{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f1\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial;}
{\f36\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f37\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f39\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f40\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\f41\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\f42\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f43\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f44\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\f46\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE;}{\f47\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr;}{\f49\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek;}{\f50\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur;}{\f51\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew);}
{\f52\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic);}{\f53\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f54\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;
\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;
\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 Normal;}{
\s1\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 heading 1;}{
\s2\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 heading 2;}{\s3\qj \li2520\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin2520\itap0 \f1\fs24\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext0 heading 3;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 Body Text;}{\s16\qj \li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext16 Body Text 2;}{\s17\qj \li1980\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1980\itap0 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext17 Body Text Indent 2;}{\s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar
\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext18 header;}{\*\cs19 \additive \sbasedon10 page number;}}{\*\listtable
{\list\listtemplateid-496707144\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1430846278\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li1080
\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440
\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160
\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880
\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600
\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320
\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040
\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760
\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480
\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid318728842}{\list\listtemplateid-1823318892\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703
\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713
\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6840\jclisttab\tx6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715
\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li7560\jclisttab\tx7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid608515283}{\list\listtemplateid1242082614\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid633293916}{\list\listtemplateid-1366126770\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1430846278\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li1080\jclisttab\tx1080\lin1080 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace1980\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-594618182\'03(\'02);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\b0\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li2700\jclisttab\tx2700\lin2700 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid-872523990\'03(\'03);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid640235150}{\list\listtemplateid1305893614\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6840\jclisttab\tx6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li7560\jclisttab\tx7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid1509783423}{\list\listtemplateid646869280\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6840\jclisttab\tx6840\lin6840 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li7560\jclisttab\tx7560\lin7560 }{\listname ;}\listid1555241295}{\list\listtemplateid-293038794\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2160\jclisttab\tx2160\lin2160 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li2880\jclisttab\tx2880\lin2880 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3600\jclisttab\tx3600\lin3600 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4320\jclisttab\tx4320\lin4320 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5040\jclisttab\tx5040\lin5040 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5760\jclisttab\tx5760\lin5760 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6480\jclisttab\tx6480\lin6480 }{\listname ;}\listid1611818677}{\list\listtemplateid953061652\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid1430846278\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\fbias0\hres0\chhres0 \fi-720\li1440\jclisttab\tx1440\lin1440 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1
\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'01.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li1800\jclisttab\tx1800\lin1800 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative
\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'02.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li2520\jclisttab\tx2520\lin2520 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360
\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'03.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3240\jclisttab\tx3240\lin3240 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0
{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'04.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li3960\jclisttab\tx3960\lin3960 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li4680\jclisttab\tx4680\lin4680 }{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698703\'02\'06.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li5400\jclisttab\tx5400\lin5400 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'07.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-360\li6120\jclisttab\tx6120\lin6120 }{\listlevel\levelnfc2\levelnfcn2\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\lvltentative\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext
\leveltemplateid67698715\'02\'08.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\hres0\chhres0 \fi-180\li6840\jclisttab\tx6840\lin6840 }{\listname ;}\listid1689135330}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid633293916\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid640235150
\listoverridecount0\ls2}{\listoverride\listid1689135330\listoverridecount0\ls3}{\listoverride\listid318728842\listoverridecount0\ls4}{\listoverride\listid1555241295\listoverridecount0\ls5}{\listoverride\listid608515283\listoverridecount0\ls6}
{\listoverride\listid1509783423\listoverridecount0\ls7}{\listoverride\listid1611818677\listoverridecount0\ls8}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid77026\rsid78319\rsid532790\rsid1007255\rsid1271553\rsid1383417\rsid1592642\rsid1921806\rsid3168472\rsid3214109\rsid3484008
\rsid4196581\rsid4346947\rsid4467181\rsid4479696\rsid4618716\rsid5114739\rsid5332927\rsid6304015\rsid7210231\rsid7366320\rsid7676879\rsid7871778\rsid7938424\rsid8996053\rsid9443659\rsid9766124\rsid9966419\rsid10687645\rsid11026471\rsid11429832
\rsid12868479\rsid14242819\rsid15159012\rsid15471106\rsid15947530\rsid16005363}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6829;}{\info{\title IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE COOK ISLANDS}{\author tfaireka}{\operator Talevakarua Laniana}
{\creatim\yr2007\mo10\dy9\hr14\min38}{\revtim\yr2007\mo10\dy18\hr16\min33}{\version39}{\edmins94}{\nofpages11}{\nofwords4201}{\nofchars23951}{\nofcharsws28096}{\vern16393}{\*\password 00000000}}{\*\xmlnstbl }
\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1800\margr1800\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\grfdocevents0\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1
\dgvshow1\jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\rsidroot11026471 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\sectd 
\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\headerl \pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs19\insrsid1921806 PAGE  }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\cs19\insrsid1921806 
\par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid1921806 
\par }}{\headerr \pard\plain \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\wraparound\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {
\cs19\insrsid1921806 PAGE  }}{\fldrslt {\cs19\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid14242819 10}}}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\cs19\insrsid1921806 
\par }\pard \s18\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid1921806 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE COOK ISLANDS
\par HELD AT RAROTONGA
\par (ELECTORAL COURT)
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 MISC. NO. 81/06
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 IN THE MATTER}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832  }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 of the Cook Islands

\par Electoral Act 2004 and the
\par General Elections held on
\par 26 September 2006
\par }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 
\par BETWEEN}{\insrsid11429832 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 JOHN BAXTER}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832 
\par }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 of Aitutaki, businessman and}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832  }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 unsuccessful candidate for
\par election in the Amuri Ureia}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832  }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 Constituency
\par }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 Petitioner
\par }{\insrsid11429832 
\par }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 AND}{\insrsid11429832 
\par 
\par }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 MR TEREPAI (JUNIOR)
\par MAOATE}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832 
\par }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 of Aitutaki,}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832  }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 successful candidate for}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832  }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 election in the}{
\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832 
\par }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 Amuri Ureia}{\b\insrsid11429832\charrsid11429832  }{\b\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 Constituency
\par }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid11429832 Respondent}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 Counsel}{\insrsid1383417\charrsid1383417  }{\insrsid1383417 : }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 
Mr N George for Petitioner
\par (assisted by Law Clerk Mr B George)
\par Mr M Mitchell for Respondent
\par }{\insrsid1383417 
\par }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 Date of Hearing:}{\insrsid78319\charrsid1383417  }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 31 October and 1 November 2006
\par Date of Decision:}{\insrsid78319\charrsid1383417  }{\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 1 November 2006
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1383417 {\b\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid1383417 DECISION OF WILLIAMS CJ
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5114739 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par This is a petition brought by Mr John Baxter, Petitioner and}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Terepai Junior Maoate, Respondent.
\par 
\par It is an oral judgment and I give it now rather than reserving}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 because it is desirable since my mind is clear on the outcome that I
 should deliver the judgment.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77026 1. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
Significant efforts have been made the Judiciary to deal with these Petitions as soon as possible and it would be unhelpful to delay while I write a more refined Judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 However, I want to say that I reserve the right to
 add to what I am about to say, especially in the case of the legal principles, I am not going to take time to read them out but I will insert them in the Judgment.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 There may be corrections and minor additions to be made to the facts and narrative.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77026 2. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The
 Petition relates to the recent General Election on 26 September where in the Amuri Ureia electorate the outcome was that the sitting candidate the Respondent was re-elected.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The result was 214 votes for the Respondent and 164 for the Petitioner.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15947530 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766124 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77026 3. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I beg
in by describing the background of the Respondent that is relevant to the allegation of bribery made here.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He was elected in 2004 in this constituency.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
His father is a senior Cabinet Minister and prior to the dissolution of Parliament as I understand, was the Deputy Prime Minister.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77026 4. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The evidence establishes that there is in the Maoate family a long-standing tradition of public service and of charitable giving.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 This of course is a splendid tradition and it is to be encouraged but it is necessary for me to
 stress at the outset that such an admirable tradition establishes no right to ignore the electoral laws about bribery and corruption and treating.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I can take the tradition into account insofar as it is argued and if it is established that it was a motivat
ing factor but of course if they are found to be breaches of the electoral law, it is no defence to say that there is an established tradition in the family of the kind that I have mentioned.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77026 5. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The setting in this case and why I mentioned the Maoate fami
ly is because all of the allegations in the Petition which I will come in a moment, are resisted on the basis that they were charitable gifts or simple outright gifts to friends, family, local residents.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid77026 6. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Mitchell referred to the passage in Vol. 14 of Halsburys Laws of England, Third Edition, page 217 which says in part:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7871778 {\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
\par }{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778 "bona fide}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778  charity has always been allowed, on the other hand,}{\i\insrsid3168472\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
what we call charitable gifts may be a merely auspicious and}{\i\insrsid3168472\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 subtle form of bribery.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
The evidence of an election is an important}{\i\insrsid3168472\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 factor if we take into consideration and decide whether a particular}{\i\insrsid3168472\charrsid7871778  }{
\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 act of charity amounts to bribery.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 Charitable desire may be}{\i\insrsid3168472\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
unobjectionable so long as there is no elections in prospect.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 But if}{\i\insrsid1007255\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
an election becomes imminent, the danger of the gift being regarded as bribery is increased.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 It has been said that charity at}{\i\insrsid3168472\charrsid7871778  }{
\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 election times ought to be kept in the background by politicians}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 .
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766124 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
and that is a citation to the Wigan case which Mr George mentioned and which I set out in my judgment.
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4346947 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766124 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9966419 7. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Halsbury went on to say:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7871778 {\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
\par }{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 that the question is one of degree, an isolated small donation}{\i\insrsid7938424\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 on the occasion of a birth may not be bribery.}{
\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 There are such}{\i\insrsid7938424\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 gifts on an extensive scale will need to be inference that they}{\i\insrsid7938424\charrsid7871778 
 }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 were given to influence voters.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766124 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9966419 8. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Then further on down it says:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid7871778 {\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
\par }{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 in order to constitute the effects of bribery, it does not matter}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
how long before an election the bribe given is given provided that}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 the bribe is operative at the time of the election.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{
\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 Time is however}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 material in considering the question of evidence.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
It is obvious}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 that where a considerable time lapses between the bribe and
\par the election the difficulty of proving bribery much increases.If the act of bribery is committed shortly before the poll, the}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 act will be assumed to be briber
y until the contrary is shown}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 If the act of bribery is committed after the voter has voted,
\par it must be shown that it was done corruptly and for this}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 purpose it is important to see whether it has been done}{\i\insrsid12868479\charrsid7871778  }{
\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 in the pursuance of an antecedent promise.}{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid7871778 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid7871778 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766124 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9966419 9. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The Court of Appeal recently made similar comments about the importance of the timing in the Wigmore v Matapo case.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 (In my Judgment I will reproduce what they said).}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Clearly the authority is to the effect that politicians and Ministers should be particularly careful of their behaviour during the election period.
\par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9766124 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid9766124 
Grounds of the Petition
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9966419 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9966419 10. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
There were five grounds for the Petition, namely:
\par }\pard \ql \li360\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid78319 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9443659 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9443659 (1). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That on Saturday the 23rd of September 2006 in Aitutaki Terepai (Junior) Maoate, the successful candidate representing the Democratic Party in the Amuri Ureia Consituency directly gave to }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Ngeretupuna Taiava}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 , an elector in the Amuri Ureia Constituency}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 ,}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319  cash to the value of between $5.00 to $10.00 in order to induce the elector to vote for him.}{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par Section 88(a) of the Electoral Act 2004.
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8996053 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15159012 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15159012 (2). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That during the month of September 2006 in Aitutaki about 3 weeks before the General Election on September the 26th, Ter
epai (Junior) Maoate, the successful candidate representing the Democratic Party in the Amuri Ureia Constituency directly or indirectly offered to any elector namely }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Vainemoepai Taokai}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 , an elector in the Amuri Ureia Constuency, valuable consideration, namely the free renovations of her house in order to induce the elector to vote for him.
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1921806 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Section 88(a) of the Electoral Act 2004}{
\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8996053 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8996053\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15159012 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15159012 (3). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That on or about the first week of September 2006 at the Rarotonga International Airport, Domestic terminal, Terepai (Junior) Maoate, the success candidate representing the Democratic Party in the Amuri Ureia Constituency gave }{
\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Ake Oti}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 , an elector in the Amuri Ureia Constituency, the sum of $20.00 cash in order to induce the elector to vote for him.

\par }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Section 88(a) of the Electoral Act 2004}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li1980\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1980\itap0\pararsid78319 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15159012 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15159012 (4). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That in the month of September 2006, in Aitutaki about 2 weeks before election day September the 26th, Terepai (Junior) Maoate, being a candidate at any election in the Amuri Ureia Constituency by himself during the election campaign period
 directly gave food namely one large tuna and a piece of frozen wahoo to any peson who is an elector in the Amuri Ureia Constituency, namely }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Lawrence Williams}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319  \endash }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15159012 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5332927\charrsid78319 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15159012 (a). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 for the purpose of corruptly influencing that person to vote (for him) or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5332927\charrsid78319 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15159012 (b). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 for the purpose of procuring himself to be elected.
\par Section 89 Electoral Act 2004
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15159012 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687645 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10687645 (5). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That on the 17th of September 2006 in Aitutaki, Terepai (Junior) Maoate being a candidate at any election in the Amuri Ureia Constituency, by himself, during the election campai
gn period directly gave food namely, a tray of bread and pai bread to any person who is an elector in the Amuri Ureia Constituency namely }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Taia Manuela}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319  and }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Kaitai Tutai }{\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10687645 {\b\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5332927\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10687645 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10687645 (a). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
for the purpose of corruptly influencing that person to vote (for him) or}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5332927\charrsid78319 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10687645 (b). }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 for the purpose of procuring himself to be elected.
\par }{\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Section 89 Electoral Act 2004
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 {\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687645 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 11. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
Before considering the evidence in relation to each, it is appropriate to mention some characteristics which apply to all of them.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 
\par 12. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 First of all, there is no evidence that when Mr Maoate made the gift that is alleged to have}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 been given for the purposes of wrongly inducing the elector to vote for him.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
There was no evidence that there was any talk of voting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In other words, in each particular case, this was}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 to George, the topic of whether the recipient should vote for Mr Maoate or his party was never raised.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 13. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
Secondly, most, if not all of the recipients appear to have been either elderly people with some form of disability or some form of problem with the sole except
ion being a young woman Mrs Ake Oti, who was the recipient of a gift on the birth of her baby and the Tutai family, the couple who I would say were maybe in their 40s to whom the tray of bread was given.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 But three of the five involved elderly people in need of some kind or another, that is the second common feature.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 14. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The third common feature is that in each case the Respondent in his evidence has asserted that they were gifts in the place of things that were given which is every case except number 2 and
 that they were given with no set motive because of a combination of a tradition in the family to look after people in need and because of a sense of duty arising out of his more recent responsibilities but much more of the former than the latter.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 15. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The final mater is that no case where money changed hands was the amount of any significance, even in the Cook Islands setting.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 So the case if far different from some of the notable bribery and corruption cases that have been heard in the Cook Islands over the years.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
As Mr Mitchell rightly acknowledged, that is not to say that the allegations are not serious or that they should not take it lightly the amounts involved are but one factor considering the overall question of whether offences have been committed.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 16. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I deal now with some of the evidence which was given on each ground.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 17. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The first allegation relates to Mr Ngere Taiava and it is acknowledged that although the petition alleges a gift of $5-$10, it was a $5 sum that was handed over.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The circumstances were that Mr Taiava is an elderly blind man, an old age pensioner.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He has been known to Mr Maoate for many years and I will come back to that in a minute.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 They met some time in September not long before the election.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
In fact if the date is correct, it is very shortly before the election, 3 days before the election.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 18. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
And the circumstances were that in the course of the discussion Ngere said to Mr Maoate that he had been disappointed recently because he had wanted to go to a meeting at the Cook Islands
 Party headquarters and someone was supposed to pick him up but they did not do so.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
In the course of the discussion he asked whether there was a, for confirmation, that there was a Democratic Party meeting on that evening.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 19. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate confirmed that there was such a meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He pointed out that all attendees would be required to pay for the food that would be supplied at the meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate knowing of this man\rquote s generally prepotenious status gave him $5.00, nothing was said about voting.
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687645 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1271553 20. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The circumstances that had led to this discussion were that as was apparently quite often the case, Mr Maoate when he saw Mr Taiava walking home, offered him a ride.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He had offered him a ride on many previous occasions because he knew that there were difficulties with his elderly blind man finding his way home.
}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 That was the only evidence offered on ground one.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3484008 21. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In cross examination he confirmed that he had not been asked to vote.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 There was no difference between the two as to what had been said or what had happened.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 However, he did say during cross examination that there were family connections between them.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 His phrase was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 it is the same grandfather line}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319  and he acknowledged that t
hey had known each other for a long time and that it was a habit of Mr Maoate from time to time to give him food and money.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He said he has always looked after him.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3484008 22. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate came to give evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He explained that he had known Mr Taiava since the ear
ly 1970s-80s when Mr Maoate came back to Aitutaki in 1983 he met him again and socialized with him occasionally and he said that since 1983 till the present, he has virtually given him money and food.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He said he had a soft spot for handicap people, especia
lly old people and he went on to describe how he had often given him goods when he had come to his store which he owns in Aitutaki, Maina Traders.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In this respect he said that if he saw him in the store looking to buy things, he would ask him what he wante
d and having supplied him with his needs, he would tell the staff to give him the food, whatever he wanted and he would direct that the charges should be entered up against his wife\rquote s account.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 It is not appropriate for me to explore the subtle question of why his wife ended up paying for these things, that is an irrelevancy.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 23. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
There were other witnesses, namely, Ms Emi Tanga, who works at the Maina Traders store, and in addition Manea Paiti, both young women who worked there.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 She confirmed in every respect what Mr Maoate had said about his long-standing support for Mr Taiava.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The evidence in my view established that over the years there have been numerous occasions, very frequent occasions where this kind of generosity has been extended by Mr Maoate to him.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 24. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
It is appropriate at this stage to say that in approaching the question of whether any offences have been committed, I have had recourse to the memorandum issued to all counsel by Mr McFadzien which contains all the relevant cases.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In my judgment I will refer to relevant cases on bribery and to matters on burden of proof and so on which both counsel have mentioned.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Taking into account all those principles, I need to approach this evidence to decide whether it has been established that there was an a
ct of bribery under s. 88(a) in this regard.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 25. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Before giving my ruling on that I should say two things briefly about the legal position.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 First, as I pointed out to Mr George in his closing, the Petitioner needs only to establish that one of the motivating factors was a deliberate attempt to induce the elector to vote for him.

\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 26. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Contrary to what Mr George said, it is not necessary for him to establish that lawful intention to use was the dominant intention.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Putting it round the other way, it was established to the record standing that one of the motivating factors was to induce the elector vote.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 That will sustain the allegation.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 27. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Taking into account all of the evidence that was put before me and the long standing tradition and past support of this p
articular individual by Mr Maoate where friendship and family connections, I find that the ground has not been made out.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
In saying that, and this applies to all of the grounds I remark that I listened carefully to the evidence of Mr Maoate, I found him a completely truthful witness, indeed, an impressive witness.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He had where there is a dispute on the facts, against, that is a case I will mention in a moment, I look at his evidence with very considerable weight and there is no conflict between the parties h
ere as to what actually happened and I accept as truthful the evidence of Mr Maoate, that he was motivated by nothing other than his long-standing commitment to this man and all the reasons I have traversed already.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In my view, ground 1 fails completely.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 28. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
I come now to ground 2 which is a slightly different matter because what is contended here is that there is a breach of s. 88(a) because in relation to Mrs Tokai, a promise was made to fix the roof after the election so no money changed hands, no goods
 were provided.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 29. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The evidence of Mrs Tokai was that she is a an elderly person living in a house which has very considerable problems including rotting timber and extensive leaking.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I should mention that in her evidence she described Mr Maoate Jnr as a good man in the village.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 There was no dispute between the parties as to what happened.
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10687645 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 30. }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate had been visiting Mr Tokai\rquote s sister in law who lives nearby.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The sister in law had said you need to help Mrs Tokai because I have been there recently and seen leaks in the roof and buckets to try and catch the leaks so would you please go next door and help this 76 year old lady with that problem.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate had said that he would do so and he went next door and had a discussion about the leaking problem.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He advised that it was impermissible for him to arrange any government assistance during the election period.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He was sympathetic to her situation however he said that after the election he considered that he would be able to help because the government had available funds. She said that she terminated the discussion by saying }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 well, forget about it.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15471106 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 31. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
It was suggested that she made that rather dismissal remark because she had deduced that his offer of assistance had a political motivation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That was denied.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate confirmed her account and once again there was no real disagreement as to what had happened.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 32. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He pointed out in his evidence that he had known her since the 1970s.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 They had known each other because her niece was one of the me
mbers of the dance team that he had formed in 2001, had been a couple of trips overseas and he said that his actions that day in deciding to go and speak to her were motivated by that background but even more by his responsibility to look after old people
 in the electorate, that he always tried to see the old people and keep in touch with them and offer what assistance he could.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 33. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He explained that he had said to both of the women on the day that he could not do anything during the election, he made that
 quite clear and strongly denied that there was any political motivation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He said he had always taken an interest in helping people with their housing and there was evidence from three people who, namely Mrs Natua, Mrs Williams and Mrs George who all confi
rmed that Mr Maoate was accustomed to trying to assist elderly people with housing problems, either as a voluntary matter or as an Member of Parliament, he had been involved in the housing work parties, not just within the electorate but around the island
.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The arrangement usually was that the owner would provide the materials, the cases were, there was no government involvement and Mr Maoate was often leader of the workers.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 34. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
Looking at the question whether an offence has been established under s. 88(a), I find the evidence is insufficient to sustain the allegation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
I note in particular the way in which Mr Maoate resisted the idea of helping during the election period and in my
 view that strongly demonstrates that he had no political motivations; first in undertaking the discussion and secondly in signifying that he would only become involved and seek to assist after the election.
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 
\par 35. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The third allegation relates to a meeting at the Rarotonga airport in September of this year when Mr Maoate gave $20.00 in cash to a young mother, Mrs Ake Oti.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He said he gave it to her either for her to buy nappies for the baby or to put in the baby\rquote s bank account.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Ms Oti gave evidence as to their meeting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 As with all the others, she said, on the occasion in question there was no talk of voting.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 She said she was }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 surprised he gave me the money.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 She acknowledged that in discussion he had explained that he gave money to mother\rquote s who gave birth.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 36. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate in his evidence said that over the years he had made similar gifts to perhaps 20 such mothers.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He helped more than 10 of them in the last 5 years.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 As to his prior relationship or knowledge of this young lady, he said that her partner works for Mr Baxter who was the opposition candidate.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 37. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He said it was a spontaneous gesture.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He began by asking her whether she had had the baby.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He said it was part of a family tradition.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He said that Oti was living in one of his houses, the Air Rarotonga buildi
ng is in front of the house and that the partner to Ake is a relation of his, they usually work together.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The father is a social friend, they have played rugby together, been on trips to New Zealand and he has treated them as family.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He said they were living free in his house at the time.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
Against the background of his established tradition which his wife confirmed, I did not find that there was any improper political motives in this gift.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 38. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 As to the question of why it was cash, it naturally arouses suspicion.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 His wife said that her view was understandably he gave cash, in the usual course, she would have been deputed to go to the shops to buy the nappies.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Like many men he was not accustomed to doing that, that was her explanation as to why cash had been given.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I find it an acceptable explanation.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 So once again I find that the petition is not made out ground 3.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 39. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I advance to the treating allegations which first involved gifts of }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 one large tuna and a piece of frozen wahoo to Lawrence Williams, allegedly in September 2006.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
There was a great deal of evidence about the fishing schedules of the Maoate family and the evidenced established beyond any question of doubt that there was a long-standing tradition that where members of the family had a successful c
atch, and especially a large catch, they would distribute it to neighbours and others on the island.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The evidences also established that on may previous occasions Mr Williams and been the recipient of gifts of fish.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Williams\rquote 
 evidence was that when Mr Maoate gave him the fish, he said }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 he caught a lot of fish and is going to give it away.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Williams said he thanked him and nothing else was said.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 40. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Williams agreed that he had been given fish by Mr Maoate since 2004.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The evidence of Mr Maoate however was that it went back a good deal further than that.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 41. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
There is some evidence about the suggestion by Mr Williams that the Maoatea family was in a habit of throwing fish away and he said he complained about that.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In my view that is a side issue which has little or nothing to do with the primary allegation.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 42. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In cross-examination Mr Williams acknowledged that he was closely related to Mr Maoate Jnr; that his house was opposite Mr Bob Maoate
\rquote s house, the brother of Junior Maoate and that Bob often gave him fish, so did another brother, Mr Peckham Maoate.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
So there was no dispute by Mr Williams that over the years lots of fish had been given by the Maoate family.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
It was confirmed by Mrs Walker one of his neighbours.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4467181 43. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 There was a fair deal of time spent on the question of whether in fact he had been given a large tuna and piece of frozen wahoo.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The evidence of Mr Junior Maoate was that the gift came about because of the fact that on Monday the 7th of August this year he
 had caught a very large marlin weighing, according to the press report 208 kilograms as well as tuna, mahimahi, bonito and other fish, a total catch of about 300 kilograms.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 This was a regionally major event because it was the subject of a photograph in the Cook Islands News on the 8th of August.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 What Mr Junior Maoate said was that the proceeds of this large catch were distributed widely and that Lawrence Williams had been given a small fresh tuna and some fresh marlin.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 44. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr George wanted to, after a fair way through the evidence to amend the petition to take out the words }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 frozen wahoo.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
I disallowed the application because of its lateness and because it seem to me inappropriate to allow a petition to be amended as we \'85\'85\'85 just to coincide with the evidence.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I had earlier allowed several inconsequential amendments.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 45. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
In truth there may not be much in the descriptions of fish except that to the extent that there is any issue between the accounts given by these people.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I find that the gift was from the catch on Monday the 7th of August.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
In my view it is supportive of an innocent distribution of the fish because it was occasioned by this very large catch by Junior Maoate, a great number of people were the beneficiaries of this fish.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 If it had indeed been gi
ven later as a piece of frozen fish, that might deter the implication that it was not a spontaneous gesture following from the big catch on the 7th of August if the delivery had been frozen fish. Looking at all of the available evidence, I find that the a
llegation is not made out.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 46. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The final allegation which may be characterized as the weakest of all the cases.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr George candidly admitted, conceded in his closing address which he deserves credit that all of these cases were borderline cases bearing the absence of any discussions about voting.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He would need to persuade me to infer an improper and illegal motive.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 47. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In this particular incident as has been apparent in my judgment so far I have not found it possible to draw that that inference.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In fact, th
e evidence is, in my view, and the same applies to ground 5, consistent with a innocent explanation and I do find in all cases that it was not politically motivated.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4196581 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 48. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The allegation is as follows:
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14242819 {\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid14242819 
\par }{\i\insrsid78319\charrsid14242819 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid14242819 That on the 17th of September Mr Maoate being a candidate}{\i\insrsid16005363\charrsid14242819  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid14242819 
directly gave food, namely, a tray of bread and pai bread to}{\i\insrsid16005363\charrsid14242819  }{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid14242819  any person who is an elector in the Amuri Ureia Constituency namely Taia Manuela and Kaitai Tutai}{
\i\insrsid78319\charrsid14242819 "}{\i\insrsid1921806\charrsid14242819 
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3214109 {\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 49. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The evidence in support was give
n by Taia Manuela and she explained that her husband Kaitai and Mr Maoate had been friends and acquaintances for many years and they have developed a tradition where Mr Tutai was skilled hunter who caught wild pigs on the island, would exchange pork for g
roceries or food or other things given by Mr Maoate.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 50. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The evidence established beyond doubt that that was the tradition between the two of them who were closely acquainted and that on this particular occasion Mr Maoate Jnr came round to see whether any 
pigs had been shot recently and whether any pork was available.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He brought with him some bread, six joined loaves and also some pai bread which is a sweet bread in a block, the estimated value of about $4.00.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
This was on a Sunday morning.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 She did not agree that it was a gift.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 She said, I thought it was to be an exchange.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
That, in her words, Kaitai would give the piece of pork and it would be an exchange.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 51. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 As it turned out, although he had some pork a few days earlier he did not have any at the time.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate gave the bread and in the \'85\'85\'85 at some future time he would get some pork.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mrs Manuela confirmed that her husband and Junior are close friends.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 52. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Mr Maoate in his evidence confirmed that they were close friends.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 They used to go spear fishing and still friends today.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
He used to work for Mr Maoate and they still continue the tradition giving each other gift}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15471106 s, food for food and exchanges.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 53. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 He said that as he left having given him the bread, he said }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 don\rquote t forget the piece of pork.}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 " }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 There was no discussion of politics.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 54. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In my judgment the evidence falls far short of establishing the requirements of s. 89 of the Electoral Act.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In fact, I will go so far as to say that this was a frivolous allegation to contend that gift of bread.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In those circumst
ances where on all sides it was agreed there had been a tradition of exchange and that in return for the bread, some pork would be given in the future.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 55. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 In a setting where politics was not spoken and it was known to Mr Maoate that his friend was a full, to quote Mrs Manuela, }{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 a full Demo}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319 "}{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
 is just an impossible contention to sustain.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 56. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 
The consequence of my findings that the evidence is clear on each of these matters and my acceptance of the evidence of Mr Maoate that there was no corrupt intention and that was a proper and innocent explanation leads me to dismiss the petition.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 57. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 As to the question of costs, it may be difficult to deal with that today because the Petitioner may not know what are the total costs.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 If that is the case I simply direct t
hat the parties should endeavour to agree on costs, if they cannot agree on the amount of costs then the Respondent will lodge written submissions in support of the claim for costs but then 21 days from the date of my signed written judgment, thereafter t
he Petitioner will have 21 days to reply in writing, indicating the Respondents views as to the quantum of costs.
\par 
\par }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7210231 58. }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 I have decided that the Respondent is entitled to costs so their submissions will be confined to the quantum of costs.}{
\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid78319  }{\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 The only matter whi
ch should be specifically addressed apart from quantum is the question whether in relation to Ground 5 there is justification for full indemnity costs because of what I have found to have been a frivolous and untenable allegation.
\par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid78319 \f1\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4618716 
\par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4618716 {\b\f0\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1921806\charrsid78319 Chief Justice
\par }}