{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f36\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f37\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f39\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f40\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f41\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f42\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\f43\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f44\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;
\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;
\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden 
Default Paragraph Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 Style 1;}{\s16\ql \li0\ri0\sa72\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext16 Style 2;}{
\s17\ql \li0\ri0\sa144\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext17 Style 3;}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid816904\rsid918002\rsid1073859\rsid1452136\rsid1454417\rsid1583611
\rsid1931278\rsid2037226\rsid2107879\rsid2166167\rsid2969857\rsid4075439\rsid4075628\rsid4275461\rsid4411700\rsid4812397\rsid6058555\rsid6900855\rsid6913057\rsid7163260\rsid7939611\rsid8004309\rsid8265089\rsid8274259\rsid8347886\rsid8860390\rsid9634871
\rsid9906278\rsid9965456\rsid10300967\rsid10709405\rsid10893017\rsid11153246\rsid11548374\rsid12088274\rsid12198079\rsid12983675\rsid13046743\rsid13246691\rsid13312585\rsid14426773\rsid14496721\rsid14759879\rsid15022228\rsid15999713\rsid16269742
\rsid16399549}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.6818;}{\info{\operator Teniau_D}{\creatim\yr2007\mo8\dy16\hr13\min11}{\revtim\yr2008\mo1\dy24\hr16\min23}{\version33}{\edmins463}{\nofpages4}{\nofwords1455}{\nofchars8295}{\nofcharsws9731}
{\vern16393}{\*\password 00000000}}{\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags}}\paperw12245\paperh15845\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb900\gutter0 
\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\subfontbysize\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow3
\jcompress\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot14496721 \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 013f}\sectd \linex0\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2
\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang 
{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 
IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE COOK ISLANDS}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2166167\charrsid6913057 HEL}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid6913057 D AT RAROTONGA
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx3150\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9634871 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid2166167 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx3150\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9634871 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 IN THE MATTER}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 of the Declaratory Judgments Act 1908}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid6913057 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid9906278 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid6913057 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 IN THE MATTER}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 of the Public Service Act 1975}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid6913057 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057\charrsid6913057 BETWEEN
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057\charrsid6913057 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 COOK ISLANDS PUBLIC SERVICE ASSOCIATION (INC)}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 incorporated society registered at Rarotonga
\par APPLICANT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid12983675 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid9906278 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid12983675 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 JAMES JOSEPH }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 M}{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 ACCAULEY}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 of Rarotonga, Public Service}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931278\charrsid8274259 Commissioner
}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 BERNARD WALTER KANE }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 and}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 RICHARD CHARLES CHAPMAN}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 of Rarotonga Public Servants}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 FIRST RESPONDENTS
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx3150\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9634871 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid12983675 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid9906278 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid12983675 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}COOK
{\*\xmlclose} {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}ISLANDS{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} PUBLIC SERVICE BOARD OF APPEAL
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid9906278 SECOND RESPONDENT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid9906278 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 Date of Hearing: 3}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931278 .}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931278\charrsid13246691 12.80}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 
\par Date of Decision:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691  24.2.19}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8265089 8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 1}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 Clarke for applicant.
\par Solicitor-General for Respondents.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 DECISION OF SIR GAVEN DONNE C.J.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 
\par This is a motion for a Declaratory Order determining the rights of appeal under the Public Service Act 1975 of certain public servants of the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Cooks{\*\xmlclose} 
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Islands}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7939611 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 
\par 
\par The rights of appeal with which we are concerned are set out in section 40 of the Public Service Act 1975 which reads:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1583611 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid4812397 
Rights of appeal}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6913057  -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691  (1) Subject to the provisions of section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12983675 s}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691  46 and 47 of this Act, every officer shall have a right of appeal in accordance 
with this section against the promotion of any officer, or the appointment of any person who is not an officer to any graded position if (in either case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12983675 )}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691  the appointment of the appellant to the position would have involved his promotion:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1583611 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9634871\charrsid13246691 Provided that no o
fficer shall have any right of appeal in respect of any such promotion or appointment if the promotion or appointment was to a vacancy which had been notified in the Official Circular or otherside, unless the officer was an applicant for appointment there
to:
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1583611 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6058555\charrsid13246691 Provided also that any such appeal shall be deemed to have lapsed if, befor
e the appeal is determined, the appellant is promoted to an equivalent grade or to a position with the same or higher maximum salary or the promotion or appointment that is the subject of the appeal is cancelled, or if the officer promoted or the person}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691  appointed dies, or vacates or renounces or becomes incapable of taking up the position or grade.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6058555\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
\par The right of appeal is thus }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7163260 given if the appellant would have }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4411700 
promoted if he has been }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 the appointee. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
Promotion}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691  is defined in section 2 as follows:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1583611 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 '}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 Promotion}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 '}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691  means advancement from one grade to another within an occupational class or transfer from one occupational class to another involving in ei}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 ther case an increase in salary.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
\par Now, Mr Clarke for the applicant contends that the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 promotion}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691  must relate to the position to which the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
appointment}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691  was made irrespective of the pers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 onal grading of the appellant. }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 He further submits that a person must be graded for the position he holds in the sense that the personal grading of person occupying a position must coincide with that of the position.

\par 
\par I do not consider }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 these submissions are tenable. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
Classification and grading under the Act are dealt with under sections 24, }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931278 25 and 26. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
The first step in grading must be under section 2}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 4}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 (1) and (2). }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 The section is concerned with (a)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4411700  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
the establishment of categories of occupational classes (subsection 1), and (b) after that is done, the Public Service Commissioner and certain Departmental H}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 eads appointed under section 10}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 (4) must divide each occupational cla}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 ss into grades (subsection 2). }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 In doing this, they must assess }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
the relative levels of responsibility and skills required to be exercised by employees}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
 occupying each graded position and must also fix a salary rate to be paid in respec}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931278 t thereof. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 Positi
ons in the Public Service are thus e}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 stablished under this section. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 The next step is to provide employees who are}
{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691  able to fill these positions. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 This involves an investigation of the qualifications and ab}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 ility of every public servant. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 Consequently each publi
c servant is considered and placed in an occupational class and graded in relation to his degr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 ee of "responsibility and skill".}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 This is done under section 25}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 (1) which reads:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10893017\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1583611 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 "}{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
Classification, grading and salaries of officers and probationers}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611  -}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691  (1) The Co
mmissioner and the Departmental heads appointed pursuant to subsection (4) of section 10 of this Act shall place every officer and probationer in an occupational class and }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
shall also place every officer and probationer in a grade in the appropriate occupational class}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid1583611  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
according to the level of responsibility and skill required to be exercised in the performance of the duties assigned to him. Salary shall be payable to each officer or probationer according to his grading and on promotion, unless the Commissio
ner acting on his own or with the Departmental heads appointed pursuant to subsection (4) of section 10 of this Act, as the case may require, otherwise determines, an officer or probationer shall be awarded the minimum salary and proceed to the maximum fo
r the grade as provided in section 27 of this Act."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 (The underlining is mine)
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid10709405 Now, this section very clearly personally grades the public servant in his occupational class. There is no requirement to place him in any specific graded position in that class
. He does however receive the salary payable according to his grading. All this section does is to give the public servant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 
 a personal grading which will qualify him for a position in an appropriate grade in the specific occupational class. The grading he r
eceives does not necessarily relate to the position he holds, (Subsection 3). Section 26 provides for reviewing of grading of the Public Service on a continuous basis (subsection 1). Subsection 2 provides for the steps to be taken in the case where a post
 is regarded to one not coinciding with that of the officer the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8347886 n}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 
 occupying it. In such a case, it does not follow that that officer is regarded to qualify him for }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8004309 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 he post. Sub
section 4 gives our officer the right to apply for a review of the classification and regarding of the position he hold}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13312585 s}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 
 with a right of appeal if he is not satisfied with the review. It is possible also for the position to be }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13312585 regra}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13312585\charrsid13246691 ded}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691  in th}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15022228 is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691  review without a consequent regr}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15022228 a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 ding of the officer.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 
\par I have no doubt, after considering these sections, that grading of position and grading of public servants are not necessarily inter-related. The position does not determine the grading of the officer holding it; h
is grading must qualify him for it. If it does not, he can be removed fr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046743 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 m it - see section 26}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 (2) (supra).
\par 
\par I now turn to the question of promotion as defined in the Act}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13046743  (supra)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15999713 .
\par 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 Firstly, the term applies to advancement fr}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid15999713 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1583611 m one grade to another -}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691  not fr
om a graded position to another graded position. Secondly, it involves an increase in salary. The concept of promotion is that of advancement which must be accompanied by an increase in salary. Now salary accompanies a personal grading under section 25(1)
 
and is personal to the officer graded. I am therefore of the view that in considering whether an officer has the right to appeal, the question as to whether an appointment to the position in respect of which the appeal is lodged must depend solely upon hi
s personal grading and the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11153246  salary payable to him therefor}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691  as opposed to the grading of the posi}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11153246 tion he holds. I was referred by}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691  Mr Clarke to section}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 
s 20(b) and 21. These sections, I consider do not affect the position. The former relates to cases where no 
suitable position is available for the grading of the officer, section 21 relates to transfer. Both provisions are designed to meet the special circumstances mentioned therein.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2969857\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 
\par The two officers on whose behalf these proceedings are taken are Mr P. Etches and Mr E. Ponia.
\par 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 Mr Etches
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 I consider Mr Etches has a right of appeal. Mr Etches has a personal grading of Grade IV Scale 12. The position the subject of the appeal }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11548374 is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691  Grade V Scale 14, carrying a salary of $7,020 minimum to $8,964 maximum. However, Mr E
tches was at the material time receiving a salary in excess of this }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11153246 maximum}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1454417 ,}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11153246  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 namely $10,216. }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid12198079 I}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 n 1974 he, then an expatriate, chose }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6900855 t}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 
o opt to accept local appointment in the Public Service. He was accepted by the Department of Education on the following terms (inter alia) recorded in a letter of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}the 27th March 1974{\*\xmlclose} as follows:-}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid816904\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid16269742 "2. The employee will not suffer any reduction in his basic salary, but this }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1931278\charrsid16269742 basic}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid16269742 
 salary will be expressed as the local grading for his job plus an adjustment allowance to bring the total remuneration to the expatriate basic salary level at the time of termination of the contract.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\highlight7\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid4275461 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid16269742 
Furthermore, although the local grading of the position will attract local salary increases, the adjustment allowance will abate by the amount of such increases until, eventually it disappears.
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 The effect of this is to 'freeze' the remuneration of the emp
loyee until such time as his local grading catches up with his basic expatriate salary."
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 
\par I am satisfied therefore, that Mr Etches must be regarded as being employed on the basic local salary for the position he holds, namely a maximum of $7,884. Any addit}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1454417 ional payment he receives}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 
 is not related to his local grading in the Public Service but is an "adjustment allowance" in pursuance of the special arrangement recorded in the letter from his Department (supra). For these reasons I have held he has the right to Appeal.}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid1073859 Mr Ponia
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid1073859 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid1073859 
I have already held that it is the personal grading of the officer which determines his right to appeal. Here Mr Ponia by virtue of his personal grading, has the equivalent grading specified for the position}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691  in respect of which he app
eals. Although he occupies a position on a lower scale than his personal grading, which, if it were the equivalent of the position he holds, would entitle him to appeal, his personal grading precludes him that}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073859  right. I hold he has no right }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 o}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1073859 f}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691  appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid1454417 Sir Gaven Donne, K.B.E.
\par Chief Justice
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6913057 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid9965456\charrsid13246691 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 Solicitor for the Applicant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2037226 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691  Cl}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 arke Ingram }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2037226 &}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691  Co, Rarotonga.
\par Solicitor for Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13246691\charrsid13246691 : So}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid14426773\charrsid13246691 licitor-General, {\*\xmlopen\xmlns1{\factoidname place}}Rarotonga{\*\xmlclose}.

\par }}