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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname PlaceName}}COOK{\*\xmlclose} {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname PlaceType}}ISLANDS}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid11610319 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 HELD AT {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}RAROTONGA{\*\xmlclose}
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3345274 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 Application No. 286/04
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15689905 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid11610319 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9254479 of section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479  409(f) of the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9254479 Cook Islands Act 1915}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3345274 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid9254479 AND}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 
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 PA ELIZABETH-TE RITO O TE }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9254479 RANGI ARIKI
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 to hear and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid9254479 d}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 etermine her right to hold}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9254479\charrsid9254479  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 the title of}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid11610319  PA ARIKI
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8016980\charrsid9254479 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8016980 Mr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479  George for Pa Elizabeth
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8016980 Mrs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479  Browne for Pa Marie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8016980\charrsid9254479 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 Dates of hearing: 28.6.04, 29.6.04, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid9254479 30.6.04, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid9254479 
1.7.04
\par Date of decision: 02 July 2004
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid11816867 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3345274 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4281506\charrsid11610319 DECISION OF GREIG CJ}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3345274\charrsid11610319 
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\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid683769 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4281506\charrsid11610319 
[1] Section 426 (2) of the Cook Islands Act 1915 makes provision as to the tenure of office of an Ariki and refers to the determination of that by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
and subject to an enactment and in default of that enactment then by native custom. There is no enactment an}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 d so native custom must rule. S.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  409(f) of the same Act provides, under the general miscellaneous jurisdiction of this Court, the jurisdiction in the words of the sub-}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 paragraph, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
to hear and determine any question as to the right of any person to hold office as an Ariki or other Native chief of any island}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 .

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 
\par [2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ] These,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
provisions seems to have been created because}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of disputes as to}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the title of an Ariki and in a desire to provide a pl}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 ace to resolve these disputes, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 which the Court has often said, should be decided}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 by the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 families, by the Ariki, by the Rangatira, by the Mataiapo in each case. The provisions of the statute do not give jurisdiction }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 to the Court to appoint Arikis, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 that has to be done by the family, by the tribe}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Nor do any of these provisions provide jurisdiction to remove any Ariki, that again is a matter f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 r the family or tribe.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 
\par [3]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Once again there is now before the Court, unhappily, a dispu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 te as to the title of Pa Ariki. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 The application is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  made by Pa Elizabeth Terito O Te Rangi }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Ariki to determine her right to hold the title. For convenience I am go}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ng to call her Pa Elizabeth. She makes the claim to hold the title on the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 grounds that it was the decision of the kopu ariki to appoint her to replace her sister, that her genealogy entitles her to lay claim to the title}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 that she}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 is of outstanding character and is highly respected in the tribe and she has under gone an investiture ceremony.

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Pa Marie Tepaeru Upokotini Ariki whom I will for convenience}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  call}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Pa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
Marie, opposes this application on various grounds, in particular, relating to her own position as Ariki since 1990.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4545737\charrsid11610319 
\par [4]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  I go back to what may be described as the immediate background of this matter. Pa Tepaeru also known as Pa Terito, the mother of Pa
 Elizabeth and Pa Marie and the other siblings, had been the Pa Ariki since}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12928243\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 1924}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12928243\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 when she was about one year old. She died in 1990 in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Auckland}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12928243\charrsid11610319 {\*\xmlclose} }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 on the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12928243\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 way to attend the Waitangi Treaty ceremonies on }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}the 6}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  of February}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12928243\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 1990{\*\xmlclose}. Her death was not expected, it was unexpected. Sir Apenera Short}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Takau Rangatira and the regent or taunga for Pa Terito brought the body back to the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Cook Islands{\*\xmlclose} for burial.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12928243\charrsid11610319 
\par [5] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319 Pa Terito h}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ad nine children, most of them at that time living overseas }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8194660\charrsid11610319 and indeed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 majority still do. They all }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319 came to the funeral in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Rarotonga{\*\xmlclose},}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 and they then decided at a family meeting that the eldest daughter be chosen to be Ariki. That was Pa Marie. That choice was confirmed by the Ui Rangatira and the Mataiapo and
 all the Pa tribe took part in the investiture. It is of some relevance and importance that at that time there were other claimants subject to consideration by the Ui Rangatira but it would end with election and choice of Pa Marie as confirmed Ariki.

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [6] In 1996, Pa Elizabeth began proceedings to challenge her}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 sister}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 succession to Ariki {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}land{\*\xmlclose}
 of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Pa{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}; land which the Court after a lengthy hearing and in a lengthy and detailed judgment held to be Ariki land. That is to say land which belongs to
 Pa Marie alone in right of her title. I note that on that occasion, there were some eight pieces of land involved; two}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 were conceded to be Ariki land, three were found to be Ariki land and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 three were found to be family land. The application which Pa Marie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 had made for succession in 1991 related to all the lands, all the eight lands, that was following advice and research by solicitors and others}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9923660\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  experts in the matter.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [7] I note also that a large number of other lands of Pa, were under}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 other}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 succession o
rders, ordered to be held by all nine of the family. That is to say they were family lands. That again was on application made by Pa Marie. It may be observed that although there is a large number of lands now family lands, it is the Ariki lands which app
ear to have the value and the importance in money terms.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
[8] Pa Elizabeth then appealed against the Order in the High Court. The appeal was dismissed on the grounds that it was out of time. But the Court of Appeal observed and stated that it was not persuaded that there}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3674295\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 were any }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
merits to the appeal which would have outwe}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 ighed the delay. It is invariabl}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
e on an application for leave out of time, that the Court considers the merits of the matter and if the merits are clear, it will grant leave because otherwise it would be contrary to justice to dismiss the matter just because of lapse of time.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 
\par [9]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  The Ariki land includes the site of the Hotel at Vaimaanga which is partly built and which is in process of redevelopment. Very large sums of money}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 are involved. It is said that Pa Marie has received more than a million}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
dollars in rent and other payments. The rest of the family do not have a share in that land or the money and it is their complaint that they}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5785885\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 have not received any share of it. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 Mr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 Iaveta Short in his evidence put his}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
finger on the root cause of this dispute in the family when he said that it was land and money.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 
\par [10]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  In 2002 Pa Elizabeth made a move to remove Pa Marie. She applied to the Ui Rangatira on that subject. The Ui Rangati
ra met, rejected the application and gave their support to Pa Marie as a continuing Ariki.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15950989\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [11] In May 2004, this year, Teariki Upoko o Te Tinitini Peyroux also known}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  as Sonny Peyroux who is the 6}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  child but the first son}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5785885\charrsid11610319 
 of Pa Terito celebrated his 5}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5785885\charrsid11610319 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 birthday in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Rarotonga{\*\xmlclose}. Nearly all his family came to support him}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
and celebrate with him that occasion. At that time the opportunity was taken for meetings of the family except Pa Marie and a decision was agreed by all 8 of the siblings that Pa Marie be
 removed and Pa Elizabeth be appointed in her place. The Ui Rangatira met after they learnt of this,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
rejected the family decision and again supported Pa Marie.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 The family}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 had a meeting with a number of the Mataiapo and received}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 some support.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 They proceeded with the appointment of Pa Eliza}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 beth and an investiture ceremon}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 y took place.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [12] I have heard evidence from all the members of the family, nearly all of them by giving evidence in the witness box and then subject to cross examination. I have also heard }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 evidence from Mataiapo, Rangatira}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Taunga and other people who are and have been involved in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 one way or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
another and who claim in one way or another expertise in the customs of the Pa family.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 There is now a very deep dissension in the family and there is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 I perceive a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 grave concern not to say cons}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 ternation among the Ui Rangatira}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 others in the family that this matter has come before the Court and that the family dispute has been displayed in open and in public. This is particularly so in what is the Pa Ar
iki or Puara of Takitumu which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 I have}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 been told and which I accept is of first ranking status in the important tribe of Takitumu. It is sad that once again an Ariki title is}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 before the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Court; that it has not been possible to settle the dispute within}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the tribe.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 
\par [13]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  The Courts have on a number of occasions made a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 plea to the family or}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
tribe to resolve the matter. Justice McHugh who gave the decision in the 1996 application ended his judgment by saying this and I repeat i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3620950\charrsid11610319 t, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3620950\charrsid11610319 quite}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 obviously the Ui Rangatira and Mataiapo present in the family meeting of 19 March 1997 wanted a peaceful and united outcome within}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3620950\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Pa Ariki and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  Kairang}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 i}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s immediate family}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  [Kairangi being Pa Elizabeth]}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
There is no need to stress that the relationship between the Ariki and th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3620950\charrsid11610319 e Ngati is not a one way affair.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 There is a need for respect and co-operation and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 a two}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 way obligation for the Ariki and the people to help each other.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 e ended }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 his judgment with this obs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 ervation: }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 the Court and the kop}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 tangata}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 would like to think that this family 
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 will become unified and put any}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  present or past disag}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 reements aside, it can be done.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 Unfortunately, those observations made in July 1998 have not come }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3620950\charrsid11610319 to pass but it must still be the Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s hope that it will come to pass.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14825034\charrsid11610319 
\par [14]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  As I have }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 said}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 I have heard the evidence given in the Court}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
and have read}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
the evidence in affidavit form and many other documents which have been provided to me in evidence. I have read about Pa Marie and observed her demeanor and her }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 attitude in th
e witness box. I a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 m bound to say that I find it autocratic and to some extent arrogant. There}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 was a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
certain flippancy in the way she dealt with questions. She was unprepared to make any concession in answers to the question that were given. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3620950\charrsid11610319 On}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  the other hand, Pa Elizabeth is equally determined to uphold her}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 position and her view. There has been repeated reference by her and on her}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 side}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
to Pa Marie attempting to convert family land to the Ariki title. That}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s not}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the correct phrase to use. On the advice of the experts Pa Marie}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 applied}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
for Ariki title by way of succession. In the end, five out of the eight were held to be Ariki title. She was not attempting to convert them. What was found certainly was that the Court in the first instance was in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  error i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 n deciding that 3 family lands wer}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 
e Ariki. There was an attitude i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 n this}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
Court on the part of Pa Elizabeth that the Court in the past and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  the Ui }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
Rangatira had failed her and her siblings. But everyone must be prepared to accept the decision of those who have authority and to whom an appeal is made and who have the right and duty to make the decision.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 A}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 decision does not always go the way you want it.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 
\par [15]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  The crux of this case is who or what is the kopu ariki.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 There was a proposal made by way of a Preliminary point at the beginning of this hearing by }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16345225 Mrs}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Browne that I should}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
deal with that matter alone}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 but the applicant wished to proceed with}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the whole matter to deal with the details of the merits of the application}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 and the justification for the removal of Marie and I acquiesced in that matter.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 
\par [1}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 6}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 ]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319  There are two aspec}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 s t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 o the crux}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of this case: the constitution of the kopu ariki and who has the right of removal}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 and the right of appointment.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 As I have said the Court is to determine who of the two claimants is entitled to the title of Ariki and not to remove}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 or to appoint anybody.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 There is no law except custom.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [17] The claim of Pa Elizabeth as to the ko}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319 pu}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  ariki is as set out in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16345225 Mr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  George}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s final submissions and I paraphrase these}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 , I}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 hope correctly, that there is agreement, a unanimity was the word he used}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 hat the children of Pa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Terito are kopu ariki but not the only ones as the kopu ariki includes the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
Rangatiras of Pa and the direct descendants of the three wives of pa Taputapuatea. But it is claimed that the children of Pa Terito should be treated as the first among equals as the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 s
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 uperior part of the kopu as a whole with the right to remove and appoint. For the respondent the claim is that the kopu ariki is the whole family descended from the three wives,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12939485\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
although now there are only two lines surviving, and that kopu ariki as a whole is represented by the Ui Rangatira.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par [18]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Custom}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  is not like enactments or statu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
tes which are written down. It is to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
be drawn, elicited from evidence of those who can say from their memory and from what they have been told, what has been done in the past, how members of the tribe have acted in the past. Frequentl
y it will be from oral evidence, but it can also be written, recorded or gathered from written and oral evidence.
\par 
\par [19] There has been a considerable amount of evidence about the appointment of Rangatira and of Mataiapo. I distinguish the s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 tatus and the Position and the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  election of tho}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 se. It seems to me that the Rang}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 atira}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 and the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8784273\charrsid11610319 Mataiapo }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 represent one part of the family or whole tribe whereas the Ariki and the status of the Ariki is to represent and to be the head of the w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 hole of the tri}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 be.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par [20]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  In the distant past, various succession to the Ariki title}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16345225 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 has taken place by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 it seems the force or mana of the Pa Ariki of the family in the appointment for example of Mere Pa. Mere Pa arranged or enforced the appointment of Maretu, not a person of the blood of P
a and an adopted child, but by her mana and her status she had Maretu appointed.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 It seems that even Pa Terito appointed in 1924, was brought}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 in to the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
status through the actions of Tupe Short. It is to be observed}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 however}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 that the correspondence and applications made in 1924, which}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 have been}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 exhibited to me, indicate that at least on that occasion that the Ui Rangatira took control and confirmed afterwards the appointment. In those cases it seems that the Ui Rangatira was s
ide stepped.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 What it may well be, and I am inclined to think that that only shows some}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 particular}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 recognition of the ability of Pa and the mana of the Ui Rangatira but on the other hand the side stepping of that by those who had greater power to carry the matter through.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6424627\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [21] In the case of Pa Marie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
s appointment in 1990, that was given a full consideration by the Ui Rangatira. There was at that time other claimants. The Rangatira did not just act as a rubber stamp but considered the matter and went along in the end }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 w}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1468228\charrsid11610319 ith the decision of the family.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par 
\par [22] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
An important part of the evidence of the custom in this case, is the reports of the House of Ariki and the Koutu Nui which were brought together over a number of years and which had been}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 subject to lengthy consideration by the members of these bodies. There was}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16345225  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 a very clear}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  consistent thread in those reports}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  that the election of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Ariki is by the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  kopu }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ariki and that the kopu ariki is the family which comes from the common ancestor and that common ancestor 
is the ancient}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ancestor who}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 was the source of the land, in the words of the report}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1468228\charrsid11610319 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  from whom the children have descended. That is not the immediate ascendant, but the ancient ascend}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6564327 ant, and in this case Pa Taputa}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6564327 u}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 atea and the families of his three wives.
 There is also a consistent theme in those reports that the Ui Rangatira as representative of the kopu ariki make the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 decision.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [23] That evidence is supported by the observations}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of the Court in a number}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
of cases which have been decided over the years. I refer in particular }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 to the Tinomana Ariki Title Land Appellate Court decision }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  June 1976}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 {\*\xmlclose} }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
and that of Kainuku Ariki decision, of the Court of Appeal on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}the 19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 November 1991{\*\xmlclose} the Tinomana Ariki title decision of the Court of Appeal on {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  August 1994{\*\xmlclose} and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  the Makea Nui Title decision }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}18}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 th}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  September 1995{\*\xmlclose}. Again there is a common thread which approves of and is consistent with}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the decisions of the House of Ariki and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 the Koutu Nui and their reports}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 .
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par [24]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Removal of an Ariki appears to }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319 be an unprecedented occurrence. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
There is no evidence before me in spite of researches and the knowledge of the witnesses of any previous removal not just out of the Pa family, but out of any tribe. Clearly that is a matter of extreme seriousness}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 matter which}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
requires very careful consideration and needs in my view to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 be based and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
grounded upon what can only be classified as grave misconduct. In the reports that I have mentioned, the question of removal is considered and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 recognized in the case of conduct described as sins and particularized in the reports.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5769347\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [25] The case for the applicant, while it ac}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319 cepts these reports that I have }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 mentioned, is based immediately on th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 e assertions in evidence of Pa }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319 Elizabeth }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 and her family, on the result of the meeting of the M}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319 atai}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 apo in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
April and other evidence given before me by those versed in custom and in particular in the custom of investitures. Pa Elizabeth has claimed that she has received tutoring, but when questioned about this it}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 appeared}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 that this was from a number of people who had given advice.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 It did not}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
appear to be any lengthy course of tutoring or education in the customs}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the tribe.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [26] It is necessary to observe, as I have already noted}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 a number of the family, in 
fact nearly all of them have spent a large part of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 their lives}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
overseas. To that extent I must discount their asserted knowledge of customs. The Mataiapo meeting in April is claimed to provide a majority support for the prerogative of the issue of Pa Terit
o to make the decision as to removal and replacement. I do not think that that goes as far as that. That meeting was atten}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 ded by only part of the Mataia}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  group. It}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 includes Mataiapo who are not part of the Pa family. When I analyze the minutes of that mee
ting, there was a reluctance on the part of a number to make any decision at all. Only one or two gave what could be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 said to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
be a clear go ahead to Pa Elizabeth. Even those who were}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
prepared to say that the kopu ariki was the family from the womb of Pa Terito}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 , }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 there}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
was an acceptance that this would also depend on the context. Some who gave evidence by affidavit were not called to be cross-examined, and so their evidence unchallenged is of less significance and importance than if they had come forward and g
iven the evidence and been}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12535927\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 subject to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 challenge on that. That refers particularly to Papa Tangaroa Kainuku and some others.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
\par [27]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Having considered all the matters before me, and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12983216\charrsid11610319  what can be described as the w}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ealth of authority from the Court and from the deliberations and the writings of the House of Ariki and the Kout}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
u Nui}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1930901 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  I am satisfied that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  the kopu }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ariki in the context of this case, is not just the family of Pa Terito or any one family, but the family of a
ll of the descendants of the common ancestor, Pa Taputapuatea. I am satisfied that the kopu }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12983216\charrsid11610319 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
riki in matters of removal and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 appointme}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12983216\charrsid11610319 nt is represented by the Ui}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Rangatira.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [28] It is necessary in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
every case of appointment that someone is to be put}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 forward
 as a candidate, chosen by the last Pa perhaps as in Maretu}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s case or chosen by the f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 amily as in Pa Marie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 s case or p}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ut forward perhaps as an independent candidate, as was the case in the Pa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Marie}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s election or in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the time before her election. But the choice}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 
,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 he election is by the kopu ariki}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 and that is the Ui Rangatira. The Pa Ariki represents not just the immediate family but the whole tribe of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Pa.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 {\*\xmlclose} In logic}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  it must be wrong that}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
only one part of the Pa can appoint and even more so, remove an Arik}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 i. The family of Pa Terito in my}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  judgment has}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 no additional power or strength only the right among themselves to choose}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 one of their number.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
\par [29] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Reference has been made to what has been described as the oral will of Pa Terito by which she sa}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 id on a num
ber of occasions}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 , words to the effect that until all nine of }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 her children died, they should }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 always be the Ariki.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
Whether or not that has any particular significance is beside the point in this case. Because it is not in fact an issue, the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 only persons involved at}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 this stage, }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 have been members of the family.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
\par 
\par [30] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 I }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
should say something about the question of behaviour, the justification as it has been presented of the removal of Pa Marie. This is pre-eminently a matter for decision by the tribe and that mean
s by the Ui Rangatira who represent the families of the tribe.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 It is a decision that has}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 to be made in the 21}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\super\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 st}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  century and bad behavior}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 of a sexual nature,}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 for}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 example, may not be treated as a sin as it might have}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  been in the past. It }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 is not as in a Criminal Court of Law, a matter of conviction of a crime.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 There are matters as described in the House of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  Ariki}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  reports}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
 which are crimes: murder and, incest are two of those. But}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 those clearly are}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 matters which are contrary to all laws at all times}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 especially for those}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319  who believe in God and under the Bible scriptures.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5580904\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 For some reason the phrase cohabiting was introduced in place of the word adultery it seems,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
 in the reports and writings o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 f the Koutu Nui and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the House of Ariki. It is not clear why that was done or what it means. As I observed during the hearing cohabiting takes}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 place between married people and there can be nothing sinful presumably in that.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
\par [31]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Reference has been made as bad behaviour, that Pa Marie has not shared with her family any of t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
he proceeds of benefits of Ariki}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319  or other land.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Ariki}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
land is a special situation. It is in the title solely of the person who holds the Ariki title. It is, according to the writings of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the Koutu Nui and the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
House of Ariki for the upkeep of the status and mana and the general welfare of the Ariki. The person who holds the title}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 must be a guardian,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 a tiaki, of the title for the whole family and for the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 future Ariki and the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 future members, the d}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 escendants to come. If there i}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s any trust involved,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 then 
it is not a trust just for the immediate family, her siblings or his siblings but for the whole of the family.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1930901\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [32] There is reference also to other bad behaviour in mistreatment, ill treatment of the rest of the family.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Evidence was given that at least at an earlier stage t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 he family had friendly and happy}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  relations. Recourse to Court in 1996 and more recent actions against Pa Marie must necessarily cause some concern and it is}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 difficult to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ignore such matters and continue happy relations.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 It would take}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  extraordinary }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 
detachment to put }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 aside challenges of one}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14221690 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  status }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 
 rights by other members of the family and}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  yet treat them}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 as if nothing}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
had happened. The important thing on this aspect of the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 matter is that in face of the conflict between t}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 he family, first, Mataiapo and }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 Ui }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
Rangatira in}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
meetings have continued their support of Pa Marie. It may be that there has never been a full hearing of the complaints such as took place in this courtroom, but I cannot believe that in}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319  this community in 2002 and 2004}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  after what had gone on, the members of the Rangatira and}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the Mataiapo}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 as a whole were not aware of the behavior of Pa Marie. One of the matters is a tattoo which is vi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
sible at all times on her hand. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Her relationship with a person}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  of some prominence in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1
{\factoidname place}}Raroton}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 g}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 {\*\xmlclose}
 was certainly known to a number of people. The Ui Rangatira and the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 Mataiapo have}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 spoken and it}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4398818\charrsid11610319 
 would be bold indeed for this C}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 ourt to say that the behaviour was such, in }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 spite of the decision of those p}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 arts of the family, as to justify removal.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
\par [33]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  A challenge has been made as to}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11610319\charrsid11610319  the investiture ceremony of P}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 a Elizabeth. I am not prepared to pronounce upon that.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 That must be a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11610319\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
matter for decision by the Kopu Ariki. I observe that an investiture is not it seems vital to the confirmation or the continued status of an Ariki. So the absence of such a ceremony is not fatal. Equally, the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 existence or the occurrence of such a ceremony could not be determinative}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11610319\charrsid11610319 without a p}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 roper election by the Kopu Ari}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 ki represented by the Ui Rangatira. I do }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 find on th
e evidence that is given before me that the investiture of Pa Elizabeth did not take place on the traditional Pa marae and it was not conducted or attended by all those who would traditionally have done so.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [34] I have already repeated and endorsed the ho
pe for conciliation and peace in this family. It needs a gesture, a conciliatory approach to be made. Some magnanimity, some swallowing of pride and humbling of the parties}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 to try to get together and while a number of the family are here}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11610319\charrsid11610319 ,}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  this might be an opportunity in spite of this case to make that approach.
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 [35] The determination of this Court is that Tepaeru Teariki U}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319 pokotini}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319  Ariki has}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 
the right to hold office as Pa Ariki. Kairangi Elizabeth does not have}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 the}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11356531\charrsid11610319  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 right to hold the title. I will reserve costs.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6424627 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid11610319 CHIEF JUSTICE}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid683769\charrsid6424627 
\par }}