible for the crash}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 or trying to throw the victim off the bonnet of the car by swerving in order to escape}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4478381 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 o}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 causing death in the course of dangerous driving in an}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4478381\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 attempt to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 avoid detection or apprehension}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 p}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 offence committed while the offender was on bail}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8601670\charrsid13395841 So that is the l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ist of aggravating factors. The list of Mitigating Factors is as follows. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid358910 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid4155077 "}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 Mitigating}{ \b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 factors}{\b\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4155077 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a good driving record}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4155077 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 b}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the absence of previous convictions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4155077 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 c}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a timely plea of guilty}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4155077 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 d}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 genuine shock or remorse }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 which may be greater if the victim is either a close relation or a friend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4155077 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the offender}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s age }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 but only in cases where lack of driving experience has contributed to the commission of the offence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 and \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid4155077 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 f}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the fact that the offender has also been seriously injured as a result of the accident }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 caused by the dangerous driving.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 52}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9252053\charrsid13395841 This Court hereby adopts that l}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ist}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 not necessarily as an exhaustive list}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9788765\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 although it is very extensive}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 but one which will be considered in future cases of this Court and to which counsel will be expected to refer. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 53}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Having regard to those factors}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 one has to d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 efine the starting point for a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 case of this kind where there is serious culpabilit}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 y. One needs then to look at the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 aggravating and }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 mitigating}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 factors}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13654594\charrsid13395841 .}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13654594\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t has been pointed out in many cases that the Court must be careful to avoid what is called }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 double counting}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 . One should not take into account in reaching a starting point certain factors and then use them again when considering the aggravating and mitigating factors. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 54}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 In my view}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in this}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 particular case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the starting point is 3 years and I say that because of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the extensive and heavy drinking of the d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 efendant over a lengthy period}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the incapacity}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in such circumstances}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to be driving at all}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the fact that the medical doctor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 even some hours after the accident expressed the view that this person should not have been driving}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the failure to keep the vehicle on the ro}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16069837\charrsid13395841 ad and the obvious unawareness }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of the pedestrian}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the hitting and killing of a pedestrian who was legally walking along the edge of the road and not on the carriageway}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 and \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13842899 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 all this occurring at night when driving risks are always greater. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 It is those factors that bring me to the point }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 of thinking that the starting poi}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nt should be 3 years. I will now refer to some of the decided cases which lend support to my conclusion. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 55}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 In particular I want to refer to the case of }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 R v Solo}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 3 December 2004}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 HC}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 New Plymouth}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 CRI 2004 043 3158. Th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 is was a sentence of Justice H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ugh}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Williams in the High Court of New Plymouth. I refer to this case just to give a cross check on my own views as to what the starting}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5976351\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 point is in this case i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16069837\charrsid13395841 n}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the Cook Islands. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 56}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 In the }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Solo }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 case}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a 24 year old female was appearing on a charge of mans}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid661010\charrsid13395841 laughter as well as charges of i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 njuring while driving with excess blood alcohol}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 offences broadly sim}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 ilar to the one with which we are dealing.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The starting point on the driving causing injury with excess blood alcohol conviction was said to be 4 years}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 although the Judge took into account in reaching that view that that included aggravating features. He then deducted the mitigating factors and the sentence became 3 years. There were serious }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 aggravating}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 factors but the mitigating factor was the plea of guilty. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid4155077 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 57}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid4155077 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 Now returning to the }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Hitchens}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13968796\charrsid4155077 case}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid4155077 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 it involved an accident where the accused lost control of the vehicle and collide}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 d with a power pole. As a result o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 f the accident}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid4155077 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 a front seat passenger was killed and two rear seat passengers}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 and the appellant were injured.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 A plea of guilty was entered to a similar charge to the present and the appellant was}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid4155077 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 sente}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 nced to 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2232210\charrsid4155077 \'bd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4155077 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 years imprisonment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 In that case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid4155077 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 as Mr McFadzien has pointed out}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid4155077 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 there were many m}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13709034\charrsid4155077 ore prior }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 convictions. The 3\'bd}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 years that was imposed wa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13709034\charrsid4155077 s well within the discretionary }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 sentence available to the Judge. Those cases}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid4155077 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 plus the older Cook Islands C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13968796\charrsid4155077 ourt}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 of Appeal case of }{\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 Brown }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 where the Court did not have all the facts before it }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid4155077 but s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 aid that the two years would have been imposed}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid4155077 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid4155077 give me comfort that my starting point in this particular case of 3 years is appropriate.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 58}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I then have to take into account the aggravating factors. I should just add for the record that a similar but less exten}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 sive list of aggravating factor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s in offences of this kind was given in the case of }{ \b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid7016715 Gale v Ministry of Transport}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8850470\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8850470\charrsid13395841 19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 91}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1385598 3 NZLR 476,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 480}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 481. I will for convenience follow the English list. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 59}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The aggravating features in the contex}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022918\charrsid13395841 t of }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022918\charrsid13395841 highly culpable standard }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of driving at the time of offence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 are excessive speed and aggressive driving in the sense that the accused obviously decided to take}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 this bend at speed}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 there bein}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 g no suggestion of any braking before the bend. The outcome of the offence is serious in that a death has resulted due to the offending. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 60}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Under }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 irresponsible behaviour at the }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 time of offence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 here we have a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 situation where t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5732284\charrsid13395841 he defendant said nothing about }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 anybody else being involved. If the story about someone being in the car was true then the defendant should have had mentioned that fact one wou}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 ld have thought. However}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 when it}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 became apparent that there was someone on the road who had been killed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the defendant showed not only little concern but also came up with the explanation which the jury found to be false}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 that this young woman was a passenger in the car and had been the author of her own misfortune by}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5732284\charrsid13395841 jumping out of t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 he car.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1385598 }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 There was other irresponsible behavi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 our namely his unacceptable gene}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ral conduct at the scene of the accident and his foolish attempt to take the cab}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 l}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 es away from his car. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 61}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t is true that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as one of the witnesses said}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 he tried to assist in giving mouth to mouth resuscitation. That is the only indication of any concern. However}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it became very apparent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 doubtless because of his drunken }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 condition}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 that he was far more of a hindrance than a help. But I do take into account that this is the only factor about his behaviour which possibly stands to his credit. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13842899\charrsid13395841 62}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Then there is of course his previous record. That previous record must be a telling factor here especially because of the fact that he has a previous conviction for drunken driving. Although no one was harmed in that}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 it is still something to be taken into account. Moreo}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9598396\charrsid13395841 ver}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9598396\charrsid13395841 the other offences while n}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ot at the top end of the scale of seriousness}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 do convey}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as the Probation Service says that the defendant is someone who is an irresponsible person}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 who does not care about the impact his behaviour has on other people. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 63}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 I am disinclined to give any significant credit for the recent expression of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1385598 remorse because of }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 my concerns about the last minute letter. It is not a major factor but I do give it some weight. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 64}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Weighing as best I can all of those fact}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 ors}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 in my view the appropriate}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 sentence here is 4 years imprisonment. In addition to that there will }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6323139\charrsid13395841 be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the mandatory disqualification for 3 years that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 is also provided for under the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Act. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 65}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 On the charge of theft}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 which is of cour }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 se a much minor charge}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 there w}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ill be a conviction entered and sentence of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6323139\charrsid13395841 one month}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6323139\charrsid13395841 s imprisonment to be served}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 concurrently with the sentence on the drunken driving charge. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 66}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 My only further observation is to convey to the public at large that the Court is taking dangerous and drunken driving seriously and will continue to do}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 so within the limits of the penalties which are}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7675724\charrsid13395841 contained in the Transport Act.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 It should follow from what I have said today that in bad cases of drunken driv ing causing death such as the present one}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 the offender can be assured of a significant period of imprisonment. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 67}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Now I must deal with the question of the contempt of Court charge. As a matter of public interest I want to explain what happen}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022918\charrsid13395841 ed here before I consider Mr Mc}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Fadzien}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s application. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 68}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The history of this matter is that on the 7}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of January 2005 the defendant appeared in Court on the drunken driving charge. On the 13}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of June 2005 an appl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 ication for bail was considered.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 69}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 At that point the defendant plead}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8729482\charrsid13395841 ed not guilty. He was remanded o}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ut of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 custody on bail with a condition req}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 uiring reporting to the Police. On the 20}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 f June 2005 he appeared before a Justice of the Peace. At that stage the matter was brought before the Court because he had failed to comply with the r}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 epor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ting condition. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid2826385 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 70}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid2826385 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 The Justice of the Peace thought it appropriate to impose additional conditions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid2826385 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 namely}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid2826385 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 the defendant to surre}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4811696\charrsid2826385 nder his passport and that he}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 not purchase or consume alcohol. On the 3}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 rd}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 of February 2005 the defendant appeared again before the justice of the Peace and was convicted on a charge of contempt based on a breach of the Court condition prohibiting the defendant from }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid2826385 purchasing or consuming alcohol. He was fined $110.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15891923\charrsid2826385 00 and Court co}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 sts. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid2826385 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid2826385 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 71}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid2826385 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 The Registrar then drew attention to the fact that under current provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid2826385 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 namely s. 87}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid2826385 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 when an accused person is granted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid2826385 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 bail}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid2826385 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 there is authority to impose one conditio}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15891923\charrsid2826385 n only}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid2826385 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15891923\charrsid2826385 namely that the defend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid333210\charrsid2826385 ant report to the P}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid2826385 olice at such times and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid2826385 places as the Court thinks fit.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 72}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Mr McFadzien}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11084321\charrsid13395841 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 s application requests a re }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 hearing in respect of the conviction entered}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 on the grounds that the conditions of bail which the applicant is alleged to have breached were imposed by }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 Court in excess of its jurisdiction under s. 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 7. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 73}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 have no doubt that Mr McFadzien is correct. While the Justice of the Peace}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 for very understandable reasons}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 thought it appropriate to impose the additional conditions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 she had no legal authority to do that. So I grant the application for a rehearing that Mr McFadzie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 n has rightly brought before the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Court and I quash the conviction and discharge the defendant in that respect. \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 74}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3362561\charrsid13395841 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 wish to take this opportunity to d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 raw to the attention of the Ministry}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022918\charrsid13395841 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Justice the urgent need to revise parts of the bail laws of this country. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 Justices}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 are being impeded in the performance of their duties by the antiquated bail laws}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2826385 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3362561\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 Two matters require urgent attention}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 1. There should be the power to impose any bail conditions which the Court thinks are appropriate in the particular circumstances of the case so long as those conditions are aimed at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 : }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 a}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ensuring the accused tu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 rns up for trial} {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 b}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ensuring that no ha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 rm is done to third persons by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8935222\charrsid13395841 the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 accused while on bail}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ;}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 or \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 (}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 c}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 )}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 ensuring that the accused d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 oes}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8935222\charrsid13395841 not re}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4341241\charrsid13395841 -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8935222\charrsid13395841 offend while on bail.}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 In New Zealand}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 for example}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 it is commonplace for conditions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 to be imposed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 just as the Justice of th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 e Peace did here}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 prohibiting a }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 person on bail from drinking alcohol or buying alcohol. Another condition often imposed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 as in cases of alleged sexual violence}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 is that the accused does not }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 go anywhere near the complai}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 nt because there may be a risk of further harm to the complainant. There is often a condition in group offending type cases that the person on bail will not associate with the group. Then there is the important condition that th}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8935222\charrsid13395841 e accused should surrender his or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 her passport. It is indeed surprising that in this country it is not legally possible for the Court to impose that condition. Fortunately}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 in many cases the accused will volunteer to do that but the Court should not be dependent upon offers from the accused. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16458030 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 2. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 The second matter relating to bail is }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 the inability of the Police to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8935222\charrsid13395841 grant bail i}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 n relation to minor charges. Again that is something where a simple amendment to the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 Criminal Procedure Act is all tha}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 t is needed. It would provide that the Police can grant bail in relation to minor offences and thu}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 s avoid the situation that somet}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 imes occurs where someone who has}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 pleaded not guilty or is goin}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 g to plead not guilty on a minor charge is held over a weeken}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 d becaus}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 e the Police have no power to grant bail. The accused has}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8935222\charrsid13395841 stay }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 in custody}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12206298\charrsid13395841 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 even on a minor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 charge. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15212086 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 [}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 75}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16260004\charrsid13395841 ]}{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7022918\charrsid13395841 So I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 make these comments in the hope that the bail law will }{ \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 be changed and changed promptly.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15212086\charrsid13395841 \par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid13395841 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8944643 {\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16458030\charrsid9904761 Chief Justice}{\b\caps\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13395841\charrsid9904761 \par }}